EP0798536B1 - Einrichtung zum Auslösen einer Lawine od. dgl. - Google Patents
Einrichtung zum Auslösen einer Lawine od. dgl. Download PDFInfo
- Publication number
- EP0798536B1 EP0798536B1 EP96890183A EP96890183A EP0798536B1 EP 0798536 B1 EP0798536 B1 EP 0798536B1 EP 96890183 A EP96890183 A EP 96890183A EP 96890183 A EP96890183 A EP 96890183A EP 0798536 B1 EP0798536 B1 EP 0798536B1
- Authority
- EP
- European Patent Office
- Prior art keywords
- tube
- charge
- propellant charge
- explosive
- housing
- Prior art date
- Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
- Expired - Lifetime
Links
- 239000003380 propellant Substances 0.000 claims description 29
- 230000004323 axial length Effects 0.000 claims description 2
- 238000005422 blasting Methods 0.000 claims 5
- 239000004033 plastic Substances 0.000 claims 1
- 229920003023 plastic Polymers 0.000 claims 1
- 239000002360 explosive Substances 0.000 abstract description 47
- 229910052751 metal Inorganic materials 0.000 abstract description 2
- 239000002184 metal Substances 0.000 abstract description 2
- 230000001960 triggered effect Effects 0.000 description 10
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 description 4
- 239000000463 material Substances 0.000 description 3
- 229910000831 Steel Inorganic materials 0.000 description 2
- 239000007789 gas Substances 0.000 description 2
- 239000002985 plastic film Substances 0.000 description 2
- 229920006255 plastic film Polymers 0.000 description 2
- 239000010959 steel Substances 0.000 description 2
- 238000004026 adhesive bonding Methods 0.000 description 1
- 229910052782 aluminium Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- XAGFODPZIPBFFR-UHFFFAOYSA-N aluminium Chemical compound [Al] XAGFODPZIPBFFR-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 230000015572 biosynthetic process Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000002775 capsule Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000002131 composite material Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000010276 construction Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000005474 detonation Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000010304 firing Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000010006 flight Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000005259 measurement Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000035515 penetration Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000002023 wood Substances 0.000 description 1
Images
Classifications
-
- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F42—AMMUNITION; BLASTING
- F42D—BLASTING
- F42D3/00—Particular applications of blasting techniques
-
- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F41—WEAPONS
- F41F—APPARATUS FOR LAUNCHING PROJECTILES OR MISSILES FROM BARRELS, e.g. CANNONS; LAUNCHERS FOR ROCKETS OR TORPEDOES; HARPOON GUNS
- F41F1/00—Launching apparatus for projecting projectiles or missiles from barrels, e.g. cannons; Harpoon guns
Definitions
- the subject invention relates to a device for triggering an avalanche or the like.
- the Explosive charge is in a tube closed on one side, in which also a propellant charge is arranged through which the explosive charge from the tube in the avalanche slope is conveyable and there is a detonator in the explosive charge and an ignition mechanism, which in particular via a fuse are interconnected.
- the object of the invention is therefore an object to create, by means of which explosive charges on the one hand with relatively little
- effort is promoted with relatively high accuracy in slopes to artificially trigger avalanches.
- the ignition mechanism is over a tension element with the pipe, e.g. is connected by means of a bolt or the like, wherein the length of the tension element is at least the axial length of the tube is equal to.
- the explosive charge is preferably located in a tubular housing, which is closed by caps, the propellant charge on the bottom Closure of the tube associated cap arranged, in particular attached, is.
- the pipe can close to its bottom with a side Slot or the like be formed, through which the propellant charge into the Pipe can be used.
- a support plate can be provided, which with a Recess is formed for receiving the propellant charge and which can be inserted through the slot into the tube.
- An intermediate plate or the like is also preferred.
- provided between the Propellant charge and the bottom of the tube can be inserted into the tube.
- a connector for a propellant charge leading electrical line can be arranged on the outside of the tube.
- the tube is made of a plastic film enclosed.
- a support device with a plurality of tubes for Throwing out explosive charges provided, the pipes on the carrying device can be set and locked in their angular position.
- a housing can be arranged, in the interior of which a Set of tubes is located, the housing with motorized adjustable flaps be formed, the tubes can be inserted into holding elements, such as sleeves, which are adjustable and lockable in their position and can a battery and or or a solar panel can be provided.
- the pipes on and in the angular position on the support device be ascertainable. This measure allows the pipes to be different Target areas are set, with successive firings of Explosive charges in different areas can trigger avalanches.
- a device consists of a one-sided open tube 1, in which an explosive cartridge 10 is inserted is which abuts the bottom 11 of the tube 1 and which contains a propellant charge 2 and an explosive charge 3.
