EP0890800B1 - Radiateur a une ou a plusieurs plaques avec au moins deux sections différentes - Google Patents

Radiateur a une ou a plusieurs plaques avec au moins deux sections différentes Download PDF

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Publication number
EP0890800B1
EP0890800B1 EP98111996A EP98111996A EP0890800B1 EP 0890800 B1 EP0890800 B1 EP 0890800B1 EP 98111996 A EP98111996 A EP 98111996A EP 98111996 A EP98111996 A EP 98111996A EP 0890800 B1 EP0890800 B1 EP 0890800B1
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EP
European Patent Office
Prior art keywords
radiator
section
heating
sections
convection
Prior art date
Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
Expired - Lifetime
Application number
EP98111996A
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German (de)
English (en)
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EP0890800A2 (fr
EP0890800A3 (fr
Inventor
Harald Fonfara
Markus Arndt
Manfred Artinger
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Kermi GmbH
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Kermi GmbH
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Publication of EP0890800A3 publication Critical patent/EP0890800A3/fr
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Classifications

    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F28—HEAT EXCHANGE IN GENERAL
    • F28D—HEAT-EXCHANGE APPARATUS, NOT PROVIDED FOR IN ANOTHER SUBCLASS, IN WHICH THE HEAT-EXCHANGE MEDIA DO NOT COME INTO DIRECT CONTACT
    • F28D1/00—Heat-exchange apparatus having stationary conduit assemblies for one heat-exchange medium only, the media being in contact with different sides of the conduit wall, in which the other heat-exchange medium is a large body of fluid, e.g. domestic or motor car radiators
    • F28D1/02—Heat-exchange apparatus having stationary conduit assemblies for one heat-exchange medium only, the media being in contact with different sides of the conduit wall, in which the other heat-exchange medium is a large body of fluid, e.g. domestic or motor car radiators with heat-exchange conduits immersed in the body of fluid
    • F28D1/03—Heat-exchange apparatus having stationary conduit assemblies for one heat-exchange medium only, the media being in contact with different sides of the conduit wall, in which the other heat-exchange medium is a large body of fluid, e.g. domestic or motor car radiators with heat-exchange conduits immersed in the body of fluid with plate-like or laminated conduits
    • F28D1/0308—Heat-exchange apparatus having stationary conduit assemblies for one heat-exchange medium only, the media being in contact with different sides of the conduit wall, in which the other heat-exchange medium is a large body of fluid, e.g. domestic or motor car radiators with heat-exchange conduits immersed in the body of fluid with plate-like or laminated conduits the conduits being formed by paired plates touching each other
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F24—HEATING; RANGES; VENTILATING
    • F24D—DOMESTIC- OR SPACE-HEATING SYSTEMS, e.g. CENTRAL HEATING SYSTEMS; DOMESTIC HOT-WATER SUPPLY SYSTEMS; ELEMENTS OR COMPONENTS THEREFOR
    • F24D19/00—Details
    • F24D19/0002—Means for connecting central heating radiators to circulation pipes
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F24—HEATING; RANGES; VENTILATING
    • F24D—DOMESTIC- OR SPACE-HEATING SYSTEMS, e.g. CENTRAL HEATING SYSTEMS; DOMESTIC HOT-WATER SUPPLY SYSTEMS; ELEMENTS OR COMPONENTS THEREFOR
    • F24D19/00—Details
    • F24D19/0002—Means for connecting central heating radiators to circulation pipes
    • F24D19/0073—Means for changing the flow of the fluid inside a radiator
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F28—HEAT EXCHANGE IN GENERAL
    • F28F—DETAILS OF HEAT-EXCHANGE AND HEAT-TRANSFER APPARATUS, OF GENERAL APPLICATION
    • F28F3/00—Plate-like or laminated elements; Assemblies of plate-like or laminated elements
    • F28F3/02—Elements or assemblies thereof with means for increasing heat-transfer area, e.g. with fins, with recesses, with corrugations
    • F28F3/025—Elements or assemblies thereof with means for increasing heat-transfer area, e.g. with fins, with recesses, with corrugations the means being corrugated, plate-like elements

