EP1080325A1 - Systeme de combustion en lit fluidise avec production de vapeur - Google Patents

Systeme de combustion en lit fluidise avec production de vapeur

Info

Publication number
EP1080325A1
EP1080325A1 EP99952112A EP99952112A EP1080325A1 EP 1080325 A1 EP1080325 A1 EP 1080325A1 EP 99952112 A EP99952112 A EP 99952112A EP 99952112 A EP99952112 A EP 99952112A EP 1080325 A1 EP1080325 A1 EP 1080325A1
Authority
EP
European Patent Office
Prior art keywords
chamber
fluidized bed
heat exchanger
combustion chamber
combustion
Prior art date
Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
Granted
Application number
EP99952112A
Other languages
German (de)
English (en)
Other versions
EP1080325B1 (fr
Inventor
Peter Gummel
Werner-Friedrich Staab
Current Assignee (The listed assignees may be inaccurate. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation or warranty as to the accuracy of the list.)
MG Technologies AG
Original Assignee
Metallgesellschaft AG
MG Technologies AG
Priority date (The priority date is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the date listed.)
Filing date
Publication date
Priority claimed from DE19822304A external-priority patent/DE19822304C1/de
Application filed by Metallgesellschaft AG, MG Technologies AG filed Critical Metallgesellschaft AG
Publication of EP1080325A1 publication Critical patent/EP1080325A1/fr
Application granted granted Critical
Publication of EP1080325B1 publication Critical patent/EP1080325B1/fr
Anticipated expiration legal-status Critical
Expired - Lifetime legal-status Critical Current

Links

Classifications

    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F22—STEAM GENERATION
    • F22B—METHODS OF STEAM GENERATION; STEAM BOILERS
    • F22B31/00—Modifications of boiler construction, or of tube systems, dependent on installation of combustion apparatus; Arrangements of dispositions of combustion apparatus
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F23—COMBUSTION APPARATUS; COMBUSTION PROCESSES
    • F23C—METHODS OR APPARATUS FOR COMBUSTION USING FLUID FUEL OR SOLID FUEL SUSPENDED IN  A CARRIER GAS OR AIR 
    • F23C10/00—Fluidised bed combustion apparatus
    • F23C10/005—Fluidised bed combustion apparatus comprising two or more beds
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F22—STEAM GENERATION
    • F22B—METHODS OF STEAM GENERATION; STEAM BOILERS
    • F22B31/00—Modifications of boiler construction, or of tube systems, dependent on installation of combustion apparatus; Arrangements of dispositions of combustion apparatus
    • F22B31/0007—Modifications of boiler construction, or of tube systems, dependent on installation of combustion apparatus; Arrangements of dispositions of combustion apparatus with combustion in a fluidized bed
    • F22B31/0084—Modifications of boiler construction, or of tube systems, dependent on installation of combustion apparatus; Arrangements of dispositions of combustion apparatus with combustion in a fluidized bed with recirculation of separated solids or with cooling of the bed particles outside the combustion bed
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F23—COMBUSTION APPARATUS; COMBUSTION PROCESSES
    • F23C—METHODS OR APPARATUS FOR COMBUSTION USING FLUID FUEL OR SOLID FUEL SUSPENDED IN  A CARRIER GAS OR AIR 
    • F23C10/00—Fluidised bed combustion apparatus
    • F23C10/002—Fluidised bed combustion apparatus for pulverulent solid fuel
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F23—COMBUSTION APPARATUS; COMBUSTION PROCESSES
    • F23C—METHODS OR APPARATUS FOR COMBUSTION USING FLUID FUEL OR SOLID FUEL SUSPENDED IN  A CARRIER GAS OR AIR 
    • F23C10/00—Fluidised bed combustion apparatus
    • F23C10/02—Fluidised bed combustion apparatus with means specially adapted for achieving or promoting a circulating movement of particles within the bed or for a recirculation of particles entrained from the bed
    • F23C10/04—Fluidised bed combustion apparatus with means specially adapted for achieving or promoting a circulating movement of particles within the bed or for a recirculation of particles entrained from the bed the particles being circulated to a section, e.g. a heat-exchange section or a return duct, at least partially shielded from the combustion zone, before being reintroduced into the combustion zone
    • F23C10/08—Fluidised bed combustion apparatus with means specially adapted for achieving or promoting a circulating movement of particles within the bed or for a recirculation of particles entrained from the bed the particles being circulated to a section, e.g. a heat-exchange section or a return duct, at least partially shielded from the combustion zone, before being reintroduced into the combustion zone characterised by the arrangement of separation apparatus, e.g. cyclones, for separating particles from the flue gases
    • F23C10/10—Fluidised bed combustion apparatus with means specially adapted for achieving or promoting a circulating movement of particles within the bed or for a recirculation of particles entrained from the bed the particles being circulated to a section, e.g. a heat-exchange section or a return duct, at least partially shielded from the combustion zone, before being reintroduced into the combustion zone characterised by the arrangement of separation apparatus, e.g. cyclones, for separating particles from the flue gases the separation apparatus being located outside the combustion chamber
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F23—COMBUSTION APPARATUS; COMBUSTION PROCESSES
    • F23C—METHODS OR APPARATUS FOR COMBUSTION USING FLUID FUEL OR SOLID FUEL SUSPENDED IN  A CARRIER GAS OR AIR 
    • F23C2206/00—Fluidised bed combustion
    • F23C2206/10—Circulating fluidised bed
    • F23C2206/103—Cooling recirculating particles

