EP0839300A1

EP0839300A1 - Paraffin lamp

Info

Publication number: EP0839300A1
Application number: EP96925699A
Authority: EP
Inventors: Hans-Ludwig Schirneker
Original assignee: SCHIRNECKER HANS LUDWIG
Current assignee: SCHIRNECKER HANS LUDWIG
Priority date: 1995-07-20
Filing date: 1996-07-10
Publication date: 1998-05-06
Anticipated expiration: 2016-07-10
Also published as: EP0839300B1; DE59601833D1; AU6613396A; NO980241L; ATE179789T1; NO980241D0; WO1997004273A1; AU696988B2; DE19526489A1; US5980241A; CA2227365A1; JPH11511234A

Abstract

PCT No. PCT/EP96/03011 Sec. 371 Date Jan. 20, 1998 Sec. 102(e) Date Jan. 20, 1998 PCT Filed Jul. 10, 1996 PCT Pub. No. WO97/04273 PCT Pub. Date Feb. 6, 1997The invention has a container (50) for a fuel (W) with at least a partial cover (55) in which there is a non-combustible wick (52) in a wick holder (100). Above the container (50) near the wick holder there is at least one roller or upright body (RK) or in the container (50) there is a disc of solid fuel (W) around the wick holder (100), whereby the fuel of the roller and upright body (RK) or of the disc is melted by the flame and cover heat and collected by the container (50) and/or by the wick holder (100) as supplementary fuel. The wick holder (100) is suspended in an aperture (56) of the container cover (55), so that the wick holder (100) is not in direct heat-tansmitting contact with the container base (50b).

Description

Paraffin lamp

The invention relates to a paraffin lamp (tea light and lamp) with a fuel-receiving container and at least partially covered by a cover, in which a non-flammable wick is located in a wick holder, the wick holder being a receiving tube for the lower portion of the wick and adjoining it at the top Has funnel segments as fuel and heat radiation receiver; Furthermore, the invention relates to an incombustible wick and to the shape of the combustible fuel in the lamp.

The object of the invention is to further develop and improve the paraffin lamp and its components with regard to

on a compactly constructed, space-saving, and inexpensive design, which results in melting with a shape-changing appearance of the fuel body, stores the fuel body in stock and enables automatic feeding of the fuel body to the flame area, as a first task,

on a simple, inexpensive to manufacture and safe-acting wick holder as a second task,

a made of cheaply designed and matched fiber materials and special outer jacket treatment formed wick with a long annealing zone and optimal burning performance as a third task and

As a fourth task, the interaction of wick and specially designed wick holder (burner) should permanently avoid cracking residues in the entire burning area (wick, wick holder and lamp holder).

The first object is achieved according to claim 1 in that above the container near the wick holder at least one rolling or standing body or in the container around the wick holder a disc body made of solid fuel is positioned, the fuel of the rolling and the stand body or the disk body is melted and collected by the container and / or the wick holder as replenishment fuel.

The second object is achieved by a wick holder which can be produced simply and inexpensively from a stamped blank in the bending process and has a simple position fixing in the lid of the fuel container according to claims 2 and 3. The wick holder is hung into the container without direct heat transfer to the bottom of the container and has good air flow and heat transfer to the fuel and an optimal fuel specification to the wick. In addition, thanks to the openings on the jacket side, this wick holder allows an insight into the container for the remaining fuel despite the lid.

The third task is solved by the wick formed from twisted quartz glass fiber bundles with an outer jacket-side or continuous gluing according to claim 4, wherein the wick has good absorbency and has a glowing zone migrating downwards for good continuous combustion performance of the incombustible wick. The wick glows when going out over the endangered one, which closes the wick Zone downwards, ie practically until just before the end of the funnel of the wick holder.

Furthermore, the third task is solved by an incombustible wick according to claim 18, which has a core made of absorbent material, preferably quartz glass fibers, and is surrounded by a metal wire coil and / or a tube made of quartz glass, with between the upper .burning zone and the lower preheating zone. and suction zone of the wick an interruption is provided as insulation.

As a result of this interruption, the flame is directed towards the upper area of the coil and thus receives its high flash point. A temperature of over 220 ° is reached in this firing zone.

This interruption prevents the flame from running downwards, so that it is only in the burning zone with the high flame temperature and an optimal (long) insulation area for the temperature transition of approx. 80 ° to 220 ° between preheating and suction zone and burning zone reached.

The interruption allows a certain thermal conductivity to preheat the paraffin in the wick, but this does not affect the high flame temperature.

The firing zone formed by the metal wire coil or the hose and limited by the interruption or insulation is relatively long in accordance with the desired flame height, so that the high temperatures are maintained in the firing area.

In addition to the interruption of the helix or instead of the interruption, the lower area of the metal wire helix or the hose can also be provided with an insulating layer be, which has a high flash point and contributes to the definition of the flame, but also does not affect the heat conduction in the wick to preheat the fuel.

