EP0840876A1 - Procede et dispositif de sechage de briques crues ceramique - Google Patents

Procede et dispositif de sechage de briques crues ceramique

Info

Publication number
EP0840876A1
EP0840876A1 EP96922040A EP96922040A EP0840876A1 EP 0840876 A1 EP0840876 A1 EP 0840876A1 EP 96922040 A EP96922040 A EP 96922040A EP 96922040 A EP96922040 A EP 96922040A EP 0840876 A1 EP0840876 A1 EP 0840876A1
Authority
EP
European Patent Office
Prior art keywords
moldings
drying
air
following
drying rack
Prior art date
Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
Granted
Application number
EP96922040A
Other languages
German (de)
English (en)
Other versions
EP0840876B1 (fr
Inventor
Christian Wagner
Konstantin Seybold
Robert Vordorfer
Current Assignee (The listed assignees may be inaccurate. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation or warranty as to the accuracy of the list.)
NOVOKERAM MAX WAGNER GmbH
Original Assignee
NOVOKERAM MAX WAGNER GmbH
Priority date (The priority date is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the date listed.)
Filing date
Publication date
Application filed by NOVOKERAM MAX WAGNER GmbH filed Critical NOVOKERAM MAX WAGNER GmbH
Publication of EP0840876A1 publication Critical patent/EP0840876A1/fr
Application granted granted Critical
Publication of EP0840876B1 publication Critical patent/EP0840876B1/fr
Anticipated expiration legal-status Critical
Expired - Lifetime legal-status Critical Current

Links

Classifications

    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B28—WORKING CEMENT, CLAY, OR STONE
    • B28B—SHAPING CLAY OR OTHER CERAMIC COMPOSITIONS; SHAPING SLAG; SHAPING MIXTURES CONTAINING CEMENTITIOUS MATERIAL, e.g. PLASTER
    • B28B11/00—Apparatus or processes for treating or working the shaped or preshaped articles
    • B28B11/24—Apparatus or processes for treating or working the shaped or preshaped articles for curing, setting or hardening
    • B28B11/243—Setting, e.g. drying, dehydrating or firing ceramic articles
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F26—DRYING
    • F26B—DRYING SOLID MATERIALS OR OBJECTS BY REMOVING LIQUID THEREFROM
    • F26B15/00—Machines or apparatus for drying objects with progressive movement; Machines or apparatus with progressive movement for drying batches of material in compact form
    • F26B15/10—Machines or apparatus for drying objects with progressive movement; Machines or apparatus with progressive movement for drying batches of material in compact form with movement in a path composed of one or more straight lines, e.g. compound, the movement being in alternate horizontal and vertical directions
    • F26B15/12—Machines or apparatus for drying objects with progressive movement; Machines or apparatus with progressive movement for drying batches of material in compact form with movement in a path composed of one or more straight lines, e.g. compound, the movement being in alternate horizontal and vertical directions the lines being all horizontal or slightly inclined
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F26—DRYING
    • F26B—DRYING SOLID MATERIALS OR OBJECTS BY REMOVING LIQUID THEREFROM
    • F26B21/00—Arrangements or duct systems, e.g. in combination with pallet boxes, for supplying and controlling air or gases for drying solid materials or objects
    • F26B21/006—Arrangements or duct systems, e.g. in combination with pallet boxes, for supplying and controlling air or gases for drying solid materials or objects the gas supply or exhaust being effected through hollow spaces or cores in the materials or objects, e.g. tubes, pipes, bottles
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F26—DRYING
    • F26B—DRYING SOLID MATERIALS OR OBJECTS BY REMOVING LIQUID THEREFROM
    • F26B21/00—Arrangements or duct systems, e.g. in combination with pallet boxes, for supplying and controlling air or gases for drying solid materials or objects
    • F26B21/02—Circulating air or gases in closed cycles, e.g. wholly within the drying enclosure
    • F26B21/022—Circulating air or gases in closed cycles, e.g. wholly within the drying enclosure with provisions for changing the drying gas flow pattern, e.g. by reversing gas flow, by moving the materials or objects through subsequent compartments, at least two of which have a different direction of gas flow

