EP0745741A2 - Masonry lintel with reinforcement - Google Patents

Abstract

The masonry in the form of a facing lintel with runner layers and with a runner or roll layer underneath and with reinforcement (10 to 12) embedded in the joints (17) in the masonry mortar is designed in such a way that to produce a bond between pressure and tension zones of the composite lintel, in which the pressure-bearing stones of the runner layer (15) above the reinforcement (100) form an anchoring system which stops the stones of the rolling layer (16) attached below the reinforcement (100), the reinforcement (100) consists both of parallel longitudinal bars (10, 11) and of perpendicularly arranged plate-shaped bodies (13) extending into the runner layer and into the roll layer, the plates (13) leading into the runner layer (15) of the facing lintel extend into the adjacent mortar or cement / mortar joint (18) lying parallel to the longitudinal joint (17). <IMAGE>

Description

The invention relates to masonry as a lintel with runner layers and with an underlying runner or roll layer as well as with masonry reinforcement embedded in the horizontal joints in the masonry mortar Form an anchoring system above the masonry reinforcement, which brings the stones of the rolling layer attached below the masonry reinforcement to a stop, the reinforcement consisting of a supporting element made of longitudinal bars running parallel to one another or in a bed embedded in the horizontally running mortar or cement / mortar bed of the longitudinal joint above the rolling layer Metal tape for molded elements embedded in the mortar or cement / mortar bed of the vertical joints between the stones of the roll layer or runner layer.

Masonry reinforcements are used for large-area walls, over window and door openings (as lintel reinforcement), for non-load-bearing partitions on sagging ceilings, in gable masonry and in mixed masonry. In general, it serves to compensate for the setting behavior of masonry wedges. Shrinkage and swelling processes can create tensile or compressive stresses that exceed the elasticity of the masonry. Insofar as this cannot or should not be remedied by expansion joints, steel grids are embedded in bed joints (horizontal longitudinal joints) in the mortar bed, which usually consist of parallel longitudinal bars with other steel elements connecting them.

In the case of facing lintel reinforcement, there is a so-called runner layer, these are bricks in which the long side runs parallel to the wall alignment in the bricked-up state, a rolling layer in front of which the bricks are on the narrow side. In such masonry consisting of roll layer and runner layer, tensile and compressive forces occur, in which the bricks are moved apart at their lower edges, the upper brick edges being pressed towards one another and the lower edges being pushed apart in the underlying roll layer. This results in a force that is conducted into the load-bearing layer, which is to be absorbed via tensile reinforcement.

From US-A-2,361,828 a masonry with an embedded reinforcement is known, the pressure-bearing stones of the runner layer above the reinforcement forming an anchoring system for producing a bond between the pressure and / or tension zones of the facing lintel, which form the anchoring system attached below the reinforcement Brings stones of a runner layer to stop. The reinforcement consists of a metal band embedded in the horizontal mortar bed of the longitudinal joint above the runner layer or of at least one longitudinal bar and of brackets placed on the metal band or the longitudinal bar, with their free ends in the mortar bed of the vertical joints of the runner layer below the reinforcement are led. If the reinforcement consists of a metal strip or two or three longitudinal bars, the web connecting the two legs of each bracket has a length that corresponds to the width of the metal tape or the total width of the longitudinal bars. For this reason, it is necessary to keep several bracket sizes in stock in order to match the widths of the metal strips used or to have brackets dimensioned appropriately for the width of two longitudinal bars, because lateral bending of the bracket legs in order to be able to adapt the brackets to different widths of the metal strip or the spacing of two longitudinal bars is not possible, since the width of the bracket webs means that the widths required for the metal strips are specified. In addition, the legs of the bracket extending into the mortar bed of the vertical joints of the runner layer do not guarantee a firm hold in the mortar bed, since the runner layer in the area of e.g. a window opening, which forms the lintel lintel, is subject to tensile forces and the hardened mortar bed itself does not provide any additional anchoring for forms the temple.