Possibly. Burning residues are completely burned in the preheating zone by turning the metal wire coil or quartz glass tube red-hot when the flame goes out, and then burning the possibly few burning residues completely. Holes in the funnel of the wick holder provide the outgoing flame with sufficient oxygen to completely burn off any burning residues. Here, the metal wire coil or the quartz glass tube gradually becomes red-hot from top to bottom and this results in the flawless destruction of the burning residues.

Due to the special design of the non-flammable wick and the favorable burning behavior, the paraffin to be burned retains its original color and does not change color.

Such an incombustible wick used in a paraffin lamp advantageously has a defined flame area with a high flame temperature, enables clean and residue-free burning and has an almost unlimited functionality (service life).

The fuel, which has a composition of carbohydrates in medium chain length and with an added glow conveyor, which is fed to the wick from the paraffin, and thereby has a better burning effect in the glow zone when the wick is burned by increasing the temperature, contributes to the solution of the fourth object according to claim 37 arises so that the residues burn better and completely.

Another object is a special arrangement of the fuel ball or balls to the wick holder (s) on the container or the paraffin lamp, which are different can be designed and is listed in claims 5 to 14 and 25 to 35.

The paraffin lamp according to the invention is designed as a handy and inexpensive to manufacture candlestick, which is compact, space-saving can be placed on a table or the like and allows a visible melting with a shape-changing appearance of the fuel body. The fuel bodies are assigned to the flame or arranged around it and then melted by the heat of the flame, resulting in shapely and shape-changing melt patterns.

With this luminaire, several fuel bodies can be placed on the luminaire at the same time, so that an extended burning time is achieved without the need to constantly add fuel. Furthermore, this paraffin lamp can be equipped with a roll bar or a feed trough on which several burners are placed, which then roll automatically one after the other in the direction of the flame and are burned there.

The dripping fuel is returned to the luminaire container and then forms a replenishment fuel.

An interchangeable glass fleece is advantageously arranged on the lid of the lamp container, which forms a melting plate for placing the fuel body, which absorbs dripping fuel until it is saturated and results in a uniform, clean surface, which gives the lamp container a beautiful appearance and none Impairment caused by burning residues or the like.

Another task is seen in a favorable design of the fuel for the wick and the lamp, due to the extremely simple handling for the fuel specification on the lamp and an automatic, clean fuel supply to the flame area of the lamp, avoiding contamination of the lamp by fuel.

This object is achieved by the features of claim 36.

The solid fuel bodies can have a wide variety of geometrical spatial shapes and are preferably designed as rolling bodies.

Furthermore, the fuel balls are held in position in the dome of the container lid by star-shaped or differently shaped shapes, so that when the paraffin melts, there is no twisting or tilting of the fuel balls despite the shift in the center of gravity.

A further task regarding a special shape of the fuel is solved by a Brcnnmαtcriαlcchcibe (tablet) according to claims 16 and 17, which surrounds the wick holder and includes the wick while leaving an air opening and has a good melting behavior when ignited.

The wick is ignited in the air opening, whereby the flame immediately melts the paraffin and supplies it to the wick. The existing (remaining) segment of paraffin of the fuel disc opposite the air opening is relatively large and the wick can thus be ignited in a fire-proof manner.

The remaining claims contain advantageous refinements of all of the aforementioned designs. The ideas of the invention are seen in detail in the wick holder, in the wick, in the fuel, in the arrangement of the wick holder for the fuel, in the positionally fixed fuel receptacle, in the heat conduction and also in the combination of individual or all of these aforementioned inventive ideas, by the individual and in part or complete combinations, a paraffin lamp with increased utility value has been created.

The size (diameter and height) of the container is designed as a normal (large or small) tea light pot and can be used in any normal (conventional) luminaire housing.

Exemplary embodiments of the invention are shown in the drawings and are explained in more detail below. It shows:

1 shows a vertical section and a top view of one and two paraffin lamps in the form of a tea light with several spherical bodies of fuel positioned around an incombustible wick near the flame on a melting plate,

3 shows a vertical section and a top view of one and four paraffin lamps with several spherical bodies positioned on a ring insert with contact lugs,

Fig. 5 is a side view in partial section and a and 6 plan view of a paraffin lamp with a

Luminaire container and a spherical body

Lamp stand,

7 shows a vertical section and a top view of one and 8 paraffin lamps with an annular body detachably placed on the lamp container with roll bars for two spherical bodies in each case,

Fig. 9 is a vertical section and a plan view of one and 10 paraffin lamp with removable on the lamp holder mounted bracket for several

Spherical body,

Fig. 11 is a vertical section and a plan view of a and 12 paraffin lamp with lamp stand with roller channel for stored roll body

13 side views and a bottom view of various to 18 geometric shapes on rolling and standing bodies made of fuel, Fig. 19 is a vertical section through one in one

Wick holder inserted non-flammable wick with interrupted metal wire helix,

20 side view of the non-flammable wick in up to 22 different versions,

23 is a side view in section and a top view and 24 on a paraffin lamp with stand,

25 a vertical section through and one and 26 a top view of a paraffin lamp with three wick holders suspended in a container around a large fuel ball,

