EP0899354B1 - Revêtement d'un alliage al-si hyper-eutectique respectivement un al-si composite - Google Patents

Revêtement d'un alliage al-si hyper-eutectique respectivement un al-si composite Download PDF

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Publication number
EP0899354B1
EP0899354B1 EP98113379A EP98113379A EP0899354B1 EP 0899354 B1 EP0899354 B1 EP 0899354B1 EP 98113379 A EP98113379 A EP 98113379A EP 98113379 A EP98113379 A EP 98113379A EP 0899354 B1 EP0899354 B1 EP 0899354B1
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EP
European Patent Office
Prior art keywords
silicon
particles
alloy
maximum
iron
Prior art date
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EP98113379A
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German (de)
English (en)
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EP0899354A1 (fr
Inventor
Harald Pfeffinger
Michael Voit
Tilman Dr. Haug
Patrick Izguierdo
Herbert Gasthuber
Oliver Storz
Axel Heuberger
Franz Dr. Rückert
Peter Stocker
Helmut Pröfrock
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Mercedes Benz Group AG
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DaimlerChrysler AG
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Classifications

    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C23—COATING METALLIC MATERIAL; COATING MATERIAL WITH METALLIC MATERIAL; CHEMICAL SURFACE TREATMENT; DIFFUSION TREATMENT OF METALLIC MATERIAL; COATING BY VACUUM EVAPORATION, BY SPUTTERING, BY ION IMPLANTATION OR BY CHEMICAL VAPOUR DEPOSITION, IN GENERAL; INHIBITING CORROSION OF METALLIC MATERIAL OR INCRUSTATION IN GENERAL
    • C23C—COATING METALLIC MATERIAL; COATING MATERIAL WITH METALLIC MATERIAL; SURFACE TREATMENT OF METALLIC MATERIAL BY DIFFUSION INTO THE SURFACE, BY CHEMICAL CONVERSION OR SUBSTITUTION; COATING BY VACUUM EVAPORATION, BY SPUTTERING, BY ION IMPLANTATION OR BY CHEMICAL VAPOUR DEPOSITION, IN GENERAL
    • C23C28/00—Coating for obtaining at least two superposed coatings either by methods not provided for in a single one of groups C23C2/00 - C23C26/00 or by combinations of methods provided for in subclasses C23C and C25C or C25D
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C22—METALLURGY; FERROUS OR NON-FERROUS ALLOYS; TREATMENT OF ALLOYS OR NON-FERROUS METALS
    • C22C—ALLOYS
    • C22C21/00—Alloys based on aluminium
    • C22C21/02—Alloys based on aluminium with silicon as the next major constituent
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B22—CASTING; POWDER METALLURGY
    • B22F—WORKING METALLIC POWDER; MANUFACTURE OF ARTICLES FROM METALLIC POWDER; MAKING METALLIC POWDER; APPARATUS OR DEVICES SPECIALLY ADAPTED FOR METALLIC POWDER
    • B22F1/00—Metallic powder; Treatment of metallic powder, e.g. to facilitate working or to improve properties
    • B22F1/14—Treatment of metallic powder
    • B22F1/148—Agglomerating
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C22—METALLURGY; FERROUS OR NON-FERROUS ALLOYS; TREATMENT OF ALLOYS OR NON-FERROUS METALS
    • C22C—ALLOYS
    • C22C1/00—Making non-ferrous alloys
    • C22C1/04—Making non-ferrous alloys by powder metallurgy
    • C22C1/0408—Light metal alloys
    • C22C1/0416—Aluminium-based alloys
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C23—COATING METALLIC MATERIAL; COATING MATERIAL WITH METALLIC MATERIAL; CHEMICAL SURFACE TREATMENT; DIFFUSION TREATMENT OF METALLIC MATERIAL; COATING BY VACUUM EVAPORATION, BY SPUTTERING, BY ION IMPLANTATION OR BY CHEMICAL VAPOUR DEPOSITION, IN GENERAL; INHIBITING CORROSION OF METALLIC MATERIAL OR INCRUSTATION IN GENERAL
