EP1052339A2 - Masonry block for the erection of wall without grout joints and wall anchor therefor - Google Patents

Abstract

The building block has on the top side stud-like projections and on the underneath matching indentations. On the top and/or bottom side there is at least one groove (7) which runs from a side edge (6) to an indentation (8) and is designed to hold a building tie (22). Independent claim describes building tie for connecting building block which has an oblong tie section with at one end a section fixable on a third object. An abutment (27) which can be inserted into an indentation provided on the building block is mounted longitudinally movable and lockable on the oblong tie section.

Description

The invention relates to a block of walls for masonry-free walls, with knob-like projections on the top and provided on the underside depressions adapted to the shape of the top projections.

Such a wall block is known from DE 196 39 136. For bricking a mortar free Wall or the like, the wall blocks are only on top of each other set, the top-side knob-like projections of a lower Wall blocks in the recesses on the underside of the one to be arranged above Intervene in blocks. The protrusions and depressions are, for example conical. This creates when laying the wall blocks a solid structure, which is due to the teeth against displacement backs up. A plumb and horizontal masonry is easy to assemble, Right angles in the masonry are automatically created by the teeth. At Lower walls do not need an additional connection of the wall blocks. If higher walls are to be built, a liquid adhesive mortar can be applied to the Sprayed the top or bottom of a wall block or spread it with a brush with which two wall blocks can be glued together. Since the adhesive mortar is thin, there is no mortar joint, as is the case with ordinary ones Brick walls is known.

Sometimes it is necessary to attach a wall block to a third-party object, so that the entire masonry can be supported. For example be the case when using between two steel beams such wall blocks should be pulled up a wall, here it is then necessary to connect them to the steel beams. The same may also be necessary be, if with the wall blocks a facing, that is the actual one Masonry in front of visible wall should be erected, in this case to connect them to the wall behind. For this purpose Wall anchors used. These are usually known in the mortar bed Brick walls inlaid, and extend between the actual wall and the facing, or for example between the steel beam and the brick wall to be built in between. Since the wall blocks, of which the Invention is based, but allow mortar-free walling is embedding not possible in the mortar joint.

The invention is therefore based on the problem of specifying a wall block, on the one hand the erection of walls and other wall-like structures without mortar joints Permits buildings, but on the other hand in a simple way Securing the same by means of wall hooks.

To solve this problem, the one mentioned at the beginning of a wall block Art provided according to the invention that at least on the top and / or bottom a groove leading from a side edge to a recess for receiving a Wall anchor is provided.

In the groove open on the edge side, i.e. on the top or the bottom or but can also be provided on both, the can in a simple manner Wall anchors are inserted so that despite the mortar-free connection of the Wall blocks a wall anchor can be placed. The groove in which the wall anchor is inserted with an elongated anchor section, ends in a block side provided recess, in which a provided on the wall anchor Abutment engages so that the wall anchor is secured against being pulled out is. The at least one groove can be in the area of a longitudinal edge and / or a transverse edge. For example, if you want a block of brick with a lateral steel girders must be connected, the groove must be provided on the transverse edge be in the case of the connection of a facing shell with one behind it Masonry, the groove must be provided on the long edge.

Since, as described with such a block of wall, a facing shell in a simple manner can be built, which serves as a wall, it has proven to be useful proven if only on an upper and / or on an underside Longitudinal edge of a groove is provided, and on the other, as a visible outer wall surface serving wall block side chamfers are provided on the edge side. This Design makes it possible to erect exposed masonry with a shadow gap, an additional plastering and the like is due to the positive Connection of the wall blocks is not necessary. In addition, you can also use both opposite top and / or bottom side edges one Groove should be provided. The chamfer is not absolutely necessary and only for aesthetic reasons Reasons provided.

