Classifications

• • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
  • B26—HAND CUTTING TOOLS; CUTTING; SEVERING
  • B26B—HAND-HELD CUTTING TOOLS NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
  • B26B19/00—Clippers or shavers operating with a plurality of cutting edges, e.g. hair clippers, dry shavers
  • B26B19/38—Details of, or accessories for, hair clippers, or dry shavers, e.g. housings, casings, grips, guards
• • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
  • B26—HAND CUTTING TOOLS; CUTTING; SEVERING
  • B26B—HAND-HELD CUTTING TOOLS NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
  • B26B19/00—Clippers or shavers operating with a plurality of cutting edges, e.g. hair clippers, dry shavers
  • B26B19/02—Clippers or shavers operating with a plurality of cutting edges, e.g. hair clippers, dry shavers of the reciprocating-cutter type
  • B26B19/04—Cutting heads therefor; Cutters therefor; Securing equipment thereof
  • B26B19/042—Long hair cutters or older types comprising a cutting grid
• • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
  • B26—HAND CUTTING TOOLS; CUTTING; SEVERING
  • B26B—HAND-HELD CUTTING TOOLS NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
  • B26B19/00—Clippers or shavers operating with a plurality of cutting edges, e.g. hair clippers, dry shavers
  • B26B19/02—Clippers or shavers operating with a plurality of cutting edges, e.g. hair clippers, dry shavers of the reciprocating-cutter type
  • B26B19/04—Cutting heads therefor; Cutters therefor; Securing equipment thereof
• • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
  • B26—HAND CUTTING TOOLS; CUTTING; SEVERING
  • B26B—HAND-HELD CUTTING TOOLS NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
  • B26B19/00—Clippers or shavers operating with a plurality of cutting edges, e.g. hair clippers, dry shavers
  • B26B19/02—Clippers or shavers operating with a plurality of cutting edges, e.g. hair clippers, dry shavers of the reciprocating-cutter type
  • B26B19/04—Cutting heads therefor; Cutters therefor; Securing equipment thereof
  • B26B19/06—Cutting heads therefor; Cutters therefor; Securing equipment thereof involving co-operating cutting elements both of which have shearing teeth
• • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
  • B26—HAND CUTTING TOOLS; CUTTING; SEVERING
  • B26B—HAND-HELD CUTTING TOOLS NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
  • B26B19/00—Clippers or shavers operating with a plurality of cutting edges, e.g. hair clippers, dry shavers
  • B26B19/38—Details of, or accessories for, hair clippers, or dry shavers, e.g. housings, casings, grips, guards
  • B26B19/384—Dry-shaver foils; Manufacture thereof

Definitions

• the invention relates to a knife, which takes over the function of the upper or lower knife in a cutting device consisting of an upper and lower knife of an electric shaver or an electric beard cutter, the multiturn teeth on a comb strip in its cutting area, which is designed as a flat sliding surface with intervening slots and with cutting edges formed at their edges and on which one or more wall parts angled relative to the cutting area are arranged, the upper and lower knives being moved relative to one another in parallel in such a way that hair passing through the slots of the upper and lower knives be cut off from the cutting edges.
• the sliding surfaces of the blades of the upper and lower knives sliding against one another must be flat and smooth so that the blades can slide against one another with almost no play. Additional spring forces ensure that the oscillating lower knife always lies with a certain contact force on the upper knife without sliding.
• the knives are punched out of sheet steel or shaped by etching.
• the sheet metal parts are then bent and then hardened.
• the Surface of the cutting active areas of the teeth ground and / or polished.
• the grinding edges make the cutting edges, which are already hardened, sharper; however, the cutting edge sharpness that can be achieved is only in the range from 10 to 15 micrometers. This improves the cutting behavior compared to the non-ground or non-polished sliding surfaces of the teeth; however, good cutting results are still not achieved with this.
• a cutting device consisting of an upper and lower knife of an electric shaving apparatus is also known.
• the cutting device mentioned here is a middle cutter, which is intended for cutting longer whiskers.
• both the upper and lower knife consist of a U-shaped sheet metal part, which are hardened after the punching and bending process. In order to obtain the required flatness for a good cutting result, the unevenness caused by the bending process on the sliding surfaces is ground away.
• shavers of the types 255, 355 or 550 from Philips are known in the trade, in which three round knives are designed as upper knives on the shaving head, and round knives rotate as lower knives on their sliding surfaces.
