EP0876222B1 - Biologisch abbaubare esterquats als flotationshilfsmittel - Google Patents
Biologisch abbaubare esterquats als flotationshilfsmittel Download PDFInfo
- Publication number
- EP0876222B1 EP0876222B1 EP19970901048 EP97901048A EP0876222B1 EP 0876222 B1 EP0876222 B1 EP 0876222B1 EP 19970901048 EP19970901048 EP 19970901048 EP 97901048 A EP97901048 A EP 97901048A EP 0876222 B1 EP0876222 B1 EP 0876222B1
- Authority
- EP
- European Patent Office
- Prior art keywords
- flotation
- alkyl
- esterquats
- collectors
- acid
- Prior art date
- Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
- Expired - Lifetime
Links
- 238000005188 flotation Methods 0.000 title claims abstract description 60
- 150000002148 esters Chemical group 0.000 title description 16
- -1 ester compounds Chemical class 0.000 claims abstract description 47
- 229910052500 inorganic mineral Inorganic materials 0.000 claims abstract description 35
- 239000011707 mineral Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 35
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 13
- 230000008569 process Effects 0.000 claims abstract description 12
- 125000002091 cationic group Chemical group 0.000 claims abstract description 10
- 125000000129 anionic group Chemical group 0.000 claims abstract description 9
- 125000000217 alkyl group Chemical group 0.000 claims abstract description 8
- 150000004760 silicates Chemical class 0.000 claims abstract description 8
- 239000012535 impurity Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 7
- 239000000126 substance Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 7
- 125000002252 acyl group Chemical group 0.000 claims abstract 3
- 125000005843 halogen group Chemical group 0.000 claims abstract 2
- 239000000203 mixture Substances 0.000 claims description 17
- 125000004432 carbon atom Chemical group C* 0.000 claims description 15
- 150000003856 quaternary ammonium compounds Chemical class 0.000 claims description 12
- 229910019142 PO4 Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 6
- 150000008051 alkyl sulfates Chemical group 0.000 claims description 6
- 239000000725 suspension Substances 0.000 claims description 6
- XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N water Substances O XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 5
- 229910052739 hydrogen Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 4
- 239000001257 hydrogen Substances 0.000 claims description 4
- 239000010452 phosphate Substances 0.000 claims description 4
- UFHFLCQGNIYNRP-UHFFFAOYSA-N Hydrogen Chemical compound [H][H] UFHFLCQGNIYNRP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 3
- PUAQLLVFLMYYJJ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 2-aminopropiophenone Chemical compound CC(N)C(=O)C1=CC=CC=C1 PUAQLLVFLMYYJJ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims 1
- 125000003342 alkenyl group Chemical group 0.000 claims 1
- 239000006260 foam Substances 0.000 abstract description 16
- 239000007900 aqueous suspension Substances 0.000 abstract 1
- 239000000194 fatty acid Substances 0.000 description 37
- 235000014113 dietary fatty acids Nutrition 0.000 description 36
- 229930195729 fatty acid Natural products 0.000 description 36
- 235000010755 mineral Nutrition 0.000 description 33
- 150000004665 fatty acids Chemical class 0.000 description 26
- BPQQTUXANYXVAA-UHFFFAOYSA-N Orthosilicate Chemical compound [O-][Si]([O-])([O-])[O-] BPQQTUXANYXVAA-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 12
- RTZKZFJDLAIYFH-UHFFFAOYSA-N ether Substances CCOCC RTZKZFJDLAIYFH-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 11
- 150000002191 fatty alcohols Chemical class 0.000 description 11
- 235000013339 cereals Nutrition 0.000 description 10
- 229910021532 Calcite Inorganic materials 0.000 description 8
- 150000001412 amines Chemical class 0.000 description 8
- 239000003760 tallow Substances 0.000 description 8
- 238000000926 separation method Methods 0.000 description 7
- 238000009826 distribution Methods 0.000 description 6
- 239000000463 material Substances 0.000 description 6
- FYYHWMGAXLPEAU-UHFFFAOYSA-N Magnesium Chemical compound [Mg] FYYHWMGAXLPEAU-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 5
- 150000001298 alcohols Chemical class 0.000 description 5
- 150000001875 compounds Chemical class 0.000 description 5
- 239000011777 magnesium Substances 0.000 description 5
- 229910052749 magnesium Inorganic materials 0.000 description 5
- 239000003921 oil Substances 0.000 description 5
- 235000019198 oils Nutrition 0.000 description 5
- 239000002245 particle Substances 0.000 description 5
- 235000021317 phosphate Nutrition 0.000 description 5
- 150000003839 salts Chemical class 0.000 description 5
- 238000012360 testing method Methods 0.000 description 5
- LFQSCWFLJHTTHZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N Ethanol Chemical compound CCO LFQSCWFLJHTTHZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 4
- ZQPPMHVWECSIRJ-UHFFFAOYSA-N Oleic acid Natural products CCCCCCCCC=CCCCCCCCC(O)=O ZQPPMHVWECSIRJ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 4
- 239000002253 acid Substances 0.000 description 4
- 239000003945 anionic surfactant Substances 0.000 description 4
- 230000015556 catabolic process Effects 0.000 description 4
- ZQPPMHVWECSIRJ-MDZDMXLPSA-N elaidic acid Chemical compound CCCCCCCC\C=C\CCCCCCCC(O)=O ZQPPMHVWECSIRJ-MDZDMXLPSA-N 0.000 description 4
- 150000002170 ethers Chemical class 0.000 description 4
- 229930195733 hydrocarbon Natural products 0.000 description 4
- QXJSBBXBKPUZAA-UHFFFAOYSA-N isooleic acid Natural products CCCCCCCC=CCCCCCCCCC(O)=O QXJSBBXBKPUZAA-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 4
- 125000002496 methyl group Chemical group [H]C([H])([H])* 0.000 description 4
- 150000003467 sulfuric acid derivatives Chemical class 0.000 description 4
- QTBSBXVTEAMEQO-UHFFFAOYSA-N Acetic acid Chemical compound CC(O)=O QTBSBXVTEAMEQO-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 3
- VEXZGXHMUGYJMC-UHFFFAOYSA-M Chloride anion Chemical compound [Cl-] VEXZGXHMUGYJMC-UHFFFAOYSA-M 0.000 description 3
- 235000013162 Cocos nucifera Nutrition 0.000 description 3
- 244000060011 Cocos nucifera Species 0.000 description 3
- 229920001353 Dextrin Polymers 0.000 description 3
- 239000004375 Dextrin Substances 0.000 description 3
- LYCAIKOWRPUZTN-UHFFFAOYSA-N Ethylene glycol Chemical compound OCCO LYCAIKOWRPUZTN-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 3
- IAYPIBMASNFSPL-UHFFFAOYSA-N Ethylene oxide Chemical compound C1CO1 IAYPIBMASNFSPL-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 3
- 101500021084 Locusta migratoria 5 kDa peptide Proteins 0.000 description 3
- DNIAPMSPPWPWGF-UHFFFAOYSA-N Propylene glycol Chemical compound CC(O)CO DNIAPMSPPWPWGF-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 3
- 238000006731 degradation reaction Methods 0.000 description 3
- 235000019425 dextrin Nutrition 0.000 description 3
- 230000000694 effects Effects 0.000 description 3
- 239000003925 fat Substances 0.000 description 3
- 238000005187 foaming Methods 0.000 description 3
- 150000002430 hydrocarbons Chemical class 0.000 description 3
- 239000002563 ionic surfactant Substances 0.000 description 3
- 238000002156 mixing Methods 0.000 description 3
- 229920000151 polyglycol Polymers 0.000 description 3
- 239000010695 polyglycol Substances 0.000 description 3
- 239000000843 powder Substances 0.000 description 3
- 150000003139 primary aliphatic amines Chemical class 0.000 description 3
- 239000011435 rock Substances 0.000 description 3
- 239000002904 solvent Substances 0.000 description 3
- 239000003784 tall oil Substances 0.000 description 3
- WRIDQFICGBMAFQ-UHFFFAOYSA-N (E)-8-Octadecenoic acid Natural products CCCCCCCCCC=CCCCCCCC(O)=O WRIDQFICGBMAFQ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- KBPLFHHGFOOTCA-UHFFFAOYSA-N 1-Octanol Chemical compound CCCCCCCCO KBPLFHHGFOOTCA-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- BBMCTIGTTCKYKF-UHFFFAOYSA-N 1-heptanol Chemical compound CCCCCCCO BBMCTIGTTCKYKF-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- XDOFQFKRPWOURC-UHFFFAOYSA-N 16-methylheptadecanoic acid Chemical compound CC(C)CCCCCCCCCCCCCCC(O)=O XDOFQFKRPWOURC-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- YIWUKEYIRIRTPP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 2-ethylhexan-1-ol Chemical compound CCCCC(CC)CO YIWUKEYIRIRTPP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- LQJBNNIYVWPHFW-UHFFFAOYSA-N 20:1omega9c fatty acid Natural products CCCCCCCCCCC=CCCCCCCCC(O)=O LQJBNNIYVWPHFW-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- YVBCULSIZWMTFY-UHFFFAOYSA-N 4-Heptanol Natural products CCCC(O)CCC YVBCULSIZWMTFY-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- ZCYVEMRRCGMTRW-UHFFFAOYSA-N 7553-56-2 Chemical compound [I] ZCYVEMRRCGMTRW-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- QSBYPNXLFMSGKH-UHFFFAOYSA-N 9-Heptadecensaeure Natural products CCCCCCCC=CCCCCCCCC(O)=O QSBYPNXLFMSGKH-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- NLXLAEXVIDQMFP-UHFFFAOYSA-N Ammonia chloride Chemical compound [NH4+].[Cl-] NLXLAEXVIDQMFP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 244000303965 Cyamopsis psoralioides Species 0.000 description 2