    • C23C—COATING METALLIC MATERIAL; COATING MATERIAL WITH METALLIC MATERIAL; SURFACE TREATMENT OF METALLIC MATERIAL BY DIFFUSION INTO THE SURFACE, BY CHEMICAL CONVERSION OR SUBSTITUTION; COATING BY VACUUM EVAPORATION, BY SPUTTERING, BY ION IMPLANTATION OR BY CHEMICAL VAPOUR DEPOSITION, IN GENERAL
    • C23C30/00—Coating with metallic material characterised only by the composition of the metallic material, i.e. not characterised by the coating process
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C23—COATING METALLIC MATERIAL; COATING MATERIAL WITH METALLIC MATERIAL; CHEMICAL SURFACE TREATMENT; DIFFUSION TREATMENT OF METALLIC MATERIAL; COATING BY VACUUM EVAPORATION, BY SPUTTERING, BY ION IMPLANTATION OR BY CHEMICAL VAPOUR DEPOSITION, IN GENERAL; INHIBITING CORROSION OF METALLIC MATERIAL OR INCRUSTATION IN GENERAL
    • C23C—COATING METALLIC MATERIAL; COATING MATERIAL WITH METALLIC MATERIAL; SURFACE TREATMENT OF METALLIC MATERIAL BY DIFFUSION INTO THE SURFACE, BY CHEMICAL CONVERSION OR SUBSTITUTION; COATING BY VACUUM EVAPORATION, BY SPUTTERING, BY ION IMPLANTATION OR BY CHEMICAL VAPOUR DEPOSITION, IN GENERAL
    • C23C4/00—Coating by spraying the coating material in the molten state, e.g. by flame, plasma or electric discharge
    • C23C4/04—Coating by spraying the coating material in the molten state, e.g. by flame, plasma or electric discharge characterised by the coating material
    • C23C4/06—Metallic material
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C23—COATING METALLIC MATERIAL; COATING MATERIAL WITH METALLIC MATERIAL; CHEMICAL SURFACE TREATMENT; DIFFUSION TREATMENT OF METALLIC MATERIAL; COATING BY VACUUM EVAPORATION, BY SPUTTERING, BY ION IMPLANTATION OR BY CHEMICAL VAPOUR DEPOSITION, IN GENERAL; INHIBITING CORROSION OF METALLIC MATERIAL OR INCRUSTATION IN GENERAL
    • C23C—COATING METALLIC MATERIAL; COATING MATERIAL WITH METALLIC MATERIAL; SURFACE TREATMENT OF METALLIC MATERIAL BY DIFFUSION INTO THE SURFACE, BY CHEMICAL CONVERSION OR SUBSTITUTION; COATING BY VACUUM EVAPORATION, BY SPUTTERING, BY ION IMPLANTATION OR BY CHEMICAL VAPOUR DEPOSITION, IN GENERAL
    • C23C4/00—Coating by spraying the coating material in the molten state, e.g. by flame, plasma or electric discharge
    • C23C4/12—Coating by spraying the coating material in the molten state, e.g. by flame, plasma or electric discharge characterised by the method of spraying
    • C23C4/134—Plasma spraying
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F02—COMBUSTION ENGINES; HOT-GAS OR COMBUSTION-PRODUCT ENGINE PLANTS
    • F02F—CYLINDERS, PISTONS OR CASINGS, FOR COMBUSTION ENGINES; ARRANGEMENTS OF SEALINGS IN COMBUSTION ENGINES
    • F02F7/00—Casings, e.g. crankcases or frames
    • F02F7/0085—Materials for constructing engines or their parts
    • Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
    • Y10—TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC
    • Y10T—TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER US CLASSIFICATION
    • Y10T428/00—Stock material or miscellaneous articles
    • Y10T428/12—All metal or with adjacent metals
    • Y10T428/12014—All metal or with adjacent metals having metal particles
    • Y10T428/12028—Composite; i.e., plural, adjacent, spatially distinct metal components [e.g., layers, etc.]
