EP0768271A2 - Bobinoir pour un fil en déplacement continu - Google Patents

Bobinoir pour un fil en déplacement continu Download PDF

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Publication number
EP0768271A2
EP0768271A2 EP96116021A EP96116021A EP0768271A2 EP 0768271 A2 EP0768271 A2 EP 0768271A2 EP 96116021 A EP96116021 A EP 96116021A EP 96116021 A EP96116021 A EP 96116021A EP 0768271 A2 EP0768271 A2 EP 0768271A2
Authority
EP
European Patent Office
Prior art keywords
drum
winding
contact roller
thread
speed
Prior art date
Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
Granted
Application number
EP96116021A
Other languages
German (de)
English (en)
Other versions
EP0768271B1 (fr
EP0768271A3 (fr
Inventor
Jürgen Rom
Jörg Bamberg
Current Assignee (The listed assignees may be inaccurate. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation or warranty as to the accuracy of the list.)
Georg Sahm GmbH and Co KG
Original Assignee
Georg Sahm GmbH and Co KG
Priority date (The priority date is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the date listed.)
Filing date
Publication date
Application filed by Georg Sahm GmbH and Co KG filed Critical Georg Sahm GmbH and Co KG
Publication of EP0768271A2 publication Critical patent/EP0768271A2/fr
Publication of EP0768271A3 publication Critical patent/EP0768271A3/fr
Application granted granted Critical
Publication of EP0768271B1 publication Critical patent/EP0768271B1/fr
Anticipated expiration legal-status Critical
Expired - Lifetime legal-status Critical Current

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Classifications

    • BPERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B65CONVEYING; PACKING; STORING; HANDLING THIN OR FILAMENTARY MATERIAL
    • B65HHANDLING THIN OR FILAMENTARY MATERIAL, e.g. SHEETS, WEBS, CABLES
    • B65H61/00Applications of devices for metering predetermined lengths of running material
    • B65H61/005Applications of devices for metering predetermined lengths of running material for measuring speed of running yarns
    • BPERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B65CONVEYING; PACKING; STORING; HANDLING THIN OR FILAMENTARY MATERIAL
    • B65HHANDLING THIN OR FILAMENTARY MATERIAL, e.g. SHEETS, WEBS, CABLES
    • B65H54/00Winding, coiling, or depositing filamentary material
    • B65H54/02Winding and traversing material on to reels, bobbins, tubes, or like package cores or formers
    • B65H54/40Arrangements for rotating packages
    • B65H54/52Drive contact pressure control, e.g. pressing arrangements
    • BPERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B65CONVEYING; PACKING; STORING; HANDLING THIN OR FILAMENTARY MATERIAL
    • B65HHANDLING THIN OR FILAMENTARY MATERIAL, e.g. SHEETS, WEBS, CABLES
    • B65H67/00Replacing or removing cores, receptacles, or completed packages at paying-out, winding, or depositing stations
    • B65H67/04Arrangements for removing completed take-up packages and or replacing by cores, formers, or empty receptacles at winding or depositing stations; Transferring material between adjacent full and empty take-up elements
    • B65H67/044Continuous winding apparatus for winding on two or more winding heads in succession
    • B65H67/048Continuous winding apparatus for winding on two or more winding heads in succession having winding heads arranged on rotary capstan head
    • BPERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B65CONVEYING; PACKING; STORING; HANDLING THIN OR FILAMENTARY MATERIAL
    • B65HHANDLING THIN OR FILAMENTARY MATERIAL, e.g. SHEETS, WEBS, CABLES
    • B65H2511/00Dimensions; Position; Numbers; Identification; Occurrences
    • B65H2511/20Location in space
    • B65H2511/21Angle
    • B65H2511/212Rotary position
    • BPERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B65CONVEYING; PACKING; STORING; HANDLING THIN OR FILAMENTARY MATERIAL
    • B65HHANDLING THIN OR FILAMENTARY MATERIAL, e.g. SHEETS, WEBS, CABLES
    • B65H2513/00Dynamic entities; Timing aspects
    • B65H2513/10Speed
    • B65H2513/11Speed angular
    • BPERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B65CONVEYING; PACKING; STORING; HANDLING THIN OR FILAMENTARY MATERIAL
    • B65HHANDLING THIN OR FILAMENTARY MATERIAL, e.g. SHEETS, WEBS, CABLES
    • B65H2557/00Means for control not provided for in groups B65H2551/00 - B65H2555/00
    • B65H2557/20Calculating means; Controlling methods
    • B65H2557/24Calculating methods; Mathematic models
    • BPERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B65CONVEYING; PACKING; STORING; HANDLING THIN OR FILAMENTARY MATERIAL
    • B65HHANDLING THIN OR FILAMENTARY MATERIAL, e.g. SHEETS, WEBS, CABLES
    • B65H2557/00Means for control not provided for in groups B65H2551/00 - B65H2555/00
    • B65H2557/30Control systems architecture or components, e.g. electronic or pneumatic modules; Details thereof
    • BPERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B65CONVEYING; PACKING; STORING; HANDLING THIN OR FILAMENTARY MATERIAL
    • B65HHANDLING THIN OR FILAMENTARY MATERIAL, e.g. SHEETS, WEBS, CABLES
    • B65H2701/00Handled material; Storage means
    • B65H2701/30Handled filamentary material
    • B65H2701/31Textiles threads or artificial strands of filaments