EP-A-0 340 840 describes a reinforcement system for a wall made of masonry with a horizontal reinforcement to be inserted into the mortar bed, wherein vertical reinforcement elements are provided, which are inserted into vertical recesses or openings in the masonry stones, the height or the length the vertical reinforcement corresponds approximately to the height of at least two stacked bricks. In addition, the vertical reinforcements are arranged on the horizontal reinforcement in at least one vertical direction and are firmly connected to it. With this reinforcement device, it should be easy to create a wall out of masonry, which makes it possible to erect horizontally and vertically reinforced masonry manually without practically deviating from the conventional masonry methods. This reinforcement device can only be used where masonry is to be made from perforated bricks. Since the vertical reinforcements in Form of closed brackets are firmly connected to the horizontal reinforcement, there is no possibility to adjust these wall joint distances to different dimensions by moving the vertical reinforcements.

The known reinforcement device cannot be used as masonry reinforcement with a static load-bearing effect in the lintel area for facing lintels and with wire brackets that can be connected or suspended with the reinforcement and are open at the top for the production of statically cantilever systems, such as facing lintels.

According to DE-A-28 36 781, a device for receiving a prefabricated beam for covering openings on a masonry consists of a lintel which has a stone-like load-bearing core with inserted reinforcing bars, but which are not embedded in a horizontally running mortar bed and which are not are in operative connection with brackets lying in vertical mortar beds.

It is an object of the present invention to improve a facing lintel and to create a composite system for a brick lintel between the pressure and tension zones of the lintel, which the pressure-bearing stones receive via the reinforcement an anchoring system that the attached under the reinforcement Brings stones to hold, so that a better distribution of the compressive and tensile forces is achieved while avoiding sagging of the masonry in the facing lintel. Furthermore, it is an object of the present invention to provide an economical, universally usable masonry interception system that works with the mortar the masonry can be connected and can be adapted to a wide variety of loads, while an improved bond is to be obtained at the same time.

This object is achieved by the masonry formed as a lintel with the features of claim 1.

Then, to create a bond between the compression and tension zones of the composite lintel, the pressure-bearing stones of the runner layer above the reinforcement form an anchoring system that stops the stones of the rolling layer underneath the reinforcement, the reinforcement consisting of parallel longitudinal bars as well as There is a plate-shaped body arranged perpendicularly to it, extending into the runner layer and / or into the roll layer, the plates guided into the runner layer of the facing lintel extending into the adjacent mortar or cement / mortar joint lying parallel to the longitudinal joint. The full-surface steel elements, such as reinforcement plates, are perpendicular to the joint plane or the plane in which the parallel longitudinal bars lie. The particular advantage of this reinforcement is that the tensile and compressive forces that occur are routed more evenly into the masonry. In particular, the facing lintels (or the grenadiers) are prevented from breaking out of the masonry. The load is connected across the first layer, with the upper stones under tension.

Further developments of the invention are listed in the subclaims.

For example, each plate end will preferably end on one of the longitudinal bars. According to a further embodiment of the invention, the slabs are essentially U-shaped, which means that they can be used in an excellent manner for vertical joints in runner layers as well as in roll layers and create the largest possible surface area between the steel reinforcement elements and the mortar.

If the plates can be releasably clamped to the longitudinal bars, there is the further advantage that the plates can be arranged at any distance from one another and at any desired location. In this way, an individual reinforcement can be created which is adapted to the actually occurring compressive and tensile forces or stresses.

Further advantages result if the plate ends are hook-shaped, preferably in such a way that the curvature of the hook-shaped end is matched to the longitudinal rod diameter. This ensures that the plates can be easily hung at predetermined locations. A further improvement with regard to the stabilization of the position of the plates relative to the longitudinal rods results if the plates are clamped onto the longitudinal rods under a prestress and / or the hook-shaped ends of the plates can be clamped onto the longitudinal rods by a snap lock. The clamping of the plate ends in the longitudinal rods is further supported in that the engagement elements on the plates are resiliently elastic. The plates are also fastened by bending the engagement elements around the longitudinal bars or on a metal band.