    • Y10T428/12063—Nonparticulate metal component
    • Y10T428/12097—Nonparticulate component encloses particles
    • Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
    • Y10—TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC
    • Y10T—TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER US CLASSIFICATION
    • Y10T428/00—Stock material or miscellaneous articles
    • Y10T428/12—All metal or with adjacent metals
    • Y10T428/12014—All metal or with adjacent metals having metal particles
    • Y10T428/12028—Composite; i.e., plural, adjacent, spatially distinct metal components [e.g., layers, etc.]
    • Y10T428/12063—Nonparticulate metal component
    • Y10T428/12104—Particles discontinuous
    • Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
    • Y10—TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC
    • Y10T—TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER US CLASSIFICATION
    • Y10T428/00—Stock material or miscellaneous articles
    • Y10T428/12—All metal or with adjacent metals
    • Y10T428/12014—All metal or with adjacent metals having metal particles
    • Y10T428/12028—Composite; i.e., plural, adjacent, spatially distinct metal components [e.g., layers, etc.]
    • Y10T428/12063—Nonparticulate metal component
    • Y10T428/12139—Nonmetal particles in particulate component
    • Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
    • Y10—TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC
    • Y10T—TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER US CLASSIFICATION
    • Y10T428/00—Stock material or miscellaneous articles
    • Y10T428/12—All metal or with adjacent metals
    • Y10T428/12493—Composite; i.e., plural, adjacent, spatially distinct metal components [e.g., layers, joint, etc.]
    • Y10T428/12736—Al-base component
    • Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
    • Y10—TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC
    • Y10T—TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER US CLASSIFICATION
    • Y10T428/00—Stock material or miscellaneous articles
    • Y10T428/12—All metal or with adjacent metals
    • Y10T428/12493—Composite; i.e., plural, adjacent, spatially distinct metal components [e.g., layers, joint, etc.]
    • Y10T428/12736—Al-base component
    • Y10T428/1275—Next to Group VIII or IB metal-base component
    • Y10T428/12757—Fe

Definitions

  • the invention relates to a coating of an aluminum / silicon composite material for producing wear-resistant, low-friction layers and to processes for producing the coating, both of which are used in industry.
  • sockets of gray cast iron or hypereutectic aluminum-silicon can not be waived.
  • the semi-finished bush is first inserted into the mold before pouring and then covered with liquid aluminum.
  • the typical wind force of such cans is 2 to 3 mm.
  • the inside of the liner is coarse and fine twisted, honed and exposed.
  • the alloys used include copper, so that in particular intermetallic phases such as How Al 2 Cu are formed, which are required for the short-chipping processing of the layer surface. The use of these copper-containing alloys proves to be particularly problematic in connection with certain fuels.
  • this bushing solution is associated with constructive, manufacturing and not least economic disadvantages such as limited adhesion of the AlSi10 melt on the bush surface, elaborate handling and high price.
  • the socket wall thickness affects the minimum cylinder spacing.
  • the web width should be as low as possible, especially for future engines of small design, because it also determines the minimum external dimensions of the engine.
  • Thermal spraying offers further possibilities of applying wear-resistant coatings to the cylinder wall of the crankcases.
  • the basic principle of thermal spraying is that a fusible or teilschmelzbarer material is melted in a high-speed hot gas jet into small spray droplets and accelerated in the direction of the surface to be coated (DIN 32530). Upon impact, the spray droplets solidify on the relatively cold metal surface and form a layer layer by layer.
  • the advantage of this coating technology compared to electro-deposition, chemical or physical vapor deposition is the high application rate, which makes it possible to economically coat a cylinder bore in a few minutes.
  • the methods of thermal spraying differ according to the mode of production and the properties of the high-speed hot gas jet.
  • High-speed flame spraying produces an acetylene-oxygen flame in which the spray particles are accelerated to supersonic speed and deformed on impact with the surface to be coated.
  • the HVOF process has already been used for coating cylinder bores with an aluminum-bronze alloy (US Pat. No. 5,080,056) or an iron-aluminum composite (EP 0 607 779 A1), but produces excess heat, which is often only possible through additional, expensive cooling of the crankcase can be removed (US 5,271,967).