Definitions

  • the invention relates to a fluidized bed combustion system with steam generation for burning solid fuels and for generating water vapor.
  • Such systems which are particularly advantageous for smaller outputs, are known, for example, from EP-B-0365723, EP-A-0416238 and DE-A-3107356 and DE-A-4135582.
  • EP-B-0365723, EP-A-0416238 and DE-A-3107356 and DE-A-4135582 are known, for example, from EP-B-0365723, EP-A-0416238 and DE-A-3107356 and DE-A-4135582.
  • only one swirl combustion chamber is assigned to a heat exchanger chamber.
  • the known systems are not advantageous for large plants which generate a large amount of water vapor which is used in the power plant with more than 250 MW (electrical).
  • the invention is based on the object, the fluidized bed combustion system mentioned in a compact design
  • heat exchange elements through which cooling fluid flows are arranged in a heat exchanger chamber with an inner height of at least 10 meters, and the heat exchanger chamber has four vertical outer walls which enclose an approximately rectangular space in horizontal cross section,
  • Vortex combustion chambers is 10 to 60 m and preferably at least 20 m and each vortex combustion chamber has lines for supplying fuel and combustion air and
  • At least one separator for separating solids from a gas stream is connected to the upper region of each vortex combustion chamber and has at least one gas-carrying discharge line which is connected to the heat exchanger chamber.
  • each fluidized bed combustion chamber is assigned at least one fluidized bed cooler, which is located below a separator and is connected to it by a line carrying solids, each fluidized bed cooler with the associated fluidized bed combustion chamber by at least one line carrying solids and / or gas connected is .
  • the system according to the invention can be designed and built as a compact block. At the same time, it is easily possible to arrange one or more blocks next to each other to save space with or without physical separation.
  • Heat exchanger chamber a cost-effective design through short lines for the combustion air fed into the swirl combustion chambers, which is preheated in the heat exchanger chamber or in other suitable devices.
  • Each fluidized-bed combustion chamber can be connected to the associated fluidized-bed cooler to form a static unit, the fluidized-bed cooler being able to be constructed in an upright position or suspended from the fluidized-bed combustion chamber.
  • a particularly space-saving design of the combustion system results from the fact that the distance between the first swirl combustion chamber and the first outer wall and the distance between the second swirl combustion chamber and the second outer wall of the heat exchanger chamber is 0 to 2 m.
  • the furnace system according to the invention is intended for large systems.
  • the cross-sectional area of each of the two vortex combustion chambers, measured horizontally and halfway up the interior of the chamber, will be 50 to 300 m 2 and preferably at least 70 m 2 .
  • the interior of the first and second swirl combustion chambers will be approximately rectangular in horizontal cross section.
  • two or more heat exchanger chambers and at least three swirl combustion chambers can be placed side by side in an alternating arrangement. Further design options are available with the help of
  • FIG. 1 shows a first variant of the combustion system in a schematic representation in longitudinal section, cut along line II in FIG. 2,
  • FIG. 2 shows a cross section along line II-II in FIG. 1
  • FIG. 3 shows a second variant of the combustion system in FIG Fig. 1 analog representation
  • Fig. 4 shows a large system with two heat exchanger chambers in Fig. 2 analog representation.
  • the system in FIGS. 1 and 2 has a central heat exchanger chamber (1) with a rectangular cross section, cf. Fig. 2.
  • the four vertical outer walls of the heat exchanger chamber (1) are provided with the reference numbers (la), (lb), (lc) and (ld).
  • a first vortex combustion chamber (2) adjoins the first outer wall (la).
  • a second swirl combustion chamber (3) is located on the opposite wall (lc).
  • Two separators (5) and (6) are connected to the left vortex combustion chamber (2), the two separators (7) and (8) also belong to the right vortex combustion chamber (3).