A different length of the plates creates the possibility that, for example, plates of different lengths are used upwards and downwards. A plate reaching into the runner layer may also have a longer dimension, the plate section protruding from the runner layer then simply being bent over. The base piece of the U-shaped plate is preferably shorter than the distance between the parallel longitudinal bars.

At least part of the plate preferably extends into the adjacent mortar or cement / mortar joint lying parallel to the longitudinal joint. This means a length of the slab that corresponds to the height of a stone plus the joint width.

For better anchoring, the longitudinal bars consist of ribbed steel bars, which, according to a further embodiment of the invention, are connected to one another by transverse bars. The cross bars can preferably be arranged at an equististant distance from one another.

It is often necessary to provide a special seal, especially in the case of facing falls. According to a further embodiment of the invention, lintel waterproofing membranes are provided, which are integrated at one end in the mortar or cement / mortar bed and which consist of a film, the end section of which extends in the longitudinal direction of the film web is provided with a connection profile in order to ensure secure anchoring in the mortar bed of the joint between to reach two runners. This connection profile is used to hold plastic films as lintel waterproofing membranes that drain the water behind the facade, for example above the windows. By means of this connection profile, the film is integrated in the grout in order to achieve a better bond with the mortar. The structure of the facing lintel is therefore not cut by the film. According to one embodiment of the invention, the other free end of the plastic film, which is preferably embedded in a loop, is connected to the lintel lintel elements mechanically or by gluing.

If necessary, the plates can also be made of flat steel or at least partially plastic-coated, for example to avoid corrosive attacks.

Ribbed steel bars are preferably used for the longitudinal and / or transverse bars. Alternatively, the longitudinal and / or transverse bars can be made of flat steel. Regardless of the shape of the parts mentioned, they can be at least partially plastic-coated in order to achieve corrosion protection.

• Fig. 1 eine perspektivische teilgeschnittene Ansicht eines verblendsturzartig ausgebildeten Mauerwerks mit Bewehrung,
• Fig. 2 eine perspektivische Ansicht der Mauerwerkbewehrung,
• Fig. 3 einen Querschnitt durch einen Verbundsturz mit eingelassener Bewehrung und mit eingebauter Sturzdichtungsbahn aus einer Folie mit einem in die Mörtelfuge eingreifenden Endabschnitt mit einer Verbundprofilierung,
• Fig. 4 einen Querschnitt durch einen Verbundsturz mit eingebauter Sturzdichtungsbahn aus einer Folie mit einer aus einem Rundstab bestehenden Verbundprofilierung,
• Fig. 5 in einer Draufsicht den Endabschnitt der folienartigen Sturzdichtungsbahn mit einem schlaufenförmigen ndabschnitt mit einem eingeschobenen Rundstab als Verbundprofilierung,
• Fig. 6 in einer Draufsicht den Endabschnitt der folienartigen Sturzdichtungsbahn mit aufgelegtem und mit der Folie verbundenem Rundstab als Verbundprofilierung,
• Fig. 7 in einer Draufsicht den Endabschnitt der folienartigen Sturzdichtungsbahn mit einer aus einer Lochung bestehenden Verbundprofilierung,
• Fig. 8 in einer Draufsicht den Endabschnitt der folienartigen Sturzdichtungsbahn mit einem auf die Folie aufgelegten und mit dieser verbundenen Gewebezuschnitt als Verbundprofilierung,
• Fig. 9 in einer Draufsicht den Endabschnitt der folienartigen Sturzdichtungsbahn mit einem mit der Folie verbundenen Gewebezuschnitt als Verbundprofilierung,
• Fig.10,11 Ausführungsbeispiele für die Kupplung zweier Mauerwerkbewehrungen,
• Fig.12 eine Mauerwerkbewehrung mit einem eingesetzten Winkelanker in einer perspektivischen Ansicht,
• Fig.13 eine Schnittansicht einer in einem Mauerwerk eingebauten Bewehrung nach Fig.12,
• Fig.14 eine Schnittansicht zweier Bewehrungen, die zwischen zwei Läuferschichten bzw. einer Läuferschicht und einer Grenadierschicht eingebaut sind,
• Fig.15 in einer schaubildlichen Ansicht einen vollflächigen, plattenförmigen Körper mit abgewinkeltem Endbereich,
• Fig.16 in einer schaubildlichen Ansicht einen plattenförmigen Körper mit einem sägezahnartigen Profil an seinen Außenlängskanten und
• Fig.17 in einer Vorderansicht einen U-förmigen plattenförmigen Körper mit abbiegbaren Schenkelenden.