Fig. 27 is a vertical section through a

Paraffin lamp with a central wick holder and two fuel balls, suspended in a container,

Fig. 28 is a vertical section through and a plan view of and 29 a paraffin lamp with an outside

Container with attached wick holder and one

Fuel ball,

30 shows a vertical section through and a top view of and FIG. 31 shows a paraffin lamp with a central wick holder and three fuel balls arranged around it and a glass cylinder,

32 shows a vertical section through and a top view of and 33 shows a paraffin lamp with a central wick holder and fuel balls arranged on a trough and a manually usable flame extinguisher, Fig. 34a top views, side views and a section to 34e according to section line II in Fig. 33 b and 33 c through the one-piece wick holder from the cut to

Finish forming,

35 is a side view of a container with a removable decorative and flame extinguishing lid,

36 shows a vertical section through a paraffin lamp with a fuel disc inserted into the container around the wick holder, which container has a central wick holder,

Fig. 37 is a vertical section through and a plan view of and 38 the fuel disc.

The paraffin lamp has a bowl-shaped or pot-shaped container (50) in which a flammable wick (52) is held in a wick holder (51); through the wick holder (51) the fuel (W) filled into the container (50) receives heat of fusion and the melt flows to the wick (52). The wick holder (51) consists of thin-walled metal and surrounds the wick (52) on all sides, leaving an inflow gap. The wick holder (51) is cylindrical and has a receiving tube (cannula) (53) in the bottom of the center, into which the wick (52) is inserted. This receiving tube (53) widens at the top to a funnel (54) reaching to the upper edge of the wick holder (51), from which the wick (52) protrudes upwards.

Above the container (50) there is at least one, preferably several, rolling or standing bodies (RK, SK) made of fuel (W) in solid form near the flame, the fuel (W) melted by the flame heat and is caught by the container (50) and / or the wick holder (51) as replenishment fuel.

Several, preferably three rolling or standing bodies can be placed on the cover (55) of the pot-shaped container (50), which forms a melting plate and has a central flame opening (56), which has a peripheral section (50a) that is drawn outwards Place (RK, SK) at a distance around the flame (F) (Fig. 1 and 2).

According to FIGS. 3 and 4, the cover (55) of the container (50) forming a melting plate is designed like a flat funnel to its central flame opening (56) and a ring insert (57) with molded-out system lugs (58) for positioning is in the flame opening (56) several, preferably three rolling elements (RK) removably inserted around the flame (F).

An interchangeable glass fleece (59) is applied to this lid (55), which absorbs dripping fuel evenly until saturation; Excess fuel then drips into the wick holder (51) and / or the container (50). This always gives the cover (55) a clean appearance.

5 and 6, the paraffin lamp has a lamp stand (60) with a base (61) for receiving the container (50) and a bracket part (62) pulled upwards at a distance around the container (50) with above the container (50) horizontal positioning holder (63) in pocket form for a rolling or standing body (RK, SK); the positioning receptacle (63) has a stop (64) holding the rolling or standing body (RK, SK) at a distance from the flame (F) and a drip nose (65) for the melted in the container (50) or the wick holder (51) dripping back fuel.

7 to 10, the lid (55) of the container (50) to its central flame opening (56) is formed like a flat funnel and in the flame opening (56) a ring insert (67) with one or more, each two or more roll bodies (RK) storing roll bars (66) are removably inserted, each roll bar (66) having a molded-on retaining stop (64) at a distance from the flame (F). Each roll bar (66) can also be equipped with a drip nose (65).

11 and 12 has a lamp stand (68) with a stand (69) for receiving the container (50) and a stand bracket (70) adjoining the stand (69) and pulled upwards and upwards and one from the top End of the stand bracket (70) to the flame opening (56) in the cover (55) of the container (50) curved and / or sloping roller channel (71) for several rolling elements (RK); this roll rinno (71) has a retention stop (64) at a distance from the flame (F) for the first roll body (RK).

The roller channel (71) is separated between the first flame-side roller body (RK) and the subsequent second roller body (RK) to interrupt the heat conduction through a slot (73).

The separated channel part (71a) for the first rolling element (RK) is inserted with a ring insert (74) into the flame opening (56) so that it can be removed. The retention stop (64) in the form of a web or the like and a drip nose (65) for the fuel falling into the container (50) and / or the wick holder (51) is attached to the separated gutter part (71a). Between the base (61, 69) of the lamp stand (60, 68) and the bottom (50b) of the container (50), a heat-insulating layer (75) can be arranged (Fig. 11), which also under the container that can be set up without a stand (50) acc. Fig. 7 and the tealight according to Fig. 1 can be provided.

The base (50b) of the container (50) is fixed in position by a magnet (76) on the base (61, 69) of the lamp stand (60, 70).

The lid (55) can be inserted as a separate part into the container (50), or it can be made in one piece with the container (50).