  • Each separator has a gas-conducting discharge line (9) which opens into the upper region of the heat exchanger chamber (1), cf. Fig. 1.
  • the number of separators can be chosen arbitrarily, deviating from the drawing. As separators z. B. on ⁇ ich known cyclones or baffles can be used.
  • the solids separated in the separators (5) to (8) pass through a line (11) into a fluidized bed cooler (12) or (12a) known per se. Details of Fluidized bed coolers result, for example, from EP-B-0365723 and DE-A-4135582. If desired, a bypass line (11a) can lead solids separated in the separator directly into the nearest vortex combustion chamber, as is shown in the drawing for the sake of clarity only together with the chamber (3). If fluidized bed coolers (12) and (12a) are completely dispensed with, the solid materials coming from the separators are fed into the fluidized bed combustion chambers via bypass lines of this type.
  • Each fluidized bed cooler is provided with at least one line (13) for the supply of fluidizing gas, e.g. B. air, au ⁇ ge ⁇ tattet, it has cooling elements (14) and a trigger (15) for cooled solids.
  • fluidizing gas e.g. B. air, au ⁇ ge ⁇ tattet
  • Some of the cooled solid materials are led together with gas through the channel (16) into the vortex combustion chamber (2).
  • a variant is shown together with the heat exchanger (12a) and the vortex combustion chamber (3), where the line (16) leads cooled solid materials and the line (17) leads heated fluidization gas into the chamber (3).
  • Solid, granular fuels are fed to the chambers (2) and (3) through the lines (18) and oxygen-containing fluidizing gas, e.g. B. air, is introduced in line (19), first enters a distribution chamber (20) and then flows through a grate (21) upwards in the chamber (2). Further supply points for gases and solid substances are easily possible.
  • Particularly suitable fuels are anthracite coal, hard coal, lignite, wood or oil shale.
  • solid fuel e.g. B. refinery residues or various types of waste.
  • the Combustion temperatures in the vortex combustion chambers (2) and (3) are in the range from 700 to 950 ° C.
  • a hot gas / sol-suspension leaves the swirl combustion chamber (2) or (3) in the upper region through an opening (23) and reaches the associated separator, in which the solids are largely separated.
  • the hot gases leave the separator through line (9) and are cooled in the heat exchanger chamber (1).
  • the chamber (1) is equipped with numerous heat exchange elements (24) for indirect cooling of the hot gas, which are shown only schematically in the drawing.
  • the elements (24) serve, on the one hand, to generate water vapor from Ke ⁇ el ⁇ pei ⁇ ewa ⁇ er, high pressure steam with a pressure in the range of 70 to 350 bar and medium pressure steam with a pressure of 20 to 80 bar can be generated simultaneously or alternatively.
  • One or more of the elements (24) can also be used for air preheating, which is then led as combustion air into one of the swirl combustion chambers (2) or (3).
  • the plant is intended for large throughputs, and accordingly the individual parts of the plant have large dimensions.
  • the cross-sectional area of the interior of the heat exchanger chamber (1), measured horizontally at half the height of the chamber (1), is in the range from 150 to 500 m.
  • the inner horizontal cross-sectional area, measured halfway above the grate (21), is 50 to 300 m.
  • the height of a chamber (2) or (3), measured above the grate (21), is in the range from 20 to 60 m.
  • the horizontal width (a) of the common walls (la) and (lc), cf. 2, is 10 to 40 m.
  • a power plant with an electrical output of 200 MW or more can be connected to the combustion system.
  • all hot walls can be designed as membrane tube walls through which cooling fluid flows. Chilled gas that the
  • FIGS. 1 and 2 has a central heat exchanger chamber (1), two vortex combustion chambers (2) and (3) and separators (5) and (7).
  • the lines (23a) connect the vortex combustion chambers (2) and (3) to the separators (5) and (7).
  • the same reference numerals as m in Figures 1 and 2 have the meaning given there. 3 are wedge-shaped at the bottom.
  • Vortex combustion chambers are supplemented, whereby the overall arrangement in horizontal section results in a cross, L or T shape--