Embodiments of the invention are shown in the drawings. Show it

• 1 is a perspective partially sectioned view of a brick wall with reinforcement,
• 2 is a perspective view of the masonry reinforcement,
• 3 shows a cross section through a composite lintel with embedded reinforcement and with a built-in lintel sealing membrane made of a film with an end section engaging in the mortar joint with a composite profiling,
• 4 shows a cross section through a composite lintel with a built-in lintel sealing membrane made of a film with a composite profile consisting of a round bar,
• 5 shows a top view of the end section of the film-like lintel sealing membrane with a loop-shaped end section with an inserted round rod as composite profiling,
• 6 shows a top view of the end section of the film-like lintel sealing membrane with a round bar placed thereon and connected to the film as composite profiling,
• 7 is a plan view of the end section of the film-like lintel membrane with a composite profile consisting of a perforation,
• 8 is a top view of the end section of the film-like lintel sealing membrane with a fabric cut placed on the film and connected to it as a composite profile,
• 9 shows a top view of the end section of the film-like lintel sealing membrane with a fabric cut connected to the film as composite profiling,
• 10, 11 exemplary embodiments for the coupling of two masonry reinforcements,
• 12 shows a masonry reinforcement with an angled anchor inserted in a perspective view,
• 13 shows a sectional view of a reinforcement according to FIG. 12 installed in a masonry,
• 14 shows a sectional view of two reinforcements which are installed between two runner layers or a runner layer and a grenadier layer,
• 15 shows a diagrammatic view of a full-surface, plate-shaped body with an angled end region,
• Fig.16 in a perspective view of a plate-shaped body with a sawtooth-like profile on its outer longitudinal edges and
• Fig.17 in a front view of a U-shaped plate-shaped body with bendable leg ends.

As can be seen from FIG. 2, the masonry reinforcement 100 that can be built into a lintel 200 designed as a finished component consists of parallel longitudinal bars 10 and 11, which are connected by transverse bars 12 arranged equidistantly here at a distance a. The longitudinal bars 10 and 11 have a diameter d of, for example, 4 mm. This diameter corresponds to the diameter of the plate-shaped body 13 and the cross bars 12, so that one and the same starting material can be accessed. However, the diameters can also be selected to be of different sizes. The plates 13 are perpendicular to the plane determined by the longitudinal and transverse bars 10 to 12 and have different heights h, depending on whether they are used as an independent component for the grenadiers, ie for the roll layer, or for the runner layer of the lintel lintel should (Fig.1). The distance between the longitudinal bars b also determines the distance between the free ends of the substantially U-shaped profile, the plate ends 14 being hook-shaped so that they can be pushed over the longitudinal rods or can be snapped into place. If necessary, the plates can also be under tension. In the present case, the plate ends 14 each engage on the opposite inner sides of the longitudinal bars 10, 11. The reinforcement 100 consisting of the longitudinal bars 10, 11 and the plates 13 need not be designed in the form of a lattice. It is also possible to use two single bars that are bent and anchored in the support area of the facing lintel in the side masonry.

1 and 3 show typical facing lintels with runners 15 and grenadiers 16. The pair of longitudinal bars 10, 11 are embedded in a mortar layer 17 which lies between the grenadiers 16 and the runners 15 lying above them.