- the Explosive cartridge 10 has a tubular housing 21, which at its lower end by means of a cap 22 and at its upper end is closed by a cap 23. in the The area of the lower cap 22 contains the propellant charge 2. This is followed by a plate 20 to which the explosive charge 3 is present.
- the propellant charge 2 is also with an igniter 24 formed, which by means of an electrical line 25th is connected to a terminal 26.
- the explosive charge 3 also consists of a tubular Housing 31, which on its two end faces by means of caps 32 and 33 is closed, and which with an explosive 34 is filled.
- an ignition mechanism 35 Located on the outside of the housing 31 there is an ignition mechanism 35, of which an ignition cord 36 goes out, which passes through the cap 33 and which opens into an ignition capsule 39 arranged in the explosive 34.
- the ignition mechanism 35 is designed with a pull element 37, which on a pin 38 projecting from the housing 1 or the like. is attached.
- the tension element 37 is also one Return device in the form of a tension spring 40 assigned.
- the tube 1 is made of a metal, such as sheet steel or Aluminum, manufactured.
- the plate 20 and that Housing 31 of the explosive charge 3 from a weather rotten material, such as cardboard, papierzanché or a wood composite material.
- a weather rotten material such as cardboard, papierzanché or a wood composite material.
- Located in the housing 31 such an explosive 34, which is also very deep Temperatures is not triggered.
- the A reflector 30 is arranged on the outside of the housing 31, which serves to not work due to misfires easier to locate incoming explosive charges 3 in the field to be able to.
- Fig. 1a there is Explosive cartridge 10a from the tube 31, the cap 32 on its to the bottom 11 of the tube 1 side with a Recess 32a is formed, in which the propellant charge 2 used and e.g. is held by gluing.
- Fig. 1b is the jacket the tube 1 is formed near the bottom 11 with a slot 12, through which a support plate 13, which a Formation for the propellant charge 2 forms in the tube 1 laterally can be inserted. It penetrates the terminal 26th leading line 25 a further slot 12a.
- the plate 13 is on its side facing the explosive charge 3 with a Recess 13a formed in which the powdery material the propellant charge 2 is filled. From the recess 13a a channel leads radially outwards, in which the line 25 is led.
- the recess 13a is covered by a cover 14 locked.
- an intermediate plate 15 is also provided, which also through the slot 12 under the support plate 13 is inserted, whereby the support plate 13 relative to the Slot 12 is raised so that none through it Gases can escape. Handling the intermediate plate 15 takes place by means of a protruding through the slot 12 Handle in the form of a ring 16. To make it easier Inserting the intermediate plate 15 in the tube 1 can this on its side opposite the handle 16 with a be wedge-shaped bevel.
- the explosive cartridge 3 and Propellant charge 2 are transported separately from each other, wherein they only in preparation of the facility for triggering Avalanches can be used in tube 1.
- the recess 13a can have different amounts to be used on propellant charge 2, whereby different Throwing distances can be achieved.
- you can prefabricated propellant charges into the recess 13a of the support plate 13 2 can be used with different sizes.
- the support plate 13 and the intermediate plate 15 are reusable they can be made of non-rotting material, e.g. also be made of sheet steel.
- Such a device or a set with a large number of such devices is set up on the edge of a slope or in a slope in which avalanches are to be triggered.
- an electrical pulse is delivered to the igniter 24 of the propellant charge 2 via the line 25, the propellant charge 2 is ignited, whereby the explosive charge 3 is thrown out of the tube 1 by means of the thrust generated thereby.
- the ignition mechanism 35 is activated by means of the pulling element 37, whereby the detonating cord 36 is ignited.
- the tension element 37 is torn out of the ignition mechanism 35 after its extension.
- the line 25 is taken out of the pipe 1, it is torn out of the clamp 26.
- the explosive charge 3 is propelled by means of the propellant charge 2 over distances of, for example, 30 m to 250 m into a slope in which an avalanche is to be triggered.
- the primer 39 has been ignited via the detonating cord 36, the explosive charge 3 is detonated, as a result of which an avalanche can be triggered due to the pressure wave generated thereby.
- the ignition mechanism 35 Since the ignition mechanism 35 is triggered by the tension element 37 is prevented that the explosive charge 3 within the Pipe 1 is ignited, which would destroy it and also explosive charges located next to it Detonation would be brought. Rather, the ignition mechanism 35 only triggered by means of the tension element 37, after the explosive charge 3 has left tube 1. In the The result is an ignition delay of e.g. 120 sec., which ensures that the Primer 39 is then ignited and thereby the Explosive charge 3 is only detonated after it has arrived in the target area.