- 241000196324 Embryophyta Species 0.000 description 2
- LHXDLQBQYFFVNW-UHFFFAOYSA-N Fenchone Chemical compound C1CC2(C)C(=O)C(C)(C)C1C2 LHXDLQBQYFFVNW-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- VEXZGXHMUGYJMC-UHFFFAOYSA-N Hydrochloric acid Chemical compound Cl VEXZGXHMUGYJMC-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- XEEYBQQBJWHFJM-UHFFFAOYSA-N Iron Chemical compound [Fe] XEEYBQQBJWHFJM-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- KFZMGEQAYNKOFK-UHFFFAOYSA-N Isopropanol Chemical compound CC(C)O KFZMGEQAYNKOFK-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- AMQJEAYHLZJPGS-UHFFFAOYSA-N N-Pentanol Chemical compound CCCCCO AMQJEAYHLZJPGS-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 239000005642 Oleic acid Substances 0.000 description 2
- NBIIXXVUZAFLBC-UHFFFAOYSA-N Phosphoric acid Chemical compound OP(O)(O)=O NBIIXXVUZAFLBC-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- OAICVXFJPJFONN-UHFFFAOYSA-N Phosphorus Chemical compound [P] OAICVXFJPJFONN-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- GOOHAUXETOMSMM-UHFFFAOYSA-N Propylene oxide Chemical compound CC1CO1 GOOHAUXETOMSMM-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 229920002472 Starch Polymers 0.000 description 2
- ULUAUXLGCMPNKK-UHFFFAOYSA-N Sulfobutanedioic acid Chemical class OC(=O)CC(C(O)=O)S(O)(=O)=O ULUAUXLGCMPNKK-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- QAOWNCQODCNURD-UHFFFAOYSA-N Sulfuric acid Chemical compound OS(O)(=O)=O QAOWNCQODCNURD-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- GSEJCLTVZPLZKY-UHFFFAOYSA-N Triethanolamine Chemical compound OCCN(CCO)CCO GSEJCLTVZPLZKY-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 150000007513 acids Chemical class 0.000 description 2
- 239000012190 activator Substances 0.000 description 2
- 239000000654 additive Substances 0.000 description 2
- 125000005263 alkylenediamine group Chemical class 0.000 description 2
- AYJRCSIUFZENHW-UHFFFAOYSA-L barium carbonate Chemical compound [Ba+2].[O-]C([O-])=O AYJRCSIUFZENHW-UHFFFAOYSA-L 0.000 description 2
- 230000008901 benefit Effects 0.000 description 2
- 230000015572 biosynthetic process Effects 0.000 description 2
- 239000003093 cationic surfactant Substances 0.000 description 2
- 239000001913 cellulose Substances 0.000 description 2
- 229920002678 cellulose Polymers 0.000 description 2
- 239000003153 chemical reaction reagent Substances 0.000 description 2
- 239000003795 chemical substances by application Substances 0.000 description 2
- 239000000470 constituent Substances 0.000 description 2
- GHVNFZFCNZKVNT-UHFFFAOYSA-N decanoic acid Chemical compound CCCCCCCCCC(O)=O GHVNFZFCNZKVNT-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- UKMSUNONTOPOIO-UHFFFAOYSA-N docosanoic acid Chemical compound CCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCC(O)=O UKMSUNONTOPOIO-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- POULHZVOKOAJMA-UHFFFAOYSA-N dodecanoic acid Chemical compound CCCCCCCCCCCC(O)=O POULHZVOKOAJMA-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 150000004820 halides Chemical class 0.000 description 2
- 229910052595 hematite Inorganic materials 0.000 description 2
- 239000011019 hematite Substances 0.000 description 2
- IPCSVZSSVZVIGE-UHFFFAOYSA-N hexadecanoic acid Chemical compound CCCCCCCCCCCCCCCC(O)=O IPCSVZSSVZVIGE-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- ZSIAUFGUXNUGDI-UHFFFAOYSA-N hexan-1-ol Chemical compound CCCCCCO ZSIAUFGUXNUGDI-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- FUZZWVXGSFPDMH-UHFFFAOYSA-N hexanoic acid Chemical compound CCCCCC(O)=O FUZZWVXGSFPDMH-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 230000002209 hydrophobic effect Effects 0.000 description 2
- 125000002887 hydroxy group Chemical group [H]O* 0.000 description 2
- 239000011630 iodine Substances 0.000 description 2
- 229910052740 iodine Inorganic materials 0.000 description 2
- LIKBJVNGSGBSGK-UHFFFAOYSA-N iron(3+);oxygen(2-) Chemical compound [O-2].[O-2].[O-2].[Fe+3].[Fe+3] LIKBJVNGSGBSGK-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- PHTQWCKDNZKARW-UHFFFAOYSA-N isoamylol Chemical compound CC(C)CCO PHTQWCKDNZKARW-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 229910000021 magnesium carbonate Inorganic materials 0.000 description 2
- 239000001095 magnesium carbonate Substances 0.000 description 2
- ZLNQQNXFFQJAID-UHFFFAOYSA-L magnesium carbonate Chemical compound [Mg+2].[O-]C([O-])=O ZLNQQNXFFQJAID-UHFFFAOYSA-L 0.000 description 2
- 235000014380 magnesium carbonate Nutrition 0.000 description 2
- BDAGIHXWWSANSR-UHFFFAOYSA-N methanoic acid Natural products OC=O BDAGIHXWWSANSR-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- QIQXTHQIDYTFRH-UHFFFAOYSA-N octadecanoic acid Chemical compound CCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCC(O)=O QIQXTHQIDYTFRH-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- WWZKQHOCKIZLMA-UHFFFAOYSA-N octanoic acid Chemical compound CCCCCCCC(O)=O WWZKQHOCKIZLMA-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 238000005457 optimization Methods 0.000 description 2
- 150000003013 phosphoric acid derivatives Chemical class 0.000 description 2
- 229910052698 phosphorus Inorganic materials 0.000 description 2
- 239000011574 phosphorus Substances 0.000 description 2
- 125000002924 primary amino group Chemical group [H]N([H])* 0.000 description 2
- BDERNNFJNOPAEC-UHFFFAOYSA-N propan-1-ol Chemical compound CCCO BDERNNFJNOPAEC-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 239000008107 starch Substances 0.000 description 2
- 235000019698 starch Nutrition 0.000 description 2
- 150000003871 sulfonates Chemical class 0.000 description 2
- 239000004094 surface-active agent Substances 0.000 description 2
- XOLBLPGZBRYERU-UHFFFAOYSA-N tin dioxide Chemical compound O=[Sn]=O XOLBLPGZBRYERU-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 239000012991 xanthate Substances 0.000 description 2
- 229910052845 zircon Inorganic materials 0.000 description 2
- GFQYVLUOOAAOGM-UHFFFAOYSA-N zirconium(iv) silicate Chemical compound [Zr+4].[O-][Si]([O-])([O-])[O-] GFQYVLUOOAAOGM-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- LHXDLQBQYFFVNW-XCBNKYQSSA-N (+)-Fenchone Natural products C1C[C@]2(C)C(=O)C(C)(C)[C@H]1C2 LHXDLQBQYFFVNW-XCBNKYQSSA-N 0.000 description 1
- DTGKSKDOIYIVQL-WEDXCCLWSA-N (+)-borneol Chemical compound C1C[C@@]2(C)[C@@H](O)C[C@@H]1C2(C)C DTGKSKDOIYIVQL-WEDXCCLWSA-N 0.000 description 1
- PUPZLCDOIYMWBV-UHFFFAOYSA-N (+/-)-1,3-Butanediol Chemical compound CC(O)CCO PUPZLCDOIYMWBV-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- REPVLJRCJUVQFA-UHFFFAOYSA-N (-)-isopinocampheol Natural products C1C(O)C(C)C2C(C)(C)C1C2 REPVLJRCJUVQFA-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- YSTPAHQEHQSRJD-SECBINFHSA-N (-)-piperitone Chemical compound CC(C)[C@H]1CCC(C)=CC1=O YSTPAHQEHQSRJD-SECBINFHSA-N 0.000 description 1
- JNYAEWCLZODPBN-JGWLITMVSA-N (2r,3r,4s)-2-[(1r)-1,2-dihydroxyethyl]oxolane-3,4-diol Chemical class OC[C@@H](O)[C@H]1OC[C@H](O)[C@H]1O JNYAEWCLZODPBN-JGWLITMVSA-N 0.000 description 1
- DSSYKIVIOFKYAU-XCBNKYQSSA-N (R)-camphor Chemical compound C1C[C@@]2(C)C(=O)C[C@@H]1C2(C)C DSSYKIVIOFKYAU-XCBNKYQSSA-N 0.000 description 1
- WUOACPNHFRMFPN-SECBINFHSA-N (S)-(-)-alpha-terpineol Chemical compound CC1=CC[C@@H](C(C)(C)O)CC1 WUOACPNHFRMFPN-SECBINFHSA-N 0.000 description 1
- LDVVTQMJQSCDMK-UHFFFAOYSA-N 1,3-dihydroxypropan-2-yl formate Chemical compound OCC(CO)OC=O LDVVTQMJQSCDMK-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- WEEGYLXZBRQIMU-UHFFFAOYSA-N 1,8-cineole Natural products C1CC2CCC1(C)OC2(C)C WEEGYLXZBRQIMU-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- XUJLWPFSUCHPQL-UHFFFAOYSA-N 11-methyldodecan-1-ol Chemical compound CC(C)CCCCCCCCCCO XUJLWPFSUCHPQL-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- OSWFIVFLDKOXQC-UHFFFAOYSA-N 4-(3-methoxyphenyl)aniline Chemical compound COC1=CC=CC(C=2C=CC(N)=CC=2)=C1 OSWFIVFLDKOXQC-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- WVYWICLMDOOCFB-UHFFFAOYSA-N 4-methyl-2-pentanol Chemical compound CC(C)CC(C)O WVYWICLMDOOCFB-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 108091005950 Azurite Proteins 0.000 description 1
- 235000021357 Behenic acid Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- LSNNMFCWUKXFEE-UHFFFAOYSA-M Bisulfite Chemical compound OS([O-])=O LSNNMFCWUKXFEE-UHFFFAOYSA-M 0.000 description 1
- DPUOLQHDNGRHBS-UHFFFAOYSA-N Brassidinsaeure Natural products CCCCCCCCC=CCCCCCCCCCCCC(O)=O DPUOLQHDNGRHBS-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- GAWIXWVDTYZWAW-UHFFFAOYSA-N C[CH]O Chemical class C[CH]O GAWIXWVDTYZWAW-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 239000005632 Capric acid (CAS 334-48-5) Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000005635 Caprylic acid (CAS 124-07-2) Substances 0.000 description 1
- OKTJSMMVPCPJKN-UHFFFAOYSA-N Carbon Chemical compound [C] OKTJSMMVPCPJKN-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 239000004215 Carbon black (E152) Substances 0.000 description 1
- LZZYPRNAOMGNLH-UHFFFAOYSA-M Cetrimonium bromide Chemical compound [Br-].CCCCCCCCCCCCCCCC[N+](C)(C)C LZZYPRNAOMGNLH-UHFFFAOYSA-M 0.000 description 1
- 241000723346 Cinnamomum camphora Species 0.000 description 1