Landscapes

  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
  • Combustion & Propulsion (AREA)
  • Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
  • General Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
  • Thermal Sciences (AREA)
  • Fluidized-Bed Combustion And Resonant Combustion (AREA)
  • Devices And Processes Conducted In The Presence Of Fluids And Solid Particles (AREA)
  • Heat-Exchange Devices With Radiators And Conduit Assemblies (AREA)
  • Combustion Of Fluid Fuel (AREA)

Abstract

L'invention concerne un système de combustion en lit fluidisé pour une installation industrielle, fonctionnant au moins en partie avec un combustible solide. Cette installation comporte une chambre d'échange de chaleur (1) présentant une hauteur intérieure d'au moins 10 m. Cette chambre possède quatre parois extérieures verticales qui entourent une zone pratiquement rectangulaire en section horizontale. Une chambre de combustion à turbulence (2, 3), dont la hauteur intérieure est comprise entre 10 et 60 m, est placée respectivement devant une première paroi extérieure (1a) de la chambre d'échange de chaleur (1) et devant une deuxième paroi extérieure (1c) opposée à la première paroi extérieure (1a). Chacune des deux chambres de combustion à turbulence (2, 3) présente des conduites pour acheminer le combustible et l'air de combustion. Au moins un séparateur (5, 7) servant à séparer des matières solides contenues dans un flux gazeux est raccordé à la zone supérieure de chaque chambre de combustion à turbulence (2, 3) et présente une conduite d'évacuation de gaz (9) qui est raccordée à la zone supérieure de la chambre d'échange de chaleur (1).
EP99952112A 1998-05-18 1999-05-17 Systeme de combustion en lit fluidise avec production de vapeur Expired - Lifetime EP1080325B1 (fr)

Applications Claiming Priority (5)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
DE19822304 1998-05-18
DE19822304A DE19822304C1 (de) 1998-05-18 1998-05-18 Wirbelschicht-Feuerungssystem mit Dampferzeugung
DE19834881A DE19834881B4 (de) 1998-05-18 1998-08-01 Wirbelschicht-Feuerungssystem mit Dampferzeugung
DE19834881 1998-08-01
PCT/EP1999/003376 WO1999060305A1 (fr) 1998-05-18 1999-05-17 Systeme de combustion en lit fluidise avec production de vapeur

Publications (2)

Publication Number Publication Date
EP1080325A1 true EP1080325A1 (fr) 2001-03-07
EP1080325B1 EP1080325B1 (fr) 2001-11-14

Family

ID=26046270

Family Applications (1)

Application Number Title Priority Date Filing Date
EP99952112A Expired - Lifetime EP1080325B1 (fr) 1998-05-18 1999-05-17 Systeme de combustion en lit fluidise avec production de vapeur

Country Status (23)

