Classifications

• • E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
  • E04—BUILDING
  • E04B—GENERAL BUILDING CONSTRUCTIONS; WALLS, e.g. PARTITIONS; ROOFS; FLOORS; CEILINGS; INSULATION OR OTHER PROTECTION OF BUILDINGS
  • E04B1/00—Constructions in general; Structures which are not restricted either to walls, e.g. partitions, or floors or ceilings or roofs
  • E04B1/62—Insulation or other protection; Elements or use of specified material therefor
  • E04B1/66—Sealings
• • E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
  • E02—HYDRAULIC ENGINEERING; FOUNDATIONS; SOIL SHIFTING
  • E02D—FOUNDATIONS; EXCAVATIONS; EMBANKMENTS; UNDERGROUND OR UNDERWATER STRUCTURES
  • E02D31/00—Protective arrangements for foundations or foundation structures; Ground foundation measures for protecting the soil or the subsoil water, e.g. preventing or counteracting oil pollution
  • E02D31/002—Ground foundation measures for protecting the soil or subsoil water, e.g. preventing or counteracting oil pollution
  • E02D31/004—Sealing liners

Definitions

• the invention relates to a sealing membrane with a coating on the concrete side for sealing non-watertight structures and a method for producing a sealing layer for sealing non-waterproof structures using sealing membranes with a coating on the concrete side.
• Building seals represent a particularly important part of civil engineering and are the subject of an entire set of standards.
• DIN 18195 specifically deals with the field of waterproofing of buildings, whereby a distinction is once again made between waterproofing against soil moisture (part 4), non-pressing water (part 5), water that presses from outside (part 6) and from inside (part 7) .
• the set of standards contains references to further standards for the waterproofing membrane, sealing materials, execution and test methods.
• sealing sheets and auxiliary materials form sealing layers, the seal being formed, depending on the application, by a sealing layer or a plurality of sealing layers glued to one another over the entire surface.
• a further serious disadvantage in the case of seals according to the prior art is that normally the sealing layers are inherently sealed, but as such are separated from the concrete surface of the building. If such sealing layers are damaged, there is a risk that water penetrating at the damaged point will be distributed over a large area over the joint between the sealing layer and the building. According to the prior art, there are also coated sealing sheets, the coating of which sticks to the surface of the building. However, full-surface gluing is only effective if the complicated processing instructions are strictly adhered to and cannot be checked, or only with great effort, to ensure that it works properly.
• the technical problem on which the invention is based is the creation of a seal in concrete structures which is absolutely underrunning, does not have to take into account the setting and drying times of the concrete and the materials used and is not very expensive to produce.
• the coated geomembrane according to the invention or the method for sealing with such a geomembrane has the advantage that significant time savings of generally at least 28 days can be achieved, significant reductions in weather dependency on the construction site and extensive quality assurance through an absolutely complete and underflow-proof connection of Concrete with the waterproofing membrane are given.
• the method is far less dependent on manual care, the importance of this aspect being made clear by the fact that, according to statistical surveys, around 45% of sealing defects and weak points are caused by technical defects in the technical execution.
• Another advantage is the fact that areas which according to the prior art were no longer accessible after concreting, or only with difficulty and therefore could no longer be sealed, can be sealed without problems using the method according to the invention.
• the applicability of the method according to the invention and the use of the sealing sheets according to the invention also in the precast concrete plant provide further significant advantages
• the method according to the invention makes it possible to produce a full-surface underflow-proof connection to the concrete by pouring fresh concrete onto the sealing sheet coated with a cold self-adhesive compound (KSK compound), the fresh concrete forming a waterproof connection with the KSK compound and that The weight of the concrete on top contributes to the densification and strengthening of this connection.
• KSK compound cold self-adhesive compound
• This coated web is previously laid out on the construction site at the location of the building to be erected or inserted into the casting mold in the precast plant.
• the insertion of the coated sealing sheet into a formwork or casting mold is not an unconditional requirement for using the method according to the invention, it can also take place outside.
• the invention does not depend on the weather either with regard to temperature or precipitation. If all the areas to be sealed are covered with the coated sealing membrane, fresh concrete is poured in according to the structure to be created.
• the surfaces to be sealed must be smooth.
• the use of the method according to the invention or the use of the sealing membranes according to the invention makes it possible to operate on the construction site in the production of precast concrete parts with fully connected other components on the construction site, to take this into account already during the shaping in the precast concrete factory and, generally, completely new applications and process technologies in concrete construction and to develop precast concrete parts.