Definitions

  • the invention relates to a two-row or multi-row radiator, in particular flat radiators, according to the preamble of claim 1, a single-row radiator with a plate trained radiators and an electric radiator.
  • Flat radiators are usually made from profiled or embossed half-shells preferably made of sheet steel, which are welded together and thereby can form horizontal and vertical flow channels.
  • profiled sheets convection profiles or sheets
  • Rectangular profiles attached to the radiator surfaces. Include flat radiators - in terms of heating output - to the cheapest radiator types and stand out in addition to advantageous decorative and hygienic properties, above all through a comparative low mass, which has an advantageous effect on their control behavior, in particular with regard to energy-saving heating systems.
  • Heating systems and thus radiators are usually extremely low Outside temperatures (so-called design case) designed at which a pleasant room temperature to be provided.
  • design case serve as parameters for the design of the radiator the amount of water flowing through the radiator, the flow resistance and the ratio of the radiator sections with predominantly convective and radiant heat emission. If these parameters are therefore usually matched to extreme heating conditions, the so-called partial load range with comparatively lower required Heating output, which predominates over most of the heating period, is different Design and a different behavior of the radiator.
  • single-row flat radiators have a single heating plate with an essentially one-piece construction.
  • have two rows Flat radiators i.e. Radiator with a front facing the room to be heated Plate and a plate arranged behind it, usually a symmetrical one Structure, the front and rear heating plate always symmetrical, d. H. with the same amount of water, is flowed to. This also applies to the two front heating plates a three or more row flat radiator.
  • the mentioned one-piece or symmetrical structure disadvantageous.
  • Radiators only provide heating outputs of a few 100 watts, so that they only relatively little water flows through it. Because of the usually high proportion the convection at the total heat dissipation becomes the only or front, the room facing section of a single-row radiator with convection plates a comparatively have low temperature.
  • This disadvantageous effect is seen in multi-row radiators reinforced due to the symmetrical structure, because not only for heating the front section also serves sections arranged behind it. Thus, over the front heating plate only dissipated part of the total heat. At low heating output the front heating plate remains comparatively cold. Compared to body temperature cold radiator surfaces adversely affect the indoor climate because they are perceived as uncomfortable.
  • DE 196 143 30 C1 and DE-A-4041191 show a radiator with two heating plates, which are connected via a connecting line are connected to each other with a valve. Both heating plates are as convectors designed so that the disadvantages indicated above and below occur here too.
  • the invention has the task of the Einzzw. Multi-row radiators while maintaining the achievable heating output in view to further develop the special conditions in the partial load range in such a way that the Comfort can be increased that the surface facing the room or at least Larger sections of it should be as warm as possible in the partial load range, furthermore that the design of the radiator can be adapted to full and partial load operation can, so that the overall beneficial properties of flat radiators in all respects can be maintained or even increased.
  • Advantageous properties here include the high heating output in comparison understand the low heating and manufacturing costs as well as the good control behavior, So features that directly affect the comfort and indoor climate of the heated Impact space.
  • a two-row or multi-row radiator according to the invention preferably has one only flow connection that is only connected to the front or room-side heating plate is.
  • Warm water that flows in through this flow runs along the top longitudinal edge the foremost heating plate and by suitably trained vertically running for this Flow channels as uniformly as possible over the foremost, facing the room Section distributed.
  • warmer water is thus supplied to the front section than the rest Sections.
  • the front section becomes warmer with the same heating output and therefore feel more comfortable than with conventional systems.
  • This is preferred advantageous effect is further enhanced by the fact that the front section has a higher proportion of radiation than the remaining sections of the radiator.
  • At least one connecting tube is provided, which is preferably in a lower Corner area of the radiator is arranged.
  • Water flowing into the hotplate behind flows in is preferably first led upwards in the direction of the upper longitudinal edge, redistributed from a transverse channel located there and via perpendicular to it Flow channels fed to a return connection in the lower corner area.
  • the water can be guided in the third and all subsequent sections take place accordingly, which is the fluidic of Series connection of three or more radiators corresponds.
  • a three-row radiator is however also the parallel connection of the two rear heating plates and their series connection possible with the foremost heating plate, for which purpose the connecting tube is useful between the front and the second heating plate to the rearmost heating plate becomes.
  • the front radiator is first supplied with hot water is, so that this is in the partial load range compared to conventional radiators will have a higher surface temperature, making it a much more comfortable one Can convey indoor climate.
  • a radiator according to the invention has a more uniform temperature profile on the radiator surfaces.
  • the water temperature after flowing through the front radiator for example in the Full load operation has not yet reached the return temperature, as is the case with conventional ones Systems would be the case, but assume a value that is roughly in the middle between the flow and return temperatures are.
  • the temperature distribution over the Radiator surface more uniform, what the design of the radiator as well as its construction facilitated.
  • the more even temperature profile is particularly advantageous in the partial load range, which can be seen from the example if a radiator thermostat the flow rate of the water so that the water temperature after passing through the front radiator has almost dropped to room temperature, whereas this with the same heating output for a conventional, symmetrical flow Radiator would already be in the middle of the radiator, the surface of which is would mostly feel cold and uncomfortable.