- RWSOTUBLDIXVET-UHFFFAOYSA-N Dihydrogen sulfide Chemical class S RWSOTUBLDIXVET-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- URXZXNYJPAJJOQ-UHFFFAOYSA-N Erucic acid Natural products CCCCCCC=CCCCCCCCCCCCC(O)=O URXZXNYJPAJJOQ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- WEEGYLXZBRQIMU-WAAGHKOSSA-N Eucalyptol Chemical compound C1C[C@H]2CC[C@]1(C)OC2(C)C WEEGYLXZBRQIMU-WAAGHKOSSA-N 0.000 description 1
- PSMFFFUWSMZAPB-UHFFFAOYSA-N Eukalyptol Natural products C1CC2CCC1(C)COCC2(C)C PSMFFFUWSMZAPB-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 240000006927 Foeniculum vulgare Species 0.000 description 1
- 235000004204 Foeniculum vulgare Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 239000005639 Lauric acid Substances 0.000 description 1
- 241001465754 Metazoa Species 0.000 description 1
- 235000019482 Palm oil Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 235000021314 Palmitic acid Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 235000017343 Quebracho blanco Nutrition 0.000 description 1
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- 241000907663 Siproeta stelenes Species 0.000 description 1
- 235000021355 Stearic acid Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- NINIDFKCEFEMDL-UHFFFAOYSA-N Sulfur Chemical compound [S] NINIDFKCEFEMDL-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- RTAQQCXQSZGOHL-UHFFFAOYSA-N Titanium Chemical compound [Ti] RTAQQCXQSZGOHL-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 238000009825 accumulation Methods 0.000 description 1
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- 125000001931 aliphatic group Chemical group 0.000 description 1
- 125000003545 alkoxy group Chemical group 0.000 description 1
- 150000008055 alkyl aryl sulfonates Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 125000002947 alkylene group Chemical group 0.000 description 1
- OVKDFILSBMEKLT-UHFFFAOYSA-N alpha-Terpineol Natural products CC(=C)C1(O)CCC(C)=CC1 OVKDFILSBMEKLT-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
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- 229910000147 aluminium phosphate Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 229910000323 aluminium silicate Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 125000003277 amino group Chemical group 0.000 description 1
- 235000019270 ammonium chloride Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 229910052586 apatite Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 229940116226 behenic acid Drugs 0.000 description 1
- 229910052614 beryl Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 238000007664 blowing Methods 0.000 description 1
- 229910021538 borax Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- CKDOCTFBFTVPSN-UHFFFAOYSA-N borneol Natural products C1CC2(C)C(C)CC1C2(C)C CKDOCTFBFTVPSN-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
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- WUKWITHWXAAZEY-UHFFFAOYSA-L calcium difluoride Chemical compound [F-].[F-].[Ca+2] WUKWITHWXAAZEY-UHFFFAOYSA-L 0.000 description 1
- 229930008380 camphor Natural products 0.000 description 1
- 229960000846 camphor Drugs 0.000 description 1
- 125000003178 carboxy group Chemical group [H]OC(*)=O 0.000 description 1
- 150000007942 carboxylates Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 150000001732 carboxylic acid derivatives Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 150000001735 carboxylic acids Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 150000001767 cationic compounds Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- IKNAJTLCCWPIQD-UHFFFAOYSA-K cerium(3+);lanthanum(3+);neodymium(3+);oxygen(2-);phosphate Chemical compound [O-2].[La+3].[Ce+3].[Nd+3].[O-]P([O-])([O-])=O IKNAJTLCCWPIQD-UHFFFAOYSA-K 0.000 description 1
- 230000008859 change Effects 0.000 description 1
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- RFFOTVCVTJUTAD-UHFFFAOYSA-N cineole Natural products C1CC2(C)CCC1(C(C)C)O2 RFFOTVCVTJUTAD-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 238000004140 cleaning Methods 0.000 description 1
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- 238000000576 coating method Methods 0.000 description 1
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- 238000013461 design Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000002542 deteriorative effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 229910003460 diamond Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 239000010432 diamond Substances 0.000 description 1
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- 150000005690 diesters Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- MTHSVFCYNBDYFN-UHFFFAOYSA-N diethylene glycol Chemical compound OCCOCCO MTHSVFCYNBDYFN-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- VAYGXNSJCAHWJZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N dimethyl sulfate Chemical compound COS(=O)(=O)OC VAYGXNSJCAHWJZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- REZZEXDLIUJMMS-UHFFFAOYSA-M dimethyldioctadecylammonium chloride Chemical compound [Cl-].CCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCC[N+](C)(C)CCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCC REZZEXDLIUJMMS-UHFFFAOYSA-M 0.000 description 1
- ZXOKVTWPEIAYAB-UHFFFAOYSA-N dioxido(oxo)tungsten Chemical compound [O-][W]([O-])=O ZXOKVTWPEIAYAB-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 239000002270 dispersing agent Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000004664 distearyldimethylammonium chloride (DHTDMAC) Substances 0.000 description 1
- DTGKSKDOIYIVQL-UHFFFAOYSA-N dl-isoborneol Natural products C1CC2(C)C(O)CC1C2(C)C DTGKSKDOIYIVQL-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 239000010459 dolomite Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229910000514 dolomite Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 231100000584 environmental toxicity Toxicity 0.000 description 1
- DPUOLQHDNGRHBS-KTKRTIGZSA-N erucic acid Chemical compound CCCCCCCC\C=C/CCCCCCCCCCCC(O)=O DPUOLQHDNGRHBS-KTKRTIGZSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 230000032050 esterification Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000005886 esterification reaction Methods 0.000 description 1
- 125000001301 ethoxy group Chemical group [H]C([H])([H])C([H])([H])O* 0.000 description 1
- 229930006735 fenchone Natural products 0.000 description 1
- 238000005189 flocculation Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000016615 flocculation Effects 0.000 description 1
- 235000013312 flour Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 239000010436 fluorite Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000004088 foaming agent Substances 0.000 description 1
- 235000019253 formic acid Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 239000002223 garnet Substances 0.000 description 1
- 150000004676 glycans Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 150000002334 glycols Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 229910052598 goethite Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 239000010439 graphite Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229910002804 graphite Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 238000000227 grinding Methods 0.000 description 1
- 229910052864 hemimorphite Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 230000036571 hydration Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000006703 hydration reaction Methods 0.000 description 1
- 150000002431 hydrogen Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 238000005984 hydrogenation reaction Methods 0.000 description 1
- AEIXRCIKZIZYPM-UHFFFAOYSA-M hydroxy(oxo)iron Chemical compound [O][Fe]O AEIXRCIKZIZYPM-UHFFFAOYSA-M 0.000 description 1
- 125000002768 hydroxyalkyl group Chemical group 0.000 description 1
- VKOBVWXKNCXXDE-UHFFFAOYSA-N icosanoic acid Chemical compound CCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCC(O)=O VKOBVWXKNCXXDE-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 230000003993 interaction Effects 0.000 description 1
- 229910052742 iron Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- SZVJSHCCFOBDDC-UHFFFAOYSA-N iron(II,III) oxide Inorganic materials O=[Fe]O[Fe]O[Fe]=O SZVJSHCCFOBDDC-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 229960004592 isopropanol Drugs 0.000 description 1
- 239000003350 kerosene Substances 0.000 description 1
- 150000002576 ketones Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 230000007774 longterm Effects 0.000 description 1
- 159000000003 magnesium salts Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- NUJOXMJBOLGQSY-UHFFFAOYSA-N manganese dioxide Inorganic materials O=[Mn]=O NUJOXMJBOLGQSY-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- XMWCXZJXESXBBY-UHFFFAOYSA-L manganese(ii) carbonate Chemical compound [Mn+2].[O-]C([O-])=O XMWCXZJXESXBBY-UHFFFAOYSA-L 0.000 description 1
- 238000004519 manufacturing process Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000007246 mechanism Effects 0.000 description 1
- 229910044991 metal oxide Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 150000004706 metal oxides Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- JZMJDSHXVKJFKW-UHFFFAOYSA-M methyl sulfate(1-) Chemical compound COS([O-])(=O)=O JZMJDSHXVKJFKW-UHFFFAOYSA-M 0.000 description 1