- a mobile device is shown below with reference to FIGS. 2 and 2a explained for such facilities.
- This device consists of a carriage 4 on which a support device 5 for a set of devices according to the invention 1 is arranged.
- the devices 1 are located in a housing 6, which can be closed by means of flaps 61 and 62.
- the flaps 61 and 62 are moved by means of servomotors.
- the devices 1 are inserted in sleeves 60 which arranged in relation to the carrying device 5 and lockable are.
- Below the housing 6 there is also a Assembly platform 7, from which the housing 6 with a Plenty of facilities 1 can be equipped.
- caps 63 e.g. out Plastic films, enclosed, to prevent penetration of moisture that makes them inoperable could prevent.
- a mast 52 On the carriage 4 there is also a mast 52 on which a solar panel 51 is attached, the output of which battery 54 also arranged on mast 52 is placed. Furthermore, a control box 53 is arranged on the mast 52, on which via a line 56 the output of a manual control device 55 is connected. The control box 53 is also with a Antenna 58 formed.
- 3 and 3a is such a device shown, which is arranged stationary.
- the flaps 61 and 62 in their Open position moves and the propellant charge 2 is ignited.
- the carrier can be able to capture different target areas 5 rotatable about an at least approximately vertical axis his.
- the sleeves 60 can be opposite in their angular position the carrying device 5 can be set and locked.
- the twist the support device 5 and the adjustment of the angular position the tubes 1 can be motorized via a control line or done by radio.
- Propellant charges achieved 2 become.
- the devices according to the invention by means of flaps 61 and 62 lockable housing 6 are arranged these against weather influences and against unauthorized manipulation protected. Also the adjustment of the flaps 61 and 62 can be done by remote control. Through the return device 40 prevents the tension elements 37 after they have been separated from the ignition mechanism 35 in the area of the flaps 61 and 62 arrive, which makes them function could be hindered.
- the for the operation of the device required energy is supplied by the battery 54, which is recharged by the solar panel 51 posed. Alternatively, this system can be operated via a electrical line can be supplied with energy.
- Devices according to the invention can e.g. also on snow groomers be mounted.
- the propellant charges 2 can be triggered directly on the carrying device or by means of a control line be effected.
- a receiving device can also be attached to the carrying device be provided, which also triggers Radio control can be effected.
- Such fixed or mobile devices can e.g. 30 tubes 1, in which explosive cartridges 10 and 10a are inserted have been equipped.
- the facilities can either be in the beginning of winter Alpine terrain is brought out, making them suitable for use are available during the winter, or they can too brought into the area during winter. Unless there is a need for this during the winter Retrofit with explosive cartridges 10 or 10a. Since the Tubes 1 are held in the sleeves 60, the explosive cartridges 10 or 10a used in any place in the tubes 1 are and only need those with the explosive cartridges in the field 10 or 10a equipped tubes 1 inserted into the sleeves 60 to become. As soon as the control lines to terminals 26 25 were connected, the entire system is ready for use.
Landscapes
- Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- General Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Portable Nailing Machines And Staplers (AREA)
- Air Bags (AREA)
- Structure Of Emergency Protection For Nuclear Reactors (AREA)
- Refuse Collection And Transfer (AREA)
Description
- Fig. 1
- eine erfindungsgemäße Vorrichtung, in axialem Schnitt,
- Fig. 1a
- eine gegenüber der Ausführungsform gemäß Fig. 1 geänderte Ausführungsform einer erfindungsgemäßen Vorrichtung, in axialem Schnitt;
- Fig. 1b
- eine weitere gegenüber der Ausführungsform nach Fig. 1 abgeänderte Ausführungsform, in axialem Schnitt,
- die Fig. 2 und 2a
- einen Satz derartiger Vorrichtungen, welcher auf einen Transportschlitten angeordnet ist, in Seitenansicht und in Draufsicht,
- die Fig. 3 und 3a
- einen Satz von erfindungsgemäßem Vorrichtungen, welcher auf einer ortsfesten Tragvorrichtung angeordnet ist, in Seitenansicht und in Draufsicht, und
- die Fig. 4
- und 4a ein Detail der Fig. 2, 2a bzw. 3, 3a, in gegenüber diesen Figuren vergrößertem Maßstab, in Seitenansicht und in Draufsicht.
