EP1082728A1 - Verfahren zum abbau der radioaktivität eines metallteiles - Google Patents
Verfahren zum abbau der radioaktivität eines metallteilesInfo
- Publication number
- EP1082728A1 EP1082728A1 EP99927700A EP99927700A EP1082728A1 EP 1082728 A1 EP1082728 A1 EP 1082728A1 EP 99927700 A EP99927700 A EP 99927700A EP 99927700 A EP99927700 A EP 99927700A EP 1082728 A1 EP1082728 A1 EP 1082728A1
- Authority
- EP
- European Patent Office
- Prior art keywords
- metal
- oxidizing
- metal part
- oxidizing agents
- decontamination solution
- Prior art date
- Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
- Granted
Links
Classifications
-
- G—PHYSICS
- G21—NUCLEAR PHYSICS; NUCLEAR ENGINEERING
- G21F—PROTECTION AGAINST X-RADIATION, GAMMA RADIATION, CORPUSCULAR RADIATION OR PARTICLE BOMBARDMENT; TREATING RADIOACTIVELY CONTAMINATED MATERIAL; DECONTAMINATION ARRANGEMENTS THEREFOR
- G21F9/00—Treating radioactively contaminated material; Decontamination arrangements therefor
-
- G—PHYSICS
- G21—NUCLEAR PHYSICS; NUCLEAR ENGINEERING
- G21F—PROTECTION AGAINST X-RADIATION, GAMMA RADIATION, CORPUSCULAR RADIATION OR PARTICLE BOMBARDMENT; TREATING RADIOACTIVELY CONTAMINATED MATERIAL; DECONTAMINATION ARRANGEMENTS THEREFOR
- G21F9/00—Treating radioactively contaminated material; Decontamination arrangements therefor
- G21F9/001—Decontamination of contaminated objects, apparatus, clothes, food; Preventing contamination thereof
- G21F9/002—Decontamination of the surface of objects with chemical or electrochemical processes
- G21F9/004—Decontamination of the surface of objects with chemical or electrochemical processes of metallic surfaces
Definitions
- the invention relates to a method for reducing the radioactivity of a metal part, an oxide layer being removed from the metal part with a decontamination solution.
- a method for the chemical decontamination of surface flakes of metallic components of nuclear reactor plants is known for example from EP 0 355 528 B1.
- the aim of such a process is to free the surface of metallic components from a radioactively contaminated oxide layer.
- a solution can be used as a decontamination solution, e.g. Contains oxalic acid or another carboxylic acid.
- radionuclides are mainly stored in the oxidic protective layers that are on the surfaces of metallic components.
- a suitable decontamination solution is selected so that the base metal of the components is not attacked.
- the invention was based on the object of specifying a method with which it is possible to free radioactive contaminated metal from radionuclides to such an extent that it can be fed into the usual material cycle as inactive scrap.
- the object is achieved according to the invention in that after the oxide layer has been removed from the metal part with the decontamination solution, any oxidizing agent still present is removed from the decontamination solution, and consequently a layer of the metal is removed.
- the redox potential in the decontamination solution is reduced and the corrosion potential of the base metal is also reduced.
- the base metal is attacked in a targeted manner. A few micrometers of the base metal are removed.
- the method according to the invention achieves the advantage that the targeted base metal attack separates the radionuclides from the metal.
- Metal scrap advantageously remains, which can be processed further as usual inactive scrap. On the other hand, no more base metal is removed than is necessary, so that only little waste has to be fed to a repository.
- Agents having an oxidizing action which are removed from the decontamination solution are, for example, Fe 3+ and / or residual oxygen.
- the oxidizing Fe 3+ comes from the oxide layer, which was detached from the metal surface in a previous decontamination step.
- a reducing agent for example, is added to the decontamination solution . With such a reducing agent, the interfering Fe 3+ m non-interfering Fe 2 "can be converted.
- This reducing agent can be ascorbic acid.
- the decontamination solution can also be gassed with an inert gas. This removes the remaining oxygen.
- a suitable inert gas is, for example, nitrogen.
- the decontamination solution is irradiated with UV light in order to remove oxidizing agents.
- the advantage is achieved that the Dekontammationslosung is present with the aid of an organic Dekontaminati ⁇ onssaure still m due to the previous decontamination step, both disruptive Fe 3+ corresponds as well as disturbing residual oxygen can be removed.
- the disruptive Fe 3+ and existing organic decontamination acid produce Fe 2+ and carbon dioxide when exposed to UV radiation.
