Classifications

• • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
  • C11—ANIMAL OR VEGETABLE OILS, FATS, FATTY SUBSTANCES OR WAXES; FATTY ACIDS THEREFROM; DETERGENTS; CANDLES
  • C11C—FATTY ACIDS FROM FATS, OILS OR WAXES; CANDLES; FATS, OILS OR FATTY ACIDS BY CHEMICAL MODIFICATION OF FATS, OILS, OR FATTY ACIDS OBTAINED THEREFROM
  • C11C5/00—Candles
  • C11C5/006—Candles wicks, related accessories
• • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
  • F21—LIGHTING
  • F21V—FUNCTIONAL FEATURES OR DETAILS OF LIGHTING DEVICES OR SYSTEMS THEREOF; STRUCTURAL COMBINATIONS OF LIGHTING DEVICES WITH OTHER ARTICLES, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
  • F21V35/00—Candle holders
• • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
  • F23—COMBUSTION APPARATUS; COMBUSTION PROCESSES
  • F23D—BURNERS
  • F23D3/00—Burners using capillary action
  • F23D3/02—Wick burners
  • F23D3/16—Wick burners using candles
• • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
  • F23—COMBUSTION APPARATUS; COMBUSTION PROCESSES
  • F23D—BURNERS
  • F23D3/00—Burners using capillary action
  • F23D3/02—Wick burners
  • F23D3/18—Details of wick burners
  • F23D3/24—Carriers for wicks