  • gases such as argon, helium, nitrogen and / or hydrogen are transferred by an electric arc in a plasma state in which the powdery (EP 0 585 203 A1 and US 4,661,682) or wire-shaped (US Pat. No. 5,442,153) sprayed material is introduced laterally to be moderately accelerated and smelted compared to the HVOF.
  • the spray particles are heated to a higher temperature than the HVOF, so that they are in a molten state upon impact with the substrate, which provides for an intimate, cohesive connection of the layer to the substrate.
  • Powder plasma spraying has already been used to coat cylinder bores with an iron-based layer (US 3,991,240).
  • the object of the invention is to develop a thermally sprayed, wear-resistant layer, in particular for engine construction in terms of wear resistance and lubricating oil consumption, while the risk of wear for the counter-component is reduced.
  • the object is achieved with a coating having the features of claim 1 and with respect to the method with a method having the method steps of claim 4.
  • a coating having the features of claim 1 and with respect to the method with a method having the method steps of claim 4.
  • a heterogeneous layer structure of aluminum mixed crystal, embedded silicon particles or silicon primary precipitates is formed during the layered layer formation of the coating.
  • the matrix may further comprise a hypereutectic aluminum / silicon alloy.
  • the layer surface of a coating according to the invention can be processed in an economically short-chipping manner, which can presumably be attributed to the oxides which are finely distributed on the layer surface and preferably also within the coating.
  • the coating has improved wear resistance.
  • For producing the short-chipping and substantially copper-free aluminum / silicon layers by means of atmospheric thermal spraying is due to the good melting of the spray particles, the formation of finely divided oxides, their good adhesion to the substrate and the moderate heat transfer into the component atmospheric plasma spraying prefers.
  • this method offers the possibility to perform custom coatings, so that can be dispensed with the surface finishing of the layer on the pre-turning.
  • a coating is expedient which ensures good, in particular short-chipping, workability of its surface.
  • this wear-resistant, short-span machinable coating can be used to coat crankcases, is in addition to the reduction of combustion residues by reducing lubricating oil consumption interest to use this for all different fuels worldwide, so the coating, especially when used for the cylinder surfaces of internal combustion engines is copper-free ,
  • a cylinder surface can be coated in a die-cast engine block made of light metal such as aluminum or magnesium by means of a thermal spraying process, which on the previous usual but Complex liner solution can be dispensed with.
  • the thickness of the actual, tribological running layer on the tribologically non-executable, but good to be cast and machined crankcase can be significantly reduced. It is, for example, with 0.1 to 0.2 mm less than 1/10 of the usual sleeve wall thickness today and therefore offers the opportunity to build much more compact engines.
  • plasma spraying is used to produce the coating.
  • this non-equilibrium method it is also possible to form microstructures which otherwise can not be represented metallurgically. Because of the high energy density and the large Parametervieliere the method z. B. almost defined oxides are formed in the layer structure, on the one hand carry a short-chipping processing of the layer surface and on the other hand, a significant contribution to the wear resistance of the layers.
  • agglomerated spray powders it is also possible to add any desired foreign materials to the layer, including those which are distinct from the aluminum alloy different melting points such as hard metal or ceramic particles but also dry lubricants.
  • the coating according to the invention can be integrated without changing the manufacturing equipment installed today in the series, which eliminates the costly production and handling of the cylinder liners and considerable amounts of material can be saved.
  • the coating can be carried out at high application rates in particularly short cycle times, wherein the coating is very accurately applied to the cylinder wall of the crankcase and a fine surface quality is set.
  • spray powders of copper-free aluminum / silicon alloys or aluminum / silicon composites were developed.
  • two essentially copper-free aluminum / silicon alloy systems were selected as the wettable powder, an alloy A (see FIG. 1) for interaction, in particular with iron-coated pistons, and an alloy B (see FIG. 2) preferably being used for uncoated pistons.