  • a double-row radiator is expedient only on its rear Heating plate be provided with convection profiles, so that such an inventive Radiators on the room side have a relatively large proportion of the total heating power, the rear convection section is no longer heated in the partial load range.
  • the so-called design case the maximum heating power if the outside temperature is very low, this is especially the case with relatively mild outside temperatures, which predominate predominantly, a comparatively high proportion of radiation exhibit.
  • the rear heating plate is also heated, so that the amount of convection increases.
  • radiator exponent of such a radiator does not cover the entire Temperature range is constant, but in the partial load range due to the much larger Radiation share is smaller than with larger heating outputs, where the convection part is bigger.
  • a radiator according to the invention thus helps heating costs, especially in the part-load range, which makes up a large part of the heating operation to save.
  • the heating plate facing the room is warmer is what is actually desirable for every radiator, because not the back wall but above all, the room should be heated, which, however, with the symmetrical design conventional radiator is not feasible. So less heat goes through the behind radiators often thinner wall insulation is lost to the outside.
  • the radiator according to the invention additionally on its back with a radiation screen provided, usually made of aluminum in multi-layer or sandwich construction, to advantageously increase the thermal insulation to the wall.
  • a radiation screen is also provided between the front and rear heating plates thermally isolate the front heating plate from the rear heating plate.
  • the radiator according to the invention is required just turn it over so that the room-side heating plate is a comparatively acceptable one Temperature. Should the thermal insulation or the district heating system become one can be improved at a later point in time, so you need at lower flow temperatures just turn the radiator according to the invention, so that then advantageous properties mentioned above come into full effect without a new one Radiator must be purchased.
  • both the flow and the return connection are on one side edge of the radiator.
  • the hot water is fed into the center of the front heating plate, where it then a left and right flow branches until it - in the case of a two or more rows Radiator - in the area of the center of the rearmost heating plate back into the water return is fed back.
  • the hot water at the top of the front radiator fed.
  • both the flow and the return at the bottom of the radiator what for it is necessary that the inflowing hot water upwards as described below to be led. This is also necessary on the rear radiator after the water from the front has flowed into the rear radiator.
  • An advantage at a central connection is the very long radiators Even temperature distribution, but needs hot water, which the radiator in Part load operation with a comparatively low flow velocity flows through, only that cover half the length of the radiator before it leaves the front radiator so that the side edge sections of the radiator can still feel warm.
  • Another The advantage of this connection variant is that such a radiator, especially at low outside temperatures, when cold glass surfaces above the radiator become so-called cold air rollers lead, swirled along the entire length of the radiator by inflowing warm air and can be overcompensated. So you have neither the front nor the rear end of the radiator falling cold air on your feet fear like it would be the case with a side flow connection.
  • Such a single-row radiator according to the invention has at least according to claim 9 two differently designed sections, of which a first section, which is preferred facing the room to be heated, seen in the flow direction in front of the remaining sections is arranged.
  • the water first flows into a through a flow connection first section, which is preferably located in the upper region of the radiator.
  • a flow connection first section which is preferably located in the upper region of the radiator.
  • the flow connection should be at the bottom of the radiator be provided, the water is first deflected according to the invention into the upper section, for example with the help of a specially designed flow channel or the one below support insert described. Then the water is all over the top Distributed longitudinal edge of the radiator and deflected in the direction of the return.
  • the first section has no convection profiles, which means that a very large proportion of radiation about 50% heat dissipation for this section is possible.
  • the water then passes through a second section, preferably with convection profiles is provided and is usually located at the bottom of the radiator, to rewind.
  • the convection profiles are preferred and also for hygienic reasons in this section on the side of the radiator facing away from the room.
  • a particularly advantageous embodiment results when the radiation section is immediately provided with insulation that is at least over a larger area its back should extend.
  • the amount of convection reduce the radiation section even further and by reducing the convective heat loss, increase the proportion of radiation significantly.
  • the flow channels in the first section preferably extend horizontally Direction, while in the remaining sections, as usual, in a vertical direction run.
  • the first section is preferably separated from the other sections by a separating web separated, which is broken by at least one connecting channel.
  • the radiator according to the invention in that section to which less heat is supplied in part-load operation with a temperature sensor. Usually this section is at the bottom of the radiator.
  • the radiator exponent is designed to be even more variable in this case can, so that even in the event that the convection profiles cover the entire surface extend the radiator, a radiator with optimal heating capacity in full load operation can be realized with an optimally high proportion of radiation in part-load operation.
  • heated front surface is particularly advantageous in this embodiment that it actually comes close to a two-layer radiator without two radiators through connecting pipes would have to be connected, which usually leads to higher manufacturing costs leads.
  • the suitable bending of a single-layer radiator is comparative easy to implement.
  • a further variant of the invention has proven to be particularly useful for countries with mild winters single-row radiator as particularly advantageous, in which the return pipe-like is formed and behind the radiator over a substantial part of its length extends.