Definitions

  • the invention relates to a method and a device for drying ceramic moldings with the features in the preamble of the main method and device claim.
  • Such a method and device is known from DE-A 38 17 972.
  • an upright drying rack which has several levels, the moldings are arranged next to each other in one, two or three layers.
  • An air flow directed across the drying rack is generated by a blowing device.
  • the blowing device has air ducts that open from the side close to the drying rack.
  • the outlet opening of the blowing device is, however, smaller than the side surface of the drying rack and the molding stock located therein.
  • the fan sits above the drying rack, the air ducts being C-shaped.
  • the blowing air blows the drying air onto the moldings on one side and sucks it off on the opposite side.
  • the air guide channels arranged on both sides are connected to each other by a guide plate arranged above the drying rack in order to prevent the drying air from escaping upwards.
  • the drying racks are designed as set-down trolleys with pallets.
  • the invention solves this problem with the features in the main method and device claim.
  • the molding stock is applied to its full side surface and with the same flow conditions everywhere.
  • the drying rack has a surrounding frame that prevents the airflow from escaping sideways.
  • one or more, preferably movable and machine-adjustable screens can be arranged on the frame.
  • a suction of the air flow on the opposite side of the drying racks is preferably avoided.
  • the moldings are arranged in one layer in the drying rack.
  • the dry air can be conditioned in different ways. This can be done stationary by separate drying zones and / or dynamically with an oscillating change in temperature and / or humidity. As a result, the drying progress can be even more uniform and accelerated at the same time. Overall, there is a shorter drying time without sacrificing dry quality.
  • the dryer can be equipped with a suitable control for the oscillating conditioning. This requires little construction effort and also allows retrofitting of existing systems.
  • the molded articles can be blown directly by the oscillating conditioning, without this having negative effects on the progress of drying and the development of tension.
  • the resting phases previously required for the dry goods can be omitted.
  • the moldings can be continuously blown, which accelerates the drying process even further and the
  • the direct blowing is carried out via perforated sheets, which act as a type of diffuser and have a favorable influence on the drying behavior.
  • perforated sheets which act as a type of diffuser and have a favorable influence on the drying behavior.
  • suitable Covers can be made to avoid areas of the molded parts that are sensitive to stress from direct blowing.
  • the perforated plates can take on the support and carrying function for complicated molded designs.
  • the inventive method and the associated device are for any dry material, for. B. also wood or the like can be used. Ceramic moldings are particularly suitable, with special advantages for thin moldings, such as roof tiles, tiles, etc.
  • FIG. 1 a dryer in side view and folded top view and front view
  • FIG. 2 the front view of FIG. 1 in an enlarged view
  • FIG. 3 an enlarged top view of a blowing device
  • FIG. 4 a side view of the drying rack
  • FIG. 5 a detailed illustration of the drying rack from FIG. 4 with individual illustration of the panels in a side view and a folded end view,
  • Figure 6 a diagram with the gradients of temperature and relative humidity
  • Figure 7 a perforated plate with cover
  • Figure 1 shows a dryer (1) for ceramic moldings (6) which is designed in the embodiment shown as a continuous dryer. It has several stations or zones (2), which are preferably partitioned off from one another and in which the dry material (6) is dried with drying air (14) which is conditioned or conditioned differently. Alternatively, it can also be a single or multi-compartment chamber dryer, as is shown, for example, in FIG. 3.
  • the dry material (6) consists of ceramic moldings, which preferably have holes (20) (see FIG. 4). It is preferably a hollow brick. However, it can also be any other ceramic moldings (6).
  • the moldings (6) are stored in one or more drying racks (7), which are preferably arranged to be movable. As illustrated in FIG. 4, the drying racks (7) are arranged upright and have one or more horizontal support strips (19) on which the individual moldings (6) lie.
  • the moldings (6) are arranged horizontally next to one another in a few layers. In the preferred embodiment, there is only one layer. But it can also be two or more layers with correspondingly wide support strips (19).
  • the drying racks (7) have a circumferential frame (15), which laterally encloses the molding (6) with a small distance.
  • the frame can, for. B. attached via suitable trolleys (22) to a rail (23) running through the dryer (1) and at the lower end via suitable guides
  • the rail (23) extends through the dryer (1) and its stations (2). Via a lockable entrance