- 229910052961 molybdenite Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- CWQXQMHSOZUFJS-UHFFFAOYSA-N molybdenum disulfide Chemical compound S=[Mo]=S CWQXQMHSOZUFJS-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 229910052590 monazite Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- WQEPLUUGTLDZJY-UHFFFAOYSA-N n-Pentadecanoic acid Natural products CCCCCCCCCCCCCCC(O)=O WQEPLUUGTLDZJY-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 238000006386 neutralization reaction Methods 0.000 description 1
- 150000002825 nitriles Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 229910017464 nitrogen compound Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 150000002830 nitrogen compounds Chemical group 0.000 description 1
- 239000002736 nonionic surfactant Substances 0.000 description 1
- OQCDKBAXFALNLD-UHFFFAOYSA-N octadecanoic acid Natural products CCCCCCCC(C)CCCCCCCCC(O)=O OQCDKBAXFALNLD-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 229960002446 octanoic acid Drugs 0.000 description 1
- 239000002540 palm oil Substances 0.000 description 1
- VSIIXMUUUJUKCM-UHFFFAOYSA-D pentacalcium;fluoride;triphosphate Chemical compound [F-].[Ca+2].[Ca+2].[Ca+2].[Ca+2].[Ca+2].[O-]P([O-])([O-])=O.[O-]P([O-])([O-])=O.[O-]P([O-])([O-])=O VSIIXMUUUJUKCM-UHFFFAOYSA-D 0.000 description 1
- NBIIXXVUZAFLBC-UHFFFAOYSA-K phosphate Chemical compound [O-]P([O-])([O-])=O NBIIXXVUZAFLBC-UHFFFAOYSA-K 0.000 description 1
- ACVYVLVWPXVTIT-UHFFFAOYSA-N phosphinic acid Chemical compound O[PH2]=O ACVYVLVWPXVTIT-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 229920000768 polyamine Polymers 0.000 description 1
- 229920001522 polyglycol ester Polymers 0.000 description 1
- 229920005862 polyol Polymers 0.000 description 1
- 229920001451 polypropylene glycol Polymers 0.000 description 1
- 229920001282 polysaccharide Polymers 0.000 description 1
- 239000005017 polysaccharide Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229920000136 polysorbate Polymers 0.000 description 1
- 229940068965 polysorbates Drugs 0.000 description 1
- 108090000765 processed proteins & peptides Proteins 0.000 description 1
- 238000012545 processing Methods 0.000 description 1
- 108090000623 proteins and genes Proteins 0.000 description 1
- 102000004169 proteins and genes Human genes 0.000 description 1
- 239000002994 raw material Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000005871 repellent Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229920006395 saturated elastomer Polymers 0.000 description 1
- 235000003441 saturated fatty acids Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 150000004671 saturated fatty acids Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 238000012216 screening Methods 0.000 description 1
- 125000000467 secondary amino group Chemical group [H]N([*:1])[*:2] 0.000 description 1
- 239000010865 sewage Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229910021646 siderite Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 239000010802 sludge Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000002002 slurry Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000004328 sodium tetraborate Substances 0.000 description 1
- 235000010339 sodium tetraborate Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 239000008117 stearic acid Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000004575 stone Substances 0.000 description 1
- JDVPQXZIJDEHAN-UHFFFAOYSA-N succinamic acid Chemical class NC(=O)CCC(O)=O JDVPQXZIJDEHAN-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 235000011044 succinic acid Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 150000003444 succinic acids Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 229910052717 sulfur Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 239000011593 sulfur Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229920001864 tannin Polymers 0.000 description 1
- 239000001648 tannin Substances 0.000 description 1
- 235000018553 tannin Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 125000001302 tertiary amino group Chemical group 0.000 description 1
- TUNFSRHWOTWDNC-HKGQFRNVSA-N tetradecanoic acid Chemical compound CCCCCCCCCCCCC[14C](O)=O TUNFSRHWOTWDNC-HKGQFRNVSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 125000000101 thioether group Chemical group 0.000 description 1
- 239000010936 titanium Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229910052719 titanium Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- GWEVSGVZZGPLCZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N titanium dioxide Inorganic materials O=[Ti]=O GWEVSGVZZGPLCZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 150000003626 triacylglycerols Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- GWBUNZLLLLDXMD-UHFFFAOYSA-H tricopper;dicarbonate;dihydroxide Chemical compound [OH-].[OH-].[Cu+2].[Cu+2].[Cu+2].[O-]C([O-])=O.[O-]C([O-])=O GWBUNZLLLLDXMD-UHFFFAOYSA-H 0.000 description 1
- 150000005691 triesters Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- GETQZCLCWQTVFV-UHFFFAOYSA-N trimethylamine Chemical class CN(C)C GETQZCLCWQTVFV-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 150000004670 unsaturated fatty acids Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 235000021122 unsaturated fatty acids Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 235000013311 vegetables Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 239000002351 wastewater Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000001238 wet grinding Methods 0.000 description 1
- 229910000010 zinc carbonate Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
Classifications
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B03—SEPARATION OF SOLID MATERIALS USING LIQUIDS OR USING PNEUMATIC TABLES OR JIGS; MAGNETIC OR ELECTROSTATIC SEPARATION OF SOLID MATERIALS FROM SOLID MATERIALS OR FLUIDS; SEPARATION BY HIGH-VOLTAGE ELECTRIC FIELDS
- B03D—FLOTATION; DIFFERENTIAL SEDIMENTATION
- B03D1/00—Flotation
- B03D1/001—Flotation agents
- B03D1/004—Organic compounds
- B03D1/0043—Organic compounds modified so as to contain a polyether group
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B03—SEPARATION OF SOLID MATERIALS USING LIQUIDS OR USING PNEUMATIC TABLES OR JIGS; MAGNETIC OR ELECTROSTATIC SEPARATION OF SOLID MATERIALS FROM SOLID MATERIALS OR FLUIDS; SEPARATION BY HIGH-VOLTAGE ELECTRIC FIELDS
- B03D—FLOTATION; DIFFERENTIAL SEDIMENTATION
- B03D1/00—Flotation
- B03D1/001—Flotation agents
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B03—SEPARATION OF SOLID MATERIALS USING LIQUIDS OR USING PNEUMATIC TABLES OR JIGS; MAGNETIC OR ELECTROSTATIC SEPARATION OF SOLID MATERIALS FROM SOLID MATERIALS OR FLUIDS; SEPARATION BY HIGH-VOLTAGE ELECTRIC FIELDS
- B03D—FLOTATION; DIFFERENTIAL SEDIMENTATION
- B03D1/00—Flotation
- B03D1/001—Flotation agents
- B03D1/004—Organic compounds
- B03D1/008—Organic compounds containing oxygen
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B03—SEPARATION OF SOLID MATERIALS USING LIQUIDS OR USING PNEUMATIC TABLES OR JIGS; MAGNETIC OR ELECTROSTATIC SEPARATION OF SOLID MATERIALS FROM SOLID MATERIALS OR FLUIDS; SEPARATION BY HIGH-VOLTAGE ELECTRIC FIELDS
- B03D—FLOTATION; DIFFERENTIAL SEDIMENTATION
- B03D1/00—Flotation
- B03D1/001—Flotation agents
- B03D1/004—Organic compounds
- B03D1/01—Organic compounds containing nitrogen
- B03D1/011—Quaternary ammonium compounds
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B03—SEPARATION OF SOLID MATERIALS USING LIQUIDS OR USING PNEUMATIC TABLES OR JIGS; MAGNETIC OR ELECTROSTATIC SEPARATION OF SOLID MATERIALS FROM SOLID MATERIALS OR FLUIDS; SEPARATION BY HIGH-VOLTAGE ELECTRIC FIELDS
- B03D—FLOTATION; DIFFERENTIAL SEDIMENTATION
- B03D1/00—Flotation
- B03D1/02—Froth-flotation processes
- B03D1/025—Froth-flotation processes adapted for the flotation of fines
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B03—SEPARATION OF SOLID MATERIALS USING LIQUIDS OR USING PNEUMATIC TABLES OR JIGS; MAGNETIC OR ELECTROSTATIC SEPARATION OF SOLID MATERIALS FROM SOLID MATERIALS OR FLUIDS; SEPARATION BY HIGH-VOLTAGE ELECTRIC FIELDS
- B03D—FLOTATION; DIFFERENTIAL SEDIMENTATION
- B03D2201/00—Specified effects produced by the flotation agents
- B03D2201/02—Collectors
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B03—SEPARATION OF SOLID MATERIALS USING LIQUIDS OR USING PNEUMATIC TABLES OR JIGS; MAGNETIC OR ELECTROSTATIC SEPARATION OF SOLID MATERIALS FROM SOLID MATERIALS OR FLUIDS; SEPARATION BY HIGH-VOLTAGE ELECTRIC FIELDS
- B03D—FLOTATION; DIFFERENTIAL SEDIMENTATION
- B03D2203/00—Specified materials treated by the flotation agents; Specified applications
- B03D2203/02—Ores
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B03—SEPARATION OF SOLID MATERIALS USING LIQUIDS OR USING PNEUMATIC TABLES OR JIGS; MAGNETIC OR ELECTROSTATIC SEPARATION OF SOLID MATERIALS FROM SOLID MATERIALS OR FLUIDS; SEPARATION BY HIGH-VOLTAGE ELECTRIC FIELDS
- B03D—FLOTATION; DIFFERENTIAL SEDIMENTATION
- B03D2203/00—Specified materials treated by the flotation agents; Specified applications
- B03D2203/02—Ores
- B03D2203/04—Non-sulfide ores
Definitions
- esterquats as aids in the flotation of non-sulfidic Ores.