  • FIG. 1 shows a cross-section of the spherical spray particles made from the alloy A, from which the aluminum mixed-crystal structure and the Si primary vacancies can be clearly seen.
  • the cut was etched to attack the aluminum mixed crystal and thus to clarify the microstructure.
  • the microstructure consists of primary aluminum mixed-crystal dendrites in which the dendrite arms are enveloped by eutectic silicon.
  • the size of the dendrite arms varies greatly, so that they can be resolved only conditionally.
  • the variations in the fineness of the present structure comes, on the one hand, from the fluctuations in temperature and speed of individual melt droplets and, on the other hand, from the different nucleation during the solidification of different melt droplets.
  • Such a fine structure characterizes thermally sprayed layers with respect to microstructures, which are obtained via powder-metallic routes, and is responsible for the good wear resistance of these layers.
  • FIG. 2 shows a scanning electron micrograph of a plasma-sprayed layer, which was produced with the spray powder of alloy A.
  • the layer made with the spray powder of Alloy A was honed and exposed mechanically. In the production of layers, narrow dimensional tolerances were observed, so that it was possible to dispense with rough and fine turning.
  • intermetallic phases and pores are also recognizable, which hold back small amounts of oil during operation and which determine the formation of a thin film of oil on the surface of the cylinder surface.
  • the agglomerated composite powders consist of fine silicon particles and fine, metallic particles of an aluminum-silicon alloy, which are bonded to each other by means of inorganic or organic binders, wherein the proportion of silicon particles 5 to 50% and the proportion of alloy particles is 50 to 95%.
  • the silicon particles have a mean particle size of 0.1 to 10.0 microns, preferably about 5 microns.
  • the metallic particles have an average particle size of 0.1 to 50.0 microns, preferably about 5 microns and consist of either alternatively employable hypoeutectic alloys C or D, or from both alternatively employable hypereutectic alloys E or F.
  • a cylinder running surface of a cylinder bore assumes that the casting of the Leichmetallblocks done in the usual way in die-casting, but without the inserted into the mold cylinder liners.
  • the interior of the cylinder bore of the crankcase is then coarsely pre-turned in one operation to ensure the required shape and position tolerances. Subsequently, the aluminum-silicon layer is applied.
  • the coating operation may be carried out either in the form of inserting and axially moving into the bore a suitable commercially available internal burner rotating about the center axis of the cylinder bore or a non-rotating burner in the cylinder bore of the rotating crankcase and along the central axis of the cylinder bore is guided to spray the layer on the cylinder wall at almost röch angle.
  • a suitable commercially available internal burner rotating about the center axis of the cylinder bore or a non-rotating burner in the cylinder bore of the rotating crankcase and along the central axis of the cylinder bore is guided to spray the layer on the cylinder wall at almost röch angle.
  • the latter is procedurally simpler and safer, because the supply of the necessary media such as electrical energy, cooling water, primary and secondary gas and spray powder by a rotating unit is problematic.

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  • Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
  • Organic Chemistry (AREA)
  • Materials Engineering (AREA)
  • Metallurgy (AREA)
  • Chemical Kinetics & Catalysis (AREA)
  • Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
  • Plasma & Fusion (AREA)
  • Combustion & Propulsion (AREA)
  • General Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Coating By Spraying Or Casting (AREA)
  • Cylinder Crankcases Of Internal Combustion Engines (AREA)
  • Pistons, Piston Rings, And Cylinders (AREA)

Claims (12)

  1. Revêtement en matériau composite d'aluminium-silicium, caractérisé en ce que la structure hétérogène du revêtement est formée par une solution solide d'aluminium, des particules de silicium enrobées ou des phases précipitées primaires de silicium ou des particules de silicium enrobées et des phases précipitées primaires de silicium, des phases intermétalliques, telles que Mg2Si, et des oxydes, en ce que les particules de silicium enrobées ou les phases précipitées primaires de silicium ont une granulométrie moyenne inférieure à 10 µm, en ce que les oxydes ont une granulométrie moyenne inférieure à 5 µm et en ce que le revêtement est sensiblement exempt de cuivre ; c'est-à-dire que la teneur en cuivre est inférieure à 1 pour cent en poids (% en poids), de préférence inférieure à 0,1 % en poids et en particulier de préférence inférieure à 0,01 % en poids.