  • the drying racks (7) move through the dryer (1) along the arrow in the top view of FIG. 1.
  • the supply and conditioning of the dry air can take place in a conventional manner and / or in a special manner described below.
  • a longitudinally running hot air duct (3) is arranged on the roof of the dryer
  • the nozzle can e.g. be directed directly at the inlet or the suction side of a blowing device (4).
  • the hot air can be mixed with the existing room air.
  • suitable heating devices (36) for heating up or reheating the fresh air or the ambient air can be present.
  • Humidification devices (37) can also be provided.
  • One or more blowing devices (4) are arranged in the dryer (1) and direct an air flow (14) from the side onto the molding stock (6).
  • the size of the outlet opening (12) of the blowing device (4) is matched to the side surface of the molded stock (6). The whole
  • a blanket (6) in the drying rack (7) is subjected to an air flow (14) on its full side surface, which is largely laminar and horizontally directed and which has a largely equal pressure distribution over the entire inflow surface.
  • an air flow (14) on its full side surface which is largely laminar and horizontally directed and which has a largely equal pressure distribution over the entire inflow surface.
  • the blowing device (4) can be designed differently. It is close to with its outlet opening (12)
  • the blowing device (4) can be designed differently.
  • Figures 2 and 3 illustrate a preferred embodiment, the particular advantages in terms of Has uniformity of flow conditions.
  • the blowing device (4) shown consists of one or more, preferably two, stationary fans (5). These have a stationary vertical jacket (11) which is cylindrical. A suitable fan wheel (10), which is driven by a motor, rotates in the interior. The jacket (11) is closed at the lower end. At the upper end it has a widening inflow nozzle (9), through which on the one hand the room air can be drawn in from the drying chamber and on the other hand through which fresh air or hot air can be supplied from the duct (3).
  • the jacket (11) has a tangential outlet (28), which preferably extends over the entire jacket height.
  • a tangential outlet (28) can be present in the lower jacket area, which compensates for the natural pressure gradient inside the jacket.
  • the slope compensation can also be carried out using a conical jacket or in another suitable way.
  • the two fans (5) are preferably arranged only on one side of the drying rack (7) and in the immediate vicinity next to one another. Their outlets (28) open into conically widening air guiding channels (8), which extend to the drying rack (7) and end there in the immediate vicinity of the frame (15) or the molding (6).
  • a diffuser (13) is arranged in each air guide channel (8), which makes the air flow (14) more uniform and is preferably designed as a curved perforated plate (cf. FIG. 3).
  • the air guiding channels (8) abut one another on the drying rack (7) and together form the aforementioned outlet opening (12), which extends over the entire side surface of the molding stock (6).
  • the size of the drying racks (7) is preferably matched to the size of the moldings (6).
  • the moldings (6) are also arranged such that they are surrounded on both sides and above by a free space (21) which is chosen so large that the speed of the flow directed through the holes (20) is substantially the same as that Velocity of the air flow directed through the free spaces (21).
  • the size of the free spaces (21) depends on the number and size of the holes (20). In practice, the free spaces (21) have a width of approximately 1 to 4 cm.
  • the height of the support strips (19) can be adjusted on the one hand or adapted to the height of the molded articles (6) from the outset.
  • the side spacing of the moldings (6) is ensured by a suitable loading technique when loading the drying racks (7).
  • Movable screens (16) are preferably arranged on the frame (15) for the lateral spacing at the edges of the molding (6). They can be plugged in.
  • there is an infeed device (17) which is equipped, for example, with a parallelogram handlebar.
  • the screens (16) can thus be positioned with the exact edges on the horizontal and vertical edges of the molding (6) in order to create constant free spaces (21).
  • the side panels (16) can have recesses (18) which correspond to the support strips (19) (cf. FIG. 5).
  • blowing devices (4) are arranged on the same side of the drying racks (7).
  • the dry material (6) is always blown from the same direction.
  • the moldings (6) are preferably continuously without substantial interruption of the
  • the flow is preferably interrupted only when changing stations.
  • the temperature and / or humidity of the air stream can be kept constant during blowing.
  • the temperature and / or relative humidity of the drying air (14) in the partitioned zone (2) or the complete drying chamber are changed in an oscillating manner at least in stages, the values fluctuating rhythmically around or at a preset value .
  • the drying air is conditioned using a suitable air conditioning system (29).