Definitions

  • the invention relates to a winding machine for a continuously running thread, with a rotatable drum on which two drivable winding spindles are rotatably mounted, with a laying device and a contact roller, which are arranged upstream of the drum in the thread path, the contact roller being in circumferential contact with the spool, which forms on the winding spindle in operation, and the distance between the axis of the contact roller and the axis of the winding spindle in operation can be varied in the sense of an increase in accordance with the growing diameter of the coil.
  • a method for regulating a winding machine for a continuously running thread in which a drum on which two drivable winding spindles are rotatably mounted are rotated relative to a contact roller and the thread is wound onto the bobbin with a laying device via the contact roller, the distance between the axis of the contact roller and the axis of the winding spindle in operation being changed in the sense of an enlargement in accordance with the growing diameter of the bobbin .
  • a winding machine of this type is known from EP 0 374 536 B1.
  • the contact roller used here can be pivoted on a rocker arm or can be moved in a straight line in a straight guide.
  • a sensor is provided which detects the movement of the contact roller relative to the surface of the bobbin forming on the winding spindle in operation.
  • the sensor belongs to a control device and works as a two-point control element. If the contact roller is moved by the diameter of the bobbin, which increases during the winding process, with the axis of the drum at a standstill, then a control pulse is applied to the rotary drive of the drum and the drum is rotated, so that the direction of movement of the contact roller is reversed and this falls below the set trigger point on the control element.
  • the number of readjustment steps per unit of time decreases due to the migration of the bobbin while the drum is rotating and the increasingly slow growing bobbin diameter, ie the change in the contact pressure via the contact roller slows down.
  • Another disadvantage is that a separate complex control device is required for control.
  • the invention has for its object to provide a further winding machine of the type described above, which is inexpensive to manufacture and easy to maintain and also has a small size.
  • a control device is provided for the rotation of the drum, that the winding machine has a device for determining the speed of the thread and a device for determining the speed of the winding spindle in operation, and that the control device has a computing unit for calculating the respective current diameter of the bobbin forming on the operating bobbin and the respective current angular velocity between the beginning and end of each computing cycle as control variables for the rotation of the drum over the entire winding cycle.
  • the invention is based on the idea of first providing a regulating device instead of the known control device in order to regulate the rotation of the drum in a quasi-constant movement sequence.
  • This can be designed so that, for. B. runs every 10 ms a computing cycle, each followed by a control cycle. This creates a quasi-continuous movement of the drum during the winding cycle.
  • the winding machine does not require any additional elements, such as sensors or the like, for the regulation, but rather already existing elements which are necessary for the control of the Thread tension on the winding machine are used.
  • a device for determining the speed of the thread and a device for determining the speed of the winding spindle in operation are used.
  • the current diameter of the bobbin being formed is calculated from the thread speed and the speed of the winding spindle in operation, and the respective current angular velocity between the beginning and the end of each computing cycle is determined.
  • the drum is rotated further at this current angular velocity.
  • a respective setpoint of the angle of rotation for the drum is determined from the calculation of the respective current diameter.
  • the current angular velocity at which the drum is rotated is calculated from the measured period of time that has elapsed between the beginning and the end of each computing cycle and the respective target value of the angle of rotation.
  • the setpoint of the angle of rotation is the angle between the axis of the winding spindle at the beginning and at the end of a respective calculation cycle above the axis of the drum.
  • the advantage here is that no additional sensors are required, but existing sensors are used for thread tension control.
  • the control device is no longer dependent on a movement of the contact roller, ie the contact roller can be designed and arranged completely freely.
  • the contact roller it is possible to use the contact roller to exert such a contact pressure on the circumference of the coil that is formed, which is designed according to criteria that are independent of the control system, for example, it has a continuous course.
  • a constant decrease in the contact pressure is possible without fluctuations, which has a favorable effect on the coil structure.
  • a microprocessor can be provided as the computing unit.
  • Such a microprocessor represents a suitable structural unit for the implementation of the computing unit various desired arithmetic operations and steps can be summarized, as they are also required for thread tension control.
