Classifications

• • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
  • F27—FURNACES; KILNS; OVENS; RETORTS
  • F27B—FURNACES, KILNS, OVENS, OR RETORTS IN GENERAL; OPEN SINTERING OR LIKE APPARATUS
  • F27B1/00—Shaft or like vertical or substantially vertical furnaces
  • F27B1/10—Details, accessories, or equipment peculiar to furnaces of these types
  • F27B1/21—Arrangements of devices for discharging
• • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
  • B65—CONVEYING; PACKING; STORING; HANDLING THIN OR FILAMENTARY MATERIAL
  • B65G—TRANSPORT OR STORAGE DEVICES, e.g. CONVEYORS FOR LOADING OR TIPPING, SHOP CONVEYOR SYSTEMS OR PNEUMATIC TUBE CONVEYORS
  • B65G65/00—Loading or unloading
  • B65G65/30—Methods or devices for filling or emptying bunkers, hoppers, tanks, or like containers, of interest apart from their use in particular chemical or physical processes or their application in particular machines, e.g. not covered by a single other subclass
  • B65G65/34—Emptying devices
  • B65G65/40—Devices for emptying otherwise than from the top
  • B65G65/46—Devices for emptying otherwise than from the top using screw conveyors
• • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
  • C21—METALLURGY OF IRON
  • C21B—MANUFACTURE OF IRON OR STEEL
  • C21B13/00—Making spongy iron or liquid steel, by direct processes
  • C21B13/02—Making spongy iron or liquid steel, by direct processes in shaft furnaces
• • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
  • F27—FURNACES; KILNS; OVENS; RETORTS
  • F27B—FURNACES, KILNS, OVENS, OR RETORTS IN GENERAL; OPEN SINTERING OR LIKE APPARATUS
  • F27B1/00—Shaft or like vertical or substantially vertical furnaces
  • F27B1/10—Details, accessories, or equipment peculiar to furnaces of these types
  • F27B1/20—Arrangements of devices for charging
• • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
  • F27—FURNACES; KILNS; OVENS; RETORTS
  • F27D—DETAILS OR ACCESSORIES OF FURNACES, KILNS, OVENS, OR RETORTS, IN SO FAR AS THEY ARE OF KINDS OCCURRING IN MORE THAN ONE KIND OF FURNACE
  • F27D3/00—Charging; Discharging; Manipulation of charge
  • F27D3/0033—Charging; Discharging; Manipulation of charge charging of particulate material