  2. Revêtement selon la revendication 1, caractérisé en ce qu'il contient soit des particules de silicium enrobées, soit des particules de silicium enrobées et des phases précipitées primaires de silicium.
  3. Revêtement selon la revendication 1, caractérisé en ce qu'il contient en outre un alliage aluminium-silicium hypereutectique et en ce qu'il contient des phases précipitées primaires de silicium.
  4. Procédé de fabrication d'un revêtement selon l'une quelconque des revendications 1 à 3, caractérisé en ce que le revêtement est déposé par un procédé de projection thermique, en particulier un procédé de projection par jet de plasma atmosphérique, et en ce que la formation des oxydes est définie par le réglage des paramètres de projection appropriés.
  5. Procédé selon la revendication 4, caractérisé en ce que pour le matériau initial à projeter on utilise un alliage A de la composition suivante, les chiffres indiqués représentant la teneur exprimée en pourcentage en poids :
    silicium 23,0 à 40,0 %, de préférence environ 25 %
    magnésium 0,8 à 2,0 %, de préférence environ 1,2 %
    zirconium 0,6 % maximum
    fer 0,25 % maximum
    manganèse, nickel, cuivre et zinc : chacun 0,01 % maximum
    aluminium pour le reste.
  6. Procédé selon la revendication 4, caractérisé en ce que pour le matériau initial à projeter on utilise un alliage B de la composition suivante, les chiffres indiqués représentant la teneur exprimée en pourcentage en poids :
    silicium 23,0 à 40,0 %, de préférence environ 25 %
    nickel 1,0 à 5,0 %, de préférence environ 4 %
    fer 1,0 à 1,4 %, de préférence environ 1,2 %
    magnésium 0,8 à 2,0 %, de préférence environ 1,2 %
    zirconium 0,6 % maximum
    manganèse, cuivre et zinc ; chacun 0,01 % maximum
    aluminium pour le reste.
  7. Procédé selon la revendication 4, caractérisé en ce que pour le matériau initial à projeter on utilise une poudre composite agglomérée, qui est formée par de fines particules de silicium et de fines particules métalliques qui sont liées entre elles par des liants anorganiques ou organiques, la teneur en particules de silicium étant de 5 à 50 % et la teneur en particules d'alliage de 50 à 95 %, les particules de silicium ayant une granulométrie moyenne de 0,1 à 10,0 µm, de préférence environ 5 µm, les particules métalliques ayant une granulométrie moyenne de 0,1 à 50,0 µm, de préférence environ 5 µm, et en ce qu'on utilise un alliage C de la composition suivante, les chiffres indiqués représentant la teneur exprimée en pourcentage en poids :
    silicium 0 à 11,8 %, de préférence environ 9 %
    magnésium 0,8 à 2,0 %, de préférence environ 1,2 %
    zirconium 0,6 % maximum
    fer 0,25 % maximum
    manganèse, nickel, cuivre et zinc : chacun 0,01 % maximum
    aluminium pour le reste.
  8. Procédé selon la revendication 4, caractérisé en ce que pour le matériau initial à projeter on utilise une poudre composite agglomérée, qui est formée par de fines particules de silicium et de fines particules métalliques qui sont liées entre elles par des liants anorganiques ou organiques, la teneur en particules de silicium étant de 5 à 50 % et la teneur en particules d'alliage de 50 à 95 %, les particules de silicium ayant une granulométrie moyenne de 0,1 à 10,0 µm, de préférence environ 5 µm, les particules métalliques ayant une granulométrie moyenne de 0,1 à 50,0 µm, de préférence environ 5 µm, et en ce qu'on utilise un alliage D de la composition suivante, les chiffres indiqués représentant la teneur exprimée en pourcentage en poids :
    silicium 0 à 11,8 %, de préférence environ 9 %
    nickel 1,0 à 5,0 %, de préférence environ 4 %
    fer 1,0 à 1,4 %, de préférence environ 1,2 %
    magnésium 0,8 à 2,0 %, de préférence environ 1,2 %
    zirconium 0,6 % maximum
    manganèse, cuivre et zinc : chacun 0,01 % maximum
    aluminium pour le reste.