- the quaternized fatty acid triethanolamine ester salts referred to as esterquats show good collector properties on the one hand, especially in silicate flotation, on the other hand excellent biodegradability both under aerobic and under anaerobic conditions.
- Non-sulfidic minerals include, for example, apatite, calcite, fluorite, scheelite and other salt-like minerals, cassiterite, hematite, magnesite and other metal oxides, e.g. Oxide of titanium and zircon as well as certain silicates and aluminosilicates.
- DE-A-35 17 154 describes the use of surfactant mixtures as Aid for the flotation of non-sulfidic ores.
- surfactant mixtures as Aid for the flotation of non-sulfidic ores.
- anionic, cationic or ampholytic surfactant used.
- the use of quaternized ester compounds is not mentioned or suggested.
- WO-A-94/26419 describes the flotation of silicate-containing calcite minerals. As a solution is the flotation in the presence of a quaternary ammonium compound and an alkylene oxide adduct to carry out on an amino compound, the silicate accumulating in the foam. The use of quaternized ester compounds in such a flotation process is neither mentioned nor suggested.
- DE-A-41 06 866 discloses a process for the selective flotation of phosphorus minerals, being a collector of a mixture of salts of half-esters of alkyl-substituted succinic acids and other anionic tenisides.
- DE-A-41 also discloses a process for the selective flotation of phosphorus minerals 05 384. It is suggested here that the flotation slurry with carboxylic acids of chain length 6 to add up to 24 acylated protein or peptide hydrolyzates.
- Calcite minerals are of great importance for the paper industry, for example. Calcite is an important filling material for the paper industry, which can be used, among other things, to regulate the degree of whiteness and the transparency of the product. Calcite minerals are often associated with silicates, so that cleaning of the calcite requires separation from the silicate which is undesirable in many applications. Flotation is usually used for this. For example, calcite minerals can be freed from troublesome silicates by quaternary ammonium compounds mixed with fatty alcohols or non-polar hydrocarbons. However, the sometimes very high need for mineral constituents that are as clean as possible, and thus for flotation aids, generally means that large amounts of wastewater loaded with auxiliaries have to be disposed of and thus usually end up in the environment.
- the quaternary ammonium compounds previously used for silicate flotation are characterized by high ecotoxicity and extremely unfavorable degradation behavior, so that an accumulation in the environment and thus long-term damage to sensitive ecosystems can be expected.
- Another disadvantage of the collectors described so far is that minerals with a high magnesium content were not floatable, or only with great difficulty.
- Magnesium salts in combination with conventional collectors based on quaternary ammonium compounds lead to an extremely stable foam that has a high half-life (i.e. breaks only slowly) and thus at least greatly delays the separation of the floated material. While foams that break too quickly can be easily adjusted to the desired foam thickness and thus the desired half-life by foamers, reducing the half-life usually causes major problems.
- the conventional addition of defoamers, as a surface-active agent generally changes the interaction between the collector and minerals in such a way that complex test series are necessary to achieve the desired half-life / separation result. The present invention seeks to remedy this.
- the task was therefore to provide a biodegradable flotation aid To make available, on the one hand, a high selectivity, especially in the flotation of Silicates, on the other hand, it guarantees excellent biodegradability. additionally should this flotation aid be able to be successful even with such minerals to be used, which have a high proportion of magnesium.
- the invention relates to a process for removing mineral impurities, in particular silicates, from ore mixtures by flotation, by mixing ground ore mixture with water to form a suspension, introducing air into the suspension in the presence of a flotation aid and floating the resulting foam together with the flotation contained therein Separating impurities, characterized in that quaternized ester compounds (ester quats) of the general formula (I), where R 1 CO for an acyl radical with 6 to 24 carbon atoms, R 2 and R 3 independently of one another for hydrogen or R 1 CO, R 4 for an alkyl radical with 1 to 4 carbon atoms or a (CH 2 CH 2 O) q H group , m, n and p in total stand for 0 or numbers from 1 to 12, q stands for numbers from 1 to 12 and X stands for halide, alkyl sulfate or alkyl phosphate, individually or in a mixture, optionally together with other anionic, cationic, amphoteric and / or non
- collectors Either the esterquats according to the invention are referred to as collectors in the sense of the invention or such substances that are known to the person skilled in the art due to their effect as collectors are.
- Collectors can be added or otherwise handled or processed serving the collector are referred to below as flotation aids. They include therefore the collector mix and all other additives. However, this remains unaffected, that collectors may also be the only constituent of such a flotation aid can be used insofar as this collector under the operating conditions is manageable and its use can be carried out as intended. This definition does not affect the individual components of the entire flotation aid can be metered separately into the flotation system.
- ester quats generally means quaternized fatty acid triethanolamine ester salts. These are known substances that can be obtained using the relevant methods of preparative organic chemistry. In this connection, reference is made to the international patent application WO-A-91/01295 (Henkel), according to which triethanolamine is partially esterified with fatty acids in the presence of hypophosphorous acid, air is passed through and then quaternized with dimethyl sulfate or ethylene oxide.
- the quaternized fatty acid triethanolamine ester salts follow the formula (I) in which R 1 CO for an acyl radical with 6 to 24 carbon atoms, R 2 and R 3 independently of one another for hydrogen or R 1 CO, R 4 for an alkyl radical with 1 to 4 carbon atoms or a (CH 2 CH 2 O) q H group, m, n and p in total stand for 0 or numbers from 1 to 12, q for numbers from 1 to 12 and X for halide, alkyl sulfate or alkyl phosphate.
- ester quats that can be used in the context of the invention are products based on caproic acid, caprylic acid, capric acid, lauric acid, myristic acid, palmitic acid, isostearic acid, stearic acid, oleic acid, elaidic acid, arachic acid, behenic acid and erucic acid and their technical mixtures, such as they occur, for example, in the pressure splitting of natural fats and oils.
- Technical C 12/18 coconut fatty acids and in particular partially hardened C 16/18 tallow or palm oil fatty acids, tall oil fatty acid and partially hardened tall oil fatty acid as well as C 16/18 fatty acid cuts rich in elaidic acid are preferably used.
- the fatty acids and the triethanolamine can be used in a molar ratio of 1.1: 1 to 3: 1 to produce the quaternized esters.
- an application ratio of 1.2: 1 to 2.2: 1, preferably 1.5: 1 to 1.9: 1 has proven to be particularly advantageous.
- the preferred esterquats are technical mixtures of mono-, di- and triesters with an average degree of esterification of 1.5 to 1.9, for example 1.64 and 1.9, and are derived from technical C 16/18 - tallow or Palm fatty acid (iodine number 0 to 40).
- quaternized fatty acid triethanolamine ester salts of the formula (I) have proven to be particularly advantageous in which R 1 CO for an acyl radical having 16 to 18 carbon atoms, in particular for acyl radicals from partially hydrogenated, technical C 16/18 - tallow or Palm fatty acid cuts (iodine number 0 to 40), R 2 for R 1 CO, R 3 for hydrogen, R 4 for a methyl group, m, n and p for 0 and X for methyl sulfate.
- Floatable minerals can be divided into the two groups of polar and non-polar minerals divide, the surface of the non-polar minerals being difficult to hydrate, and such minerals must therefore ultimately be called hydrophobic.
- Nonpolar minerals include graphite, sulfur, molybdenite, diamond, coal and Talk, all of which can be floated in their original state.
- the these minerals containing ores usually only require the addition of non-specific collectors, such as diesel oil, kerosene or similar hydrocarbons such as oxo oils, to the to support the natural hydrophobicity of the minerals.
- Polar minerals on the other hand, have strong covalent or ionic surface bonds, rapid hydration through water molecules in the form of multilayers are accessible. These minerals include, for example, malachite, azurite, chrysocolla, Wulfenite, cerrusite, witherite, magnesite, dolomite, smithsonite, rhodochrosite, siderite, magnetite, Monazite, hematite, goethite, chromite, pyrolusite, borax, wolframite, columbite, tantalite, rutile, Zircon, hemimorphite, beryl and garnet.
- the sulfidic minerals are an exception group.
- exception Collectors are used, which are able to with those on the mineral surface React sulfide groups, such as xanthates, dithiophosphates, mercaptans, thionocarbamates or dithiolates, with the formation of nasal bubbles becoming the dominant one Flotation mechanism will.
- the usual steps in the process are usually dry or preferably wet grinding of the minerals, the suspension of the rock powder thus obtained in Water with the addition of the flotation aid and, preferably after in one case assessment time of the collectors contained in the flotation aid and, if necessary Co-collector, the blowing of air into the suspension to create the flotation foam.
- the grain size distribution of the rock flour allows the flotation behavior of the individual mineral components to be controlled within a certain range.
- the particle size also influences the use of the collector, so that both grain size and, for example, collector concentration can be determined in a short series of tests on site.
- the grain must be made more hydrophobic before flotation occurs.
- the rule here is that the grinding of the ores should be so fine that the individual fine grains only consist of one type of mineral, either the valuable mineral or the impurities. consist.
