Classifications

• • A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
  • A61—MEDICAL OR VETERINARY SCIENCE; HYGIENE
  • A61K—PREPARATIONS FOR MEDICAL, DENTAL OR TOILETRY PURPOSES
  • A61K38/00—Medicinal preparations containing peptides
  • A61K38/16—Peptides having more than 20 amino acids; Gastrins; Somatostatins; Melanotropins; Derivatives thereof
  • A61K38/17—Peptides having more than 20 amino acids; Gastrins; Somatostatins; Melanotropins; Derivatives thereof from animals; from humans
  • A61K38/19—Cytokines; Lymphokines; Interferons
  • A61K38/193—Colony stimulating factors [CSF]
• • A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
  • A61—MEDICAL OR VETERINARY SCIENCE; HYGIENE
  • A61K—PREPARATIONS FOR MEDICAL, DENTAL OR TOILETRY PURPOSES
  • A61K9/00—Medicinal preparations characterised by special physical form
  • A61K9/14—Particulate form, e.g. powders, Processes for size reducing of pure drugs or the resulting products, Pure drug nanoparticles
  • A61K9/19—Particulate form, e.g. powders, Processes for size reducing of pure drugs or the resulting products, Pure drug nanoparticles lyophilised, i.e. freeze-dried, solutions or dispersions
• • A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
  • A61—MEDICAL OR VETERINARY SCIENCE; HYGIENE
  • A61K—PREPARATIONS FOR MEDICAL, DENTAL OR TOILETRY PURPOSES
  • A61K38/00—Medicinal preparations containing peptides
  • A61K38/16—Peptides having more than 20 amino acids; Gastrins; Somatostatins; Melanotropins; Derivatives thereof
  • A61K38/17—Peptides having more than 20 amino acids; Gastrins; Somatostatins; Melanotropins; Derivatives thereof from animals; from humans
  • A61K38/18—Growth factors; Growth regulators
  • A61K38/185—Nerve growth factor [NGF]; Brain derived neurotrophic factor [BDNF]; Ciliary neurotrophic factor [CNTF]; Glial derived neurotrophic factor [GDNF]; Neurotrophins, e.g. NT-3
• • A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
  • A61—MEDICAL OR VETERINARY SCIENCE; HYGIENE
  • A61K—PREPARATIONS FOR MEDICAL, DENTAL OR TOILETRY PURPOSES
  • A61K38/00—Medicinal preparations containing peptides
  • A61K38/16—Peptides having more than 20 amino acids; Gastrins; Somatostatins; Melanotropins; Derivatives thereof
  • A61K38/17—Peptides having more than 20 amino acids; Gastrins; Somatostatins; Melanotropins; Derivatives thereof from animals; from humans
  • A61K38/22—Hormones
  • A61K38/2242—Atrial natriuretic factor complex: Atriopeptins, atrial natriuretic protein [ANP]; Cardionatrin, Cardiodilatin

Definitions

• the invention relates to stable lyophilized compositions for pharmaceutical or diagnostic purposes which contain a protein, a peptide, a nucleic acid or a polysaccharide, the auxiliaries being selected such that the lyophilisates are in amorphous or partially amorphous form
• an essential function of the auxiliaries is to create a stabilizing amorphous environment for the biopolymer, which solidifies in the glass state on further cooling. The transition occurs suddenly within a very narrow temperature interval and can be characterized by the glass temperature Tg ' Below this temperature, the molecular mobility and thus also the reactivity is greatly reduced. In a formulation that is well suited for freeze-drying, Tg 'is as high as possible, typically above -40 ° C. The presence of amorphous structures can be determined, for example, by differential scanning calorimetry (DSC) X-ray diffraction studies or by optical and electron microscopic examinations
• auxiliaries which do not crystallize, or at most partially, crystallize out during freezing.
• auxiliaries which protect the biomolecule during the introduction process are also referred to as 'cryoprotectants'.
• the auxiliaries maintain the glass state in which the polymer is embedded.