  • This return is expediently with a plurality of preferably circular or rectangular ones Provide convection bodies, which by at cool outside temperatures Convection dissipated heat significantly increase, but this on mild days and hardly heat up, especially in partial load operation, because the hot water is already warming up on the front surface of the radiator has cooled to room temperature.
  • the front radiator surface is expediently not used at all be provided with convection plates.
  • a radiator with sufficient heating capacity and excellent control behavior can be.
  • Tube used which is available as inexpensive yard goods.
  • the diameter of this tube as well as the total area of the convection body can depend on the design of the radiator be adjusted.
  • Such a radiator is also preferred on its front Provide the radiator surface with convection profiles, which are additionally supported by the one already mentioned adjustable blinds can be covered.
  • the invention uses so-called support inserts with a molded discharge pipe and a cross hole.
  • the cross hole extends in the extension of a connecting section, i.e. the lead or Return connection, or in the extension of a connecting pipe for connecting the front with the rear heating plate.
  • the discharge pipe is in one of the extending in the vertical direction flow channels of a hot plate, so that the Outflow can advantageously be concentrated in a specific flow channel.
  • the flow connection can be located in the lower part of the radiator without one outside the Valve set with a riser pipe to guide the water upwards must be used. This also helps to save manufacturing costs.
  • Figure 1 shows a two-row radiator according to the invention with so-called equilateral connection above, where the flow connection (VL) is in an upper corner area (a) of the front Heating plate (1) and the return connection (RL) at a lower corner area (d ') of the rear heating plate (1 ').
  • the hot water flowing in through the flow connection is suitably spread over the front heating plate before it goes through a connecting section (c-c '), preferably a tube made of metal or plastic, into the rear heating plate (1') is directed.
  • a heating plate made of two half-shells or profiled plates is expedient, preferably made of sheet steel or plastic, welded together watertight or are connected.
  • the respective profile is designed so that there are several in the heating plate flow channels extending in the vertical direction (a-d) and a respective cross-flow channel on the upper and lower longitudinal edges (a-b and d-c).
  • the respective cross-flow channels can become funnel-shaped in the longitudinal direction expand.
  • the water is again diverted in the horizontal longitudinal direction, as indicated by the dashed arrows before turning again by the vertical Flow channels flow in the direction of the return connection in the lower corner area (d ').
  • the front and rear heating plates can be of the same design, so that there is also the flow connection (VL) in the lower corner area (d) of the front heating plate can be located.
  • the hot water flowing in through the flow connection (VL) must be used are first diverted to the upper corner area (a), preferably with the help of a of the above.
  • Convection profiles or sheets (2) can be attached, which is a rectangular or plan view May have a wave profile. In a preferred embodiment, both are the front as well as the rear heating plate, each with a convection profile. Conceivable is also that only the rear heating plate is provided with one or two convection profiles is. To further increase the heating capacity, the radiator can also have a third one Have heating plate, which is arranged behind the second heating plate and either parallel or is connected in series with this.
  • the heating plates do not need to be firmly connected to each other, but can be modular be adapted to the respective circumstances.
  • the front heating plate (1) warms, but not the rear, which contributes to the comfort of the indoor climate.
  • the radiator then has about a comparatively small radiator exponent, so that it is compared to a Radiators with a large amount of convection down to lower flow rates and thus can be better regulated better.
  • radiator in the area of the flow connection (a) Warm, but feels cold well before the connecting section (c). This can do that cause the convection caused by the radiator far before the connecting section no longer sufficient to drop cold air coming from above the radiator located windows, swirl by rising warm air and upwards carry.
  • the result would be that a person, for example, in the area of the flow connection the radiator, has warm feet while another person is in the Area of the connecting section have cold feet due to the falling cold air becomes.
  • An embodiment according to the invention provides for avoiding this disadvantageous effect according to FIG. 2, a central arrangement of the flow or return connection and preferably one symmetrical branching of the inflowing hot water into a left and right current.
  • one is preferably below the flow connection (VL) Transverse projection provided, as shown in Figure 2 by the crossbar.
  • VL flow connection
  • For transfer the flow into the rear heating plate are in the lower corner areas (d and c) front heating plate provided two connecting tubes (d-d 'or c-c'), at the ends each turn a tube, a support insert according to the invention or another suitable device is located to the flow in the rear heating plate upwards redirect.
  • the front heating plate flows in front of the rear heating plate, those of the Both heat plates dissipate different amounts of heat, especially in the partial load range his. This depends on the individual design of the heating plates. You will want to design both heating plates equally to reduce the manufacturing costs. So that However, radiators still have a warm front heating plate, even with low heating outputs the front heating plate will preferably have a larger radiation component, while the rear heating plate to increase the required heating output on cold days achieve, preferably has a high convection rate. Preferably, the front heating plate therefore no convection profile.
  • Embodiment an adjustable blind that is dependent, in particular of the heating output to be provided, the inflow of room air to the convection profiles regulates.
  • Figure 3 shows a cross-sectional view of a double row according to the invention Radiator with adjustable blinds for two convection profiles (2).
  • the front heating plate (1) facing the room is preferably provided with a temperature sensor (6) and an expansion volume (3), as is also the case, for example is used to adjust windows in greenhouses.
  • a temperature sensor (6) and an expansion volume (3) is used to adjust windows in greenhouses.
  • One across the hot plates (1, 1 ') movable valve lifter is on the one hand with the compensation volume (3) and on the other connected to one of the cover plates (7) to make an adjustment when the temperature changes to effect the cover plate.