- the Fe 3+ formed is then converted into Fe 2+ and carbon dioxide after the first-mentioned reaction, so that only these two substances and no oxidizing agents are left.
- Fe ⁇ ions are removed with a cation exchanger.
- a cation exchanger advantageously has a very large capacity. So you can get by with a small ion exchanger.
- an anion exchanger is required, the capacity of which is significantly smaller than that of a cation exchanger.
- the conversion of Fe 3+ into Fe 2+ also has the advantage that the remaining decontamination solution to be disposed of does not contain any chelates (complexes) which would have to be removed in a complex manner.
- the decontamination solution may additionally nitric acid, in a concentration of 100 ppm to 10,000 ppm in the solution added ⁇ the.
- the method is not continued to remove an oxidizing action means until no oxidizing we are more available ⁇ kende agent.
- the removal is stopped, for example, by adding an oxidizing agent.
- the oxidizing agent can be, for example, air, oxygen, iron (3) ions, hydrogen peroxide and / or ozone.
- Stopping the removal of oxidizing agents has the advantage that only a desired very thin layer can be removed from the base metal. This is because it has been found that the radionuclides only penetrate to the depth of a few tens of micrometers into the base metal by diffusion, i.e. by exchanging grid positions in the metal grid.
- the removal of oxidizing agents from the decontamination solution is triggered and stopped in alternation with time.
- the triggering and stopping of the base metal attack as quickly as possible, it is particularly advantageous if only the amount of metal that contains the radionuclides present in the area near the surface can be removed.
- the removal of base metal can be controlled by alternating triggering and stopping in individual steps of up to a tenth of a micrometer. Depending on requirements, then up to several 100 Mi ⁇ krometer or less removed can.
- radioactively contaminated metal parts can be supplied as a non-contaminated scrap to a usual recovery after the treatment and does not need to be stored in egg ⁇ nem repository.
- the drawing shows the course of the corrosion potential of a metal part from triggering the removal of oxidizing agents from the decontamination solution to stopping the process.
- the lower curve shows the base metal attack at the same time.
- the corrosion potential is approximately 200 mV.
- the subsequent period B UV treatment takes place, so that the corrosion potential drops to approximately -300 mV and the attack on the base metal increases slowly and then very quickly.
- the desired base metal attack takes place, whereby at least part of the layer of the metal part containing radionuclides is removed.
- the subsequent period D the base metal attack is stopped by the addition of hydrogen peroxide. The corrosion potential rises again to a value of almost 200 mV and the base metal attack goes back to a negligible value.
- the base metal can be passivated. However, it can then also be determined whether enough metal has been removed. If necessary, the described process can be repeated several times until the remaining metal is free of radionuclides and can be scrapped.
Landscapes
- Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- High Energy & Nuclear Physics (AREA)
- General Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
- General Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
- Life Sciences & Earth Sciences (AREA)
- Food Science & Technology (AREA)
- Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
- Electrochemistry (AREA)
- Chemical Kinetics & Catalysis (AREA)
- Cleaning And De-Greasing Of Metallic Materials By Chemical Methods (AREA)
- Manufacture And Refinement Of Metals (AREA)
- Treatment Of Water By Oxidation Or Reduction (AREA)
- Solid-Sorbent Or Filter-Aiding Compositions (AREA)