The steeper the roller bracket (66) or the roller channel (71) is arranged, the faster the melting of the fuel (VJ) due to the pressure of the subsequent rolling elements (RK) against the flame-side rolling element (RK). The fuel (W) is melted more slowly with a flat roll bar or trough adjustment.

The wick holder (51) is on a holder plate (77) placed on the container base (50b) with molded and in

Cutouts (79) of the wick holder (51) engaging tongues (78) releasably fixed.

As shown in Fig. 1 and 3, the holding plate (77) is designed as a hollow plate with a peripheral edge (77a), so that it lies at a certain distance above the container bottom (50b) and between the holding plate (77) and the container bottom (50b ) there is also fuel (W) for supplying the wick (52).

23 and 24, a further variant of the paraffin lamp is shown, the same reference numbers being used for the same components. The container (50) is carried by a vertical stand (91) with a base (93).

The container (50) has a removable cover (55) with a seal (94) in the form of an O-ring inserted in a circumferential cover groove (55a), and this cover (55) overlaps the upper, preferably cylindrical, seal (94) Edge section (50c) of the container (50) can be removed in a sealed manner.

In the upper end of the vertical stand (91) is a socket (90) made of plastic, rubber or the like. In one

Collar bushing (95) made of metal or the like is pressed in by molded projections (95a) or is screwed into a thread, into which a receptacle (50) is fixed on the stand (91)

Head bolt (96) provided in its head (97)

Threaded hole (97a) is screwed in.

In the container (50) around the head (97) of the head bolt (96) a felt ring (98) is arranged, which is overlapped by a metal cap (99) carrying the wick holder (51).

The paraffin lamp is a chandelier that can be used in two versions. One option is to operate the lamp with paraffin by inserting a ring tablet made of paraffin that fills almost the entire container or in a second option with the paraffin rolling elements (RK).

In both cases, the wick holder (51) with wick is arranged in the container (50) on the metal cap (99).

The all-round cover seal (94) prevents liquefied paraffin from escaping when the lamp is moved and switched off. 13 to 18 different forms of the rolling or standing body (RK, SK) are shown for example; the rolling element (RK) can be of a ball (Fig. 13) or a cylinder (Fig. 15) with / without a circumferential collar (80). 14 and 16- and the standing body (SK) 17 and 18 - be formed by a block, rod or disc with air channels (81).

When executing the rolling element (RK) as a ball or cylinder with collar (80) acc. 14 and 16, this collar (80) can run between the roll bar (66).

The stand bodies (SK) can have a wide variety of geometric spatial shapes, such as cube, pyramid, triangle, polygonal or oval shape.

Now reference is made to the non-flammable wick (52). 19 to 22, which is intended in particular for use in the above-described paraffin lights.

This wick (52) consists of a core (82) made of a heat-resistant fiber material, preferably quartz glass fibers, and is surrounded by a metal wire coil (83) and / or a tube (84) made of quartz glass; the wick (52) has a circular cross section.

The metal wire helix (83) or the hose (84) are at least partially interrupted in the longitudinal direction of the wick to reduce the heat conduction between the top-end combustion zone (BZ) and the bottom-end preheating and suction zone and / or with thermal insulation (86, 87 ) fitted.

The interruption (85) of the metal wire helix (83) lies within the funnel (54) on the top in the wick holder (51). 19-. The coil (83) is divided into two and has an upper coil (83a), which extends over the firing zone (BZ), with turns spaced apart (one above the other) and a closed turn at the upper end of the wick. These helical turns, which are not close together, enable quick ignition.

Furthermore, the helix (83) has a lower (second) helix (83b) which, following the interruption (85), extends over the preheating and suction zone (VZ, SZ) and has the same turn as the upper helix (83a) or can have a narrower turn.

A fireproof insulating layer (87) made of lacquer, glass, ceramic or the like, such as spraying, dipping or slurrying, can be applied around the metal filament (83) following the interruption (85) on a partial area of the lower metal filament (83).

The insulating layer (87) sits in the narrow turns of the helix (83b) and results in optimal thermal insulation from the outside.

20 is around the upper end of the wick core (82) a metal wire coil (83a) and following the interruption (85) an insulating body (86) made of an insulating material with a high flash point, preferably made of porcelain, plastic, melamine or. Arranged like that, which is inserted into a heat for pre-softening the fuel (W) receiving sheet metal cap (101).

The wick core (82) according to FIG. 21 consists of absorbent, textured material, preferably quartz glass, and is surrounded over its entire length by a smooth tube (84) made of non-textured material, preferably quartz glass; around the hose (84) is in the area of the preheating and suction zone (VZ, SZ) arranged a metal wire coil (83 b), which is also surrounded by a fire-resistant insulating layer (87) to reduce the heat conduction over a portion of its length.

According to FIG. 22, the entire length of the wick core (82) can be surrounded by a tube (84) around which a fire-resistant insulating body (86) with a high flash point in the area of the preheating and suction zone (VZ, SZ) to interrupt the heat conduction is arranged on a portion of the hose length.

A heat-conducting copper wire (88), which runs over the entire length of the wick and stabilizes the wick (52), is preferably introduced into the wick core (82).