- the ideal grain size usually has to be determined depending on the respective mineral.
- a grain size distribution of approximately 5 to 500 ⁇ m has generally been found to be practicable, although narrower distributions can be advantageous in individual cases.
- ores rich in silicate can be separated by float with the results according to the invention with excellent results if less than 40, preferably less than 30 and particularly preferably less than 15% by weight of the total ore fraction have grain sizes of less than 250 ⁇ m.
- the lower limit of the grain sizes is determined both by the possibility of mechanical comminution and by the manageability of the flotated components.
- more than 20% by weight of the rock powder should have a size smaller than approximately 50 ⁇ m, a proportion of particles of this diameter of more than 30 or 40% by weight being preferred. In the sense of the invention, it is particularly advantageous if more than 40% by weight of the ore particles have a diameter of less than 45 ⁇ m.
- the stone powder in two or more, for example three, four or five fractions of different particle diameters to divide and subject these fractions to the flotative separation.
- the flotation aids according to the invention can be used in the present invention only one, but in principle also for several or all required separation steps be used.
- the invention also encompasses the successive administration of several different ones Flotation aids, at least one, but possibly also several of the Flotation aids must be according to the invention.
- the fractions available in this way can after the flotation process can be combined or treated separately.
- the technical parameters of the flotation plant in connection with a specific flotation aid and a particular ore can be the result of the flotation process in influence certain limits. So it can be an advantage, for example a short flotation time to separate the resulting foam, since the content of flotated Contamination, or change on floating ore depending on the flotation time may, in this case a longer flotation period may lead to a worse one Result as a shorter. Likewise, it can happen in the reverse case that the separation process with increasing time to a higher purity or otherwise better Quality of the recyclable fraction leads.
- the optimization of such external parameters is the responsibility of Routine activities of the specialist who is familiar with the technical circumstances of the respective Flotation plant is familiar.
- such reagents are used for the flotation as the surface tension or modify the surface chemistry. They usually fall into the classes of Classify collectors, frothers, regulators, activators and pushers (deactivators).
- Collectors are reagents that create a coating on the mineral surface and make it water-repellent, making it accessible for the attachment of air bubbles.
- Non-sulfidic minerals are usually floated with collectors such as fatty acids, amines, quaternary ammonium compounds, sulfonates and / or hydrocarbons.
- anionic collectors are, for example, saturated and unsaturated fatty acids, in particular tall oil fatty acids, oleic acid, alkyl sulfates, in particular alkyl sulfates, alkyl aryl sulfonates, alkyl sulfosuccinates, alkyl sulfosuccinamates and alkyl lactates derived from fatty alcohols and / or fatty alcohol mixtures.
- Known cationic collectors are, for example, primary aliphatic amines, in particular the fatty amines derived from the fatty acids of vegetable and animal fats, as well as certain alkyl-substituted and hydroxyalkylene-substituted alkylenediamines and the water-soluble salts of these amines.
- esterquats are usually used either as the only collector component or as part of an active substance mixture composed of several collectors and co-collectors in an amount of 10 to 2000 g / t ore.
- ester quats of the general formula ( I ) are used as the collector component.
- the esterquats are usually commercially available in the form of 50 to 90% by weight alcoholic solutions, which can generally be diluted with water if required.
- Quaternary ammonium compounds such as cetyltrimethylammonium bromide or distearyldimethylammonium chloride are not considered to be biodegradable according to the OECD guidelines, since no degradation takes place, especially under anaerobic conditions. In sewage treatment plants, they are mostly adsorbed on sludge and thus removed from further degradation. However, the esterquats meet all the requirements placed on a flotation aid with regard to biodegradability. In the "Closed Bottle Test" (OECD Test No. 301 D), for example, the esterquats are classified as "readily biodegradable",> 80% BOD / COD. Additional C 14 screening tests also confirm the complete breakdown of the esterquats. In particular, the biodegradability under aerobic as well as under anaerobic conditions give the ester quats an outstanding position among the quaternary nitrogen compounds.
- esterquats can be used alone or in a mixture with them further cationic, nonionic or, under certain conditions, even anionic Surfactants can be used as co-collectors.
- the biodegradability of the collector and co-collector existing system by adding difficult or non-degradable co-collectors is deteriorating overall.
- the co-collectors can also be used in larger quantities than the ester quats, for example 80, 70 or 60% by weight.
- the co-collectors should they are not themselves readily biodegradable, only in minor amounts together can be used with the esterquats.
- the cationic surfactants which can be used as co-collectors include in particular the amino compounds such as the acid addition salts of the primary aliphatic amines as well alkylenediamines or hydroxyalkyl substituted with ⁇ -branched alkyl radicals Alkylenediamines.
- ether amines, ether diamines and fatty acid amido amines as they are, for example, the condensates of polyamines with fatty acids.
- primary aliphatic amines are particularly suitable for those of the fatty acids of native fat and Oils derived from fatty amines with 8 to 24 carbon atoms.
- fatty amines for example tallow amines or hydrotalgamines, such as those from the Tallow fatty acids or the hydrogenated tallow fatty acids via the corresponding nitriles and their Hydrogenation are accessible.
- the amino compounds are generally used as such or as an acid addition compound in the form of a water-soluble salt.
- the salts are obtained by neutralization, which can be carried out both with equimolar amounts and with a deficit of acids. Suitable acids are, for example, sulfuric acid, phosphoric acid, hydrochloric acid, acetic acid and formic acid.
- the use of the ester quats together with fatty acid hydroxyethylimidazolines and / or fatty acid aminoethyl imidazolines and / or fatty acid aminoethanolamides and / or fatty acylamido fatty acid imidazolinium salts and / or carboxylic acid amidoalkylamines gives particularly good results in silicate flotation.
- quaternary ammonium compounds An important class of cationic compounds are the quaternary ammonium compounds. It is therefore preferred to use the ester quats together with quaternary ammonium compounds of the formula (II) where R 5 , R 6 , R 7 and R 8 represent linear and / or branched alkyl and / or alkenyl radicals having 1 to 24 carbon atoms, in a mixing ratio of 0.01: 1 to 100: 1.
- These are mixtures of compounds of the formula (II), as are obtainable when working up fatty acid cuts such as, for example, tallow fatty acid or coconut fatty acid with subsequent conversion to the corresponding quaternary ammonium compound.
- ampholytic surfactants that can be used as co-collectors are compounds which contain at least one anion-active and one cation-active group in the molecule, the anion-active group preferably from sulfonic acid or carboxyl groups and the cation-active group from amino groups, preferably from secondary or tertiary amino groups exist.
- sarcosides come as ampholytic surfactants, Taurides, N-substituted aminopropionic acids, alkylamidobetaines, imidazoliniumbetaines, Sulfobetaines and succinamates.
- Anionic surfactants can be used in the sense of the invention if there is between the esterquats and the corresponding anionic surfactant not for flocculation comes. This is usually the case if the esterquats contain one or more alkoxy groups, especially ethoxy groups.
- the production of such ethoxylated Esterquats are described for example in DE-A-42 24 714.
- ester quats are, for example, with alkylbenzenesulfonates, alkanesulfonates, glycerol ether sulfonates, ⁇ -methyl ester sulfonates, sulfo fatty acids, alkyl sulfates, fatty alcohol ether sulfates, Glycerol ether sulfates, hydroxy mixed ether sulfates, monoglyceride (ether) sulfates, Fatty acid amide (ether) sulfates, sulfosuccinates, sulfosuccinates, sulfotriglycerides, ether carboxylic acids, Alkyl oligoglucoside sulfates, alkyl (ether) phosphates and protein fatty acid condensates possible.
- nonionic surfactants can also be used. These include in particular the fatty alcohol polyglycol ethers, fatty amine polyglycol ethers, fatty acid sulfide polyglycol ethers, Fatty acid polyglycol esters, alkoxylated triglycerides, alkyl oligoglycosides, Sugar esters, sorbitan esters, polysorbates, polyol fatty acid esters, amine oxides, fatty acid alkanolamides, Alkyl lactams, fatty acid N-alkyl glucamides.
- m moles of ethylene oxide and n moles of propylene oxide on fatty alcohols with 8 to 22 carbon atoms can be used, where m and n each represent numbers from 0 to 15.
- such ores the individual components of which have so far been used separately cationic and anionic collectors in successive steps can be separated in one step by the collectors according to the invention, whereby Time and material costs can be reduced.
- a shared separation can be done, for example, when removing silicate and phosphate from iron ore.
- the esterquats can also be used in conjunction with fatty alcohols.
- Fatty alcohols are compounds of the formula (III) R 9 OH (III), where R 9 is an aliphatic, linear or branched hydrocarbon radical having 6 to 24 carbon atoms and 0 and / or 1, 2 or 3 double bonds.
- the fatty alcohols can be used together with the ester quats and optionally together with other co-collectors in a mixing ratio of 0.1: 1 to 10: 1.
- Preferred is the use of fatty alcohols with 6 to 8 carbon atoms, which can optionally be used as thinners for the collectors according to the invention and at the same time as foaming agents. These include in particular isotridecanol and 2-ethylhexanol.
- So-called foamers can be used to support foam formation Collectors with too little tendency to foam for a sufficiently high foam density and ensure a sufficiently long lifespan for the foam to ensure that it is as complete as possible Allow discharge of the loaded foam.
- collector or collector / co-collector systems may not be necessary, further Use foamer. In special cases, however, it may depend on the one used Flotation process may be necessary to intervene to regulate the foaming behavior.