  • the device for determining the speed of the thread can have a device for detecting the speed of the contact roller. Since the diameter of the contact roller and the run-up angle at which the thread is placed obliquely on the circumference of the contact roller are known, the speed of the thread can be calculated in a simple manner. However, any other device for determining the speed of the thread can also be used, for example a separate device which is arranged upstream of the laying device or at another location.
  • the device for determining the speed of the thread and the device for determining the speed of the winding spindle in operation are also designed as control devices for the rotation of the drum. This means that existing elements are used anyway.
  • the contact roller can be mounted so that it can be deflected relative to the axis of the drum and thus to the respective winding spindle, a device for controlling a constant or controlled variable contact pressure of the contact roller on the winding spindle in operation being provided.
  • the avoidable mounting of the contact roller makes sense on the one hand, in order to be able to turn the drum with the two winding spindles.
  • the contact roller does not necessarily have to move, movement of the contact roller can nevertheless be provided, but this then serves another purpose, namely the application of a contact pressure or a contact force curve via the winding cycle.
  • the computing unit can have a memory for receiving a table of values for the setpoint of the rotation angle of the drum as a function of the diameter of the coil. It goes without saying that such a value table can be entered depending on the application. However, it is also possible to design the arithmetic unit so that the setpoint of the angle of rotation is calculated as a function of the diameter of the coil. The computing cycle will then take a little longer. In view of the mechanically moving parts of the winding machine, however, this has no disadvantageous consequences.
  • the method for controlling a winding machine is characterized in that the drum is rotated continuously with angular speeds changing from computing cycle to computing cycle.
  • the invention is based on the idea of leaving the rotating and stopping of the drum alternately, as is known in the prior art, and changing it into an uninterrupted, continuous rotation of the drum.
  • Changing angular velocities are used in succession, ie the angular velocity of the rotary drive of the drum is switched to another angular velocity, so that the drum definitely performs a continuous movement, the course of the changing angular velocities having a hyperbolic character.
  • the current angular velocities used decrease during a winding trip.
  • slightly increasing angular velocities can also result at the end of a winding trip. In this area, however, the change in angular velocity from control cycle to control cycle is not particularly great.
  • Computation cycles can advantageously be used which are repeated at time intervals constant over the winding cycle, for example in particular in 10 msec. It is perfectly possible to repeat the calculation cycles at such short intervals. However, it is not harmful if the number of computing cycles is reduced and the time intervals are increased, since the drive of the drum anyway contains a large number of mechanical elements which prove to be comparatively slow. It is also possible to use different numbers of computing cycles on the one hand and control cycles on the other hand, to form averages or the like. In general, however, this is not necessary.
  • a method is possible in which the current angular velocity of the rotation of the drum changes for each control cycle as a function of a constant increase in the diameter of the coil.
  • the diameter of the bobbin will grow comparatively less quickly than at the beginning of a winding cycle.
  • the angular velocities will change significantly more at the beginning of a winding trip than at the end of a winding trip.
  • the setpoint value of the angle of rotation over the winding travel remains constant, in particular in the central region of the winding travel, over a larger area.
  • the respective current angular velocity of the rotation of the drum is calculated from the previous control cycle. Although this is a small error, this can easily be accepted because the required accuracy is achieved by the large number of computing and control cycles.
  • a thread 1 is shown, which runs continuously in the direction of an arrow 2 from a spinning shaft to a winding machine 3.
  • the thread runs over a laying device 4 on the circumference of a contact roller 5.
  • a drum 6 is rotatably or pivotably mounted about its axis 7 according to arrow 8.
  • two winding spindles 9 and 10 are rotatably mounted.
  • the axes 11 and 12 of the winding spindles 9 and 10 are vertically aligned below the axis 13 of the contact roller 5.
  • An empty tube 14 is located on the winding spindle 9.
  • This winding spindle 9 is shown in the working position, that is to say at the beginning of a winding process or a winding cycle.
  • the winding spindle 10 with a coil 15 wound thereon is in the reserve position in which the bobbin change is carried out.