  • a scissor-type guide linkage (5) with a fixed central or Pivotal point and two guide rods are provided, one end of which is fixed and the other the other end is slidably connected to a cover plate.
  • several spring elements (4) can be provided so that the cover plates (7) on the one hand press against the scissor-type guide linkage (5) and on the other hand against the spring elements (4), which in turn press against a holding frame. If only a convection profile is provided, it is sufficient to directly cover the valve tappet with a cover plate to connect, so that no linkage is required.
  • the expansion volume is a thermostatic capsule, with a liquid volume, that expands when heated or contracts when cooled. Usually liquids used are wax or paraffin.
  • the expansion volume is now in such a way that a thermal expansion of the volume in an adjustment movement of the Valve tappet is translated.
  • the associated adjustment movement can be linear or non-linear depend on the temperature, or a step function at a specified step temperature to come close.
  • the adjustment movement of the Valve tappet implemented in a transverse movement of the cover plates. This is preferably so designed that at comparatively high temperatures in the lower section of the front Radiator, so if the radiator is to give a high heat output, the cover plates (7) release the convection profiles (KB) so that air can open the convection profiles can flow freely.
  • the radiator mainly gives off its heat by convection.
  • the associated radiator exponent for convection radiators is comparative large, for example 1.5. If the temperature in the lower end section of the front heating plate drops, the cover plates (7) are adjusted and cover the Convection profiles so that the heat dissipated by heat radiation increases and the total heating output decreases. Due to the increased proportion of radiation associated radiator exponent smaller, for example 1.25, which is beneficial to the control behavior affects in partial load operation.
  • Such a control behavior can also be achieved by a control Thermostatic valve is used, the flow in the radiation and convection section can regulate independently.
  • FIG. 4 shows a single row according to the invention Radiator with a first section (8), which is preferably in the upper region of the Radiator is located, and a second section (9).
  • the lead is on the first section (8) arranged so that it is flown before the second section of hot water.
  • the hot water is located on the upper longitudinal edge (a-b) preferably a cross-flow channel, to which there are either further meandering Connect cross-flow channels or several (not shown) in vertical Direction extending flow channels, which in the lower flow channels (through the vertical bars indicated in bold) can continue.
  • a separator (10) between the first and second sections, so that the inflowing hot water is first concentrated in the upper section to be there Dissipate heat before passing through one or more connecting channels (11) in the lower one Section arrives.
  • the upper section has no convection profiles, so that it is the upper section around a flat radiator with a high radiation component and small radiator exponent is.
  • the lower section usually has a convection profile (2) on, so that a large part of the heat is removed by convection in the lower section. If a separating web is formed between the first and the second section, acts it is a series connection of a radiation and convection radiator.
  • the surface temperature can be a central one, especially for very long radiators Flow connection, can be provided as described above.
  • the convection plates (2) are expediently only on the rear heating plate (1 ') be attached or in the front section (1) only over a comparatively small Extend part of the radiator height, so that this radiator in turn one Radiation section and a convection section.
  • FIG. 6 shows a further embodiment of a single or double-row radiator with front radiation section (8) and rear convection section (9).
  • a preferably flexible connecting tube (13) made of plastic, metal, or the like with a rear the heating plate arranged pipe section (14) connected.
  • To increase the amount of convection is at least the rear pipe section with several circular or rectangular Provide convection bodies or fins (15), the surface of which depending on the required Total heating power is selected. Because such pipes will be very inexpensive in the future Will be available by the meter, a radiator can be realized in this way, the on the one hand is very inexpensive and on the other hand the advantages of the invention offers two-row radiator.
  • Such a radiator is particularly mild in southern countries Winters are used where predominantly a very high proportion of radiation, however only a high proportion of convection is required on very few days. Through the series connection of a radiation and convection section, both conditions can be applied equally fulfill.
  • the front can also be used to further increase the amount of convection
  • the heating plate can be partially provided with convection plates, as by the dashed wave line indicated.
  • FIG. 9 shows as an expedient application example the installation of an inventive one Radiator in a pre-wall installation in a cross-sectional view.
  • a pretext installation is often used in the renovation of bathrooms in the form of a pedestal Support frame (26) installed in front of a wall.
  • the carrying frame is used to attach Installations such as a wash basin (28) or the like. After graduation of the renovation work, the support frame is flown over and thus offers a practical Storage area (25).
  • This pre-wall installation can be used for space-saving installation of a radiator become.
  • a single-row or multi-row radiator according to the invention is preferred installed so that the radiation section (1) is arranged on the room side while the Convection section (1 ') is located in the air box (27). So that there is an air convection can train, the pre-wall installation on its bottom or top with inlet or. Outlet grilles (29, 30) provided.
  • the radiation section (1) preferably closes with the front surface flush.
  • the convection section can be in the form of convection sheets or tubes with convection bodies according to FIG. 6. Consequently a wall heating surface is created in an advantageously space-saving manner, which due to the single or multi-part radiator structure, especially at low flow temperatures is felt to be advantageously warm and comfortable.
  • Figure 10 shows a further preferred embodiment of an inventive multi-part radiator, in the radiation section (1) and the one or more Convection sections are arranged side by side.