- the alcohols in particular aliphatic alcohols with 5 to 8 carbon atoms such as n-pentanol, isoamyl alcohol, hexanol, heptanol, Methyl isobutyl carbinol, caprylic alcohol, 4-heptanol have good foaming properties.
- Natural oils can also be used to support foam.
- the alcohols, ethers and ketones such as e.g. ⁇ -terpineol, borneol, fennel alcohol, piperiton, Camphor, fenchone or 1,8-cineol have both collector and foaming properties.
- the foams are also non-ionic as part of the list Collectors mentioned polypropylene glycol ether.
- the flotation aids according to the invention can contain further substances such as pushers, activators, pH regulators and dispersants.
- guar, starch and Cellulose include, for example, naturally occurring polysaccharides such as guar, starch and Cellulose. Quebracho, tannin, dextrin (white dextrin, British gum, Yellow dextrin) and other chemical derivatives. These include derivatives in particular the starch, guar and cellulose molecules, their hydroxyl groups with a wide range of anionic, cationic and nonionic functionalities can be equipped. Typical anionic derivatives are carboxylates, sulfates, sulfonates, xanthates, phosphates. typical cationic derivatives are epoxypropyl trimethyl ammonium salts, while nonionic Compounds mainly used methyl, hydroxyethyl and hydroxypropyl derivatives become.
- anionic derivatives are carboxylates, sulfates, sulfonates, xanthates, phosphates.
- typical cationic derivatives are epoxypropyl trimethyl ammonium salts
- the esterquats are used in silicate flotation.
- the invention therefore furthermore relates to flotation aids containing esterquats of formula (I) as defined above.
- flotation aids containing esterquats of formula (I) as defined above.
- Flotation aids the esterquats, as well as fatty alcohols and / or quaternary ammonium compounds of formula (II) included.
- the flotation aids according to the invention can to adjust the rheological behavior of solvents in a proportion of 0.1 to 40% by weight, preferably contain 1 to 30% by weight and particularly preferably 2 to 15% by weight.
- glycols such as ethylene glycol, Propylene glycol or butylene glycol, but also monofunctional linear or branched alcohols such as. Contain ethanol, n-propanol or iso-propanol.
Landscapes
- Detergent Compositions (AREA)
- Physical Water Treatments (AREA)
- Emulsifying, Dispersing, Foam-Producing Or Wetting Agents (AREA)
- Separation Of Suspended Particles By Flocculating Agents (AREA)
- Processes Of Treating Macromolecular Substances (AREA)
- Polysaccharides And Polysaccharide Derivatives (AREA)
- Paper (AREA)
- Manufacture And Refinement Of Metals (AREA)
- Compositions Of Macromolecular Compounds (AREA)
- Processing Of Solid Wastes (AREA)
- Silicates, Zeolites, And Molecular Sieves (AREA)
Description
Ein weiterer Nachteil der bislang beschriebenen Sammler liegt zudem darin, daß Mineralien mit hohem Magnesiumgehalt nicht oder nur unter großen Schwierigkeiten flotierbar waren. Magnesiumsalze führen in Verbindung mit den konventionellen Sammlern auf Basis quartärer Ammoniumverbindungen zu einen äußerst stabilen Schaum, der eine hohe Halbwertszeit aufweist (also nur langsam bricht) und damit die Abtrennung des flotierten Materials zumindest stark verzögert. Während ein zu schnell brechender Schaum durch Schäumer in der Regel problemlos auf die gewünschte Schaumstärke und damit die gewünschte Halbwertszeit eingestellt werden kann, bereitet die Reduzierung der Halbwertszeit üblicherweise große Probleme. Die konvntionell praktizierte Zugabe von Entschäumern verändert in der Regel als oberflächenaktives Agens die Wechselwirkung zwischen Sammler und Mineralien derart, daß aufwendige Versuchsreihen zur Herstellung des gewünschten Gleichgewichts Halbwertszeit/Trennergebnis nötig sind. Die vorliegende Erfindung möchte hier Abhilfe schaffen.
einzeln oder im Gemisch, gegebenenfalls zusammen mit weiteren anionischen, kationischen, amphoteren und/oder nichtionischen Substanzen als Sammlerkomponente einsetzt.
In der Regel gilt hier, daß die Vermahlung der Erze so fein sein sollte, daß die einzelnen Feinkömer lediglich aus einer Sorte von Mineralien, entweder den Wertmineralien oder den Verunreinigungen. bestehen. Die ideale Korngröße muß dabei üblicherweise in Abhängigkeit vom jeweiligen Mineral ermittelt werden. Im vorliegenden Fall hat sich jedoch eine Komgrößenverteilung von etwa 5 bis 500 µm als in der Regel praktikabel herausgestellt, wobei im Einzelfall engere Verteilungen von Vorteil sein können. So lassen sich beispielsweise silikatreiche Erze mit den erfindungsgemäßen Mitteln dann mit hervorragenden Ergebnissen flotativ trennen, wenn möglichst weniger als 40, bevorzugt weniger als 30 und insbesondere bevorzugt weniger als 15 Gew.-% der gesamten Erzfraktion Korngrößen von weniger als 250 µm aufweisen. Im Sinne einer optimierten Ausführung kann es besonders bevorzugt sein, wenn die Anteile von Korngrößen oberhalb 125 µm geringer als 15 Gew.-% oder bevorzugt geringer als 10 oder 6 Gew.-% sind. Die untere Grenze der Korngrößen wird sowohl durch die Möglichkeit der maschinellen Zerkleinerung als auch durch die Handhabbarkeit der abflotierten Bestandteile bestimmt. In der Regel sollten mehr als 20 Gew.-% des Gesteinsmehl eine geringere Größe als etwa 50 µm aufweisen, wobei ein Anteil von Partikeln dieses Durchmessers von mehr als beispielsweise 30 oder 40 Gew.-% zu bevorzugen ist. Im erfindungsgemäßen Sinne ist es besonders vorteilhaft, wenn mehr als 40 Gew.-% der Erzpartikel einen Durchmesser von weniger als 45 µm aufweisen.
Bekannte kationische Sammler sind beispielsweise primäre aliphatische Amine, insbesondere die von den Fettsäuren der pflanzlichen und tierischen Fette abstammenden Fettamine, sowie bestimmte alkylsubstituierte und hydroxyalkyksubstituierte Alkylendiamine und die wasserlöslichen Salze dieser Amine.
Besonders gute Ergebnisse bei der Silikatflotation ergibt die Verwendung der Esterquats zusammen mit Fettsäurehydroxyethylimidazolinen und/oder Fettsäureaminoethyl-imidazolinen und/oder Fettsäureaminoethanolamiden und/oder Fettacylamido-fettsäureimidazoliniumsalzen und/oder Carbonsäureamidoalkylaminen.
Eine wichtige Klasse von kationischen Verbindungen sind die quartemären Ammoniumverbindungen. Es ist daher bevorzugt, die Esterquats zusammen mit quartemären Ammoniumverbindungen der Formel (II) wobei R5, R6, R7 und R8 lineare und/oder verzweigte Alkyl- und/oder Alkenylreste mit 1 bis 24 C-Atomen darstellen,
in einem Mischungsverhältnis von 0,01:1 bis 100:1einzusetzen. Bevorzugt werden hierbei etwa Trimethylalkyl(talg)ammoniumchlorid (R5, R6, R7 = Methyl, R8 = C-Kettenverteilung der Talgfettsäuren) oder Dimethyldikokosalkylammoniumchlorid (R5, R6 = Methyl; R7, R8 = C-Kettenverteilung der Kokosfettsäuren) zugegeben. Es handelt sich hierbei um Gemische von Verbindungen der Formel (II), wie sie beim Aufarbeiten von Fettsäureschnitten wie beispielsweise Talgfettsäure oder Kokosfettsäure mit nachfolgender Umsetzung zur entsprechenden quartemären Ammoniumverbindung erhältlich sind.
Tabelle 1 zeigt hierzu die Ergebnisse verschiedener Flotationshilfsmittel in denen mindestens ein erfindungsgemäßer Sammler enthalten ist. Tabelle 2 zeigt die Wirksamkeit verschiedener Sammlertypen, sowohl erfindungsgemäß als auch herkömmlich, unter Bedingungen erhöhter Magnesiumkonzentrationen.
- OMC 6317
- = Schäumer (Fa. Henkel)
- OMC6024
- = Schäumer (Fa. Henkel)
- AU 46
- = Biologisch abbaubarer Esterquat (Fa Henkel)
- AU 56
- = Biologisch abbaubarer Esterquat (Fa Henkel)
- DKMA
- = Dikokosalkyldimethylammoniumchlorid
- TTAC
- = Trimethyltalgammoniumchlorid
- OMC 5044
- = Kationischer Sammler von Henkel
- A
- = Austrag
- AG
- = Aufgabe
- F
- = flotiertes Material
- conc.