  • the winding machine 3 is designed so that two threads 1 are wound on two spools 15 simultaneously.
  • the winding machine 3 has a motor 16 for driving the winding spindle 9 in the working position and in the reserve position.
  • a motor 17 is for driving the winding spindle 10 in the reserve position and the working position intended.
  • a motor 18 serves to drive the drum 6.
  • a gear 19 serves to transmit the rotary drive of the two motors 16 and 17 to the winding spindles 9 and 10 despite their pivotability over the drum 6.
  • the winding machine 3 has a schematically illustrated control device 20.
  • a computing unit 21, for example in the form of a microprocessor, can be part of the control device 20.
  • FIG 3 illustrates once again the relative positions during a winding trip.
  • the winding spindle 9 is shown with its axis 11 and the empty sleeve 14 at the beginning of the winding process.
  • the circumference of the contact roller 5 lies against the circumference of the sleeve 14.
  • the drum 6 is rotated according to arrow 8, so that the winding spindle 9, on which the bobbin 15 forms, evades in the clockwise direction.
  • the pivoting or rotation of the drum 6 takes place over a rotation angle 22.
  • the winding spindle 10 rotates with the drum 6 in the same direction of rotation.
  • the angle of rotation 22 increases as the diameter of the bobbin 15 increases.
  • the angle of rotation 22 is the angle that is spanned between the axis 11 of the winding spindle 9 in operation at the beginning of the winding process and almost at the end of a winding cycle above the fixed axis 7 of the drum 6 . It can thus be seen that a certain rotation angle 22 belongs to a certain diameter 23 of the winding spindle 15. It can also be seen from FIG. 3 that the circumference of the contact roller 5 always lies against the circumference of the coil 15 that is being formed, but the contact point changes. This change depends on the geometric relationships of the arrangement of the parts to one another.
  • the contact point can initially move so that the wrap angle with which the thread 1 wraps around the circumference of the contact roller 5 initially decreases, but increases somewhat towards the end of a winding trip.
  • the contact roller 5 can be mounted so as to be avoidable relative to the axis 7 of the drum 6 by means of a bearing (not shown). It is also possible to get one To provide a device for controlling a constant or controlled variable contact pressure of the contact roller on the circumference of the coil 15, which forms the winding spindle located on its operation.
  • a sensor 24 is used to detect the speed of the contact roller 5.
  • a sensor 25 is used to detect the speed of the winding spindle 9.
  • a sensor 26 detects the speed of the winding spindle 10.
  • a frequency converter 27 is assigned to the motor 16 for driving the winding spindle 9. Accordingly, a frequency converter 28 is provided in the drive of the winding spindle 10.
  • An OR element 29 serves to change the working position or reserve position between the two winding spindles 9 and 10.
  • An index "is” denotes a variable in its current value.
  • An index "target” identifies a calculated target value.
  • a difference value is designated by DELTA.
  • FIG. 5 shows the course of the angle of rotation phi of the drum 6 as a function of the increase in diameter of the coil 15 over the diameter D or also over time. The course of the angular velocity over time is also shown. This curve is hyperbolic in character.
  • a value table 33 is stored in the memory 32 of the computing unit 21.
  • the growing diameters 23 of the coil 15 (for example in coil growth rates of 2 mm each) are assigned certain angles of rotation 22 (phi soll ).
  • the time 36 is measured, which takes a coil diameter increase of z. B. 2 mm leads.
  • the current diameter 23 (D) of the coil 15 is calculated from the speed n K of the contact roller and the speed n S of the coil 15 or the winding spindle 9, which is currently in the working position.
  • the drum 6 is rotated further until the next DELTA D spool increase is reached.
  • the angle of rotation phi ist achieved in this case supplied by the resolver 38 of the motor 18 of the drum, is fed back as the actual value to the I controller 34 of the computing unit 21 and compared with the target value phi soll from the stored value table 33.
  • the angular velocity omega of the I controller 34 is corrected to the control device 20 by iterative approximation, so that the deviation between phi and phi is intended in the course of the winding cycle is always smaller.
  • control device 20 without storing a table of values:
  • the current diameter 23 of the coil 15 (D) is, as above, calculated from the speed n K of the contact roller 5 and the speed n S of the winding spindle 9 or 10 with the coil 15.
  • omega f (phi should , T)
  • the drum 6 stands still until the start of the second calculation cycle. With the calculated angular velocity omega (> 0), the drum 6 is rotated further until the next calculation cycle gives a new value for the angular velocity omega.
  • the actual value of the rotation angle phi is supplied by the resolver 38 of the motor 18 of the drum 6, are compared.
  • the angular velocity omega of the I controller 34 is corrected to the control device 20 by iterative approximation, so that the deviation between phi and phi is intended in the course of the winding cycle is always smaller.