• free valences for hydrogen bonds are also created by the removal of water molecules in the biopolymer. This increases the reactivity of the biopolymer by adding suitable stabilizing additives the formation of hydrogen bridges to create an environment for water replacement for the biopolymer.
• the term 'lyoprotectants' was coined for this purpose
• the upper limit for the temperature load during storage is determined by the glass transition temperature Tg, above which the molecular mobility increases significantly.
• the water in the lyophilisate lowers Tg, in a good recipe the residual moisture after freeze-drying is less than 3%. In the course of longer storage, however, it can increase slightly. In order to have a sufficient safety margin, the storage temperature of the lyophilisate in the glass state should be a maximum of 20 ° C below from Tg.
• WO 93/00807 describes a two-component system consisting of a cryoprotectant (such as polyethylene glycol, PVP or starch) and a lyoprotectant (such as sugar, polyhydroxy alcohol or amino acid) for stabilization during the lyophilization
• a cryoprotectant such as polyethylene glycol, PVP or starch
• a lyoprotectant such as sugar, polyhydroxy alcohol or amino acid
• protective proteins such as serum albumin can be disadvantageous after injection, since they can cause the formation of antibodies, which impairs the use for parenteral preparations. Furthermore, differences in the raw material batches of the protective proteins can lead to uncertainties, since this increases the process capability and the Quality of the resulting product batches can be adversely affected
• polysaccharides used as auxiliaries can also have a pyrogenic effect in the bloodstream.
• polysaccharides have the disadvantage that they often require swelling, so that they rapidly form a when reconstituting a lyophilizate hinder clear solution
• the material usually consists of a fraction with different chain lengths, which complicates the batch consistency.
• PVP polyvinylpyrrolidone
• Reducing sugars such as glucose or maltose can cause radical or redox reactions, but also form Amadori products with primary amino groups (e.g. in proteins).
• the preparation can turn brown due to the Maillard reaction.
• Non-reducing di- or trisaccharides can hydrolyze, whereby on the one hand can form reducing sugars, on the other hand the physical properties of the excipient matrix may be impaired.
• Sugar alcohols such as mannitol are known to catalyze hydrolysis reactions in the presence of acetate, for example.
• the present invention therefore relates to lyophilized preparations comprising a) biomolecules selected from the group consisting of proteins, peptides, nucleic acids and carbohydrates and b) one or more basic D- or L-amino acids and c) one or more aminodicarboxylic acids, hydroxycarboxylic acids, hydroxydicarboxylic acids or dicarbonaurs, or their physiologically acceptable salts, the auxiliaries in the lyophilisate being at least partially present in amorphous form.
• one or more neutral amino acids can optionally also be added.
• the selection of the excipients means that the excipients in the lyophilisates are either completely amorphous or at least in a partially amorphous modification. In contrast to crystalline compositions, such lyophilisates have a glass transition temperature (Tg) which is above the desired storage temperature.
• Suitable combinations of auxiliaries Mixtures containing at least one substance each from groups (A) and (B), where (A) is a basic D- or L-amino acid, and (B) an aminodicarboxylic acid, especially an acidic D- or L-amino acid, Is aminocarboxylic acid, monocarboxylic acid, dicarboxylic acid or hydroxydicarboxylic acid, or their physiologically tolerable salts.
• Mixtures of this type are suitable as glass formers in the lyophilization of biomolecules and have the advantage that the lyophilisates prepared in this way are stable over a longer period of time, depending on the sensitivity of the biomolecule used, preferably for at least one year, in particular 1-2 years at refrigerator temperature or room temperature .
• This makes it possible to reduce or completely avoid the less suitable groups of substances mentioned above, so that the disadvantages when using the groups of substances mentioned in the production of pharmaceutical dosage forms can be largely avoided.
• Another advantage of the lyophilisates produced according to the invention is a great reduction in drying times, in particular when using a hydrophobic amino acid of less than 30 hours, preferably less than 24 hours, in particular less than 15 hours.