• the upper knives consist of round, one-piece and pot-shaped sheet metal parts with webs and slots, the sheet metal parts also being subjected to a hardening process after they have been shaped. Then at least its sliding surfaces are ground to achieve both flat and sharp cutting edges.
• the wall parts which are angled and cylindrical from the cutting plane, serve to fasten the knife thus produced to the shaving head frame.
• the object of the invention is now to improve the cutting quality of a conventional knife provided with angled wall parts with simple and inexpensive means.
• the material of the etched, hardened blade part is subsequently welded to softer wall parts, but the heat required for the welding process is controlled in such a way that neither loss of hardness and strength nor deformation in the blade area occurs.
• wall parts of any design can be attached to the flat, very hard and sharp blade by the process according to the invention, without the blade losing its strength, hardness and flatness.
• the invention thus provides a knife which, when used in a cutting device for an electrically operated shaver or beard trimmer, delivers an optimal cutting result; And this is because, due to the high surface quality and flatness, both blades slide absolutely evenly against each other, and especially when a third ; r both blades are pressed against the other with a certain spring force. This absolutely avoids a cutting gap on the sliding surfaces.
• the cutting edges of the blades formed by the etching process are so sharp that they cleanly cut off the hair that has entered the slots of the two blades.
• the wall part or parts which only contribute to stiffening and / or supporting and / or guiding the blade or as a force introduction element of forces into the knife, which serve, for example, to generate oscillating movements, can be made less solid and can also punched, bent or shaped in any other way due to their significantly lower hardness. After completion of the wall parts, they are finally welded to the high-strength blade part. In the sense of the invention, it is quite conceivable that in addition to fusion welding, other connection methods that can be achieved with heat, such as Welding with solder, can be used. The application of the invention is applicable to both elongated and round knives.
• the wall part or parts are welded to the comb strip of the blade, the free ends of the teeth are open to the outside and are not possibly hindered by the wall parts.
• the hair can freely enter the slits of the teeth from the outside without coming into contact with the wall parts.
• This type of connection of the wall parts to the blade is particularly suitable for the lower knife on middle cutters, in which the upper knife encloses the lower knife from the outside in a U-shape, and for upper knives in long hair cutters, in which there is only one side wall part which is present at the same time forms the extension of the comb part on the upper knife.
• the welding between the blade and the wall part takes place on the teeth.
• a plurality of teeth are arranged on both sides of the comb strip of the blade, both rows of teeth of the blade being welded to a wall part each.
• the width and thickness of webs adapted to the teeth are formed on the wall part.
• the webs are welded to the free ends of the teeth.
• a preferred embodiment of the invention is characterized in that individual teeth are shortened in length in relation to the adjacent teeth and in that the webs are welded to the free ends of the shortened teeth.
• the free ends of the not shortened teeth protrude from the respectively welded-on wall parts, so that a threading comb protruding from the wall part is formed.
• the teeth of the blade thus perform a double function, namely a cutting function and a threading function, the free ends of the teeth protruding from the wall part engaging under the skin, straightening up and threading into the slots between the teeth for cutting. This significantly improves the cutting result.
• the features of claim 1 1 results in a positive, particularly sharp cutting angle.
• the surfaces (top and bottom) in the area of the teeth are covered by means of a laminate, a negative film or an adhesive tape correspondingly broad and / or less wide (sliding side).
• Particularly sharp cutting edges result when they enclose a positive angle, ie when the angle formed by the sliding surface and the side wall of the slots is less than 90 °.
• a cutting angle of approximately 60 ° has proven particularly good for cutting hair (claim 1 2).
• the Cutting edges are formed by etching, there is the possibility of letting the edges run obliquely to the sliding plane, in such a way that they enclose an angle of approximately 60 ° with the sliding plane. Accordingly, the etching process produces surfaces which are inclined to the sliding plane in a particularly simple manner, the edges of which opening into the sliding surface form very sharp cutting edges of the knife without further processing due to the positive cutting angle.
• the welding process is preferably a fusion welding process, in which heating of both welding points only liquefies them to such an extent that the only melted metal areas flow into one another and, after immediate cooling, result in an almost homogeneous and very firm connection.
• Spot laser welding is particularly advantageous here, since the contact points between the wall parts and the blade need not be pressure-resistant or watertight.
• the punctiform welding points are only intended to establish a certain firm, user-specific connection to the blade so that it always remains securely connected to the wall parts.