  9. Procédé selon la revendication 4, caractérisé en ce que pour le matériau initial à projeter on utilise une poudre composite agglomérée, qui est formée par de fines particules de silicium et de fines particules métalliques qui sont liées entre elles par des liants anorganiques ou organiques, la teneur en particules de silicium étant de 5 à 50 % et la teneur en particules d'alliage de 50 à 95 %, les particules de silicium ayant une granulométrie moyenne de 0,1 à 10,0 µm, de préférence environ 5 µm, les particules métalliques ayant une granulométrie moyenne de 0,1 à 50,0 µm, de préférence environ 5 µm, et en ce qu'on utilise un alliage E de la composition suivante, les chiffres indiqués représentant la teneur exprimée en pourcentage en poids :
    silicium 11,8 à 40 %, de préférence environ 17 %
    magnésium 0,8 à 2,0 %, de préférence environ 1,2 %
    zirconium 0,6 % maximum
    fer 0,25 % maximum
    manganèse, nickel, cuivre et zinc : chacun 0,01 % maximum
    aluminium pour le reste.
  10. Procédé selon la revendication 4, caractérisé en ce que pour le matériau initial à projeter on utilise une poudre composite agglomérée, qui est formée par de fines particules de silicium et de fines particules métalliques qui sont liées entre elles par des liants anorganiques ou organiques, la teneur en particules de silicium étant de 5 à 50 % et la teneur en particules d'alliage de 50 à 95 %, les particules de silicium ayant une granulométrie moyenne de 0,1 à 10,0 µm, de préférence environ 5 µm, les particules métalliques ayant une granulométrie moyenne de 0,1 à 50,0 µm, de préférence environ 5 µm, et en ce qu'on utilise un alliage F de la composition suivante, les chiffres indiqués représentant la teneur exprimée en pourcentage en poids :
    silicium 11,8 à 40 %, de préférence environ 17 %
    nickel 1,0 à 5,0 %, de préférence environ 4 %
    fer 1,0 à 1,4 %, de préférence environ 1,2 %
    magnésium 0,8 à 2,0 %, de préférence environ 1,2 %
    zirconium 0,6 % maximum
    manganèse, cuivre et zinc : chacun 0,01 % maximum
    aluminium pour le reste.
  11. Utilisation d'un revêtement selon au moins une des revendications 1, 2 ou 3, destiné au revêtement d'une chemise de cylindre pour moteurs à piston alterné comprenant de préférence des carters de vilebrequin en fonte grise, à base de fer, d'aluminium ou de magnésium.
  12. Utilisation d'un procédé selon au moins une des revendications 4 à 10 pour la fabrication d'un revêtement pour une chemise de cylindre pour moteurs à piston alterné comprenant de préférence des carters de vilebrequin en fonte grise, à base de fer, d'aluminium ou de magnésium.
EP98113379A 1997-08-01 1998-07-17 Revêtement d'un alliage al-si hyper-eutectique respectivement un al-si composite Expired - Lifetime EP0899354B1 (fr)

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DE19733204 1997-08-01
DE19733204A DE19733204B4 (de) 1997-08-01 1997-08-01 Beschichtung aus einer übereutektischen Aluminium/Silizium Legierung, Spritzpulver zu deren Herstellung sowie deren Verwendung

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DE59809547D1 (de) 2003-10-16
DE19733204A1 (de) 1999-02-04
JP3049605B2 (ja) 2000-06-05
US6221504B1 (en) 2001-04-24
KR19990023259A (ko) 1999-03-25
DE19733204B4 (de) 2005-06-09
EP0899354A1 (fr) 1999-03-03
JPH11152557A (ja) 1999-06-08
KR100304479B1 (ko) 2001-11-22

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