• the lyophilisates can be prepared by drying overnight.
• Pharmaceutically stable lyophilisates can be obtained if the pair of the basic amino acid and the counterion necessary for pH adjustment is selected so that a lyophilization matrix is at least partially amorphous and has a glass transition temperature of more than 50 ° C. preferably more than 65 ° C., in particular more than 80 ° C.
• the frozen solution has a glass transition temperature of more than -40 ° C.
• Lyophilisates with a stable glass state were obtained especially when aminodicarbonaurs (e.g. acidic D- or L-amino acids) or he dicarboxylic acids can optionally be used to fine-tune the pH in the range 5-7 when using a basic amino acid phosphoric acid in concentrations less than 5 mM
• aminodicarbonaurs e.g. acidic D- or L-amino acids
• he dicarboxylic acids can optionally be used to fine-tune the pH in the range 5-7 when using a basic amino acid phosphoric acid in concentrations less than 5 mM
• the dosage forms according to the invention have the further advantage that the glass transition temperature and the appearance of the lyophilisate cake have been further improved, in particular if a neutral amino acid has additionally been added, even if it partially crystallizes out.
• the amount can be varied within wide limits (5 - 50% of the total amount of excipients)
• the dosage forms according to the invention have the advantage that they are stable in storage at room temperature over a long period of time. This ensures safe use as a medicament even when the cooling chain is interrupted Suitable additives or auxiliaries in the sense of the present invention are a preferred embodiment of a combination of a basic, an acidic and at least one neutral amino acid. These combinations are physiologically well tolerated, have good freeze-drying properties and also improve the thermal stability of lyophilized biopolymers dissolving the lyophilizate with water quickly leads to a clear solution
• the basic amino acids are all physiologically compatible amino acids with a basic side group, for example histidine, lysine, arginine, ornithine or citrulline.
• the neutral amino acids are the physiologically compatible amino acids with hydrophobic or hydrophilic side groups, for example phenylalanine, Glycine, leucine or isoleucm Suitable acids are aminodicarboxylic acids, hydroxycarboxylic acids, hydroxydicarboxylic acids, dicarboxylic acids or their physiologically acceptable salts, for example aspartic or glutamic acid. If these acids have a chiral center, the racemates or the optically active derivatives can be used
• the amount of additives according to the invention are preferably selected such that the weight ratio of the acids mentioned in group c) (aminodicarboxylic acids, hydroxycarboxylic acids or dicarboxylic acids) to the basic D- or L-amino acids of group a) in the lyophilisate in the range from 0.01 1 to 2 1 amounts A range from 0.1 1 to 1 1, in particular approximately 0.5 1, is particularly advantageous
• peptides or proteins are suitable as active ingredients for producing the pharmaceutical dosage forms according to the invention, such as, for example, immunomodulators, lymphokines, monokines, cytokines, enzymes, antibodies, growth factors, growth-inhibiting factors, blood proteins, hormones, vaccines, blood coagulation factors , and corresponding precursor proteins, muteins or fragments thereof.
• the peptides or proteins have a molecular weight of 0 5 - 500 kD, preferably 2 0-200 kD.
• ANP atrial naturetic factor
• urodilatin or ularitide see also WO 88/06596, WO 95/33768
• cardiodilatin see also WO 85/02850
• BNP brain natural peptides
• auriculin interferons
• Colony stimulating factors interleukins (IL-1, IL-1 ⁇ , IL-1 ⁇ , IL-2, IL-3, IL-4, etc) macrophage activating factors
• B-cell factors urokinase
• plasminogen activators TNF, NGF , Erythropoietin, EGF, hGH, BMP (bone morphogenic proteins), calcitonin, insulin or relaxin
• Nucleic acids such as plasmids, DNA fragments or RNA strands are also suitable for the dosage form according to the invention.
• lyophilized pharmaceutical dosage forms according to the invention are particularly suitable for parenteral administration in liquid form
• the pH of the solution is adjusted to pH 7.4 using H, PO 4
• the pH of the solution is adjusted to pH 7.4 with NaOH
• the pH of the solution is adjusted to pH 7.4 with NaOH.