- Apparatus For Disinfection Or Sterilisation (AREA)
Abstract
Description
Claims
Applications Claiming Priority (3)
Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
---|---|---|---|
DE19818772 | 1998-04-27 | ||
DE19818772A DE19818772C2 (de) | 1998-04-27 | 1998-04-27 | Verfahren zum Abbau der Radioaktivität eines Metallteiles |
PCT/DE1999/001203 WO1999056286A2 (de) | 1998-04-27 | 1999-04-21 | Verfahren zum abbau der radioaktivität eines metallteiles |
Publications (2)
Publication Number | Publication Date |
---|---|
EP1082728A1 true EP1082728A1 (de) | 2001-03-14 |
EP1082728B1 EP1082728B1 (de) | 2002-08-07 |
Family
ID=7865927
Family Applications (1)
Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
---|---|---|---|
EP99927700A Expired - Lifetime EP1082728B1 (de) | 1998-04-27 | 1999-04-21 | Verfahren zum abbau der radioaktivität eines metallteiles |
Country Status (12)
Country | Link |
---|---|
US (1) | US6613153B1 (de) |
EP (1) | EP1082728B1 (de) |
JP (1) | JP3881515B2 (de) |
KR (1) | KR100446810B1 (de) |
AR (1) | AR016220A1 (de) |
BR (1) | BR9909968B1 (de) |
CA (1) | CA2329814C (de) |
DE (2) | DE19818772C2 (de) |
ES (1) | ES2180306T3 (de) |
MX (1) | MXPA00010614A (de) |
TW (1) | TW418404B (de) |
WO (1) | WO1999056286A2 (de) |
Families Citing this family (13)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
KR100724710B1 (ko) * | 2002-11-21 | 2007-06-04 | 가부시끼가이샤 도시바 | 방사화 부품의 화학적 오염제거 시스템 및 방법 |
JP4083607B2 (ja) * | 2003-03-19 | 2008-04-30 | 株式会社東芝 | 放射能の化学除染方法および装置 |
JP2013064696A (ja) * | 2011-09-20 | 2013-04-11 | Toshiba Corp | 放射能汚染物の化学除染方法 |
WO2013041595A1 (de) | 2011-09-20 | 2013-03-28 | Nis Ingenieurgesellschaft Mbh | Verfahren zum abbau einer oxidschicht |
TWI457948B (zh) * | 2011-09-29 | 2014-10-21 | Atomic Energy Council | 化學及電化學除污裝置及其方法 |
JP6005425B2 (ja) * | 2012-07-13 | 2016-10-12 | 株式会社東芝 | 放射能汚染物の化学除染方法 |
DE102012023938A1 (de) | 2012-12-06 | 2014-06-12 | Kathrein-Werke Kg | Dualpolarisierte, omnidirektionale Antenne |
DE102013102331B3 (de) | 2013-03-08 | 2014-07-03 | Horst-Otto Bertholdt | Verfahren zum Abbau einer Oxidschicht |
JP6591225B2 (ja) * | 2015-08-03 | 2019-10-16 | 株式会社東芝 | 除染方法 |
DE102016104846B3 (de) * | 2016-03-16 | 2017-08-24 | Areva Gmbh | Verfahren zur Behandlung von Abwasser aus der Dekontamination einer Metalloberfläche, Abwasserbehandlungsvorrichtung und Verwendung der Abwasserbehandlungsvorrichtung |
WO2018149862A1 (de) | 2017-02-14 | 2018-08-23 | Siempelkamp NIS Ingenieurgesellschaft mbH | Verfahren zum abbau einer radionuklidhaltigen oxidschicht |
JP6408053B2 (ja) * | 2017-03-21 | 2018-10-17 | 株式会社東芝 | ニッケル基合金除染方法 |
DE102017115122B4 (de) * | 2017-07-06 | 2019-03-07 | Framatome Gmbh | Verfahren zum Dekontaminieren einer Metalloberfläche in einem Kernkraftwerk |
Family Cites Families (22)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
US4226640A (en) * | 1978-10-26 | 1980-10-07 | Kraftwerk Union Aktiengesellschaft | Method for the chemical decontamination of nuclear reactor components |
DE3161291D1 (en) * | 1980-01-08 | 1983-12-08 | Central Electr Generat Board | Descaling process |
GB2085215A (en) * | 1980-08-11 | 1982-04-21 | Central Electr Generat Board | An application technique for the decontamination of nuclear reactors |
EP0071336B1 (de) * | 1981-06-17 | 1986-03-26 | Central Electricity Generating Board | Verfahren zur chemischen Zersetzung von Oxydniederschlägen |
JPS58213300A (ja) * | 1982-06-04 | 1983-12-12 | 株式会社日立製作所 | 放射性廃棄物の処理方法 |
US4537666A (en) * | 1984-03-01 | 1985-08-27 | Westinghouse Electric Corp. | Decontamination using electrolysis |
SE451915B (sv) * | 1984-03-09 | 1987-11-02 | Studsvik Energiteknik Ab | Forfarande for dekontaminering av tryckvattenreaktorer |
DE3413868A1 (de) * | 1984-04-12 | 1985-10-17 | Kraftwerk Union AG, 4330 Mülheim | Verfahren zur chemischen dekontamination von metallischen bauteilen von kernreaktoranlagen |