Definitions

• the invention relates to a paraffin lamp (tea light and lamp) with a fuel-receiving container and at least partially covered by a cover, in which a non-flammable wick is located in a wick holder, the wick holder being a receiving tube for the lower portion of the wick and adjoining it at the top Has funnel segments as fuel and heat radiation receiver; Furthermore, the invention relates to an incombustible wick and to the shape of the combustible fuel in the lamp.
• the object of the invention is to further develop and improve the paraffin lamp and its components with regard to
• the first object is achieved according to claim 1 in that above the container near the wick holder at least one rolling or standing body or in the container around the wick holder a disc body made of solid fuel is positioned, the fuel of the rolling and the stand body or the disk body is melted and collected by the container and / or the wick holder as replenishment fuel.
• the second object is achieved by a wick holder which can be produced simply and inexpensively from a stamped blank in the bending process and has a simple position fixing in the lid of the fuel container according to claims 2 and 3.
• the wick holder is hung into the container without direct heat transfer to the bottom of the container and has good air flow and heat transfer to the fuel and an optimal fuel specification to the wick.
• this wick holder allows an insight into the container for the remaining fuel despite the lid.
• the third task is solved by the wick formed from twisted quartz glass fiber bundles with an outer jacket-side or continuous gluing according to claim 4, wherein the wick has good absorbency and has a glowing zone migrating downwards for good continuous combustion performance of the incombustible wick.
• the wick glows when going out over the endangered one, which closes the wick Zone downwards, ie practically until just before the end of the funnel of the wick holder.
• an incombustible wick according to claim 18 which has a core made of absorbent material, preferably quartz glass fibers, and is surrounded by a metal wire coil and / or a tube made of quartz glass, with between the upper .burning zone and the lower preheating zone. and suction zone of the wick an interruption is provided as insulation.
• This interruption prevents the flame from running downwards, so that it is only in the burning zone with the high flame temperature and an optimal (long) insulation area for the temperature transition of approx. 80 ° to 220 ° between preheating and suction zone and burning zone reached.
• the interruption allows a certain thermal conductivity to preheat the paraffin in the wick, but this does not affect the high flame temperature.
• the firing zone formed by the metal wire coil or the hose and limited by the interruption or insulation is relatively long in accordance with the desired flame height, so that the high temperatures are maintained in the firing area.
• the lower area of the metal wire helix or the hose can also be provided with an insulating layer be, which has a high flash point and contributes to the definition of the flame, but also does not affect the heat conduction in the wick to preheat the fuel.
• Burning residues are completely burned in the preheating zone by turning the metal wire coil or quartz glass tube red-hot when the flame goes out, and then burning the possibly few burning residues completely. Holes in the funnel of the wick holder provide the outgoing flame with sufficient oxygen to completely burn off any burning residues.
• the metal wire coil or the quartz glass tube gradually becomes red-hot from top to bottom and this results in the flawless destruction of the burning residues.
• the paraffin to be burned retains its original color and does not change color.
• Such an incombustible wick used in a paraffin lamp advantageously has a defined flame area with a high flame temperature, enables clean and residue-free burning and has an almost unlimited functionality (service life).
• the fuel which has a composition of carbohydrates in medium chain length and with an added glow conveyor, which is fed to the wick from the paraffin, and thereby has a better burning effect in the glow zone when the wick is burned by increasing the temperature, contributes to the solution of the fourth object according to claim 37 arises so that the residues burn better and completely.
• Another object is a special arrangement of the fuel ball or balls to the wick holder (s) on the container or the paraffin lamp, which are different can be designed and is listed in claims 5 to 14 and 25 to 35.
• the paraffin lamp according to the invention is designed as a handy and inexpensive to manufacture candlestick, which is compact, space-saving can be placed on a table or the like and allows a visible melting with a shape-changing appearance of the fuel body.
• the fuel bodies are assigned to the flame or arranged around it and then melted by the heat of the flame, resulting in shapely and shape-changing melt patterns.
• this paraffin lamp can be equipped with a roll bar or a feed trough on which several burners are placed, which then roll automatically one after the other in the direction of the flame and are burned there.
• the dripping fuel is returned to the luminaire container and then forms a replenishment fuel.
• An interchangeable glass fleece is advantageously arranged on the lid of the lamp container, which forms a melting plate for placing the fuel body, which absorbs dripping fuel until it is saturated and results in a uniform, clean surface, which gives the lamp container a beautiful appearance and none Impairment caused by burning residues or the like.
• Another task is seen in a favorable design of the fuel for the wick and the lamp, due to the extremely simple handling for the fuel specification on the lamp and an automatic, clean fuel supply to the flame area of the lamp, avoiding contamination of the lamp by fuel.
