EP1212390B1 - Nouvelle huile de base hydrocarbonee pour lubrifiants a indice de viscosite tres eleve - Google Patents

Nouvelle huile de base hydrocarbonee pour lubrifiants a indice de viscosite tres eleve Download PDF

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Publication number
EP1212390B1
EP1212390B1 EP00960815A EP00960815A EP1212390B1 EP 1212390 B1 EP1212390 B1 EP 1212390B1 EP 00960815 A EP00960815 A EP 00960815A EP 00960815 A EP00960815 A EP 00960815A EP 1212390 B1 EP1212390 B1 EP 1212390B1
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EP
European Patent Office
Prior art keywords
base oil
oil according
viscosity index
carbon atoms
equal
Prior art date
Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
Revoked
Application number
EP00960815A
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German (de)
English (en)
French (fr)
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EP1212390A1 (fr
Inventor
Olivier Bertomeu
Current Assignee (The listed assignees may be inaccurate. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation or warranty as to the accuracy of the list.)
TotalEnergies Marketing Services SA
Original Assignee
TotalFinaElf France SA
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Classifications

    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C10—PETROLEUM, GAS OR COKE INDUSTRIES; TECHNICAL GASES CONTAINING CARBON MONOXIDE; FUELS; LUBRICANTS; PEAT
    • C10M—LUBRICATING COMPOSITIONS; USE OF CHEMICAL SUBSTANCES EITHER ALONE OR AS LUBRICATING INGREDIENTS IN A LUBRICATING COMPOSITION
    • C10M101/00—Lubricating compositions characterised by the base-material being a mineral or fatty oil
    • C10M101/02—Petroleum fractions
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C10—PETROLEUM, GAS OR COKE INDUSTRIES; TECHNICAL GASES CONTAINING CARBON MONOXIDE; FUELS; LUBRICANTS; PEAT
    • C10G—CRACKING HYDROCARBON OILS; PRODUCTION OF LIQUID HYDROCARBON MIXTURES, e.g. BY DESTRUCTIVE HYDROGENATION, OLIGOMERISATION, POLYMERISATION; RECOVERY OF HYDROCARBON OILS FROM OIL-SHALE, OIL-SAND, OR GASES; REFINING MIXTURES MAINLY CONSISTING OF HYDROCARBONS; REFORMING OF NAPHTHA; MINERAL WAXES
    • C10G2400/00—Products obtained by processes covered by groups C10G9/00 - C10G69/14
    • C10G2400/10—Lubricating oil
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C10—PETROLEUM, GAS OR COKE INDUSTRIES; TECHNICAL GASES CONTAINING CARBON MONOXIDE; FUELS; LUBRICANTS; PEAT
    • C10M—LUBRICATING COMPOSITIONS; USE OF CHEMICAL SUBSTANCES EITHER ALONE OR AS LUBRICATING INGREDIENTS IN A LUBRICATING COMPOSITION
    • C10M2203/00—Organic non-macromolecular hydrocarbon compounds and hydrocarbon fractions as ingredients in lubricant compositions
    • C10M2203/10—Petroleum or coal fractions, e.g. tars, solvents, bitumen
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C10—PETROLEUM, GAS OR COKE INDUSTRIES; TECHNICAL GASES CONTAINING CARBON MONOXIDE; FUELS; LUBRICANTS; PEAT
    • C10M—LUBRICATING COMPOSITIONS; USE OF CHEMICAL SUBSTANCES EITHER ALONE OR AS LUBRICATING INGREDIENTS IN A LUBRICATING COMPOSITION
    • C10M2203/00—Organic non-macromolecular hydrocarbon compounds and hydrocarbon fractions as ingredients in lubricant compositions
    • C10M2203/10—Petroleum or coal fractions, e.g. tars, solvents, bitumen
    • C10M2203/102—Aliphatic fractions