• the blade is reinforced by the wall part in particular in its flexural rigidity and can be easily attached to the shaving head.
• the fine-grained microstructure of the steel sheet is achieved on the one hand by the composition of the steel and on the other hand by the hardening process.
• the blade material preferably consists of 1,4034 according to DIN (German Industry Standard) 17224.
• the material 1.4310 according to DIN 17224 is used in accordance with the features of patent claim 1 5.
• This steel is easily meltable and flowable and produces a very intimate and firm connection even at the smallest laser welding points, without the formation of inclusions (pores, impurities) that reduce strength.
• the features of patent claim 1 6 avoid complex mechanical polishing processes by means of polishing discs. Electrolytic polishing is generally known and is therefore not described in more detail here. In electropolishing, roughness depths of less than or equal to 1 micron, preferably 0.5 micron, can be achieved and any surface roughness resulting from the etching process can be largely eliminated.
• the ends of the teeth outside the cutting area are rounded by the action of temperature or by electropolishing. Due to the short melting of the free ends of the longer teeth, they form rounded, approximately sweat-like elevations when they become liquid due to the surface tension that occurs. The cutting edges in this area are removed.
• the features of claim 18 specify a method with which the knife characterized in claim 1 can be manufactured with optimal properties in a simple manner.
• Forming the contour of the blade from an already hardened steel sheet with an already existing, very flat surface condition by etching and then equipping the contour-etched blade with wall parts angled from the blade by means of fusion welding processes without further processing shows in a simple manner a knife can be manufactured with high precision.
• the surface - with the exception of the covered sliding surface - of the blade is electropolished.
• electropolishing in connection with the covered sliding surface.
• the side surfaces of the slots produced by the etching process are brought to a roughness depth of less than 2 mm, and on the other hand, the corners which are formed by the side walls of the slots to the surface of the blade opposite the sliding surface are slightly rounded.
• Another, still very important advantage of electropolishing is the fact that the sliding layer is covered with an adhesive tape or other cover by further sharpening the cutting edges, since there is still a small amount of material removed on the side edges up to the adhesive tape, but this is done on the sliding surface according to the invention is no longer continued. In this way, cutting edges with the highest sharpness are easily achieved.
• the roughness depth Ra of less than 5 micrometers, preferably about 0.5 micrometers, already available in the delivery state of the sheet metal strip on the sliding surface - that is to say the non-electropolished surface - is very good enough for the cutting operation.
• a particularly simple connection of the blade and wall parts results from the features of claim 23.
• Laser beam welding can be used in the smallest space without the use of solder, if almost the same Materials are to be welded together. The heat that occurs is extremely low due to the small surface welding.
• the sharp cutting edges outside the cutting area are rounded, in that the ends on the outer surface assume the shape of an approximately half or even entire welding bead and are therefore rounded .
• Such a rounding or deburring of the cutting edges outside the cutting area can be produced in a particularly simple manner by means of a laser beam. Rounding can also be done by electrolytic polishing as described later.
• a method is specified with which edges can be rounded.
• patent claim 27 result in a knife for cutting hair, the cutting edges of which are additionally sharpened by electropolishing according to the etching process, the sliding surface being covered during manufacture, that is to say before the electropolishing process, by means of a covering means, for example an adhesive tape has been.
• a covering means for example an adhesive tape has been.
• FIG. 1 exploded view of an upper knife that can be assembled from three parts
• FIG. 2 composed part of the upper knife according to FIG. 1 in a perspective view
• FIG. 3 exploded drawing of a lower knife
• FIG. 4 Exploded drawing of the cutting device forming a structural unit consisting of upper and lower knives with foot parts
• FIG. 5 representation of the blade according to FIG. 1 after it has been etched out of the hardened sheet, so it is still coated with the laminate
• FIG. 6 section through individual teeth of the blade according to the cut A-A according to FIG. 5, but on an enlarged scale compared to FIGN. 1, 2, 4 and 5, and
• FIG. 7 enlarged representation of a cutting edge according to the detail Y according to FIG. 6, but after the polishing process, i.e. it is still covered with the adhesive tape or a covering medium on the sliding surface.
• FIG. 1 are the individual parts of an upper knife 1, as is the case with the finished part according to FIG. 2 is shown.
• the upper knife 1 consists essentially of three parts, namely the actual blade 2 and the two wall parts 3, 4.