As described, it is possible that the groove or grooves are only on the top or are only provided on the underside of a wall block. Next to it but these can also be provided both on the top and on the bottom, whereby then the grooves of the top of one when stacking two blocks lower wall blocks and the grooves of the underside of an overlying one Complete the wall blocks to form an overall groove. Because the positioning of the wall blocks to each other by the location of the projections and depressions is, the grooves must be arranged accordingly, so that they are each other cover up. A positional accuracy must also be given for the reason be that when building a main wall and a facing, provided both are pulled up from the blocks of the invention, the grooves of the Main wall and that of the facing shell arranged in an extension to each other are so that the wall anchor can be inserted easily. Around Taking this into account, it has proven to be useful if in the area the longitudinal edges two grooves are provided, the groove centers of the two Grooves are spaced apart by the length a and each groove center to the respective Side edge is spaced by the length a / 2. Due to the arrangement of the Protrusions and depressions such that two blocks placed on top of each other always overlapping each other by a / 2, this ensures that the Grooves always lie on top of each other and always with two walls two grooves can be aligned.

According to the invention, the depression itself can penetrate the wall block Breakthrough that - because these breakthroughs that block the wall, in terms of the installation position, push through vertically, cover each other and pull the entire masonry from bottom to top - in addition to saving weight also the possibility of routing cables or lines brings with it.

It has proven to be useful if the length of the groove from the edge to between 20 mm and 40 mm. The width of the groove should be between 20 mm and 40 mm, in particular 30 mm. In the event that only a groove is provided on the top or the bottom, the The depth of the groove is between 10 mm and 20 mm, in particular 15 mm. in the another case, namely when congruent on the top and bottom Grooves are provided, it is sufficient to set the depth of the groove with 5 mm to 10 mm, to be dimensioned in particular with 7.5 mm. The depression in which the abutment of a wall anchor should expediently essentially one circular cross-section with a diameter between 40 mm and 60 mm, have in particular of 50 mm. It is useful if the or each recess arranged between two adjacent projections or depressions is. Furthermore, it is advantageous if in addition to the one or more with the grooves connected depressions, further depressions are provided, the projections or the depressions and the depressions in a symmetrical arrangement are arranged with respect to each other. On the one hand, this brings further weight savings with itself, on the other hand, there are more possibilities of cable or Routing.

In addition to the wall block itself, the invention also relates to a wall anchor for Connecting a wall block of the type described above to a third-party object, for example a side steel beam or an adjacent one, rear wall also to be stacked. This wall anchor draws through an elongated anchor section, which at one end has a section which can be defined on the third object, and on which a section into a recess provided on the wall block can be inserted longitudinally movable abutment arranged or attachable and lockable, from. The wall anchor according to the invention is provided with an elongated section in the on the wall block Groove introduced, the longitudinally movable abutment lies in the recess. With at its other end, the wall anchor is attached to the third object. At This third object can, for example, be a Act back wall. Depending on how this wall is constructed, the end can of the wall anchor. If it’s an ordinary brick wall, it is sufficient if there is a flat abutment at the end of the wall anchor is provided, which rests in the mortar bed. However, it is the rear wall to be pulled up from wall blocks according to the invention Wall, it is useful if there is one in the existing block there Provided recess, preferably peg-shaped abutment is. The end section of the elongated wall anchor section rests in this case also in the groove provided there. The first abutment is with particular advantage is longitudinally movable and can be positioned accordingly, its position can therefore correspond to the position of the recess or the distance be set to the rear wall or the side steel beam or the like. It can be locked in the appropriate mounting position. In this way a simple backup can be accomplished.

Furthermore, it has proven to be expedient if on the elongated anchor section a second abutment, on the third object or on this located further object can be placed, arranged or attached and can be locked. This preferably disk-shaped abutment serves for example, to bear against insulation provided on the main masonry and stores, for example, in the recess of the invention Abutments against the wall blocks raised main wall. Also this second abutment is particularly longitudinally movable, so that it can be positioned easily.

According to the invention are on the first and optionally on the second abutment an opening is provided in which the elongated anchor portion is led. To enable easy longitudinal mobility as well as lockability it has proven to be particularly advantageous if the elongated anchor section a sawtooth profile and in the area of the opening of the first and optionally the second abutment provided at least one locking profile is, which engages in the sawtooth profile, so that the abutment in a Slidable direction and locked against shifting in the other direction is. This configuration allows the wall anchor to be handled particularly easily to. The abutment or abutments are only on the elongated anchor section pushed on and pushed into position over the sawtooth profile. The Locking profile engages in the sawtooth profile and prevents it from being pushed back unintentionally. The distance between the teeth of the sawtooth profile can be chosen arbitrarily depending on how fine the adjustability is desired. It did proven to be useful if the sawtooth profile of the anchor section on two opposite side walls of one substantially rectangular Cross section having anchor section is formed, the respective Breakthrough of an abutment has a substantially rectangular cross section having. Alternatively, it is also possible to use an anchor section to form a substantially round cross section, the sawtooth profile in this case is circumferential, and the respective opening of an abutment has a substantially round cross section. As a locking profile on Abutment is sufficient if a single locking projection is provided is. For security reasons, however, it has proven to be useful if the locking profile of the abutment also as a corresponding if necessary Saw tooth profile is provided on two sides.