  • a suitable air conditioning system (29).
  • This can be designed differently.
  • it contains at least one humidification device (37) with which steam or water can be introduced into the dry air.
  • the air conditioning device (29) can also have a heater (36) for the recirculating air and / or the outside air or fresh air.
  • the air conditioner (29) is e.g. arranged on the roof of the dryer (1) and in the area of the hot air duct (3).
  • the air conditioning device (29) has a suitable controller (33) with which the conditioning of the dry air can be changed in an oscillating manner.
  • the controller (33) is preferably freely programmable. It is designed as an electronic circuit or as a computer with one or more microprocessors and has suitable data memories, bus systems, input and output units and interfaces for the connection - left
  • controller (33) can also be integrated in a higher-level controller or can be assigned in a modular manner.
  • preset values for temperature and relative humidity are stored, which are adapted to the drying behavior of the respective moldings (6). They are preferably in the form of gradients (35).
  • gradients there are e.g. for the temperature, a heating phase with rising temperatures, a holding phase with constant temperature and a final phase with rising temperature.
  • the relative humidity shows a reverse behavior. It is relatively high at the beginning in order not to dry out the molding (6) too quickly and decreases rapidly around the end of the temperature holding phase.
  • Temperature and relative humidity refer to the dry air flow (14) and depend on each other.
  • the moisture and / or the temperature fluctuate during or around the preset value or gradient (35) during the drying process.
  • Practical values for the fluctuation range are e.g. for humidity approx. ⁇ 10% and for temperature approx. ⁇ 3 ° C. These sample values can vary up and / or down depending on the dry material.
  • Fluctuation means that the values for temperature and / or relative humidity briefly exceed the specified value, then briefly fall below it, then exceed it again, etc.
  • the fluctuation preferably occurs around the specified value, which forms the 0 line. However, it can also happen that the fluctuations are shifted from the default value and above or take place below.
  • a certain rhythm can exist in the fluctuations. This is e.g. the case when the value changes are specified by the controller (33) as programmed variables.
  • the rhythm can be set using a timer (34).
  • Both values for humidity and / or temperature can be individually influenced and monitored in the control (33) or the regulation.
  • Humidity control.
  • the other parameter then changes accordingly.
  • One or both parameters can be monitored as actual values as part of the control.
  • the oscillating change in air conditioning takes place during the entire drying process.
  • this can also be done in stages, e.g. only during the heating and holding phase of the temperature.
  • Other forms of stage formation are also possible.
  • the formations (6) are relatively thin-walled structures, for example roof tiles, tiles or the like.
  • the blanks (6) are blown directly with the air stream (14) in the aforementioned manner, the air stream (14) being transverse or oblique to one or both broad sides of the blanks (6) is directed
  • the moldings (6) are blown with the air stream (14) during the entire drying process.
  • the usual rest periods and the rhythm of blowing are no longer necessary. They are replaced by the oscillating conditioning of the dry air. Alternatively, however, it is possible to temporarily stop blowing and to develop a certain rhythm, if necessary.
  • a perforated plate (30, 31) can be arranged at least on one side in front of the moldings (6) in the blowing direction.
  • perforated plates (30, 31) are arranged at the front and rear when the moldings (6) are blown on both sides.
  • the perforated plates (30, 31) are characterized by a large number of relatively small openings, between which larger openings can also be present, at least in regions.
  • the perforated sheets are characterized by a large number of relatively small openings, between which larger openings can also be present, at least in regions.
  • (30, 31) have one or more covers (32) through which sensitive areas of the moldings (6) can be sealed off from the air flow (14).
  • the perforated plates (30, 31) act as a kind of diffuser. To fulfill this function, they can also be designed differently in a suitable manner.
  • the perforated plates (30, 31) can be designed as mold carriers. Such a design is particularly suitable for ridge tiles.
  • the curvature of the mold carrier is adapted to the arch shape of the brick and supports it.
  • the holes or openings are preferably located in the arch region of the mold carrier and ensure targeted drying of the relatively sensitive brick arch.
  • the side flanges of the omega-shaped mold carrier adjoining the curvature edge can be solid or also perforated and support the brick edges. Modifications of the mold carrier shape are possible in any way and in adaptation to the respective mold shape.