• the blade 2 consists of an approximately 0.4 mm thick steel sheet 5, on one of which is transverse to the longitudinal direction of the steel sheet 5 on both sides Comb strip 6 extending parallel to each other teeth 7, of which each fifth tooth 8 is shortened, but only three longer teeth 7 are connected to the edge of the steel sheet 5 after each shortened tooth 8.
• Other arrangements of the teeth 7, 8 in the order are also conceivable.
• slots 9 are formed, which are all of the same width in this embodiment, but which can also be narrower or wider depending on the tooth formation towards the comb strip 6 (FIG. 3).
• the comb bar 6 is still on both sides with one rectangular sheet metal strip section 10 connected, which serve as support on the bearing surfaces 11 of the wall parts 3, 4 and which do not protrude beyond the free ends 22 of the shortened teeth 8.
• the wall parts 3, 4 are according to FIGN. 1, 2 and 4 are formed from non-hardened sheet metal strips, on the end faces of which face 1, 2, 1, 3 are formed, which are arranged at the same distance as the shortened teeth 8 on the wall parts 3, 4.
• the end faces 14 of the webs 1 3 end at the same height as the support surfaces 1 1, so that the blade 2 can lie flat on the wall parts 3, 4, as the FIGN. 2 and 4 show.
• This forms, as shown in FIG. 4 shows an elongated slot opening 39 between each of two webs 13, so that hair can also emerge from it during the shaving process.
• Holding lugs 15, 16 with recesses 18, 19 that are open at the bottom are formed on the wall parts 3, 4 on both sides.
• the retaining lugs 1 5, 16 are in the same plane as the wall parts 3, 4.
• the sliding surface 17 forming the underside of the teeth 7, 8 and the sheet metal strip sections 10, that is to say the blade 2 bears against the end face 14 of the webs 13 and against the contact surfaces 11 in such a way that the outwardly directed outer walls 20, 21 of the wall parts 3, 4 are each flush with the free ends 22 of the shortened teeth 8 and flush with the edge surfaces 23 of the sheet metal strip sections 10.
• the teeth 7 protrude slightly from the edge surfaces 23 and the outer walls 20, 21. Due to the excess length of the teeth 7 compared to the teeth 8, a better threading of hair, in particular of hair close to the skin or also intermingled, is achieved in the tooth gaps or slots 9.
• FIG. 5 to 7 is again the blade 2 according to FIG. 1 as an individual part, as they are contour-etched in a multiplicity from a single, already hardened sheet-metal strip 25.
• the blades 2 In their longitudinal direction, the blades 2 have an axis of symmetry 26 which lies in the center of the comb strip 6 and the teeth 7, 8.
• neighboring axes of symmetry 26 in FIG. 5 shows how the individual blades 2 are arranged on a sheet metal strip 25 if they have been etched out. From FIG. 5, it can also be seen which area of the blade 2 essentially serves as the cutting area 30.
• the cutting area 30 is indicated by a dashed rectangular window.
• the section of the teeth 7, 8 lying outside the cutting area 30 - ie their free ends 22 - are rounded so that they do not injure an operator's skin during the shaving process.
• FIG. 6 clearly shows, sharp cutting edges 31 are formed on the upper knife 1 at the transition from the sliding surface 17 to the side surfaces 40, which form a positive angle a, which, when the cutting edge 31 at the intersection S has a tangent 77 to the side surface 40 creates, with the sliding surface 1 7 results.
• the teeth 7 and 8 on the sliding surface 17 are wider (dimension b) than on the outer side surface 37 opposite the sliding surface 17 (dimension c).
• the cross sections of the teeth 7 and 8 thus form according to FIG. 6 essentially a trapezoid. Because the dimension c of the outer side surface 37 is smaller than the dimension b of the sliding surface 17, a positive cutting angle a can be formed in the first place. The greater the difference between dimensions c and b, the smaller and therefore more positive the cutting angle a.
• FIG. 6 in the etching process, laminates, negative films or foils 41, 42 are applied to the sheet metal strip 25, which correspond to the contour of how the blade 2 should subsequently look. For this reason, the enlarged section in FIG. 6 the state of the blade 2, which resulted directly after the etching process. Subsequently, the laminates or foils or films 41, 42 are removed again from the sliding surfaces 17, 37, only the sliding surface 17 then being covered with an adhesive tape 78 for the electropolishing process. The adhesive tape 78 also covers the slots 9 (FIG. 7).