As described, due to the longitudinal mobility and the lockability a simple adjustment of the distance between the abutments of the wall anchor achieve. To with regard to the multitude of when building masonry Wall anchors to be set ensure that each wall anchor is the same Has length or each abutment is in the same position, it has as proven particularly useful if a length scaling on the elongated anchor section, for example, centimeter scaling is provided.

The first abutment - like the abutment at the other end - are expediently cone-shaped, so that they are sufficient intervene widely in the respective recess. The second abutment is as described disc-shaped, preferably a water drip edge there is provided, on which any condensed water that is between two Walls can sometimes form, drain, so that this is avoided penetrates into the possibly provided insulation or on the masonry runs down itself.

According to the invention, the wall anchor itself should be made of plastic. this makes possible in addition to a simple displacement of the abutment using the Sawtooth locking mechanism also simple cutting of the wall anchor, which is necessary if, for example, two to be connected Wall blocks are relatively close together, so that the elongated anchor section would protrude beyond the groove and the recess behind it.

Fig. 1

eine Aufsicht auf einen Mauerblock einer ersten Ausführungsform,

Fig. 2

eine Schnittansicht durch den Mauerblock gemäß Linie II - II in Fig. 1,

Fig. 3

einen Mauerblock einer zweiten Ausführungsform,

Fig. 4

eine Seitenansicht des Mauerblocks aus Fig. 3,

Fig. 5

einen erfindungsgemäßen Maueranker,

Fig. 6

die Teile des Mauerankers aus Fig. 5, teilweise in einer geschnittenen Seitenansicht und einer Aufsicht,

Fig. 7

eine Aufsicht auf zwei miteinander über erfindungsgemäße Maueranker verbundene Mauerwerksabschnitte,

Fig. 8

einen Schnitt durch die Mauerwerksabschnitte gemäß Linie VIII - VIII in Fig. 7,

Fig. 9

eine Aufsicht auf zwei ohne Luftspalt miteinander verbundene Mauerwerksabschnitte, und

Fig. 10

eine Aufsicht auf zwei verbundene Mauerwerksabschnitte im Bereich einer Ecke.

Further advantages, features and details of the invention result from the exemplary embodiment described below and from the drawings. Show:

Fig. 1

a top view of a block of a wall of a first embodiment,

Fig. 2

2 shows a sectional view through the wall block along line II-II in FIG. 1,

Fig. 3

a wall block of a second embodiment,

Fig. 4

3 shows a side view of the wall block from FIG. 3,

Fig. 5

a wall anchor according to the invention,

Fig. 6

5, partly in a sectional side view and a top view,

Fig. 7

a view of two masonry sections connected to one another via wall anchors according to the invention,

Fig. 8

7 shows a section through the masonry sections according to line VIII-VIII in FIG. 7,

Fig. 9

a top view of two masonry sections interconnected without an air gap, and

Fig. 10

a view of two connected masonry sections in the area of a corner.

Fig. 1 shows a wall block 1 according to the invention, on the top 2 nub-like raised, frustoconical projections 3 and on the underside 4 thereof depressions 5 adapted to the shape of the projections 3 are provided. In the area in the example shown, the side edge 6 is provided with a groove 7 on the upper side, which in a recess 8, which, see Fig. 2, formed as a vertical opening is, flows. As the supervision in Fig. 1 shows, in the example shown are overall eight projections 3 (and correspondingly eight depressions 5) are provided, a recess 8 being provided between each of two projections 3. It there is a symmetrical pattern. Although only two grooves 7 on the Longitudinal edge 6 are provided, it is possible to also corresponding to the side edges 9 Provide grooves that are then in the nearest recess 8 flow out. Of course, grooves can also be made on the opposite long side be provided. Furthermore, there are two further openings in the wall block 1 10 are provided, which essentially serve to reduce weight. In the Groove 7 and the recess 8 a wall anchor can be inserted, which for connecting of the respective wall block with another object.