Landscapes

  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
  • General Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Ceramic Engineering (AREA)
  • Structural Engineering (AREA)
  • Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
  • Drying Of Solid Materials (AREA)
  • Devices For Post-Treatments, Processing, Supply, Discharge, And Other Processes (AREA)
  • Press-Shaping Or Shaping Using Conveyers (AREA)

Abstract

L'invention concerne un procédé et un dispositif de séchage de briques crues en céramique (6) superposées sur plusieurs niveaux et juxtaposées sur un petit nombre de rangées, dans une structure de séchage (7) verticale. Le séchage s'effectue au moyen d'un flux d'air (14), dirigé transversalement, qui souffle sur la totalité de la surface latérale de la charge de briques crues (6) avec une répartition sensiblement régulière de la pression sur ladite surface. La charge de briques crues (6) est étroitement entourée par un cadre (15) de la structure de séchage. Le dispositif de soufflage (4) possède un orifice de sortie (12) qui couvre la totalité de la surface latérale de la charge (6) contenue dans la structure de séchage (7). Au niveau de l'orifice de sortie (12), la répartition de pression dans le flux d'air (14) est sensiblement uniforme. La température et/ou l'humidité de l'air de séchage (14) peuvent fluctuer.
EP96922040A 1995-07-27 1996-06-27 Procede et dispositif de sechage de briques crues ceramique Expired - Lifetime EP0840876B1 (fr)

Applications Claiming Priority (3)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
DE19527415A DE19527415A1 (de) 1995-07-27 1995-07-27 Verfahren und Vorrichtung zum Trocknen von keramischen Formlingen
DE19527415 1995-07-27
PCT/EP1996/002815 WO1997005437A1 (fr) 1995-07-27 1996-06-27 Procede et dispositif de sechage de briques crues ceramique

Publications (2)

Publication Number Publication Date
EP0840876A1 true EP0840876A1 (fr) 1998-05-13
EP0840876B1 EP0840876B1 (fr) 2001-08-22

Family

ID=7767902

Family Applications (1)

Application Number Title Priority Date Filing Date
EP96922040A Expired - Lifetime EP0840876B1 (fr) 1995-07-27 1996-06-27 Procede et dispositif de sechage de briques crues ceramique

Country Status (4)

Country Link
EP (1) EP0840876B1 (fr)
DE (2) DE19527415A1 (fr)
ES (1) ES2159748T3 (fr)
WO (1) WO1997005437A1 (fr)

Cited By (2)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
CN109323552A (zh) * 2018-10-12 2019-02-12 马鞍山沐及信息科技有限公司 一种石膏制备厂专用烘干装置
CN113776312A (zh) * 2021-10-22 2021-12-10 合肥陶陶新材料科技有限公司 一种双面纹理陶瓷砖制作用烘干设备

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DE19719183C1 (de) * 1997-05-06 1998-05-28 Lingl Anlagenbau Vorrichtung zum Trocknen und Verfahren zum Trocknen von Keramikformlingen
EP0877220A3 (fr) 1997-05-06 2000-12-20 Hans Lingl Anlagenbau und Verfahrenstechnik GmbH & Co. KG Dispositif et procédé de séchage de corps céramiques moulés
DE29721763U1 (de) * 1997-12-10 1999-04-08 Novokeram Max Wagner GmbH, 86381 Krumbach Trockeneinrichtung für hohle keramische Formlinge
ES2180355B1 (es) * 1999-06-04 2005-04-16 Gartea Ingenieria, S.L. Perfeccionamiento de tunel de secado para vagonetas de material ceramico.
DE102007062851A1 (de) 2007-11-27 2009-05-28 Robert Thomas Metall- Und Elektrowerke Gmbh & Co. Kg Trockner für gelochte Keramikformlinge
DE202011051701U1 (de) 2011-10-20 2013-01-23 Hans Lingl Anlagenbau Und Verfahrenstechnik Gmbh & Co. Kg Trockeneinrichtung
CN103727770A (zh) * 2013-12-20 2014-04-16 韩军 一种料斗烘干装置、塑胶原料干燥方法及多级烘料机
CN111037696A (zh) * 2019-12-20 2020-04-21 湖州练市鸿泰木业有限公司 一种木质装饰条生产用工艺
CN112299863B (zh) * 2020-10-27 2022-08-12 杭州翰锋新材料科技有限公司 一种钢包包衬耐材的加工方法
CN116399108B (zh) * 2023-06-07 2023-08-29 福建省德化县创荣陶瓷有限公司 一种陶瓷加工用瓷胚干燥装置

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Cited By (2)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
CN109323552A (zh) * 2018-10-12 2019-02-12 马鞍山沐及信息科技有限公司 一种石膏制备厂专用烘干装置
CN113776312A (zh) * 2021-10-22 2021-12-10 合肥陶陶新材料科技有限公司 一种双面纹理陶瓷砖制作用烘干设备

Also Published As

Publication number Publication date
WO1997005437A1 (fr) 1997-02-13
DE59607542D1 (de) 2001-09-27
EP0840876B1 (fr) 2001-08-22
DE19527415A1 (de) 1997-01-30
ES2159748T3 (es) 2001-10-16

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