  • the radiation section is preferred (1) arranged under a window (31) and dimensioned so that its surface also cold days on the one hand the cold radiant surface of the window above (31) and on the other hand the falling cold air due to its convection component can compensate.
  • the convection section (1 ') is located next to the radiation section, downstream in the flow direction, and preferably extends along the Floor skirting.
  • the convection section is preferred than with convection bodies provided tube formed, as described in Figure 6, and may for reasons the aesthetics and room hygiene in turn are disguised.
  • radiator plate facing the room must be the warmest, while the wall-side heating plates will already be comparatively cool. This helps reduce heat is uselessly lost on the wall of the house.
  • a radiation screen (12) be provided, which is preferably made of multilayer aluminum and both for Radiation insulation as well as thermal insulation to the wall is used.
  • Such a radiation shield can also be used for insulation between the front heating plate and the one behind it Serve heating plates.
  • FIG. 7 represents a half-shell or plate in partial view from the front, and before connecting this half shell with the correspondingly trained second Half-shell.
  • this half-shell is profiled or with impressions (21, 22a, 22b) so that there is inside a heating plate according to the invention extend a plurality of flow channels (21) in the preferred vertical direction and on the lower or upper longitudinal edge (not shown) a substantially perpendicular to it extending cross flow channel (23).
  • the lower or left part of FIG. 7 shows one Section of the radiator according to the invention in plan view or in cross-sectional view, the flow connection (18) in this embodiment in the middle and at the bottom Longitudinal edge of the radiator is arranged as it is according to the invention for longer radiators is provided.
  • the Flow connection adjacent vertical flow channel from the rest of the lower cross flow channel (23) be separated, for example by a partition.
  • the support insert has one in its lower section Cross bore (19a), which is preferably designed as a through hole, and a Bore running perpendicular to it (19b). Is in its intended position the vertical bore (19b) in one of the vertical flow channels (21) while the transverse bore (19a) is at the height and in extension of the Flow connection (18). With this arrangement, the desired diversion is Flow upwards ensured. While the flow is preferred by only one Flow channel is diverted, the support insert can also be designed so that the Flow is conducted in several flow channels.
  • the support insert assumes its intended position, it preferably has one asymmetrical shape.
  • the support insert is substantially ring-shaped, it can also be on a Circumference be provided with a flattening (19c) in the intended Position lies on the lower longitudinal edge. Due to the asymmetrical shape, this is automated insertion of the support inserts, for example with the help of a robot or under slight shaking of a half-shell makes it easier.
  • two plates are first made of plastically deformable Provide material, preferably sheet steel or plastic, with impressions (22a, 22b).
  • a plate profiled in this way thus forms a half-shell (20a, 20b). Every half shell is with one or more holes for receiving valve sections and connection sections (VL, RL) or connecting sections (c-c ').
  • VL, RL valve sections and connection sections
  • c-c ' connecting sections
  • insert inserts between the two half-shells in order to Connect or weld the two half shells or when attaching the To accommodate connecting sections occurring very large forces so that they do not become one lead to undesirable deformation of the half-shells.
  • the support insert according to the invention is preferred with guided Outflow used.
  • the respective sections according to the invention are each provided with a number of electrical heating elements (R 1 ... R n , r 1 ... r m ) which are either embedded directly in the heating element in metal bushings or in corresponding flow channels, as above described.
  • Such an electric heating element can be provided with a closed flow circuit with water, paraffin or the like, the flow convection being driven either by the heating elements themselves or by an additional drive means.
  • the heating elements of the respective sections are usually connected in parallel.
  • the individual are expedient Heating elements of the sections can be controlled individually or cascaded via a control device, so that the total heating power and in particular the proportion of heat caused by radiation and convection is dissipated, individually and adapted to the respective room conditions can be.
  • a relay (16) is also provided between the two sections (8, 9) of the radiator.
  • the first or front radiator section (8) either exclusively or additionally with a self-regulating or provide self-limiting resistance, such as in so-called self-limiting pipe trace heating is used.
  • a self-limiting resistance consists preferably of ferrites, which in a carrier material such as in a Elastomer are embedded. This results in a temperature-dependent resistance that increases with increasing temperature of the resistor, an almost step function Resistance dependence can be achieved, reducing electrical resistance is self-limited at low temperatures, for example.
  • the radiator according to the invention By dividing the radiator according to the invention into one as described above radiation section flowed first and a downstream convection section advantageous non-linear control behavior can be achieved: with low heating requirements, the Heat is preferably emitted via heat radiation, while a large one with high heating requirements Part of the heat is dissipated via convection.
  • a heater according to the invention will therefore make further improvements in the control behavior preferably with a thermostatic valve with a non-linear, for example progressive or degressive control characteristic operated.
  • the control valve is preferably designed such that that the flow through the convection section completely or partially and independently can be prevented or regulated by the regulation of the radiation section.
  • Multi-row radiators can also be used in reverse wiring, so that the Usually the radiator panel facing the room to be heated is cooler than that plate arranged behind. So you can not get your fingers on the front heating plate scald, which is already legally required in kindergartens in some countries. However, should the structural conditions such. B. the thermal insulation or Subsequent use change, so multi-row according to the invention Radiators are simply turned over, so that the warmer heating plate then the room would face, which results in the advantages mentioned above. So is one Adaptation possible without replacing or buying a radiator.