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  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Textile Engineering (AREA)
  • Winding Filamentary Materials (AREA)
  • Controlling Rewinding, Feeding, Winding, Or Abnormalities Of Webs (AREA)
  • Replacement Of Web Rolls (AREA)
  • Spinning Methods And Devices For Manufacturing Artificial Fibers (AREA)
  • Tension Adjustment In Filamentary Materials (AREA)
  • Yarns And Mechanical Finishing Of Yarns Or Ropes (AREA)
EP96116021A 1995-10-16 1996-10-07 Bobinoir pour un fil en déplacement continu Expired - Lifetime EP0768271B1 (fr)

Applications Claiming Priority (2)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
DE19538480 1995-10-16
DE19538480A DE19538480C2 (de) 1995-10-16 1995-10-16 Spulmaschine und Verfahren zum Aufwickeln eines kontinuierlich zulaufenden Fadens auf eine Spule

Publications (3)

Publication Number Publication Date
EP0768271A2 true EP0768271A2 (fr) 1997-04-16
EP0768271A3 EP0768271A3 (fr) 1998-01-21
EP0768271B1 EP0768271B1 (fr) 2000-02-09

Family

ID=7774980

Family Applications (1)

Application Number Title Priority Date Filing Date
EP96116021A Expired - Lifetime EP0768271B1 (fr) 1995-10-16 1996-10-07 Bobinoir pour un fil en déplacement continu

Country Status (7)

Country Link
US (1) US5785265A (fr)
EP (1) EP0768271B1 (fr)
JP (1) JP3523429B2 (fr)
KR (1) KR970020917A (fr)
AT (1) ATE189666T1 (fr)
DE (2) DE19538480C2 (fr)
TW (1) TW316892B (fr)

Cited By (5)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
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KR970020917A (ko) * 1995-10-16 1997-05-28 베르너 리베르크네흐트 연속공급사의 권취기
WO1998042607A1 (fr) * 1997-03-25 1998-10-01 Barmag Ag Procede d'embobinage d'un fil arrivant en continu
EP0905077A2 (fr) * 1997-09-30 1999-03-31 Georg Sahm Gmbh & Co. Kg Machine et procédé de bobinage pour un fil en déplacement continu
EP1118569A2 (fr) * 1999-12-17 2001-07-25 COGNETEX S.r.l. Procédé pour la commande de l'entraínement en rotation de la tourelle d'un dispositif enrouleur de fil
DE10151310A1 (de) * 2001-10-17 2003-05-08 Barmag Spinnzwirn Gmbh Aufspulvorrichtung