In the vertical joints between the grenadiers 16 at a distance c in the embodiment shown in FIG. 1, thus delimiting three grenadiers 16 in each case, lie the longer slabs 13 projecting downwards, while in the vertical joints between each runner slabs 13 protrude upwards, whereby other length measurements can also be carried out. The upwardly projecting plates 13 extend into the nearest mortar layer 18 between two runners, where they adjoin a lintel sealing membrane made of a film 20, which has one end section in the mortar of the joint 18 between two runner layers embedded and connected by means of a connection profile with the mortar of the joint 18 by anchoring. The inclusion of the film 20 in the Mortar bed of the joint takes place only with a short film end section, which preferably has a width that corresponds to a third or a quarter of the joint depth. The film 20 serves as a lintel sealing membrane and drains the water behind the facade above the windows. The free end of the film 21 is mechanically attached or glued to the ceiling. As can be seen in particular from FIG. 3, the length e of a grenadier 16 is greater than the height h of a plate 13, while the shorter plates which project upwards can also have a height which is greater than the height of the narrow side of a runner.

Due to the displaceability of the plates on the longitudinal bars 10, 11, there is no binding to predetermined joints. The butt joints of the stones can be arranged as desired, since the brackets can be aligned with the position of the butt joints.

This connection profile for anchoring the film 20 can be designed in a variety of ways. The task of the connection profiling is to anchor the film 20 in the mortar of the joint 18, the film 20 only engaging with a short section in the mortar of the joint 18 in order not to impair the bond between the two runner layers.

According to Fig. 3, the connection profile consists of an angle profile 19, which is connected with one leg to the film 20, while the other leg engages in the mortar of the joint 18. The angle profile 19, which can also be provided with a perforation, consists of plastic or another corrosion-resistant material.

The end of the film 20 can be used as the connection profile a round rod 221 running in the longitudinal direction of the film, which is connected to the film 20 in the film end section 20a (FIG. 4). The round bar 221, which can also have a different cross-sectional profile, is pushed through a loop 20b formed on the film end section 20a, which is obtained by the double-layered nature of the film end section 20a, whereby for easier insertion of the round bar 221 into the loop 20b or into the space between the two the area of the double-layered film web sections lying above one another can be provided with recesses 20c arranged at intervals from one another (FIG. 5). According to a further embodiment according to FIG. 6, the round rod 221 is placed on the film end section 20a and glued or welded to the film, the round rod being made of plastic or a suitable corrosion-resistant material.

7, the end section 20a of the film 20 is provided with a perforation 222. The foil itself consists of plastic or another suitable foil-like material, it also being possible to use metal foil. Sandwich films made of a plastic film and a metal film can also be used.

In order to achieve a better hold of the film in the mortar of the joint 18, a blank 223 made of a fabric or a nonwoven can be placed on the film end section 20a according to FIG. 8, this blank 223 being glued or welded to the film 20. According to FIG. 9, it is also possible to connect a cut 223a made of a woven or nonwoven fabric to the end section 20a of the film 20 and to connect it to the film 20, this blank 223a is then anchored in the mortar of the joint 18 when the lintel membrane is attached. Wide-mesh fabrics and coarsely structured nonwovens are advantageously used in order to achieve a good bond with the mortar of the joint 18.

According to FIG. 12, the masonry reinforcement 100 consists of two longitudinal bars 110, 111 and transverse bars 112 which are arranged parallel to one another and which connect the longitudinal bars to one another by an equidistant distance a (FIG. 12). Longitudinal bars 110, 111 and transverse bars 112 have the same diameter b, these transverse bars 112 also having a spacer function in order to hold the longitudinal bars 110, 111 of the reinforcement 100 in the middle of the mortar bed. An end bearing plate 113 (FIGS. 10 and 11) is arranged on the end of the masonry reinforcement 100 (FIGS. 10 and 11), which is welded on and has a length which corresponds approximately to the distance between the longitudinal bars 110 and 111. The protrusion is so large that the weld seam 114 offers sufficient hold.