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  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
  • Thermal Sciences (AREA)
  • Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
  • General Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
  • Combustion & Propulsion (AREA)
  • Domestic Hot-Water Supply Systems And Details Of Heating Systems (AREA)
  • Central Heating Systems (AREA)
  • Thermotherapy And Cooling Therapy Devices (AREA)
  • Heat-Exchange Devices With Radiators And Conduit Assemblies (AREA)
  • Lining Or Joining Of Plastics Or The Like (AREA)

Claims (13)

  1. Corps de chauffe à deux ou plusieurs éléments, chauffé au moyen d'un fluide caloporteur, présentant:
    un raccordement de départ (VL),
    un raccordement de retour (RL),
    une première partie de chauffe traversée par le fluide caloporteur et tournée vers le local à chauffer, qui présente la forme d'une plaque de chauffe (1), le raccordement de départ étant disposé sur un côté de la plaque de chauffe, soit dans le haut soit dans le bas, et
    au moins une autre partie (1') traversée par le fluide caloporteur et disposée derrière la première partie de chauffe, la première partie étant alimentée par le fluide caloporteur avant la ou les autres parties (1'),
    caractérisé en ce que la première partie ne présente sur son autre côté qu'un seul tube de raccordement ou conduit de raccordement (c-c') situé dans le bas, de sorte que le fluide caloporteur traverse d'abord la plaque de chauffe et est ensuite amené à la deuxième partie de chauffe, grâce à quoi le rayonnement émis par la première partie est supérieur à celui émis par la ou les autres parties (1').
  2. Corps de chauffe selon la revendication 1, caractérisé en ce que la première partie (1) est conçue de telle sorte qu'au moins lorsque la puissance de chauffe est basse, davantage de chaleur peut y être apportée qu'aux autres parties du corps de chauffe.
  3. Corps de chauffe selon la revendication 1 ou 2, caractérisé en ce que la longueur totale des canaux d'écoulement est plus grande dans la première partie (1) que dans les autres parties ou en ce que la résistance à l'écoulement des canaux d'écoulement est de préférence inférieure dans la première partie (1) que dans les autres parties.
  4. Corps de chauffe selon l'une des revendications 1 à 3, caractérisé en ce que le corps de chauffe est profilé de telle sorte qu'au moins la première partie (8) comprend une pluralité de canaux d'écoulement qui s'étendent dans la direction horizontale ou en forme de méandres vers la haut ou vers le bas, et de préférence, au moins la deuxième partie (9) est profilée de telle sorte qu'elle présente une pluralité de canaux d'écoulement qui s'étendent dans la direction verticale.
  5. Corps de chauffe selon l'une des revendications 1 à 4, caractérisé en ce que la première partie (8) est séparée des autres parties par au moins une traverse de séparation (10), la traverse de séparation (10) étant de préférence interrompue par au moins un canal de liaison (11), le canal de liaison (11) étant disposé en particulier sur un bord longitudinal vertical du corps de chauffe.
  6. Corps de chauffe selon l'une des revendications 1 à 5, caractérisé en ce que le corps de chauffe est replié vers l'arrière sur au moins un bord longitudinal pour ainsi former une surface arrière de corps de chauffe, de préférence tournée vers une paroi, qui s'étend essentiellement parallèlement à la surface avant du corps de chauffe, le départ étant disposé sur la surface du corps de chauffe avant qui est de préférence tournée vers le local à chauffer.
  7. Corps de chauffe selon l'un des revendications 1 à 6, caractérisé en ce que le retour (RL) est configuré en forme de tube et s'étend derrière le corps de chauffe sur une partie essentielle de sa longueur, le retour (14) en forme de tube étant de préférence doté d'une -pluralité de corps de convection (15) en forme de cercle ou de rectangle.
  8. Corps de chauffe selon l'une des revendications 1 à 7, caractérisé en ce qu'au moins un dispositif d'écartement (11) est disposé entre les demi-coquilles ou plaques (20a, 20b) d'une plaque de chauffe (1, 1'), au moins l'un des dispositifs d'écartement (19) présentant de préférence au moins un canal d'écoulement (19b) qui a pour effet une introduction d'un fluide caloporteur orientée d'une manière prédéterminée, et/ou le dispositif d'écartement (19) comprend de préférence des moyens (19b, 19c) pour, lors de l'insertion du dispositif d'écartement entre les demi-coquilles ou les plaques de la plaque de chauffe qui comprennent un conduit (VL), l'orienter dans une direction prédéterminée.
  9. Corps de chauffe à un élément, en particulier corps de chauffe plat, comportant:
    un raccordement de départ (VL),
    un raccordement de retour (RL),
    une première partie (8) traversée par le fluide caloporteur et au moins une autre partie (9) traversée par le fluide caloporteur,
    caractérisé en ce que la première partie (8) est traversée par le fluide caloporteur avant la première partie (9) ou les autres parties (9), la première partie (8) émettant davantage de rayonnement que la ou les autres parties (9).
  10. Corps de chauffe électrique à un ou plusieurs éléments, de préférence corps de chauffe plat, comportant au moins deux parties (8, 9) conçues différemment, chacune dotée d'une pluralité d'éléments de chauffe (R1 ... RN, r1 ... rn), ainsi qu'un dispositif de régulation, caractérisé en ce que le dispositif de régulation est conçu de telle sorte que la résistance électrique de chaque partie puisse être ajustée de façon indépendante des autres, et qu'au moins à faible puissance de chauffe, davantage de chaleur soit apportée à la première partie qu'aux autres parties.
  11. Corps de chauffe selon la revendication 10, caractérisé en ce que la résistance électrique globale de la première partie est inférieure à la résistance électrique globale de chacune des autres parties.
  12. Corps de chauffe selon l'une des revendications 10 ou 11, caractérisé en ce que la première partie (8) est dotée d'une résistance autorégulée ou autolimitée, de préférence avec des ferrites incorporées dans un élastomère.
  13. Corps de chauffe comportant au moins deux ou plusieurs éléments, en particulier corps de chauffe plat, comportant:
    un raccordement de départ (VL),
    un raccordement de retour (RL),
    une première partie (1) traversée par le fluide caloporteur et de préférence tournée vers le local à chauffer, et
    au moins une autre partie (1') traversée par le fluide caloporteur et disposée de préférence derrière la première partie,
    caractérisé en ce qu'un obturateur de recouvrement (7) à lamelles ajustables, qui sert à modifier la section transversale de balayage des profils de convection (2) est prévu, l'obturateur de recouvrement (7) à lamelles pouvant être ajusté en fonction de la température de telle sorte que lorsque la température de départ est plus basse en fonctionnement à puissance partielle, l'obturateur de recouvrement (7) à lamelles recouvre essentiellement les profilés de convection (2), un capteur thermique (6) ou un volume de compensation (3) dépendant de la température et servant à régler l'obturateur de recouvrement (7) à lamelles détectant le fonctionnement à puissance partielle.
EP98111996A 1997-07-10 1998-06-29 Radiateur a une ou a plusieurs plaques avec au moins deux sections différentes Expired - Lifetime EP0890800B1 (fr)

Applications Claiming Priority (2)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
DE19729633 1997-07-10
DE19729633A DE19729633C2 (de) 1997-07-10 1997-07-10 Ein- oder mehrreihiger Heizkörper mit zumindest zwei verschieden ausgelegten Abschnitten