Eine derartige Einrichtung oder ein Satz mit einer Vielzahl derartiger Einrichtungen wird am Rande eines Abhanges oder in einem Abhang, in welchem Lawinen ausgelöst werden sollen, zur Aufstellung gebracht. Sobald über die Leitung 25 an den Zünder 24 der Treibladung 2 ein elektrischer Impuls abgegeben wird, wird die Treibladung 2 gezündet, wodurch mittels des hierdurch erzeugten Schubes die Sprengladung 3 aus dem Rohr 1 hinausgeschleudert wird. Sobald sich die Sprengladung 3 über eine Entfernung, welche etwa der Länge des Zugelementes 37 gleich ist, bewegt hat, wird mittels des Zugelementes 37 der Anzündmechanismus 35 aktiviert, wodurch die Zündschnur 36 entzündet wird. Das Zugelement 37 wird nach seiner Streckung aus dem Anzündmechanismus 35 herausgerissen. Soferne die Leitung 25 aus dem Rohr 1 hinaus mitgenommen wird, wird diese aus der Klemme 26 herausgerissen. Mittels der Treibladung 2 wird die Sprengladung 3 über Entfernungen von z.B. 30 m bis 250 m in einen Abhang, in welchem eine Lawine ausgelöst werden soll, geschleudert. Sobald die Zündkapsel 39 über die Zündschnur 36 gezündet wurde, wird die Sprengladung 3 zur Detonation gebracht, wodurch aufgrund der hierdurch erzeugten Druckwelle eine Lawine ausgelöst werden kann.
Claims (13)
- Einrichtung zum Auslösen einer Lawine od.dgl. unter Verwendung einer Sprengladung (3), welche in einen Lawinenhang eingebracht und in diesem zur Detonation gebracht wird, wobei sich die Sprengladung (3) in einem einseitig geschlossenen Rohr (1) befindet, in welchem zudem eine Treibladung (2) angeordnet ist, durch welche die Sprengladung (3) aus dem Rohr (1) in den Lawinenhang förderbar ist und sich in der Sprengladung (3) eine Zündkapsel (39) und ein Anzündmechanismus (35) befinden, welche insbesondere über eine Zündschnur (36) miteinander verbunden sind, dadurch gekennzeichnet, daß der Anzündmechanismus (35) über ein Zugelement (37) mit dem Rohr (1), z.B. mittels eines Bolzens (38) od.dgl., verbunden ist, wobei die Länge des Zugelementes (37) zumindest der axialen Länge des Rohres (1) gleich ist.
- Einrichtung nach Patentanspruch 1, dadurch gekennzeichnet, daß sich die Sprengladung (3) in einem rohrförmigen Gehäuse (31) befindet, welches mittels Kappen (32, 33) verschlossen ist, wobei die Treibladung (2) an der dem bodenseitigen Verschluß (11) des Rohres (1) zugeordneten Kappe (32) angeordnet, insbesondere befestigt, ist.
- Einrichtung nach einem der Patentansprüche 1 und 2, dadurch gekennzeichnet, daß das Rohr (1) nahe seinem Boden (11) mit einem seitlichen Schlitz (12) od.dgl. ausgebildet ist, durch welchen hindurch die Treibladung (2) in das Rohr (1) einsetzbar ist.
- Einrichtung nach Patentanspruch 3, dadurch gekennzeichnet, daß eine Tragplatte (13) vorgesehen ist, welche mit einer Ausnehmung (13a) zur Aufnahme der Treibladung (2) ausgebildet ist und welche durch den Schlitz (12) hindurch in das Rohr (1) einsetzbar ist.
- Einrichtung nach einem der Patentansprüche 3 und 4, dadurch gekennzeichnet, daß weiters eine Zwischenplatte (15) od.dgl. vorgesehen ist, die zwischen die Treibladung (2) und den Boden (11) des Rohres (1) in das Rohr (1) einsetzbar ist.
- Einrichtung nach einem der Patentansprüche 1 bis 5, dadurch gekennzeichnet, daß an der Außenseite des Rohres (1) eine Anschlußklemme (26) für eine zur Treibladung (2) führende elektrische Leitung (25] angeordnet ist.
- Einrichtung nach einem der Patentansprüche 1 bis 6, dadurch gekennzeichnet, daß das Rohr (1) von einer Kunststoff-Folie (63) umschlossen ist.
- Vorrichtung zur Anordnung von Einrichtungen nach einem der Patentansprüche 1 bis 7, gekennzeichnet durch eine Trageinrichtung (5) mit einer Vielzahl von Rohren (1) zum Ausschleudern von Sprengladungen (3), wobei vorzugsweise die Rohre (1) auf der Trageinrichtung (5) in ihrer Winkellage ein- und feststellbar sind.