10 and 11 show different couplings of two masonry reinforcements. In both cases, the end sides of a reinforcement shown here on the right are designed in such a way that the longitudinal bar sections 110 'and 111' are bent to a smaller distance or have an offset (FIG. 11). The end plate 113 'can in each case be guided through the longitudinal rods 110 and 111 in the manner shown and aligned in parallel after rotation, so that the end bearing plates 113 and 113' abut one another.

12 shows (omitting the end bearing plate 113) an angle profile anchor 150, the installation of which is shown in FIG. 13 can be seen in more detail. This angle profile anchor 150 serves to shorten the embedment depth of the masonry reinforcement 100 in the masonry. The angle profile anchor 150 consists of a first vertical leg 151, which is provided with two vertical longitudinal slots 152 and 153, which serve to receive the two longitudinal bars 110 and 111 of the masonry reinforcement 100. The length of the longitudinal slots 152, 153 corresponds to the height of the leg 151. The leg 151 is adjoined by the horizontally lying web plate 154, which merges at a right angle into a second leg 155, which is directed downward and runs parallel to the said first leg 151. The two legs 151, 155 of the angle profile anchor 150 extend in opposite directions and, like the web plate 154, have the same lengths and preferably the same widths. The second leg 155 is provided with a bore 156 so that it can be additionally anchored in the masonry by means of a mechanical connection, such as a bolt 157, for example.

The angle profile anchor 150 is placed from below onto the longitudinal bars 110, 111 of the masonry reinforcement 100, so that the longitudinal bars 110, 111 slide in the longitudinal slots 152, 153 of the leg 151 of the angle profile anchor until the longitudinal bars 110, 111 rest on the web plate 154. The angular profile anchor 150 is then shifted on the longitudinal bars 110, 111 until it abuts a cross bar 112 of the masonry reinforcement 100 in the direction of the arrow X (FIG. 12). The upward leg 151 then engages in the joint 115 'between two runners 115 of a runner layer, while the downward leg 155 in the joint 116'a between two Stones 116a of the masonry that laterally delimits the grenadier layer. Both legs 151, 155 are mortared in the joints. An additional anchoring takes place in the masonry by means of a bolt 157, the bolt 157 being guided through the opening 156 in the leg 155 of the angle profile anchor 150 (FIG. 13). This is secured by the last suspended bricks, the angled leg 155 being supported on the crossbar 112 of the masonry reinforcement 100.

The vertical plate 151 of the angle profile anchor 150 is so large that high pressures can be absorbed. In the installed state, the support plate 154 of the angle profile anchor 150 rests on a cross bar 112 or the end support plate 113 of the reinforcement. The possible height adjustment of the end anchoring device allows the load to be shifted into the lintel lintel.

An excellent bond is achieved with the device according to the invention. When installing the anchor parts in the veneer masonry to be created, it is possible to check the mortar inserted between reinforcement 100 and the masonry. The necessary lateral embedment depth of the masonry reinforcement 100 in the masonry is significantly reduced if the abutment system according to the invention is used. The installation length of the masonry reinforcement 100 depends on the mortar and the load.

As can be seen from FIG. 14, the anchoring can also be in a staggered arrangement between two rotor layers 130 and 131 and between the rotor layer 130 and the layer of grenadiers 116. The respective reinforcement is labeled 100 or 100 '.

Overall, the device according to the invention is characterized in that it can be used as a modular system. It is highly economical, requires little steel, has a high degree of flexibility and great adaptability, in particular due to the removable part 150 and the connectivity of the individual masonry reinforcements.

The plate-shaped bodies 13 used are provided on both sides with engagement elements 13a, 13b for engaging in the longitudinal bars 10, 11 of the reinforcements, these engagement elements being designed to be resilient and elastic in order to achieve a corresponding clamping effect.