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Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
DE19832809A1 (de) * 1997-07-26 1999-01-28 Barmag Barmer Maschf Verfahren zur Steuerung einer Aufspulmaschine
DE19802509A1 (de) * 1998-01-23 1999-07-29 Rieter Ag Maschf Aufwindevorrichtung für Endlosfäden
KR100274057B1 (ko) * 1998-03-07 2001-12-17 홍영철 와이어다단권취장치
KR100430760B1 (ko) * 2001-07-25 2004-05-10 (주)누리 이엔지 복수 스핀들 구동형 권선기 제어시스템 및 이를 이용한 제어방법
DE10207900A1 (de) * 2002-02-21 2003-09-25 Sahm Georg Fa Spulmaschine und Verfahren zum Aufwickeln eines kontinuierlich zulaufenden Fadens auf eine Spule
DE10253253A1 (de) * 2002-11-15 2004-06-09 Georg Sahm Gmbh & Co. Kg Spulmaschine und Verfahren zum Aufwickeln eines kontinuierlich zulaufenden Fadens auf eine Spule
FR2850093B1 (fr) * 2003-01-22 2005-12-30 Saint Gobain Vetrotex Bobinoir a courses decouplees pour fibres thermoplastiques
KR100657782B1 (ko) * 2006-01-25 2006-12-14 (재)한국섬유기계연구소 권사기의 권취량 측정장치
CN106044362B (zh) * 2016-08-15 2019-04-12 浙江万方安道拓纺织科技有限公司 一种纱线绕线机
DE102022002512A1 (de) * 2022-07-09 2024-01-11 Oerlikon Textile Gmbh & Co. Kg Verfahren und Vorrichtung zum Ermitteln einer Drehzahlstellgröße für eine Antriebseinheit eines Spulspindelrevolvers

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DE3911854A1 (de) * 1988-04-11 1989-11-09 Murata Machinery Ltd Auflagedruck-steuervorrichtung fuer eine spulmaschine
EP0374536B1 (fr) * 1988-12-22 1994-03-30 B a r m a g AG Machine de bobinage
US5407143A (en) * 1992-03-02 1995-04-18 Kamitsu Seisakusho Ltd. Turret type yarn winder
DE4423491A1 (de) * 1994-07-05 1996-01-11 Neumag Gmbh Verfahren zum Steuern des Drehantriebs einer Aufspulmaschine
JPH08290870A (ja) * 1995-04-24 1996-11-05 Murata Mach Ltd 巻取機のボビン位置調整方法及びその装置

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Cited By (8)

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Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
KR970020917A (ko) * 1995-10-16 1997-05-28 베르너 리베르크네흐트 연속공급사의 권취기
WO1998042607A1 (fr) * 1997-03-25 1998-10-01 Barmag Ag Procede d'embobinage d'un fil arrivant en continu
US6105896A (en) * 1997-03-25 2000-08-22 Barmag Ag Method and apparatus for winding an advancing yarn
EP0905077A2 (fr) * 1997-09-30 1999-03-31 Georg Sahm Gmbh & Co. Kg Machine et procédé de bobinage pour un fil en déplacement continu
EP0905077A3 (fr) * 1997-09-30 2000-09-13 Georg Sahm Gmbh & Co. Kg Machine et procédé de bobinage pour un fil en déplacement continu
EP1118569A2 (fr) * 1999-12-17 2001-07-25 COGNETEX S.r.l. Procédé pour la commande de l'entraínement en rotation de la tourelle d'un dispositif enrouleur de fil
EP1118569A3 (fr) * 1999-12-17 2001-11-14 COGNETEX S.r.l. Procédé pour la commande de l'entraínement en rotation de la tourelle d'un dispositif enrouleur de fil
DE10151310A1 (de) * 2001-10-17 2003-05-08 Barmag Spinnzwirn Gmbh Aufspulvorrichtung

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EP0768271B1 (fr) 2000-02-09
JPH09169469A (ja) 1997-06-30
ATE189666T1 (de) 2000-02-15
TW316892B (fr) 1997-10-01
DE19538480C1 (de) 1997-05-07
US5785265A (en) 1998-07-28
JP3523429B2 (ja) 2004-04-26
DE19538480C2 (de) 2001-10-25
DE59604407D1 (de) 2000-03-16
EP0768271A3 (fr) 1998-01-21
KR970020917A (ko) 1997-05-28

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