• the solid fuel bodies can have a wide variety of geometrical spatial shapes and are preferably designed as rolling bodies.
• the fuel balls are held in position in the dome of the container lid by star-shaped or differently shaped shapes, so that when the paraffin melts, there is no twisting or tilting of the fuel balls despite the shift in the center of gravity.
• a further task regarding a special shape of the fuel is solved by a Brcnnm ⁇ tcri ⁇ lcchcibe (tablet) according to claims 16 and 17, which surrounds the wick holder and includes the wick while leaving an air opening and has a good melting behavior when ignited.
• the wick is ignited in the air opening, whereby the flame immediately melts the paraffin and supplies it to the wick.
• the existing (remaining) segment of paraffin of the fuel disc opposite the air opening is relatively large and the wick can thus be ignited in a fire-proof manner.
• the size (diameter and height) of the container is designed as a normal (large or small) tea light pot and can be used in any normal (conventional) luminaire housing.
• FIG. 1 shows a vertical section and a top view of one and two paraffin lamps in the form of a tea light with several spherical bodies of fuel positioned around an incombustible wick near the flame on a melting plate,
• FIG. 3 shows a vertical section and a top view of one and four paraffin lamps with several spherical bodies positioned on a ring insert with contact lugs
• Fig. 5 is a side view in partial section and a and 6 plan view of a paraffin lamp with a
• FIG. 7 shows a vertical section and a top view of one and 8 paraffin lamps with an annular body detachably placed on the lamp container with roll bars for two spherical bodies in each case,
• Fig. 9 is a vertical section and a plan view of one and 10 paraffin lamp with removable on the lamp holder mounted bracket for several
• Fig. 11 is a vertical section and a plan view of a and 12 paraffin lamp with lamp stand with roller channel for stored roll body
• Fig. 19 is a vertical section through one in one
• Fig. 27 is a vertical section through a
• Paraffin lamp with a central wick holder and two fuel balls, suspended in a container
• Fig. 28 is a vertical section through and a plan view of and 29 a paraffin lamp with an outside
• FIG. 30 shows a vertical section through and a top view of and FIG. 31 shows a paraffin lamp with a central wick holder and three fuel balls arranged around it and a glass cylinder,
• FIG. 32 shows a vertical section through and a top view of and 33 shows a paraffin lamp with a central wick holder and fuel balls arranged on a trough and a manually usable flame extinguisher
• 35 is a side view of a container with a removable decorative and flame extinguishing lid
• FIG. 36 shows a vertical section through a paraffin lamp with a fuel disc inserted into the container around the wick holder, which container has a central wick holder,
• Fig. 37 is a vertical section through and a plan view of and 38 the fuel disc.
• the paraffin lamp has a bowl-shaped or pot-shaped container (50) in which a flammable wick (52) is held in a wick holder (51); through the wick holder (51) the fuel (W) filled into the container (50) receives heat of fusion and the melt flows to the wick (52).
• the wick holder (51) consists of thin-walled metal and surrounds the wick (52) on all sides, leaving an inflow gap.
• the wick holder (51) is cylindrical and has a receiving tube (cannula) (53) in the bottom of the center, into which the wick (52) is inserted. This receiving tube (53) widens at the top to a funnel (54) reaching to the upper edge of the wick holder (51), from which the wick (52) protrudes upwards.
• the container (50) there is at least one, preferably several, rolling or standing bodies (RK, SK) made of fuel (W) in solid form near the flame, the fuel (W) melted by the flame heat and is caught by the container (50) and / or the wick holder (51) as replenishment fuel.
• RK, SK rolling or standing bodies
• the cover (55) of the container (50) forming a melting plate is designed like a flat funnel to its central flame opening (56) and a ring insert (57) with molded-out system lugs (58) for positioning is in the flame opening (56) several, preferably three rolling elements (RK) removably inserted around the flame (F).
• the paraffin lamp has a lamp stand (60) with a base (61) for receiving the container (50) and a bracket part (62) pulled upwards at a distance around the container (50) with above the container (50) horizontal positioning holder (63) in pocket form for a rolling or standing body (RK, SK); the positioning receptacle (63) has a stop (64) holding the rolling or standing body (RK, SK) at a distance from the flame (F) and a drip nose (65) for the melted in the container (50) or the wick holder (51) dripping back fuel.
• the lid (55) of the container (50) to its central flame opening (56) is formed like a flat funnel and in the flame opening (56) a ring insert (67) with one or more, each two or more roll bodies (RK) storing roll bars (66) are removably inserted, each roll bar (66) having a molded-on retaining stop (64) at a distance from the flame (F).
• Each roll bar (66) can also be equipped with a drip nose (65).
• 11 and 12 has a lamp stand (68) with a stand (69) for receiving the container (50) and a stand bracket (70) adjoining the stand (69) and pulled upwards and upwards and one from the top End of the stand bracket (70) to the flame opening (56) in the cover (55) of the container (50) curved and / or sloping roller channel (71) for several rolling elements (RK); this roll rinno (71) has a retention stop (64) at a distance from the flame (F) for the first roll body (RK).
• the roller channel (71) is separated between the first flame-side roller body (RK) and the subsequent second roller body (RK) to interrupt the heat conduction through a slot (73).
• the separated channel part (71a) for the first rolling element (RK) is inserted with a ring insert (74) into the flame opening (56) so that it can be removed.