The plates 13 are provided with openings or outer wall profiles in order to prevent the mortar of the vertical joints from slipping out of the joint.

To prevent the mortar from slipping in a joint between two stones, according to a further embodiment according to FIG. 15, the full-surface, plate-shaped body 13 is provided with an angled section 13d at its end section 13c facing away from the engagement elements 13a, 13b. Furthermore, the plate-shaped body 13 according to FIG. 16 can be provided with a sawtooth-like profile 13f on its outer longitudinal edges 13e, 13e '. In the case of a U-shaped or V-shaped configuration of the plate-shaped body 13, the leg ends 13g, 13g 'can be of elongated design in order to be able to fasten the plate-shaped body 13 to the supporting elements of the reinforcement system by bending the leg ends 13g, 13g'.

Claims (27)

Masonry as a lintel with runner layers and with a runner or roll layer underneath and with a masonry reinforcement (100) embedded in the horizontal joints (17) in the masonry mortar, the bricks bearing the pressure bearing being used to create a bond between pressure and / or tension zones of the vault the runner layer (15) above the masonry reinforcement (100) form an anchoring system which stops the stones of the rolling layer (16) attached below the masonry reinforcement (100), the reinforcement (100) consisting of a horizontally running mortar or cement / Mortar bed of the longitudinal joint (17) above the roll layer (16) embedded support element made of parallel longitudinal bars (10, 11) or a metal band for the vertical joints between the stones of the roll layer (16) or in the mortar or cement / mortar bed Runner layer embedded molded elements, characterized in that on the longitudinal bars n (10, 11) of the reinforcement (100) arranged form elements consist of plate-shaped bodies (13) which extend into the rotor layer (15) and / or into the rolling layer (16) and into the adjacent one, parallel to the longitudinal joint (17 ) lying mortar or cement / mortar joint (18) are performed. Masonry according to claim 1, characterized in that each plate-shaped body (13) is provided on both sides with engagement elements (13a, 13b) for engagement in the longitudinal bars (10, 11) of the reinforcements. Masonry according to claim 2, characterized in that the engagement elements (13a, 13b) are resiliently elastic. Masonry according to one of claims 1 to 3, characterized in that each slab end (14) ends on one of the longitudinal bars (10, 11), that the slab-shaped bodies (13) are substantially U-shaped or V-shaped, the slab-shaped ones Body (13) are releasably attachable or clampable to the longitudinal bars (10, 11). Masonry according to one of claims 1 to 4, characterized in that each plate-shaped body (13) has openings or surface profiles. Masonry according to one of claims 1 to 5, characterized in that the plate ends (14) are hook-shaped, preferably in such a way that the curvature of the hook-shaped end (14) is matched to the longitudinal bar diameter (d) and is pretensioned on the longitudinal bars ( 10, 11) are clamped and / or the hook-shaped ends (14) on the longitudinal rods (10, 11) can be clamped by means of a snap lock. Masonry according to one of claims 1 to 6, characterized in that the plate-shaped bodies (13) are of different lengths and that the base piece of the U-shaped plate-shaped body (13) is shorter than the distance (b) of the parallel longitudinal bars (10, 11). Masonry according to one of claims 1 to 7, characterized characterized in that the longitudinal bars (10, 11) are connected to one another by transverse bars (12) which are preferably arranged at an equidistant distance (a) from one another. Masonry according to one of claims 1 to 8, characterized in that the facing lintel has a lintel sealing membrane made of a film (20), which with its end section (20a) running in the longitudinal direction of the lintel sealing membrane has a short area in the mortar bed of the joint (18) between two rotor layers is embedded and anchored with the mortar of the joint (18), the end section (20a) of the film (20) being provided with a connection profile for anchoring in the joint mortar. Masonry according to claim 9, characterized in that the connecting profile consists of an angle profile (19) which is connected to the film (20) with one leg and is embedded in the mortar bed of the joint (18) with its other leg, and expediently with is perforated in his thighs. Masonry