Definitions

• the invention relates to a device for discharging or mixing lumpy material, in particular partially or completely reduced iron ore in and out of a shaft furnace, preferably a direct reduction shaft furnace, which has a hollow body which is open at the bottom and / or at least on one side for discharging the reaction material, wherein snails are arranged in a star shape in the hollow body
• EP-B 166 679 describes screws for moving solid particles in a shaft furnace and for discharging them. These are radially arranged, cantilevered screws which are of equal length and have a cylindrical cross section. The blind spots are minimized by wedge-shaped fittings between the screws. A disadvantage of this arrangement is the fact that the built-in area reduces the area of the blind spot, also known as the “dead man”, but the active volume is also retained
• EP-B 85 290 describes arrangements of short conical screws, which are both in a conical installation located in the middle, which also serves as a debris cone, and are mounted on the circumference.
• the arrangement, as cited in patent EP-B 166 679, is radial as diagonally opposite and offset by the same angle
• CH-A 376 134 describes a process for reducing iron ore to iron, the bulk material being required by diametrically positioned screws.
• the screws have a constant pitch and screw height and sit on cylindrical shafts, which are supported on both sides
• the object of the invention is to avoid the areas without movement and to minimize the areas of reduced movement, the active volume of the moving shaft material should be a maximum.
• the active volume is to be understood as the area of a shaft furnace into which the desired gas / solids - reactions continue
• the invention is characterized in that the screws have shafts of different lengths, the diametrically opposite shafts preferably being of the same length and / or a screw being designed as a continuous screw.
• the central areas of the withdrawal zone can also be activated.
• the area of the reaction space in which the reduction processes take place a largely flat-covering continuous mixing and lowering of the bulk material can be achieved
• the areas of the "dead man" can be extremely reduced, especially because at relatively close distances from active snails, there is hardly any unsteady debris from the solid
• the active area can be extended to the peripheral edges.
• the discharge of the product can be summarized via a downpipe. This measure allows the downpipes to be arranged can also be better adapted to the geometry of the melter gasifier connected to it.
• the behavior of both the movement and the discharge of the solids can be adapted by the design of the screws so that both the extraction rates and the characteristic
• the mixing can also be influenced. Above all, however, the discharge behavior of the solid bed can also be influenced
• the screws are arranged in two or more planes. As a result, the fill in the lower part of the furnace can be moved better
• the opposite long shafts are self-centering and / or engaging.
• the screw surfaces of the screws start at the free end of the shaft. This ensures that the core zone is both optimally mixed and that the reaction product is constantly discharged.
• the shafts of the screws are designed to taper towards the center.
• the screw surfaces of the screws have a constant pitch.
• the screw surfaces of the screws have a different pitch due to the method. Due to the non-linear slope of the screw surfaces of the screws, the reaction behavior of the melter gasifier and the fluid behavior of the reaction material can be taken into account. Due to the mathematically modeled design of the delivery characteristics, the reaction material in the shaft and the reaction behavior of the reaction gas can be taken into account.
• coupled motors are provided for driving the shafts.
• the screws can be flexibly adapted to the process and the screws can move with their own drive during installation and removal.
• the short and long shafts have the same speed. If a system with minimal investment is required, an uncontrolled operation of the motors is preferable. The consequence of this is the approximately the same speed of the shafts, but the control effort is eliminated.
• the speeds of the individual shafts are regulated according to the conveying characteristics of the process. Due to the regulated operation of the shafts, the energetic and process-related th requirements of the reaction zone of the melting gasifier are taken into account
• the shafts are arranged to be axially movable.
• the shafts can be both easily installed and removed.
• the fluid behavior can be decisively influenced by changing the immersion depth of the waves.
• the blades forming the screw surface have a shape that is modeled according to the conveying characteristic of the process. With this modeled configuration of the blades, the caking behavior of the solid bed and the formation of the reaction zone can be taken into account
• the screw surfaces of the screw bodies of the screws have a shape that is predetermined by the demand characteristics of the process. This adaptation enables an optimization to be made between the reactivity of the starting materials and the geometric conditions of the reduction shaft.
• FIG. 1 shows eight screws of different lengths in a shaft furnace
• FIG. 2 shows six screws of different lengths in a shaft furnace
• FIG. 3 shows the combination of two screws of different lengths
• FIG. 4 shows the arrangement of two continuous shafts in a shaft furnace
• Fig. 5 the supervision of the arrangement of two continuous shafts in a shaft furnace
• Fig. 6 the combination of one continuous with six flying screws
• Fig. 7 likewise with four flying screws
• Fig. 8 the self-centering and latching Execution of a continuous screw
• Fig. 9 shows the cross section of this connection
• Fig. 10 shows a self-centering version of a continuous screw
• Fig. 11 shows the section through the connection again.
• FIG. 2 shows a combination example of two different lengths of flying screws 2, which are arranged in a hexagonal star shape in the shaft furnace 1. With this combination, the areas of the furnace near the edge are mixed less well, or the material to be discharged is not drawn off quite as uniformly as in FIG. 1.
• a combination example of two different lengths of flying snail 2 is shown as an exemplary embodiment, but which are arranged octagonally in a star shape.
• the area of the shaft furnace 1 near the edge is moved better than is the case in FIG. 2.
• Fig. 5 shows the floor plan of the arrangement of Fig. 4 wherein in the first level of the continuous screw 3, four short and equally long flying screws 2 ensure the optimal movement of the material in this plane.
• Fig. 7 shows six flying snails 3 in one plane with a continuous shaft.
• FIG. 8 shows the fit of the two shaft halves of a continuous worm 3, this fit being designed in a toothed manner for the purpose of centering and intermeshing.
• the shaft half has the advantage that, when it is drilled into the bed of a shaft that has not been emptied, it meets with the shaft half that bores in on the opposite side in a central and toothed manner.
• Fig. 9 shows the section through this toothed, self-centering connection of the shaft halves of a continuous screw. 10 shows the cut cross section of the longitudinal view of a centering connection of shaft halves of continuous screws 3.
• FIG. 11 is the section through the centering fit of the shaft halves of a continuous worm 3.

Landscapes

• Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
• Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
• General Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
• Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
• Metallurgy (AREA)
• Materials Engineering (AREA)
• Manufacturing & Machinery (AREA)
• Organic Chemistry (AREA)
• Furnace Charging Or Discharging (AREA)
• Mixers Of The Rotary Stirring Type (AREA)
• Screw Conveyors (AREA)
• Filling Or Emptying Of Bunkers, Hoppers, And Tanks (AREA)
• Manufacture Of Iron (AREA)
• Vertical, Hearth, Or Arc Furnaces (AREA)
• Glanulating (AREA)

Applications Claiming Priority (3)

Publications (1)

Family

ID=3525161

Family Applications (1)

Country Status (15)

Families Citing this family (5)

Family Cites Families (10)

• 1996
  • 1996-11-12 AT AT0197796A patent/AT406299B/de not_active IP Right Cessation
• 1997
  • 1997-11-07 EP EP97911047A patent/EP0946849A1/de not_active Ceased
  • 1997-11-07 WO PCT/AT1997/000243 patent/WO1998021537A1/de not_active Application Discontinuation
  • 1997-11-07 AU AU48559/97A patent/AU715697B2/en not_active Ceased
  • 1997-11-07 ID IDW990311A patent/ID21347A/id unknown
  • 1997-11-07 CA CA002271435A patent/CA2271435A1/en not_active Abandoned
  • 1997-11-07 SK SK584-99A patent/SK58499A3/sk unknown
  • 1997-11-07 CN CN97181350A patent/CN1244911A/zh active Pending
  • 1997-11-07 TR TR1999/01020T patent/TR199901020T2/xx unknown
  • 1997-11-07 BR BR9713015-0A patent/BR9713015A/pt not_active Application Discontinuation
  • 1997-11-07 JP JP52194098A patent/JP2001503477A/ja active Pending
  • 1997-11-07 KR KR1019990704160A patent/KR20000053194A/ko not_active Application Discontinuation
  • 1997-11-10 DE DE19750773A patent/DE19750773C2/de not_active Expired - Fee Related
  • 1997-11-12 ZA ZA9710200A patent/ZA9710200B/xx unknown
• 1998
  • 1998-03-23 TW TW087104283A patent/TW428029B/zh active

Non-Patent Citations (1)

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