• a sealing membrane according to the invention has the following structure, for example: 1.5 mm plastic sealing membrane PVC P, 0.8 mm KSK compound and 0.07 mm separating film.
• the 0.07 mm thick release film, made of PE, for example, serves as a protective film on the KSK compound and is intended to prevent contamination.
• the release film must be easily removable so that perfect processing is guaranteed.
• the process according to the invention places no demands on the processing temperature, rather it is possible at any temperature at which concrete is poured.
• the application temperature of a waterproofing membrane according to the invention or the waterproofing produced with it ranges from -30 ° C. to + 100 ° C.
• the waterproofing membrane to be coated can alternatively also be a bitumen membrane or a PE membrane.
• KSK compound is a mixture of soft bitumen, styrene-butadiene-styrene (SBS) and synthetic resins to stabilize the adhesive strength.
• SBS styrene-butadiene-styrene
• Such a mass has a density at 20 ° C of 0.95 - 1.00 g / ml, a softening point according to DIN 52011 from 110 ° C to 120 ° C and a needle penetration according to DIN 52010 of 60 - 70/10 mm.
• the water vapor permeability according to DIN 52615 is to be characterized by the following values: water vapor diffusion current density of 0.78 +/- 0.16 g / qm / d, ⁇ -value of 33275 +/- 6138, equivalent Air layer thickness of 26.6 +/- 4.9 m.
• the adhesive values of the coated webs are characterized by a peel strength at room temperature, a peel speed of 400 mm / min and a peel angle of 90 degrees on a steel substrate with an adhesive time of 15 min with a peel value of 8.5 +/- 1.5 N / cm and with an adhesive time of 24 hours with a peel value of 23.1 +/- 2.3 N / cm.
• the cold self-adhesive compound described here is self-adhesive at room temperature and waterproof.
• DIN 18195 State of the art According to the invention.
• method Part 4 Waterproofing against soil moisture 6.3.5 Sealing with plastic sealing sheets Concrete or mortar must have hardened, concrete must be dry. Fresh concrete connects directly to the waterproofing.
• Part 5 Seals against non-pressing water 5. Building requirements Surfaces must be flat and dry. Concrete directly on the waterproofing. 7.3 Sealing for high loads At least two layers of bitumen or plastic, one layer with a protective sheet or metal strips. Only one location.
• Part 6 Sealing against water pressing from the outside 5. structural requirements Surfaces must be flat and dry.
• the component is concreted, the drying and hardening, for example of the concrete, is waited for (28 days strength). After the formwork is removed , the concrete is reworked as much as possible, burrs in the concrete are removed, lead-through openings for the tensioning wires of the formwork are removed, any unevenness is compensated, etc.
• Whether the structure is one or two layers is based on DIN 18195, as are the tests. According to DIN 18195, sealing against pressurized water, for example, must always be carried out in two layers. Sealing work and also the tests can only be carried out with the conventional variant if there is a suitable work space.
• the seal is first laid, e.g. B. in the construction pit, and then the concrete base is poured onto the waterproofing.
• the KSK-coated geomembrane is pulled up around 30 cm at the sole edges, welded and checked. For example, all seam connections of the geomembranes are hot air welded, butt joints are additionally welded with strips.
• the sealing is therefore carried out simultaneously with the concreting; there is no need to wait for the concrete to harden and no post-treatment, etc. is required.
• the welding and testing of the seal in accordance with DIN 18195 is carried out before concreting.
• the seal in the precast plant can be placed in the molds, welded and checked. Then the wall parts are concreted so that the sealing is applied at the same time as the concreting.
• the walls are then set up at the construction site and the existing waterproofing of the sole is connected to the wall waterproofing.
• a very significant difference from the conventional variant is that sealing sheets with a self-adhesive layer are used here and the concrete is concreted directly onto this self-adhesive layer. This process creates a full-surface and underflow-proof connection between the concrete and the waterproofing.

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• Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
• Environmental & Geological Engineering (AREA)
• Architecture (AREA)
• Life Sciences & Earth Sciences (AREA)
• Civil Engineering (AREA)
• Structural Engineering (AREA)
• Hydrology & Water Resources (AREA)
• Electromagnetism (AREA)
• Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
• General Life Sciences & Earth Sciences (AREA)
• Mining & Mineral Resources (AREA)
• Paleontology (AREA)
• General Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
• Building Environments (AREA)
• Treatment Of Sludge (AREA)
• On-Site Construction Work That Accompanies The Preparation And Application Of Concrete (AREA)

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• 1996
  • 1996-03-22 DE DE19611297A patent/DE19611297C2/de not_active Expired - Lifetime
• 1997
  • 1997-03-14 AT AT97104351T patent/ATE254701T1/de active
  • 1997-03-14 DE DE59711011T patent/DE59711011D1/de not_active Expired - Lifetime
  • 1997-03-14 EP EP97104351A patent/EP0796951B1/fr not_active Expired - Lifetime

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