The copper wire (88) is in the form of a rod or tube.

In the tube shape, this can be formed from flat material into a tube or formed from wire into a tube coil, so that a capillary tube is created, whereby an absolutely free suction zone in the core of the wick (52) is obtained.

The funnel (54) in the wick holder (51) has holes (72) through which the paraffin can flow down into the container (50). Because of the poor heat conduction of the wick (52), good annealing is ensured even without holes (72) as air holes.

The flame (F) cannot jump down to the wick (52) through the insulating layer (87) or the insulating body (86).

At the same time, the insulation layer (87) or the insulating body (86) forms a transition zone from the warm (hot) to the cooler (cold) wick area. 25 to 38 has a fuel (W) -paraffin / wax-absorbing and pot-shaped or bowl-shaped container (50) at least partially covered by a cover (55), in which in a wick holder (100/51) is an incombustible wick (52), the wick holder (100/51) showing a receiving tube (102) for the lower wick section and funnel segments (103) adjoining it upwards as fuel and heat radiation receivers.

The wick holder (100) is suspended in an opening (56) in the container lid (55) and the wick holder (100) is not arranged to transmit heat directly to the container base (50b).

The wick holder (100) is formed in one piece from a cross-shaped blank (Zl) made of very thin sheet metal, aluminum sheet or the like with a central hole (104) according to FIG. 10 a and becomes the underside receiving tube (102), two of which follow adjoining funnel segments (103) adjoining at the top and hanging edges (105) projecting outwards at their upper ends, shaped as shown in FIGS. 34 a to 34 e.

In a further preferred embodiment, the wick holder (100) is formed in one piece from a thin, rectangular sheet metal blank of approximately 52 x 18.5 mm.

The funnel segments (103) form a funnel (106) which adjoins the receiving tube (102) and widens upwards.

The funnel segments (103) of the wick holder (100) leave openings (shafts) (106a) between them (on the circumference or opposite) to allow an insight into the remaining amount of fuel (W) in the container (50) and enable the Wicking ignites a heat radiation of the fuel residue in the container (50) without the fuel balls (RK) placed on it.

The wick (52) consists of a copper wire core and textured quartz glass fibers and the quartz glass fibers are glued in the outer jacket or continuously by a fire and glow-resistant binder.

The textured fibers are plucked to increase absorbency. The wick core (copper wire) and the wick jacket (quartz glass fibers) together have a diameter of approximately 1.7 to 2.5 mm, preferably 2.4 mm.

Because of the attached wick holder (100), the wick (52) has a glow zone which migrates down to near the end of the funnel.

By forming the wick holder (100) with the segments (102b, 103), favorable heat conduction and distribution to the cover (55) is achieved. Due to the good heat transfer to the lid (55), the paraffin is completely melted.

The edge of the wick holder is cooler due to the heat given off and the paraffin located there is not gasified, so that no residue is formed.

25 and 26, an insert dome (107) for a large fuel ball (RK) is formed in the center of the cover (55) and around this insert dome (107) there are three evenly distributed wick holders (100) in a circle Lid openings (56) hooked in; in the insert dome formed by the cover (55)

(107) is a star-shaped or other design

(108) molded to fix the position and prevent rotation of the fuel ball (RK). In the container (50) a tripod-shaped heat conducting plate (109) is arranged, which is in contact with the bottom parts of the three wick holders (100) for heat transfer and is only punctiform (with very small support points -109a) on the container base (50b) while avoiding a supports higher heat transfer.

According to the luminaire design according to FIG. 27, a central wick holder (100) suspended in the container lid (55) is assigned two opposing insert domes (110) for two fuel balls (RK) which are snapped into the lid (55). Due to the good heat transfer to the lid (55), the paraffin is completely melted. The insert domes (110) engage with plug-in latching tips (110a) in holes (111) in the cover (55).

The fuel balls (RK) are higher due to the calottes (110) and are supported on the edge of the calotte during melting, so that ball rotation is prevented.

28 and 29 show a lamp in which the container lid (55) is hung outside the lid center on one side in the wick holder (100) and on the other side an insert dome (107) with a star shape (108) for fixing the position and preventing rotation a fuel ball (RK) is provided.

The container (50) - tea light - is eccentrically inserted in a luminaire housing (LG) and in the lid (LGD) of the luminaire housing (LG) there are several insertion domes (112) for magazine-shaped fuel balls (RK).

30 and 31 show a paraffin lamp which has a wick holder (100) suspended in the center of the container lid (55); in the container lid (55) are three in the with the same distance from each other and from the wick holder (100) is formed around the insert cups (107), each with a star-shaped shape (108) for fixing the position and preventing rotation of the fuel balls (RK).

This container (50) is inserted into a lamp housing (LG) and around the container cover (55) there is an insert ring (114) for a glass cylinder (115) inserted between the container cover (55) and the opening (113) of the lamp housing cover (LGD) .