3 and 4 show a wall block 11 of a second embodiment. Also this has projections 13 arranged on its upper side 12 and corresponding ones Indentations 14 on its underside 15. Also there are on the longitudinal edge 16 two grooves 17 provided in corresponding recesses 18, too here in the form of continuous openings, open and also to Serve inclusion of wall anchors. In addition, this wall block 11 its visible side 19 chamfer 20 on the edge, which is a brick masonry give a pleasing exterior with a shadow gap. Here too - as with the wall block 1 - an opening 21 in the middle of the block to form a predetermined breaking point is provided, along which the stone in a simple manner can be halved. Obviously, the wall block 11 is a "half stone" in comparison to the wall block 1. It should be noted that also the wall block 1, of course, with a corresponding circumferential edge Chamfer can be provided. Formation of masonry using the Wall blocks 1 and 11 will be described below.

First, a wall anchor 22 will be described with reference to FIGS. 5 and 6, which are inserted into the grooves 7, 17 of the wall blocks 1, 11 can. The wall anchor 22 consists of an elongated anchor section 23 one end 24 with which it can be fixed, for example, to a main wall is, an abutment 25 is provided in the form of a pin. The elongated Anchor section 23 is with a sawtooth profile over most of its length 26 provided, which on the top and bottom of the substantially rectangular profiled elongated anchor portion 23 is formed. On the sawtooth profile 26 or the elongated anchor section 23 can be an abutment 27, which is also conical, and which has an opening 28 has to be postponed. A corresponding one is in the opening 28 Sawtooth profile 29 formed, which in the sawtooth profile 26th intervenes. This configuration enables the abutment 27 in the direction of Arrow A to move along the anchor portion 23, but not in the opposite Direction. In this way, the abutment 27 can be positioned.

Furthermore, a further abutment 30 can be pushed onto the anchor section 23, which, see FIG. 6, is essentially disc-shaped. This too has an opening 31 with a corresponding sawtooth profile 32 on, which engages in the sawtooth profile 26 and a shift in the direction of arrow B, but not in the opposite direction. At the abutment 30 a water drip edge 33 is also provided, on which any Condensation can drip off. 5 and 6 can be seen, the Anchor section 23 provided with a length scale 34, here in the form of a Centimeter scale, the exact positioning, in particular of the abutment 27th enables so that this is the same for all wall anchors to be set Place is.

Fig. 7 shows in the form of a plan view, Fig. 8 in the form of a sectional view two below Use of masonry blocks 1 and 11 masonry 35, 36. The design the wall blocks 1, 11 enables mortar-free walls, the This means that the blocks are not connected to each other by a layer of mortar, but rather are simply placed on top of each other. The engagement of the projections in the recesses offers sufficient stability and connection security. Possibly can be glued with a liquid adhesive layer. To do that Masonry 36, which here forms a facing, with the outside 19 as Visible surface, with the masonry 35, which forms the main load-bearing masonry, to connect the wall anchors 22 are set. The elongated Anchor section inserted into the groove 17 of the wall block 11, the Abutment 27 engages in the recess 18. The abutment 27 was previously corresponding the distance L between the recesses 18 of the respective block of walls 11 and the recesses 8 of the respective wall block 1 positioned too long end of the anchor portion 23, which is made of plastic, was separated accordingly. With the other end, on which the abutment 25 is arranged the wall anchor 22 rests in the groove 7 of the respective wall block 1, the abutment 25 engages in the corresponding recess 8. Furthermore, that was Abutment 30 positioned so that there is insulation 37 on the masonry 35 is arranged, abuts and on the one hand also fastened, on the other hand the abutment 25 counters. If the next wall block layer is put on, so the wall anchors 22 are permanently attached.

Fig. 8 shows a sectional view through the resulting modification. The masonry 35 and 36 are thereby firmly connected.