• the retention stop (64) in the form of a web or the like and a drip nose (65) for the fuel falling into the container (50) and / or the wick holder (51) is attached to the separated gutter part (71a).
• a heat-insulating layer (75) can be arranged (Fig. 11), which also under the container that can be set up without a stand (50) acc. Fig. 7 and the tealight according to Fig. 1 can be provided.
• the base (50b) of the container (50) is fixed in position by a magnet (76) on the base (61, 69) of the lamp stand (60, 70).
• the lid (55) can be inserted as a separate part into the container (50), or it can be made in one piece with the container (50).
• the wick holder (51) is on a holder plate (77) placed on the container base (50b) with molded and in
• the holding plate (77) is designed as a hollow plate with a peripheral edge (77a), so that it lies at a certain distance above the container bottom (50b) and between the holding plate (77) and the container bottom (50b ) there is also fuel (W) for supplying the wick (52).
• the container (50) is carried by a vertical stand (91) with a base (93).
• the container (50) has a removable cover (55) with a seal (94) in the form of an O-ring inserted in a circumferential cover groove (55a), and this cover (55) overlaps the upper, preferably cylindrical, seal (94) Edge section (50c) of the container (50) can be removed in a sealed manner.
• a socket (90) made of plastic, rubber or the like.
• Collar bushing (95) made of metal or the like is pressed in by molded projections (95a) or is screwed into a thread, into which a receptacle (50) is fixed on the stand (91)
• Head bolt (96) provided in its head (97)
• Threaded hole (97a) is screwed in.
• a felt ring (98) is arranged, which is overlapped by a metal cap (99) carrying the wick holder (51).
• the paraffin lamp is a chandelier that can be used in two versions.
• One option is to operate the lamp with paraffin by inserting a ring tablet made of paraffin that fills almost the entire container or in a second option with the paraffin rolling elements (RK).
• RK paraffin rolling elements
• the wick holder (51) with wick is arranged in the container (50) on the metal cap (99).
• the all-round cover seal (94) prevents liquefied paraffin from escaping when the lamp is moved and switched off.
• 13 to 18 different forms of the rolling or standing body (RK, SK) are shown for example; the rolling element (RK) can be of a ball (Fig. 13) or a cylinder (Fig. 15) with / without a circumferential collar (80).
• 14 and 16- and the standing body (SK) 17 and 18 - be formed by a block, rod or disc with air channels (81).
• this collar (80) can run between the roll bar (66).
• the stand bodies (SK) can have a wide variety of geometric spatial shapes, such as cube, pyramid, triangle, polygonal or oval shape.
• This wick (52) consists of a core (82) made of a heat-resistant fiber material, preferably quartz glass fibers, and is surrounded by a metal wire coil (83) and / or a tube (84) made of quartz glass; the wick (52) has a circular cross section.
• the metal wire helix (83) or the hose (84) are at least partially interrupted in the longitudinal direction of the wick to reduce the heat conduction between the top-end combustion zone (BZ) and the bottom-end preheating and suction zone and / or with thermal insulation (86, 87 ) fitted.
• the interruption (85) of the metal wire helix (83) lies within the funnel (54) on the top in the wick holder (51). 19-.
• the coil (83) is divided into two and has an upper coil (83a), which extends over the firing zone (BZ), with turns spaced apart (one above the other) and a closed turn at the upper end of the wick. These helical turns, which are not close together, enable quick ignition.
• the helix (83) has a lower (second) helix (83b) which, following the interruption (85), extends over the preheating and suction zone (VZ, SZ) and has the same turn as the upper helix (83a) or can have a narrower turn.
• the insulating layer (87) sits in the narrow turns of the helix (83b) and results in optimal thermal insulation from the outside.
• insulating body (86) made of an insulating material with a high flash point, preferably made of porcelain, plastic, melamine or. Arranged like that, which is inserted into a heat for pre-softening the fuel (W) receiving sheet metal cap (101).
• the wick core (82) according to FIG. 21 consists of absorbent, textured material, preferably quartz glass, and is surrounded over its entire length by a smooth tube (84) made of non-textured material, preferably quartz glass; around the hose (84) is in the area of the preheating and suction zone (VZ, SZ) arranged a metal wire coil (83 b), which is also surrounded by a fire-resistant insulating layer (87) to reduce the heat conduction over a portion of its length.
• the entire length of the wick core (82) can be surrounded by a tube (84) around which a fire-resistant insulating body (86) with a high flash point in the area of the preheating and suction zone (VZ, SZ) to interrupt the heat conduction is arranged on a portion of the hose length.
• the copper wire (88) is in the form of a rod or tube.
• this can be formed from flat material into a tube or formed from wire into a tube coil, so that a capillary tube is created, whereby an absolutely free suction zone in the core of the wick (52) is obtained.
• the funnel (54) in the wick holder (51) has holes (72) through which the paraffin can flow down into the container (50). Because of the poor heat conduction of the wick (52), good annealing is ensured even without holes (72) as air holes.
• the flame (F) cannot jump down to the wick (52) through the insulating layer (87) or the insulating body (86).
• the insulation layer (87) or the insulating body (86) forms a transition zone from the warm (hot) to the cooler (cold) wick area.
• 25 to 38 has a fuel (W) -paraffin / wax-absorbing and pot-shaped or bowl-shaped container (50) at least partially covered by a cover (55), in which in a wick holder (100/51) is an incombustible wick (52), the wick holder (100/51) showing a receiving tube (102) for the lower wick section and funnel segments (103) adjoining it upwards as fuel and heat radiation receivers.