According to the luminaire design according to FIGS. 32 and 33, a central wick holder (100) is suspended in the container lid (55), on the one hand an angled and / or the curved trough (66) -rolling bracket- with a wicking-side melting pan (66a) for several fuel balls ( RK) and, on the other hand, a plug-on holder (116) with a hat-shaped flame extinguisher (117) with a handle (118) which is held there detachably.

The melting trough (66a) has a retention stop (64) for the first fuel ball (RK). The roller bracket (66) is insulated from the melting trough (66a) and the container lid (55) and the container (50) by insulation (66b) against heat transfer.

In the paraffin lamp according to FIG. 36, a disk body (119) made of fuel — a fuel disk — is inserted around the wick holder (51) in the container (50).

The container (50) according to FIG. 36 has a removable cover (55) with a seal (94) in the form of an O-ring inserted in a circumferential cover groove (55a) and this cover (55) overlaps with its seal (94) Upper, preferably cylindrical edge portion (50c) of the container (50) sealed removable. In the center of the cover (55) there is a flat funnel-shaped ring insert (67) which results in a wick and flame opening (56) and which holds the roll bar (66).

The wick holder (51) is held by a metal cap (99) on a felt ring (98) in the container (50).

The fuel disc (tablet) (119) partially surrounds the wick (52) and at the same time exposes an air opening (120).

The fuel disc (11) has a circular basic shape and a thickness that corresponds to a part of the disc diameter; In the center of the disc there is a semicircular air opening (120) and a semicircular one, opposite this, a funnel segment (103) of the wick holder

(51) overlapping and half the wick cross-section disc segment (121) formed, as shown in Fig. 12 to 14.

36 represents a combination device which can be operated either with a fuel disc (119) or with fuel balls (RK).

The fuel (W) -paraffin- is an incandescent conveyor in solid or liquid form to facilitate wick annealing and to clean the capillary of the wick

(52) of cracked scraps added or applied.

The glow conveyor is added to the paraffin weight in fractions of a percent.

As a glow conveyor, for example, sulfur, red phosphorus, magnesium or the like. used. The paraffin has a very narrow melting point range of eg 54 to 56 ° C and consists of medium-length carbohydrate chains.

With a mixture of carbohydrate chains, the short-chain carbohydrate chains melt earlier and the longer chains only melt, leaving paraffin residues on the lid (55).

The medium chain lengths avoid these disadvantages.

A small fuel ball (RK) preferably weighs 7.5g, which corresponds to half a tea light.

In the different luminaire designs, the same components are provided with the same reference numbers without a new description and reference is to be made in each case.

Claims

claims

1. paraffin lamp with a fuel receiving container and at least partially covered by a cover, in which a non-flammable wick is located in a wick holder,

characterized in that above the container (50) near the wick holder at least one rolling or standing body (RK, SK) or in the container (50) around the wick holder (51/100) a disk body (119) made of fuel (W) in solid form is positioned, by the flame and lid heat the fuel (W) of the rolling and standing body (RK, SK) or the disc body (119) melted and from the container (50) and / or the wick holder (51/100) as Replenishment fuel is caught.

2. Paraffin lamp according to claim 1, characterized in that the wick holder (100) is suspended in an opening (56) of the container lid (55) and the wick holder (100) to the bottom of the container (50b) is not arranged to transmit heat directly.

3. Paraffin lamp according to claim 1, characterized in that the wick holder (100) in one piece from a cross-shaped blank (Zl) with a central hole (104) to the underside receiving tube (102), two adjoining upward, opposite, a funnel ( 106) forming funnel segments (103) and at the upper ends of which outwardly projecting hanging edges (105) are formed (FIGS. 34 a to 34e).

4. Paraffin lamp according to one of claims 1 to 3, characterized in that the wick (52) consists of a copper wire core and textured quartz glass fibers and the Quartz glass fibers are glued in the outer jacket or continuously with a fire and glow-resistant binder.

5. Paraffin lamp according to one of claims 1 to 4, characterized in that in the center of the cover (55) an insert dome (107) for a large fuel ball (RK) is molded and around this insert dome (107) on a pitch circle two or more evenly distributed wick holders (100) are suspended in the lid opening (56) (FIGS. 25 and 26).

6. Paraffin lamp according to one of claims 1 to 5, characterized in that in the insert dome (107) of the cover (55) has a shape (108) in a star shape or the like. For fixing the position and preventing rotation of the fuel ball (RK) is formed.

7. Paraffin lamp according to one of claims 1 to 6, characterized in that a tripod-shaped heat-conducting plate (109) is arranged in the container (50), which with the

Bottom parts dor three wick holders (100) contacted for heat transfer and are supported point-by-point with a few small support points (109a) on the container bottom (50b) (FIGS. 25 and 26).

8. paraffin lamp according to one of claims 1 to 7, characterized in that a central, in the container lid (55) suspended wick holder (100) two opposite, in the lid (55) latched insert dome (110) for two fuel balls (RK) are assigned, which carry the fuel balls (RK) at a distance above the cover (55) (Fig. 27).