DE3578635D1 (de) * | 1984-10-31 | 1990-08-16 | Kraftwerk Union Ag | Verfahren zur chemischen dekontamination von grosskomponenten und systemen aus metallischen werkstoffen von kernreaktoren. |
EP0355628B1 (de) * | 1988-08-24 | 1993-11-10 | Siemens Aktiengesellschaft | Verfahren zur chemischen Dekontamination der Oberfläche eines metallischen Bauteils einer Kernreaktoranlage |
FR2644618B1 (fr) * | 1989-03-14 | 1994-03-25 | Commissariat A Energie Atomique | Procede de decontamination de surfaces metalliques, notamment de parties constitutives d'un reacteur nucleaire a eau sous pression, et solutions de decontamination utilisees dans ce procede |
FR2648946B1 (fr) * | 1989-06-27 | 1994-02-04 | Electricite De France | Procede de dissolution d'oxyde depose sur un substrat metallique et son application a la decontamination |
JPH0695155B2 (ja) * | 1990-03-15 | 1994-11-24 | 動力炉・核燃料開発事業団 | 高放射性廃棄物の処理方法 |
US5078894A (en) * | 1990-04-30 | 1992-01-07 | Arch Development Corporation | Formulations for iron oxides dissolution |
US5135709A (en) * | 1991-05-13 | 1992-08-04 | General Electric Company | Method for reducing corrosion of components exposed to high-temperature water |
DE4117625C2 (de) * | 1991-05-29 | 1997-09-04 | Siemens Ag | Reinigungsverfahren |
FR2699936B1 (fr) * | 1992-12-24 | 1995-01-27 | Electricite De France | Procédé de dissolution d'oxydes déposés sur un substrat métallique. |
US5958247A (en) * | 1994-03-28 | 1999-09-28 | Siemens Aktiengesellschaft | Method for disposing of a solution containing an organic acid |
DE4423398A1 (de) * | 1994-07-04 | 1996-01-11 | Siemens Ag | Verfahren und Einrichtung zum Entsorgen eines Kationenaustauschers |
GB9422539D0 (en) * | 1994-11-04 | 1995-01-04 | British Nuclear Fuels Plc | Decontamination processes |
GB9610647D0 (en) * | 1996-05-21 | 1996-07-31 | British Nuclear Fuels Plc | Decontamination of metal |
US6147274A (en) * | 1996-11-05 | 2000-11-14 | Electric Power Research Insitute | Method for decontamination of nuclear plant components |
-
1998
- 1998-04-27 DE DE19818772A patent/DE19818772C2/de not_active Expired - Fee Related
-
1999
- 1999-04-21 CA CA002329814A patent/CA2329814C/en not_active Expired - Fee Related
- 1999-04-21 BR BRPI9909968-3A patent/BR9909968B1/pt not_active IP Right Cessation
- 1999-04-21 MX MXPA00010614A patent/MXPA00010614A/es active IP Right Grant
- 1999-04-21 KR KR10-2000-7011975A patent/KR100446810B1/ko not_active IP Right Cessation
- 1999-04-21 WO PCT/DE1999/001203 patent/WO1999056286A2/de active IP Right Grant
- 1999-04-21 ES ES99927700T patent/ES2180306T3/es not_active Expired - Lifetime
- 1999-04-21 EP EP99927700A patent/EP1082728B1/de not_active Expired - Lifetime
- 1999-04-21 DE DE59902279T patent/DE59902279D1/de not_active Expired - Lifetime
- 1999-04-21 JP JP2000546371A patent/JP3881515B2/ja not_active Expired - Fee Related
- 1999-04-23 AR ARP990101891A patent/AR016220A1/es active IP Right Grant
- 1999-04-23 TW TW088106490A patent/TW418404B/zh not_active IP Right Cessation
-
2000
- 2000-10-27 US US09/699,320 patent/US6613153B1/en not_active Expired - Lifetime
Non-Patent Citations (1)
Title |
---|
See references of WO9956286A2 * |
Also Published As
Publication number | Publication date |
---|---|
CA2329814A1 (en) | 1999-11-04 |
DE19818772A1 (de) | 1999-11-04 |
JP3881515B2 (ja) | 2007-02-14 |
DE19818772C2 (de) | 2000-05-31 |
DE59902279D1 (de) | 2002-09-12 |
WO1999056286A2 (de) | 1999-11-04 |
US6613153B1 (en) | 2003-09-02 |
WO1999056286A3 (de) | 1999-12-23 |
ES2180306T3 (es) | 2003-02-01 |
EP1082728B1 (de) | 2002-08-07 |
BR9909968B1 (pt) | 2011-04-19 |
JP2002513163A (ja) | 2002-05-08 |
KR20010071186A (ko) | 2001-07-28 |
BR9909968A (pt) | 2000-12-26 |
KR100446810B1 (ko) | 2004-09-01 |
AR016220A1 (es) | 2001-06-20 |
TW418404B (en) | 2001-01-11 |
CA2329814C (en) | 2007-01-09 |
MXPA00010614A (es) | 2002-06-04 |
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