• the wick holder (100) is suspended in an opening (56) in the container lid (55) and the wick holder (100) is not arranged to transmit heat directly to the container base (50b).
• the wick holder (100) is formed in one piece from a cross-shaped blank (Zl) made of very thin sheet metal, aluminum sheet or the like with a central hole (104) according to FIG. 10 a and becomes the underside receiving tube (102), two of which follow adjoining funnel segments (103) adjoining at the top and hanging edges (105) projecting outwards at their upper ends, shaped as shown in FIGS. 34 a to 34 e.
• the wick holder (100) is formed in one piece from a thin, rectangular sheet metal blank of approximately 52 x 18.5 mm.
• the funnel segments (103) form a funnel (106) which adjoins the receiving tube (102) and widens upwards.
• the funnel segments (103) of the wick holder (100) leave openings (shafts) (106a) between them (on the circumference or opposite) to allow an insight into the remaining amount of fuel (W) in the container (50) and enable the Wicking ignites a heat radiation of the fuel residue in the container (50) without the fuel balls (RK) placed on it.
• the wick (52) consists of a copper wire core and textured quartz glass fibers and the quartz glass fibers are glued in the outer jacket or continuously by a fire and glow-resistant binder.
• the textured fibers are plucked to increase absorbency.
• the wick core (copper wire) and the wick jacket (quartz glass fibers) together have a diameter of approximately 1.7 to 2.5 mm, preferably 2.4 mm.
• the wick (52) Because of the attached wick holder (100), the wick (52) has a glow zone which migrates down to near the end of the funnel.
• the edge of the wick holder is cooler due to the heat given off and the paraffin located there is not gasified, so that no residue is formed.
• an insert dome (107) for a large fuel ball (RK) is formed in the center of the cover (55) and around this insert dome (107) there are three evenly distributed wick holders (100) in a circle Lid openings (56) hooked in; in the insert dome formed by the cover (55)
• (107) is a star-shaped or other design
• a tripod-shaped heat conducting plate (109) is arranged, which is in contact with the bottom parts of the three wick holders (100) for heat transfer and is only punctiform (with very small support points -109a) on the container base (50b) while avoiding a supports higher heat transfer.
• a central wick holder (100) suspended in the container lid (55) is assigned two opposing insert domes (110) for two fuel balls (RK) which are snapped into the lid (55). Due to the good heat transfer to the lid (55), the paraffin is completely melted.
• the insert domes (110) engage with plug-in latching tips (110a) in holes (111) in the cover (55).
• the fuel balls (RK) are higher due to the calottes (110) and are supported on the edge of the calotte during melting, so that ball rotation is prevented.
• the container (50) - tea light - is eccentrically inserted in a luminaire housing (LG) and in the lid (LGD) of the luminaire housing (LG) there are several insertion domes (112) for magazine-shaped fuel balls (RK).
• FIGS. 30 and 31 show a paraffin lamp which has a wick holder (100) suspended in the center of the container lid (55); in the container lid (55) are three in the with the same distance from each other and from the wick holder (100) is formed around the insert cups (107), each with a star-shaped shape (108) for fixing the position and preventing rotation of the fuel balls (RK).
• This container (50) is inserted into a lamp housing (LG) and around the container cover (55) there is an insert ring (114) for a glass cylinder (115) inserted between the container cover (55) and the opening (113) of the lamp housing cover (LGD) .
• a central wick holder (100) is suspended in the container lid (55), on the one hand an angled and / or the curved trough (66) -rolling bracket- with a wicking-side melting pan (66a) for several fuel balls ( RK) and, on the other hand, a plug-on holder (116) with a hat-shaped flame extinguisher (117) with a handle (118) which is held there detachably.
• the melting trough (66a) has a retention stop (64) for the first fuel ball (RK).
• the roller bracket (66) is insulated from the melting trough (66a) and the container lid (55) and the container (50) by insulation (66b) against heat transfer.
• a disk body (119) made of fuel — a fuel disk — is inserted around the wick holder (51) in the container (50).
• the container (50) according to FIG. 36 has a removable cover (55) with a seal (94) in the form of an O-ring inserted in a circumferential cover groove (55a) and this cover (55) overlaps with its seal (94) Upper, preferably cylindrical edge portion (50c) of the container (50) sealed removable.
• a flat funnel-shaped ring insert (67) which results in a wick and flame opening (56) and which holds the roll bar (66).
• the wick holder (51) is held by a metal cap (99) on a felt ring (98) in the container (50).
• the fuel disc (tablet) (119) partially surrounds the wick (52) and at the same time exposes an air opening (120).
• the fuel disc (11) has a circular basic shape and a thickness that corresponds to a part of the disc diameter; In the center of the disc there is a semicircular air opening (120) and a semicircular one, opposite this, a funnel segment (103) of the wick holder
• 36 represents a combination device which can be operated either with a fuel disc (119) or with fuel balls (RK).
• the fuel (W) -paraffin- is an incandescent conveyor in solid or liquid form to facilitate wick annealing and to clean the capillary of the wick
• the glow conveyor is added to the paraffin weight in fractions of a percent.
• the paraffin has a very narrow melting point range of eg 54 to 56 ° C and consists of medium-length carbohydrate chains.
• the medium chain lengths avoid these disadvantages.
• a small fuel ball (RK) preferably weighs 7.5g, which corresponds to half a tea light.