9. Paraffin lamp according to one of claims 1 to 8, characterized in that in the container lid (55) outside the lid center on one side a wick holder (100) hooked in and on the other side an insert dome (107) with a shape (108) for fixing the position and preventing rotation for a fuel ball (RK) is formed (FIGS. 28 and 29).

10. paraffin lamp according to claim 9, characterized in that the container (50) is eccentrically inserted in a lamp housing (LG) and in the cover (LGD) of the lamp housing (LG) a plurality of insert dome (112) for magazine fuel balls (RK) are molded ( 28 and 29).

11. Paraffin lamp according to one of claims 1 to 10, characterized in that around a in the center of the container lid (55) suspended wick holder (100) in the container lid (55) three with the same distance from each other and to the wick holder (100) around the same arranged insert dome ( 107) each with a shape (108) for fixing the position and

Protection against rotation of the fuel balls (RK) are molded in (Fig. 30 and 31).

12. Paraffin lamp according to claim 11, characterized in that the container (50) inserted into a lamp housing (LG) and around the container cover (55) between the container cover (55) and the opening (113) of the lamp housing cover (LGD) an insert ring () for a glass cylinder (115) is used (Fig. 30 and 31).

13. Paraffin lamp according to one of claims 1 to 12, characterized in that in the container lid (55) a central wick holder (100) is suspended, which is an oblique and / or arcuate trough (66) with a wick-side melting trough (66a) with a retaining stop (64) for several fuel balls (RK) is assigned, the roller channel (66) being insulated against the heat transfer from the melting trough (66a) and the container lid (55) and the container (50) (FIGS. 32 and 33).

14. Paraffin lamp according to one of claims 1 to 13, characterized in that a plug-on holder (116) with a detachable, hat-shaped flame extinguisher (117) with a handle (118) is arranged (Figs. 32 and 33).

15. Paraffin lamp according to one of claims 1 to 12, characterized in that a removable decorative and flame extinguishing cover (122) is placed on the container (50) (Fig. 35).

16. Paraffin lamp according to one of claims 1 to 5, characterized in that in the container (50) insertable fuel disc (tablet) (119) the wick holder (51) and partially the wick (52) to form a in the wick holder (51st ) lying air opening (120) comprises (Fig. 36 to 38).

17. Paraffin lamp according to claim 16, characterized in that the fuel disc (119) has a circular basic shape and a thickness that cntαpricht a part of the disc diameter, and in Schcibcnzeutruiu a semi-circular air opening (120) and a semi-circular opening opposite this air opening (120) , a funnel segment (103) of the wick holder (51) overlapping and half

Disc section (121) comprising the wick cross section (FIGS. 36 to 38).

18. paraffin lamp with incombustible wick (52), which has a core (82) made of a heat-resistant fiber material, preferably quartz glass fibers, and is surrounded by a metal wire coil (83) and / or a tube (84) made of quartz glass, characterized in that the Metal wire coil (83) or the hose (84) to reduce the heat conduction between the top-end combustion zone (BZ) and the bottom-end preheating and suction zone (VZ, SZ) in the longitudinal direction of the wick at least partially interrupted and / or equipped with thermal insulation (86, 87) is (Figs. 19 to 22). 19. Paraffin lamp according to claim 18, characterized in that the interruption (85) of the metal wire filament (83) within a top-side, holes or slots (72) for draining off the paraffin funnel (54) of the wick (52) at the bottom in a receiving tube (53) receiving wick holder (51) with fuel (W) (Fig.

19).

20. Paraffin lamp according to claim 18 or 19, characterized in that the coil (83) of the wick (52) is divided into two and an upper, over the firing zone (BZ) extending coil (83a) with spaced turns and one at the top Wicked closed turn and a lower, extending over the preheating and suction zone (VZ, SZ) spiral (83b) with the same or closer to each other turns (Fig. 19).

21. Paraffin lamp according to one of claims 18 to 20, characterized in that around the metal wire coil (83) of the wick (52) following the interruption (85) on a partial area of the lower metal wire coil (83 a), a refractory insulating layer (87) made of lacquer, glass or ceramic. (Figs. 19 and 21).

22. Paraffin lamp according to one of claims 18 to 21, characterized in that around the upper end of the wick (52) a metal wire coil (83a) and following the interruption (85) an insulating body (86) with a high flash point, preferably made of plastic , Melamine o

(Fig. 20).

23. Paraffin lamp according to claim 18 or 19, characterized in that the wick core (82) consists of absorbent, textured material, preferably quartz glass, which is surrounded by a tube (84) made of non-textured material, preferably quartz glass, along its entire length and around the tube (84) in the area of the preheating and suction zone (VZ, SZ) there is a metal wire coil (83b) which is arranged on a partial area its length is surrounded by a refractory insulating layer (87) made of lacquer, glass or ceramic (Fig. 21).

24. Paraffin lamp according to claim 18, characterized in that the wick core (82) is surrounded over its entire length by a hose (84) around which in the area of the preheating and suction zone (VZ, SZ) a refractory insulating body (86) a portion of the hose length is arranged (Fig. 22).