• FIG. 7 therefore again shows an enlarged representation of a corner of a tooth 7 in the region of the cutting edge 31 with the cover in the form of an adhesive tape 78 covering the sliding surface 17 and the slots 9.
• the curvature of the side surface 40 towards the cutting edge 31 progressively increases to what a particularly sharp cutting angle a is formed.
• the cutting device 28 consists of the already described upper knife 1 and a lower knife 29, the lower knife 29, if it forms a composite finished part (not shown) with the upper knife 1, in the essentially U- formed by the upper knife 1 shaped receiving space 72 penetrates such that the sliding surface 38 formed by the lower knife 29 abuts the sliding surface 17 of the upper knife 1 in a sliding and play-free manner.
• the lower knife 29 also consists of a blade 35, with teeth 34 with slots 32 extending transversely from the comb strip 36, whereby - in contrast to the teeth 7, 8 of the upper knife 1, where these run essentially parallel to one another - now the teeth 34 taper towards their free end 43, while the slots 32 expand accordingly.
• a pulling, transverse cutting movement in the longitudinal direction of the teeth 7, 8, 34 is achieved during the cutting process, which additionally leads to better cutting results.
• the cutting edge 33 forms the end of the sliding surface 38 which is directed upwards on the lower knife 29 and which, in operation, lies against the sliding surface 17 of the blade 2.
• the blade 35 of the lower knife 29 is, of course, produced in the same process as that shown in FIG. 6 is shown, so that here, too, positive cutting angles a arise between side surface 44 and sliding surface 38.
• a downwardly open, U-shaped arched wall part 46 serving as a carrier plate is formed, which is slightly shorter than the blade 35 and which has windows 50 on its two longitudinal sides 47, 48 that run along its axis of symmetry 49 and are rectangular in cross section .
• receiving bores 52, 53 which are arranged symmetrically to the central transverse axis 51 and are open towards the bottom, are formed in the form of longitudinal slots, which are used to fasten an actuating member 54 which is made of plastic.
• the actuator 54 is shown in FIG.
• FIG. 3 essentially consists of a bridge 57, on which legs 55, 56 extending downward on both sides of the transverse axis 51 are formed, which enclose a receiving space 58, which acts as an engagement for a rocker arm pin driven by an electric drive of a razor or beard trimmer (not shown).
• two bores 59 extending perpendicularly and symmetrically to the transverse axis 51 are formed, into which pins 60 are pressed during assembly, which at the same time penetrate the receiving bores 52, 53 and thus hold the wall part 46 in a rotationally fixed manner, while in the direction of the transverse axis 51 the wall part 46 is movable in the receiving bores 52, 53 when the cutting device 28 is assembled (not shown).
• a centrally arranged pin 61 extends from the bridge 57 and, in the assembled state of the cutting device 28 (not shown), penetrates a bore 64 formed in a spring element 62.
• the spring element 62 is centered on the actuating member 54 and thus opposite the wall part 46 connected to the blade 35.
• FIG. 4 On the spring element 62, which is shorter than the wall part 46, are shown in FIG. 4 formed on both end sides downwardly curved support surfaces 63, each of which is supported on a support edge 65 of a bearing block 66, 67.
• the bearing blocks 66, 67 in turn each have two bores 69, 70 arranged next to one another, into which pins 68 are inserted, which engage in the assembled state in openings 71 formed on the wall parts 3, 4 of the upper knife 1, so that the upper knife 1 is firmly attached to connect the bearing blocks 66, 67 and at the same time to hold the lower knife 29 in the receiving space 72 by the spring element 62 being resiliently supported on the bearing blocks 66, 67 and thus the wall part 46 with the sliding surface 38 on the blade 35 always sliding against the sliding surface 17 of the blade 2 is pressed.
• the cutting device 28 After assembly, the cutting device 28 forms an inherently compact structural unit, which consists of the components shown in FIG. 4 parts shown.
• the pins 73 formed on the bearing blocks 66, 67 are used with spring pawls 74 directed outwards, which are not shown in FIG Intervene arrangements shown on the shaving head.
• the blade 35 is already welded to the wall part 46 here.
• the welding takes place in the area of the comb strip 36 of the blade 35 and the highest section - namely the central strip 75 - of the wall part 46 (FIG. 3).
• laser beam welding which is carried out from below via the central bar 75, is particularly advantageous.