Definitions

  • the invention relates to a hydrocarbon base oil for high-end lubricants, obtained from hydrocarbon cuts from various sources. More specifically, the invention relates to an oil of this type, having a viscosity index VI, calculated according to standard NF T 60-136, greater than 130, for a kinematic viscosity measured at 100 ° C (Vk @ 100 ° C) , measured according to standard NF T 60-100, between 3.5 and 4.5 mm 2 / s (or cSt).
  • This base oil finds a preferential application in the formulations of lubricants for engines, in particular in the automobile industry, as well as for industrial uses.
  • Base oils are currently classified according to the API classification into five groups, according to characteristics defined in Table 1 below: Table 1 Saturated compounds (% by weight) Sulfur content (% by weight) Viscosity index VI Group 1 ⁇ 90 > 0.03 80 ⁇ VI ⁇ 120 Group II > 90 ⁇ 0.03 80 ⁇ VI ⁇ 120 Group III > 90 ⁇ 0.03 > 120 Group IV PAO (Poly- ⁇ -olefins) Group V Others (esters)
  • viscosity index or VI of petroleum products is calculated from their kinematic viscosities at 40 ° C and 100 ° C, according to standard NF T 60-136.
  • Such bases obtained from hydrocracking residues subjected to a dewaxing with solvent and forming part of group III according to the API classification described above, are currently produced, in particular by the Applicant, under the name NHC5 (“Neutral HydroCracked ”), with a Vk @ 100 ° C of 4.5 to 5 mm 2 / s (4.5 to 5 cSt).
  • Patent application FR 2 194 767 A describes, in particular, a process for preparing a high VI lubricating oil, comprising a catalytic hydrocracking treatment of a mineral fraction with high boiling point, a effluent fractionation, dewaxing of the boiling residue above 350 ° C. and catalytic hydroisomerization of the paraffin obtained.
  • EP-A-0 323 092 describes a process for producing high VI oil, comprising steps of hydrotreatment, catalytic hydroisomerization and dewaxing
  • WO 97/21788 A describes a process for producing a biodegradable lubricating base oil, comprising a step of hydroisomerization and catalytic hydrocracking of a fraction of boiling point above 370 ° C.
  • the object of the present invention is therefore to obtain a new base oil for high-end lubricants, obtained from hydrocarbon cuts from various sources, having a high viscosity index and improved cold properties, in particular a pour point below -18 ° C, ensuring satisfactory rheological properties to the finished lubricating oils formulated from this base oil, in a wide range of temperatures (from -30 to + 100 ° C), thanks to a particular branching structure of the paraffinic molecules composing it.
  • the base oil according to the invention is much better in performance than bases currently available on the market, derived from hydrocracked products and having undergone solvent dewaxing (oils of the NHC5 type), or dewaxing catalytic, and which belong to group III according to the API classification described above.
  • it can also replace known synthetic bases such as poly- ⁇ -olefins (PAO), belonging to group IV, whose performances are well known for increasing the VI, but which have the major drawback of have a cost much higher than the bases of mineral origin.
  • PAO poly- ⁇ -olefins
  • the subject of the invention is a hydrocarbon base oil for lubricants, having a viscosity index VI greater than or equal to 130, comprising mainly long, isoparaffinic hydrocarbon chains, comprising a number of carbon atoms greater than 25 and branched on several carbon atoms, characterized in that the hydrocarbon chains have a ratio of the number of substituents composed of at least two carbon atoms to the number of methyl substituents greater than or equal to 0.9, and in that these chains have a ratio of the number of substituents composed of at least two carbon atoms, to the number of CH 2 long chain groups, greater than or equal to 0.23.
  • the base oil according to the invention has a ratio of the viscosity index when cold (VIF) to the viscosity index (VI) (measured according to standard NF T 60-136) greater than or equal at 1.
  • the base oil has a content of naphthenic molecules less than or equal to 0.1.
  • the base oil has a Noack volatility value of less than 13% by weight (calculated according to standard CEC-L-40-A 95), as well as a pour point (calculated according to standard NFT 60- 105) below -18 ° C.
  • it has a Saybolt color value of + 30 (measured according to the ASTM D 156 method).
  • the base oil has a cold viscosity index (VIF) greater than 125.
  • the base oil has a dynamic CCS viscosity at -30 ° C of less than 1200 mPa.s (calculated according to standard ASTM D 5293), for a kinematic viscosity Vk at 100 ° C of 4 mm 2 / s.
  • the base oil according to the invention has a viscosity index VI greater than 130 and less than or equal to 135, for a kinematic viscosity Vk at 100 ° C of between 3.5 and 4.5 mm 2 / s or cSt.
  • this base oil has a viscosity index VI greater than 135 for a kinematic viscosity Vk at 100 ° C of between 4.5 and 5 mm 2 / s.
  • a second object of the invention relates to the use of the base oil defined above, in the formulation of lubricants for engines, in particular for automobiles, with a view in particular to formulating an OW30 grade.
  • a third subject of the invention relates to a process for the preparation of the base oil of the invention successively comprising the stages of hydrotreatment, hydrodewaxing, fractionation and hydrofinishing of residue cuts from hydrocracking.
  • the new base oil exhibits advantageous properties when cold, characterized, on the one hand, by a pour point of less than - 18 ° C and, on the other hand , by a new so-called cold viscosity index (VIF) such that the oil has a cold viscosity index (VIF) / viscosity index (VI) ratio, greater than or equal to 1.
  • the cold viscosity index VIF is calculated in using the usual formula for calculating the VI (according to standard NF T 60-136), which integrates the values of kinematic viscosity at 100 ° C and 40 ° C of the product to be measured, but by replacing the value of kinematic viscosity with 40 ° C, the kinematic viscosity value at -30 ° C. The latter is obtained by dividing the dynamic viscosity at - 30 ° C (which is measurable) by the density at - 30 ° C of the product, calculated from the density at 15 ° C, by temperature correction.
  • All these oils have a kinematic viscosity Vk @ 100 ° C of between 4 and 5 mm 2 / s (4 and 5 cSt).
  • Mass spectrometry made it possible to evaluate the content of naphthenic molecules in the various base oils: there are approximately 10% for oil A, as well as for oil B, against 30% for oil C, 40% for oil D and 60% for oil E.
  • fillers can advantageously be used, in mixture with the previous fillers, for doping them, in particular paraffins or Fischer-Tropsch synthetic waxes, waxes or slack waxes, and distillates for atmospheric or vacuum distillation.
  • the lubricating base oil according to the invention by oligomerization of olefins, in particular of light alpha-olefins present in particular in the heavy petrol of visbreaking units or in l essence of FCC (cracker catalytic).
  • This oligomerization is carried out in the presence of a catalyst of the phosphoric acid or aluminum chloride type, at temperatures between approximately 190 ° C. and 340 ° C. and it leads to hydrocarbon products with very branched long chains.
  • the base oils thus obtained having a VI greater than 130 and a VIF greater than 125, can replace synthetic lubricating bases of the PAO type, with an advantageous economic advantage, in formulations for oils for automobile engines and in particular in grades such as OW30, for which the requirements of cold properties are the most severe: kinematic viscosity Vk @ 100 ° C between 9.3 and 12.5 mm 2 / s and dynamic viscosity CCS at -30 ° C less than 3250 mPa.s.