Publications (3)

Publication Number Publication Date
EP0890800A2 EP0890800A2 (fr) 1999-01-13
EP0890800A3 EP0890800A3 (fr) 2000-09-13
EP0890800B1 true EP0890800B1 (fr) 2002-08-07

Family

ID=7835326

Family Applications (1)

Application Number Title Priority Date Filing Date
EP98111996A Expired - Lifetime EP0890800B1 (fr) 1997-07-10 1998-06-29 Radiateur a une ou a plusieurs plaques avec au moins deux sections différentes

Country Status (6)

Country Link
EP (1) EP0890800B1 (fr)
AT (1) ATE221978T1 (fr)
CZ (1) CZ215898A3 (fr)
DE (2) DE19729633C2 (fr)
PL (1) PL327305A1 (fr)
SK (1) SK95298A3 (fr)

Cited By (4)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
DE102006031406A1 (de) * 2006-07-05 2008-01-10 Kermi Gmbh Heizkörper, insbesondere Röhrenradiator
DE102007035819A1 (de) 2007-07-31 2009-02-05 Kermi Gmbh Röhrenradiator
DE102007035817A1 (de) 2007-07-31 2009-02-05 Kermi Gmbh Röhrenradiator
DE102007035818A1 (de) 2007-07-31 2009-02-05 Kermi Gmbh Röhrenradiator

Families Citing this family (14)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
DE19849432A1 (de) * 1998-10-27 2000-06-15 Molekulare Energietechnik Ag V Heizungsanordnung
FR2793876B1 (fr) * 1999-05-21 2001-08-10 Patrick Delpech Radiateur a double circuit de circulation d'eau
DE19934435A1 (de) * 1999-07-22 2001-02-01 Kermi Gmbh Heizkörper mit mittigem Anschluß
WO2002021053A1 (fr) * 2000-09-11 2002-03-14 Patrick Delpech Radiateur a double circuit de circulation d'eau
DE20101345U1 (de) * 2001-01-25 2001-03-29 Koenig Christel Heizkörperanordnung
DE10113125A1 (de) 2001-03-17 2002-09-19 Kermi Gmbh Heizkörper mit einer mittig angeordneten Ventilgarnitur
DE102007036143A1 (de) * 2007-07-31 2009-02-05 Kermi Gmbh Ein- oder mehrreihiger Heizkörper mit zumindest zwei verschiedenen ausgelegten Abschnitten
DE102007036141A1 (de) * 2007-07-31 2009-02-05 Kermi Gmbh Heizkörper
DE102010017696A1 (de) * 2010-07-01 2012-01-05 Caradon Stelrad B.V. Verfahren zum Leiten eines Heizmittels und Plattenheizkörper
CZ25283U1 (cs) 2012-11-06 2013-04-25 Korado A.S. Spojovací díl ke spojení dvou otopných desek radiátoru
CZ25616U1 (cs) 2012-12-17 2013-07-08 Korado A.S. Spojovací díl ke spojení dvou otopných desek radiátoru
CZ26653U1 (cs) 2013-08-07 2014-03-24 Korado A.S. Univerzální spojovací díl ke spojení dvou otopných desek radiátoru
CN109945287B (zh) * 2019-03-11 2024-02-27 河南三元光电科技有限公司 一种壁挂式暖风机
DE102021203900A1 (de) 2021-04-20 2022-10-20 Kermi Gmbh Ein- oder mehrreihiger Heizkörper

Family Cites Families (4)

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Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
DE4041191C2 (de) * 1990-12-21 1994-08-11 Buderus Heiztechnik Gmbh Anschluß für einen mehrlagigen Plattenheizkörper
DE19614330C1 (de) * 1996-04-11 1997-03-13 Oventrop Sohn Kg F W Mehrlagiger Plattenheizkörper mit integrierter Ventilgarnitur
DE19710069C2 (de) * 1997-03-12 1999-08-19 Buderus Heiztechnik Gmbh Plattenheizkörper
DE19750109C2 (de) * 1997-11-12 2000-09-21 Kermi Gmbh Anschlußgarnitur und Heizkörper

Cited By (6)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
DE102006031406A1 (de) * 2006-07-05 2008-01-10 Kermi Gmbh Heizkörper, insbesondere Röhrenradiator
DE102007035819A1 (de) 2007-07-31 2009-02-05 Kermi Gmbh Röhrenradiator
DE102007035817A1 (de) 2007-07-31 2009-02-05 Kermi Gmbh Röhrenradiator
DE102007035818A1 (de) 2007-07-31 2009-02-05 Kermi Gmbh Röhrenradiator
WO2009015629A2 (fr) 2007-07-31 2009-02-05 Kermi Gmbh Radiateur tubulaire
DE102007035817B4 (de) * 2007-07-31 2013-08-22 Kermi Gmbh Röhrenradiator

Also Published As

Publication number Publication date
SK95298A3 (en) 1999-02-11
DE19729633A1 (de) 1999-01-14
CZ215898A3 (cs) 1999-03-17
DE19729633C2 (de) 2003-04-17
EP0890800A2 (fr) 1999-01-13
DE59805072D1 (de) 2002-09-12
EP0890800A3 (fr) 2000-09-13
PL327305A1 (en) 1999-01-18
ATE221978T1 (de) 2002-08-15

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