- Vorrichtung nach Patentanspruch 8, dadurch gekennzeichnet, daß an der Trageinrichtung (5) ein Gehäuse (6) angeordnet ist, in dessen Innenraum sich ein Satz von Rohren (1) befindet.
- Vorrichtung nach Patentanspruch 9, dadurch gekennzeichnet, daß das Gehäuse (6) mit vorzugsweise motorisch verstellbaren Klappen (61, 62) ausgebildet ist.
- Vorrichtung nach einem der Patentansprüche 8 bis 10, dadurch gekennzeichnet, daß die Rohre (1) in Halteelemente, wie Hülsen (60), eingesetzt sind, welche in ihrer Lage ein- und feststellbar sind.
- Vorrichtung nach einem der Patentansprüche 8 bis 11, dadurch gekennzeichnet, daß sie eine Batterie (54) und bzw. oder ein Solarpaneel (51) aufweist.
- Vorrichtung nach einem der Patentansprüche 8 bis 12, dadurch gekennzeichnet, daß sie ortsfest oder auf einem Fahrzeug, z.B. einem Pistenfahrzeug, angeordnet ist.
Applications Claiming Priority (6)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| AT55396 | 1996-03-26 | ||
| AT55396 | 1996-03-26 | ||
| AT553/96 | 1996-03-26 | ||
| AT0064196A AT407576B (de) | 1996-04-10 | 1996-04-10 | Vorrichtung zum auslösen einer lawine od.dgl. |
| AT64196 | 1996-04-10 | ||
| AT641/96 | 1996-04-10 |
Publications (3)
| Publication Number | Publication Date |
|---|---|
| EP0798536A2 EP0798536A2 (de) | 1997-10-01 |
| EP0798536A3 EP0798536A3 (de) | 1999-03-03 |
| EP0798536B1 true EP0798536B1 (de) | 2002-08-07 |
Family
ID=25593131
Family Applications (1)
| Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
|---|---|---|---|
| EP96890183A Expired - Lifetime EP0798536B1 (de) | 1996-03-26 | 1996-12-05 | Einrichtung zum Auslösen einer Lawine od. dgl. |
Country Status (4)
| Country | Link |
|---|---|
| EP (1) | EP0798536B1 (de) |
| AT (1) | ATE221983T1 (de) |
| DE (1) | DE59609540D1 (de) |
| ES (1) | ES2178697T3 (de) |
Families Citing this family (4)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| FR2765320B1 (fr) * | 1997-06-26 | 1999-09-17 | Jacob Schippers | Dispositif pour provoquer la rupture d'une corniche de neige |
| IT1311085B1 (it) * | 1999-03-11 | 2002-02-28 | Monterosa S P A | Dispositivo e procedimento per provocare artificialmente una valanga |
| EP3076122B1 (de) | 2015-04-01 | 2018-10-24 | Inauen-Schätti AG | System zum auslösen von lawinen |
| EP3396303B1 (de) | 2017-04-25 | 2020-04-08 | Inauen-Schätti AG | System zur lawinenauslösung |
Family Cites Families (5)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CH609450A5 (en) * | 1976-11-12 | 1979-02-28 | Erich Friedli | Method and device for triggering a snow avalanche |
| FR2535045A1 (fr) * | 1982-10-26 | 1984-04-27 | Commissariat Energie Atomique | Projectile declencheur d'avalanches |
| FR2609331B1 (fr) * | 1987-01-07 | 1990-01-26 | Soucaze Soudat Jean | Affut reglable lanceur de projectiles avalancheurs |
| CH675023A5 (de) * | 1988-01-12 | 1990-08-15 | Zermatt Air Ag | |
| EP0690285A1 (de) * | 1994-06-29 | 1996-01-03 | Air Zermatt | Verfahren und Vorrichtung zum Auslösen von Lawinen mittels Explosivladungen |
-
1996
- 1996-12-05 AT AT96890183T patent/ATE221983T1/de active
- 1996-12-05 DE DE59609540T patent/DE59609540D1/de not_active Expired - Lifetime
- 1996-12-05 EP EP96890183A patent/EP0798536B1/de not_active Expired - Lifetime
- 1996-12-05 ES ES96890183T patent/ES2178697T3/es not_active Expired - Lifetime
Also Published As
| Publication number | Publication date |
|---|---|
| EP0798536A3 (de) | 1999-03-03 |
| ATE221983T1 (de) | 2002-08-15 |
| EP0798536A2 (de) | 1997-10-01 |
| ES2178697T3 (es) | 2003-01-01 |
| DE59609540D1 (de) | 2002-09-12 |
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