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• Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
• Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
• General Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
• Combustion & Propulsion (AREA)
• Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
• Life Sciences & Earth Sciences (AREA)
• General Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
• Chemical Kinetics & Catalysis (AREA)
• Oil, Petroleum & Natural Gas (AREA)
• Wood Science & Technology (AREA)
• Organic Chemistry (AREA)
• Non-Portable Lighting Devices Or Systems Thereof (AREA)
• Vessels And Coating Films For Discharge Lamps (AREA)
• Details Of Rigid Or Semi-Rigid Containers (AREA)
• Lighters Containing Fuel (AREA)

Applications Claiming Priority (3)

Publications (2)

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ID=7767328

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Families Citing this family (35)

Family Cites Families (8)

• 1995
  • 1995-07-20 DE DE19526489A patent/DE19526489A1/de not_active Withdrawn
• 1996
  • 1996-07-10 JP JP9506243A patent/JPH11511234A/ja active Pending
  • 1996-07-10 CA CA002227365A patent/CA2227365A1/fr not_active Abandoned
  • 1996-07-10 US US09/000,340 patent/US5980241A/en not_active Expired - Fee Related
  • 1996-07-10 DE DE59601833T patent/DE59601833D1/de not_active Expired - Fee Related
  • 1996-07-10 WO PCT/EP1996/003011 patent/WO1997004273A1/fr active IP Right Grant
  • 1996-07-10 AU AU66133/96A patent/AU696988B2/en not_active Ceased
  • 1996-07-10 AT AT96925699T patent/ATE179789T1/de not_active IP Right Cessation
  • 1996-07-10 EP EP96925699A patent/EP0839300B1/fr not_active Expired - Lifetime
• 1998
  • 1998-01-19 NO NO980241A patent/NO980241L/no not_active Application Discontinuation

Non-Patent Citations (1)

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