Country Link
US (1) US6481385B1 (fr)
EP (1) EP1080325B1 (fr)
JP (1) JP2002515580A (fr)
KR (1) KR100604347B1 (fr)
AT (1) ATE208877T1 (fr)
AU (1) AU746774B2 (fr)
BR (1) BR9910604A (fr)
CA (1) CA2332516C (fr)
CO (1) CO4870738A1 (fr)
CZ (1) CZ290860B6 (fr)
DE (2) DE19834881B4 (fr)
DK (1) DK1080325T3 (fr)
EA (1) EA002507B1 (fr)
EE (1) EE04288B1 (fr)
ES (1) ES2168022T3 (fr)
HU (1) HU225365B1 (fr)
MA (1) MA24861A1 (fr)
PL (1) PL192416B1 (fr)
RO (1) RO119163B1 (fr)
SI (1) SI20342A (fr)
TR (1) TR200003392T2 (fr)
UA (1) UA53796C2 (fr)
WO (1) WO1999060305A1 (fr)

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Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US6908298B1 (en) * 2001-10-30 2005-06-21 Owen W. Dykema Air-fuel injection system for stable combustion
EP1308671A1 (fr) * 2001-10-30 2003-05-07 Alstom (Switzerland) Ltd Installation de combustion à lit fluidisé circulant
PL1910741T3 (pl) * 2005-08-01 2018-04-30 General Electric Technology Gmbh Reaktor modułowy ze złożem fluidalnym
US8028533B2 (en) * 2007-11-28 2011-10-04 E & J Enterprises, Llc Defrost indicator
FI124762B (fi) * 2009-04-09 2015-01-15 Foster Wheeler Energia Oy Kiertoleijupetikattila
KR200459676Y1 (ko) * 2009-06-09 2012-04-06 이승규 다중 연소실을 가진 난로
CN103363516B (zh) * 2013-08-01 2015-10-28 东方电气集团东方锅炉股份有限公司 一种带二次再热的循环流化床锅炉
CN104807002B (zh) * 2015-04-03 2017-03-08 东方电气集团东方锅炉股份有限公司 一种循环流化床锅炉富氧燃烧干法脱硫系统及方法
CN105157021B (zh) * 2015-09-15 2018-04-10 清华大学 一种双炉膛超临界大型循环流化床锅炉
CN107980090B (zh) * 2016-08-25 2020-04-07 斗山能捷斯有限责任公司 循环流化床设备
CN112555863A (zh) * 2021-01-14 2021-03-26 新乡工神锅炉有限公司 一种具有消除二噁英方形旋转风分离器的垃圾焚烧炉

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US4240377A (en) * 1978-01-19 1980-12-23 Johnson William B Fluidized-bed compact boiler and method of operation
DE3107356A1 (de) * 1981-02-27 1982-09-16 L. & C. Steinmüller GmbH, 5270 Gummersbach Verfahren zum betrieb eines dampferzeugers mit wirbelschichtfeuerung
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Also Published As

Publication number Publication date
UA53796C2 (uk) 2003-02-17
PL344241A1 (en) 2001-10-08
DE19834881B4 (de) 2007-06-21
CZ20004284A3 (cs) 2001-11-14
HU225365B1 (en) 2006-10-28
US6481385B1 (en) 2002-11-19
ES2168022T3 (es) 2002-05-16
MA24861A1 (fr) 1999-12-31
AU4262999A (en) 1999-12-06
EP1080325B1 (fr) 2001-11-14
ATE208877T1 (de) 2001-11-15
DE19834881A1 (de) 2000-03-09
CA2332516A1 (fr) 1999-11-25
KR20010043702A (ko) 2001-05-25
KR100604347B1 (ko) 2006-07-25
CZ290860B6 (cs) 2002-10-16
DE59900444D1 (de) 2001-12-20
EA002507B1 (ru) 2002-06-27
JP2002515580A (ja) 2002-05-28
BR9910604A (pt) 2001-01-16
RO119163B1 (ro) 2004-04-30
CO4870738A1 (es) 1999-12-27
DK1080325T3 (da) 2002-02-11
WO1999060305A1 (fr) 1999-11-25
CA2332516C (fr) 2005-07-12
SI20342A (sl) 2001-02-28
EE200000679A (et) 2002-04-15
HUP0101897A2 (hu) 2001-11-28
EA200001196A1 (ru) 2001-06-25
TR200003392T2 (tr) 2001-02-21
EE04288B1 (et) 2004-04-15
PL192416B1 (pl) 2006-10-31
AU746774B2 (en) 2002-05-02
HUP0101897A3 (en) 2001-12-28

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