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  • Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
  • Oil, Petroleum & Natural Gas (AREA)
  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Chemical Kinetics & Catalysis (AREA)
  • General Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
  • Organic Chemistry (AREA)
  • Lubricants (AREA)
EP00960815A 1999-09-08 2000-09-07 Nouvelle huile de base hydrocarbonee pour lubrifiants a indice de viscosite tres eleve Revoked EP1212390B1 (fr)

Applications Claiming Priority (3)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
FR9911219 1999-09-08
FR9911219A FR2798136B1 (fr) 1999-09-08 1999-09-08 Nouvelle huile de base hydrocarbonee pour lubrifiants a indice de viscosite tres eleve
PCT/FR2000/002463 WO2001018156A1 (fr) 1999-09-08 2000-09-07 Nouvelle huile de base hydrocarbonee pour lubrifiants a indice de viscosite tres eleve

Publications (2)

Publication Number Publication Date
EP1212390A1 EP1212390A1 (fr) 2002-06-12
EP1212390B1 true EP1212390B1 (fr) 2003-01-29

Family

ID=9549629

Family Applications (1)

Application Number Title Priority Date Filing Date
EP00960815A Revoked EP1212390B1 (fr) 1999-09-08 2000-09-07 Nouvelle huile de base hydrocarbonee pour lubrifiants a indice de viscosite tres eleve

Country Status (14)

Country Link
US (1) US6599864B1 (es)
EP (1) EP1212390B1 (es)
JP (1) JP2003520867A (es)
KR (1) KR100711294B1 (es)
AT (1) ATE231908T1 (es)
AU (1) AU769075B2 (es)
CA (1) CA2382893A1 (es)
DE (1) DE60001331T2 (es)
DK (1) DK1212390T3 (es)
ES (1) ES2190986T3 (es)
FR (1) FR2798136B1 (es)
PT (1) PT1212390E (es)
WO (1) WO2001018156A1 (es)
ZA (1) ZA200201564B (es)

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US6599864B1 (en) 2003-07-29
KR20020052180A (ko) 2002-07-02
EP1212390A1 (fr) 2002-06-12
FR2798136A1 (fr) 2001-03-09
KR100711294B1 (ko) 2007-04-25
WO2001018156A1 (fr) 2001-03-15
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ES2190986T3 (es) 2003-09-01
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FR2798136B1 (fr) 2001-11-16
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