- = Rest
- Korngrößenverteilung:
- > 40 µm: >50 Gew.-%
- Silikate:
- ca. 1.5 bis 2.5 Gew.-%
- Calzit:
- ca. 97.5 bis 98.5 Gew.-%
Claims (2)
- Verfahren zur Entfernung mineralischer Verunreinigungen, insbesondere von Silikaten, aus Erzgemischen durch Flotation, indem man gemahlenes Erzgemisch mit Wasser zu einer Suspension mischt, in die Suspension in Gegenwart eines Flotationshilfsmittels Luft einleitet und den entstandenen Schaum zusammen mit den darin enthaltenen flotierten Verunreinigungen abtrennt, dadurch gekennzeichnet, daß man quaternisierte Esterverbindungen (Esterquats) der allgemeinen Formel (I), wobei R1CO für einen Acylrest mit 6 bis 24 Kohlenstoffatomen, R2 und R3 unabhängig voneinander für Wasserstoff oder R1CO, R4 für einen Alkylrest mit 1 bis 4 Kohlenstoffatomen oder eine (CH2CH2O)qH-Gruppe, m, n und p in Summe für 0 oder Zahlen von 1 bis 12, q für Zahlen von 1 bis 12 und X für Halogenid, Alkylsulfat oder Alkylphosphat steht,
einzeln oder im Gemisch, gegebenenfalls zusammen mit weiteren anionischen, kationischen, amphoteren und/oder nichtionischen Substanzen als Sammlerkomponente einsetzt. - Verfahren nach Anspruch 1, dadurch gekennzeichnet, daß durch die Formel (I) beschriebenen Esterquats zusammen mit quarternären Ammoniumverbin-dungen (QAV) der Formel (II), wobei R5, R6, R7 und R8 lineare und/oder verzweigte Alkyl- und/oder Alkenylreste mit 1 bis 24 C-Atomen darstellen,
in einem Mischungsverhältnis Esterquat:QAV von 0,01:1 bis 100:1 eingesetzt werden.
Priority Applications (1)
Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
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EP00107539A EP1025908B1 (de) | 1996-01-26 | 1997-01-17 | Biologisch abbaubare Esterquats als Flotationshilfsmittel |
Applications Claiming Priority (3)
Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
---|---|---|---|
DE19602856 | 1996-01-26 | ||
DE19602856A DE19602856A1 (de) | 1996-01-26 | 1996-01-26 | Biologisch abbaubare Esterquats als Flotationshilfsmittel |
PCT/EP1997/000186 WO1997026995A1 (de) | 1996-01-26 | 1997-01-17 | Biologisch abbaubare esterquats als flotationshilfsmittel |
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EP00107539A Division EP1025908B1 (de) | 1996-01-26 | 1997-01-17 | Biologisch abbaubare Esterquats als Flotationshilfsmittel |
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Publication Number | Publication Date |
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EP0876222A1 EP0876222A1 (de) | 1998-11-11 |
EP0876222B1 true EP0876222B1 (de) | 2004-08-25 |
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EP19970901048 Expired - Lifetime EP0876222B1 (de) | 1996-01-26 | 1997-01-17 | Biologisch abbaubare esterquats als flotationshilfsmittel |
EP00107539A Expired - Lifetime EP1025908B1 (de) | 1996-01-26 | 1997-01-17 | Biologisch abbaubare Esterquats als Flotationshilfsmittel |
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Country Status (10)
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EP (2) | EP0876222B1 (de) |
KR (1) | KR19990067053A (de) |
AT (2) | ATE274377T1 (de) |
AU (1) | AU708335B2 (de) |
BR (1) | BR9707082A (de) |
DE (3) | DE19602856A1 (de) |
ES (2) | ES2174784T3 (de) |
MX (1) | MX9805334A (de) |
WO (1) | WO1997026995A1 (de) |
ZA (1) | ZA97573B (de) |
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WO2000050003A1 (de) * | 1999-02-25 | 2000-08-31 | Chaperon Remy A | Hydrophobe, rheologisch wirksame mittel, verfahren zu ihrer herstellung und ihre verwendung |
SE514435C2 (sv) | 1999-04-20 | 2001-02-26 | Akzo Nobel Nv | Kvartära ammoniumföreningar för skumflotation av silikater från järnmalm |
WO2007122148A1 (en) * | 2006-04-21 | 2007-11-01 | Akzo Nobel N.V. | Reverse froth flotation of calcite ore |
EP1944088A1 (de) | 2007-01-12 | 2008-07-16 | Omya Development Ag | Verfahren zur Reinigung von Mineralien basierend auf Calciumcarbonat mittels Flotation bei Vorhandensein von quarternären Imidazoliummethosulfaten |
EP1949963B2 (de) * | 2007-01-26 | 2014-04-02 | Cognis IP Management GmbH | Verwendung von polymeren Esterquats für die Flotation nichtsulfidischer Mineralien and Erze |
EP1949964A1 (de) * | 2007-01-26 | 2008-07-30 | Cognis IP Management GmbH | Verfahren für die Flotation nichtsulfidischer Mineralien und Erze |
DE102008056338B4 (de) * | 2008-11-07 | 2012-02-16 | Clariant International Ltd. | Flotationsreagenz für silikathaltige Mineralien |
DE102009055379A1 (de) | 2009-12-29 | 2011-06-30 | Yara International Asa | Abwasserbehandlungsmittel zur Fettbeseitigung und Verfahren zur Abwasserbehandlung |
DE102010004893A1 (de) * | 2010-01-19 | 2011-07-21 | Clariant International Limited | Flotationsreagenz für magnetit- und/oder hämatithaltige Eisenerze |
CN102933310B (zh) * | 2010-05-28 | 2014-04-16 | 阿克佐诺贝尔化学国际公司 | 季铵化合物在泡沫浮选法中作为促集剂的用途 |
EP2679311A1 (de) * | 2012-06-30 | 2014-01-01 | Clariant S.A., Brazil | Schaumprävention beim Umkehrflotationsverfahren zur Reinigung von Calciumcarbonat |
CN104646186A (zh) * | 2015-01-30 | 2015-05-27 | 武汉理工大学 | 一种三酯基季铵盐阳离子捕收剂及其制备方法和应用 |
EP3208315A1 (de) | 2016-02-16 | 2017-08-23 | Omya International AG | Verfahren zur herstellung von produkten mit weissen pigmenten |
FR3047675B1 (fr) | 2016-02-16 | 2018-02-16 | Arkema France | Utilisation d'amines alkoxylees en tant qu'agents collecteurs pour l'enrichissement de minerai |
FR3047674B1 (fr) | 2016-02-16 | 2018-02-16 | Arkema France | Utilisation d'amines alkoxylees en tant qu'agents collecteurs pour l'enrichissement de minerai |
EP3208314B1 (de) | 2016-02-16 | 2018-08-15 | Omya International AG | Verfahren zur herstellung von produkten mit weissen pigmenten |
EP3444036A1 (de) | 2017-08-16 | 2019-02-20 | Omya International AG | Umgekehrtes flotationsverfahren zur herstellung von produkten mit weissen pigmenten |
FI3740319T3 (en) | 2018-01-16 | 2024-05-23 | Clariant Int Ltd | ESTER COATS FOR FOAMING OF SULFIDE-FREE MINERALS AND ORES AND METHOD |
WO2020245068A1 (en) * | 2019-06-06 | 2020-12-10 | Basf Se | Collectors for flotation process |
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US2177985A (en) * | 1938-03-09 | 1939-10-31 | Benjamin R Harris | Ore dressing |
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DE4224714A1 (de) * | 1992-07-27 | 1994-02-03 | Henkel Kgaa | Schäumende Detergensgemische |
SE501623C2 (sv) * | 1993-05-19 | 1995-04-03 | Berol Nobel Ab | Sätt att flotera kalciumkarbonatmalm samt ett flotationsreagens därför |
-
1996
- 1996-01-26 DE DE19602856A patent/DE19602856A1/de not_active Withdrawn
-
1997
- 1997-01-17 DE DE59706919T patent/DE59706919D1/de not_active Expired - Fee Related
- 1997-01-17 AT AT97901048T patent/ATE274377T1/de active
- 1997-01-17 AU AU14431/97A patent/AU708335B2/en not_active Ceased
- 1997-01-17 WO PCT/EP1997/000186 patent/WO1997026995A1/de not_active Application Discontinuation
- 1997-01-17 KR KR1019980702991A patent/KR19990067053A/ko not_active Application Discontinuation
- 1997-01-17 BR BR9707082A patent/BR9707082A/pt unknown
- 1997-01-17 EP EP19970901048 patent/EP0876222B1/de not_active Expired - Lifetime
- 1997-01-17 DE DE59711869T patent/DE59711869D1/de not_active Expired - Fee Related
- 1997-01-17 EP EP00107539A patent/EP1025908B1/de not_active Expired - Lifetime
- 1997-01-17 ES ES00107539T patent/ES2174784T3/es not_active Expired - Lifetime
- 1997-01-17 ES ES97901048T patent/ES2227665T3/es not_active Expired - Lifetime
- 1997-01-17 AT AT00107539T patent/ATE215404T1/de active
- 1997-01-23 ZA ZA97573A patent/ZA97573B/xx unknown
-
1998
- 1998-06-30 MX MX9805334A patent/MX9805334A/es unknown
Also Published As
Publication number | Publication date |
---|---|
EP1025908B1 (de) | 2002-04-03 |
ZA97573B (en) | 1997-07-28 |
EP0876222A1 (de) | 1998-11-11 |
DE19602856A1 (de) | 1997-07-31 |
AU708335B2 (en) | 1999-08-05 |
DE59711869D1 (de) | 2004-09-30 |
DE59706919D1 (de) | 2002-05-08 |
KR19990067053A (ko) | 1999-08-16 |
ATE215404T1 (de) | 2002-04-15 |
EP1025908A1 (de) | 2000-08-09 |
WO1997026995A1 (de) | 1997-07-31 |
AU1443197A (en) | 1997-08-20 |
BR9707082A (pt) | 1999-04-13 |
MX9805334A (es) | 1998-10-31 |
ES2174784T3 (es) | 2002-11-16 |
ATE274377T1 (de) | 2004-09-15 |
ES2227665T3 (es) | 2005-04-01 |
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