• the manufacture of the knife according to the invention is as follows:
• the sliding surface 38 is on its upper side, so that here, according to FIG. 6, the dimension b and on the bottom the dimension c occurs.
• the films or foils 41, 42 consist of elongated strips with many contours of blades arranged one behind the other, so that many blades 2 and 35 can be produced in one etching process.
• a hardened steel When selecting the sheet metal strip 25, a hardened steel must be selected which has a fine-grained structure.
• the foil or film 41, 42 is removed from the sliding surface 17 and the side surface 37.
• An adhesive tape 78 is now glued onto the sliding surface 17 and also covers the slots 9 from one side (FIG. 7).
• the blade 2 is electropolished - but only on the side surface 37 and the side surfaces 40, since there is no metallic contact with the sliding surface 17 due to the covered adhesive tape 78.
• the electropolishing smoothes the side surfaces 37, 40 to a roughness Ra less than 2 micrometers, preferably approximately 0.5 micrometers, ie very little metal is removed, as a result of which the cutting edge 31 is further sharpened.
• the adhesive tape 78 is then pulled off the sliding surface 17, and the contour-etched blades 2 and 35 are separated from the sheet metal strip 25 by means of connecting links (not shown).
• the blades 2 and 35 are then welded to wall parts 3, 4 and 46, respectively.
• With the blade 2 according to FIG. 1 are the wall parts 3, 4 in the in the FIG. 2 and 4 and already described above brought position by means not shown and spot welded to the blade 2 by means of a laser beam, as is shown by the welding spots 24 in FIG. 2 is displayed.
• all the webs 13 with the shortened teeth 8 and the contact surfaces 11 with the sheet-metal strip sections 10 are advantageously welded to one another from the outside.
• the spring element 62 and the carrier plate designed as a wall part 46 with the blade 35 fastened thereon are placed on the actuating element 54 preassembled with the pins 60.
• the pre-inserted lower knife 29 is inserted into the receiving space 72, the wall parts 3, 4 also guiding the lower knife 29 laterally via the long sides 47.
• the lower knife 29 is pushed into the receiving space 72 until the sliding surface 38 of the blade 35 bears against the sliding surface 17 of the upper knife 1.
• the bearing blocks 66, 67 are brought up from below to the preassembled upper and lower knives 1, 29 until the support surfaces 63 rest resiliently on the support edges 65.
• the bearing blocks 66, 67 are pushed so far against the pressure of the spring towards the upper knife 1 until the pins 68 engage concentrically with the openings 71 formed in the wall parts 3, 4, whereby, however, the pins 68 below the wall part 46 run.
• the metallic pins 68 are welded or caulked to the wall parts 3, 4, so that the arrangement according to FIG. 4 forms a fixed unit as a center cutter.
• the supporting edges 65 are dimensioned relative to the sliding surface 17 such that the spring element 62 acts on the lower knife 29 a sufficiently large, but not too high contact pressure is exerted so that its sliding surface 38 is always free of play against the sliding surface 17 in order to achieve good cutting results.

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• Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
• Life Sciences & Earth Sciences (AREA)
• Forests & Forestry (AREA)
• Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
• Manufacturing & Machinery (AREA)
• Dry Shavers And Clippers (AREA)
• Knives (AREA)

Applications Claiming Priority (3)

Publications (2)

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• 1994
  • 1994-04-18 DE DE4413352A patent/DE4413352C1/de not_active Expired - Fee Related
  • 1994-12-28 AT AT95904538T patent/ATE170441T1/de not_active IP Right Cessation
  • 1994-12-28 CN CN94195089A patent/CN1054330C/zh not_active Expired - Fee Related
  • 1994-12-28 EP EP95904538A patent/EP0756532B1/fr not_active Expired - Lifetime
  • 1994-12-28 WO PCT/EP1994/004330 patent/WO1995028258A1/fr active IP Right Grant
  • 1994-12-28 JP JP52664495A patent/JP3839046B2/ja not_active Expired - Fee Related
  • 1994-12-28 US US08/693,042 patent/US5802932A/en not_active Expired - Fee Related
  • 1994-12-28 DE DE59406856T patent/DE59406856D1/de not_active Expired - Fee Related
  • 1994-12-28 KR KR1019960704770A patent/KR100341672B1/ko not_active IP Right Cessation
• 1998
  • 1998-12-28 HK HK98116144A patent/HK1014683A1/xx not_active IP Right Cessation

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