25. Paraffin lamp according to one of claims 1 to 24, characterized in that the melting plate-forming, a central flame opening (56) showing the lid (55) of the pot-shaped, an all-round outwardly drawn edge portion (50a) and a tea light-forming container ( 50) several, preferably three rolling or standing bodies (RK, SK) placed at a distance around the flame (F), takes up (Fig. 1 and 2).

26. Paraffin lamp according to one of claims 1 to 24, characterized in that the cover (55) of the container (50) forming a melting plate is designed like a funnel to its central flame opening (56) and a ring insert (57) in the flame opening (56) with molded-out system lugs (58) for positioning several, preferably three rolling elements (RK) around the flame (F) so that they can be removed (FIGS. 3 and 4).

27. Paraffin lamp according to one of claims 1 to 26, characterized in that on the cover (55) of the container (50) a replaceable glass fleece over the entire surface (59) is applied to absorb dripping fuel (FIGS. 1 to 4).

28. Paraffin lamp according to one of claims 1 to 27, characterized by a lamp stand (60) with a base (61) for receiving the container (50) and a spaced around the container (50) upwardly raised bracket part (62) with above Container (50) lying positioning receptacle (63) in the form of a pocket for a rolling or standing body (RK, SK), the positioning receptacle (63) holding the rolling or standing body (RK, SK) at a distance from the flame (F) ( 64) and a drip nose (65) for the molten fuel (W) falling back into the container (50) and / or the wick holder (51) (FIGS. 5 and 6).

29. Paraffin lamp according to one of claims 1 to 28, characterized in that the lid (55) of the container (50) to its central flame opening (56) is formed like a funnel and in the flame opening (56) a ring insert (67) with or a plurality of roll bars (66), each storing two or more roll bodies (RK), is removably inserted, each roll bar (66) having a molded-on retaining stop (64) at a distance from the flame (F) (FIGS. 7 to 10).

30. Paraffin lamp according to one of claims 1 to 29, characterized by a lamp stand (68) with a stand (69) for receiving the container (50) and a stand bracket (70) adjoining the stand (69) and drawn upwards and upwards and one from the upper end of the stand bracket (70) to the flame opening (56) in the cover (55) of the container (50) and / or sloping rolling trough (71) for a plurality of rolling elements (RK), which are spaced from the flame (F ) a restraint stop (64) for the first

Rolling body (RK) has (Fig. 11 and 12).

31. Paraffin lamp according to claim 30, characterized in that the roller channel (71) between the first flame-side roller body (RK) and the subsequent second roller body (RK) is separated by a slot (71a) to interrupt the heat conduction, the separated channel part ( 71a) for the first rolling element (RK) with a ring insert (74) is removably inserted into the flame opening (56) of the cover (55) of the container (50), the retaining stop (64) in the form of a web or the like and the like Has a drip nose (65) for the fuel falling into the container (50) and / or the wick holder (51).

32. Paraffin lamp according to one of claims 1 to 31, characterized in that a heat-insulating layer (75) is arranged between the base (61, 69) of the lamp stand (60, 68) and bottom (50b) of the container (50) and that

Container (50) with its base (50b) is fixed in position by a magnet (76) on the base (61, 69) of the lamp stand (60, 68) (Fig. 11).

33. Paraffin lamp according to one of claims 1 to 32, characterized in that the container (50) has a removable cover (55) with a seal (94) in the form of an O-ring introduced into a circumferential cover groove (55a), and this cover (55) with its seal (94) sealingly engages over the upper, preferably cylindrical, edge section (50c) of the container (50) (FIG. 23).

34. Paraffin lamp according to claim 33, characterized in that in the upper end of the vertical stand (91) a socket (90) made of plastic, rubber or the like is used, in one

Collar bushing (95) made of metal or the like - is pressed in by molded projections (95a) or is screwed into a thread, into which a head bolt (96) fixing the container (50) on the stand (91) with in its head (97) provided threaded hole (97a) is screwed in, around the head (97) of the head bolt (96) a felt ring (98) is arranged which is overlapped by a metal cap (99) carrying the wick holder (51) (Fig. 23).

35. Paraffin lamp according to one of claims 1 to 34, characterized in that the wick holder (100) is formed in one piece from a thin, rectangular sheet metal blank with a size of approximately 52 x 18.5 mm.

36. paraffin lamp according to one of claims 1 to 35, characterized in that the container (50) in its size (in diameter and in height) a normal

Tealight cup corresponds and can be used in normal luminaire housings (LG).

37. paraffin lamp with fuel according to one of claims 1 to 36, characterized in that the same of rolling bodies (RK) in spherical and cylindrical shape with / without a circumferential collar (80) and of standing bodies (SK), such as blocks, rods or discs with Air channels (81) is formed (Fig. 13 to 18).

38. Paraffin lamp according to one of claims 1 to 37, characterized in that in the fuel (W) - the paraffin - an incandescent conveyor is added to facilitate wick annealing and to clean the capillary of the wick from cracking residues.