• 1 g of L-valine and 2 g of glycine were dissolved in 70 ml of water, 100 ⁇ l of Tween 80 (as a 10% aqueous solution) were added and the mixture was stirred for 20 minutes pH adjusted to 7.0 by adding NaOH.
• 30 mg (15 kU) of LDH from pig muscle, dissolved in 20 ml of 20 mM phosphate buffer) were pipetted into this solution and the mixture was stirred for 5 minutes.
• the pH was checked and the volume to 100 ml Filled with this solution, after filling into vials, a lyophilizate was prepared as in Example 1. This recipe is also fully crystalline. No amorphous structures can be detected
• the pH of the solution is adjusted to pH 7.4 using H 3 PO 4
• Example 6 Lyophilisates were prepared analogously to formulation 4, but arginine was replaced by the same molar amount of other basic aminocarboxylic acids.
• the enzyme activity of LDH in the lyophilisate was determined after 5 weeks after storage at room temperature (RT)
• the pH of the solution is adjusted to pH 6.3 using acid (s u)
• the pH of the solution is adjusted to pH 6.0 with H 3 PO 4 .
• the pH of the solution is adjusted to 6.0 with citric acid
• Lyophilisates with the active ingredient ularitide were produced according to the procedure of Example 7 with the following composition per vial
• Examples 8 and 9 show that the acids often used in buffer systems lead to flocculation in certain peptides. This was not observed in the acids used in the recipes according to the invention (preferably aspartic acid and glutamic acid)
• Lyophilisates with the active ingredient ularitide were produced according to the procedure of Example 7 with the following composition per vial
• formulations according to the invention show no critical increase in the number of particles after storage at elevated temperature
• Example 15 Lyophilisates of the following recipes were produced with the rhNGF protein:
• the program for lyophilization was greatly shortened compared to the usual programs in total 15 hours instead of usually 40-50 hours.
• the residual moisture in the lyophilisate was then determined in two independent determinations

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• Health & Medical Sciences (AREA)
• Life Sciences & Earth Sciences (AREA)
• Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
• Medicinal Chemistry (AREA)
• Veterinary Medicine (AREA)
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• General Health & Medical Sciences (AREA)
• Animal Behavior & Ethology (AREA)
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• Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
• Bioinformatics & Cheminformatics (AREA)
• Pharmacology & Pharmacy (AREA)
• Zoology (AREA)
• Immunology (AREA)
• Proteomics, Peptides & Aminoacids (AREA)
• Gastroenterology & Hepatology (AREA)
• Psychology (AREA)
• Neurology (AREA)
• Biomedical Technology (AREA)
• Neurosurgery (AREA)
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• Molecular Biology (AREA)
• Endocrinology (AREA)
• Medicines That Contain Protein Lipid Enzymes And Other Medicines (AREA)
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• 1997
  • 1997-04-18 DE DE19716154A patent/DE19716154A1/de not_active Withdrawn
• 1998
  • 1998-04-11 KR KR1019997009652A patent/KR20010006562A/ko not_active Application Discontinuation
  • 1998-04-11 WO PCT/EP1998/002131 patent/WO1998047490A1/de not_active Application Discontinuation
  • 1998-04-11 EP EP98925470A patent/EP0975335A1/de not_active Withdrawn
  • 1998-04-11 BR BR9809103-4A patent/BR9809103A/pt not_active IP Right Cessation
  • 1998-04-11 CN CN98806448A patent/CN1261271A/zh active Pending
  • 1998-04-11 TR TR1999/02575T patent/TR199902575T2/xx unknown
  • 1998-04-11 CA CA002288649A patent/CA2288649A1/en not_active Abandoned
  • 1998-04-11 AU AU77585/98A patent/AU744777B2/en not_active Ceased
  • 1998-04-11 JP JP54494698A patent/JP2001524090A/ja active Pending

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