according to claim 9, characterized in that the connection profiling a) from a round rod (221) running in the longitudinal direction of the film web, which is connected to the film (20) at the end section (20a) thereof, or b) from a perforation (222) in the end section (20a) of the film (20), or c) from one placed on the end section (20a) of the film (20) and connected to the film (20) Blank (223) consists of a fabric or a nonwoven, or d) consists of a blank (223a) connected to the film end section (20a) and made of a woven fabric or a nonwoven fabric. Masonry according to one of claims 1 to 11, characterized in that the other free end (21) of the preferably loop-shaped embedded plastic film (20) is mechanically connected to the facing lintel elements by gluing. Masonry according to one of claims 1 to 12, characterized in that the film (20), the angle profile (19) and the round profile (221) consist of a plastic or another suitable material. Masonry according to one of claims 1 to 13, characterized in that the end sides (110 ', 111'; 110 '', 111 '') of the masonry reinforcement (100) are designed such that they can be connected to a further masonry reinforcement (100) , preferably via a plug connection, sleeve or welded connection. Masonry according to claim 14, characterized in that on one of the end sides of the masonry reinforcement (100) the longitudinal bars (110 ', 111'; 110 '', 111 '') are bent in such a way that a complementary end face of a further masonry reinforcement ( 100) can be created there. Masonry according to one of claims 1 to 15, characterized in that the masonry reinforcement (100) is transverse to the longitudinal bars (10, 11; 110, 111) and optionally parallel to the crossbars (12; 112) and placed on the longitudinal bars (10,11; 110,111) angular profile anchors (150) with a first vertical, with at least one vertical longitudinal slot (152,153) for receiving the longitudinal bars (10,11; 110,111 ) of the masonry reinforcement (100) having legs (151), an angled and parallel to the longitudinal bars (10,11; 110,111) extending web plate (154) and a second angled and parallel to the first leg (151) extending leg (155) , the two legs (151, 155) extending in opposite directions, the angle profile anchor (150) from below onto the longitudinal bars (10, 11; 110, 111) of the masonry reinforcement (100) until the web plate (154) of the angle profile anchor (150 ) is pushed onto the undersides of the longitudinal bars (10, 11; 110, 111) and its first leg (151) is brought into contact with one of the cross bars (12; 112) of the masonry reinforcement (100). Masonry according to one of claims 1 to 16, characterized in that the two legs (151, 155) and the web plate (154) have the same lengths and / or the same or different widths. Masonry according to one of claims 1 to 17, characterized in that the longitudinal slots (152, 153) in the leg (151) protruding upward from the plane of the masonry reinforcement (100) have a length which corresponds to the width / height of the leg (151) . Masonry according to one of claims 1 to 18, characterized characterized in that in the leg (155) projecting downward from the plane of the masonry reinforcement (100) there is a securing bolt receiving bore (156). Masonry according to one of claims 1 to 19, characterized in that the angled profile anchors (150) serve to hold plastic films. Masonry according to one of claims 1 to 20, characterized in that the longitudinal bars (10, 11) of the reinforcement (100) consist of ribbed or smooth steel bars. Masonry according to one of claims 1 to 21, characterized in that the cross bars (12) of the reinforcement (100) consist of ribbed steel bars. Masonry according to one of claims 1 to 22, characterized in that the longitudinal bars (10, 11) of the reinforcement consist of flat steel. Masonry according to one of claims 1 to 23, characterized in that the cross bars (12) of the reinforcement consist of flat steel. Masonry according to one of claims 1 to 24, characterized in that the plate-shaped body (13) in its lower end region (13c) has sections (13d) angled on one or both sides. Masonry according to one of claims 1 to 25, characterized in that the plate-shaped body (13) has a tooth-like profile (13f) on its longitudinal outer edges (13e, 13e '). Masonry according to one of claims 1 to 26, characterized in that the plate-shaped body (13) is U-shaped or V-shaped with bendable leg ends (13g, 13g ').

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