Fig. 9 shows two interconnected masonry 38, 39, both masonry consist of blocks corresponding to the type of wall block 11, the blocks of masonry 38 have no shadow gap. Between an insulation layer 40 is provided for the two masonry 38, 39. Since in this case both masonry 38, 39 without air gap with each other over the Wall anchor 22 are connected, the use of the additional abutment 30th not required here.

Finally, Fig. 10 shows two masonry 41, 42, both consisting of wall blocks corresponding to the wall block 1, here a corner is bricked.

Claims (25)

Wall block for masonry-free walls or the like, with top knob-like projections and provided on the underside, the Recesses adapted to the shape of the top projections, characterized in that that at least one of one on the upper and / or lower side Side edge (6, 16) leading to a recess (8, 18) groove (7, 17) for receiving a wall anchor is provided. Wall block according to claim 1, characterized in that the at least a groove (7, 17) in the area of a longitudinal edge and / or a transverse edge is arranged. Wall block according to claim 2, characterized in that only a groove is provided on an upper and / or on an underside longitudinal edge (6, 16) and on the other, which serves as a visible outer wall surface Wall block side (19) chamfers (20) are provided on the edge side. Wall block according to claim 2 or 3, characterized in that two opposite top and / or bottom side edges Grooves are provided. Wall block according to one of the preceding claims, characterized in that two grooves (7, 17) are provided in the area of the longitudinal edge (6, 16) are, the groove centers of the two grooves (7, 17) by the length a are spaced from each other and each groove center to the respective side edge (9) is spaced by the length a / 2. Wall block according to one of the preceding claims, characterized in that the recess (8, 18) penetrates the wall block (1, 11) Breakthrough is. Wall block according to one of the preceding claims, characterized in that the length of the groove (7, 17) from the edge to the recess is between 20 mm and 40 mm. Wall block according to one of the preceding claims, characterized in that the width of the groove (7, 17) between 20 mm and 40 mm, in particular Is 30 mm. Wall block according to one of the preceding claims, characterized in that if only one at the top or the bottom Groove (7, 17) is provided, the depth of the groove between 10 mm and 20 mm, in particular is 15 mm, and that when on the top and bottom congruent grooves are provided, the depth of the groove 5 mm to 10 mm, in particular 7.5 mm. Wall block according to one of the preceding claims, characterized in that a recess (8, 18) has a substantially circular shape Cross section with a diameter between 40 mm and 60 mm, in particular of 50 mm. Wall block according to one of the preceding claims, characterized in that the or each recess (8, 18) between two neighboring ones Projections (3, 13) or depressions (5, 14) is arranged. Wall block according to one of the preceding claims, characterized in that in addition to the one or more connected to the one or more grooves (7) Depressions (8) further depressions (8) are provided, the Projections (3) or the depressions (5) and the depressions (8) in symmetrical Arrangement are arranged with respect to each other. Wall anchor for connecting a wall block according to one of the claims 1 to 12 with a third object, characterized by an elongated Anchor section (23), which at one end has a third object Determinable section (24), and one in one on the wall block Provided recess can be longitudinally movable abutment (27) is arranged or attachable and lockable. Wall anchor according to claim 13, characterized in that the elongated Anchor section (23) a second abutment (30) on the third object or another object located on it is arranged to be longitudinally movable or can be attached and locked. Wall anchor according to claim 13 or 14, characterized in that on first and possibly on the second abutment (27, 30) an opening (28, 31) is provided, in which the elongated anchor section (23) to be led. Wall anchor according to claim 15, characterized in that the elongated Anchor section (23) a sawtooth profile (26) and in the area of Opening (28, 31) of the first and optionally the second abutment (27, 30) at least one locking profile is provided, which in the Sawtooth profile (26) engages so that the abutment (27, 30) in one Movable direction and against shifting in the other direction is locked. Wall anchor according to claim 16, characterized in that the sawtooth profile (26) of the anchor section (23) on two opposite sides of the anchor section having a substantially rectangular cross section (23), the respective opening (28, 31) of an abutment (27, 30) has an essentially rectangular cross section having. Wall anchor according to claim 16, characterized in that the anchor section has a substantially round cross section and the sawtooth profile is circumferential, the respective opening of an abutment has a substantially round cross section. Wall anchor according to one of claims 16 to 18, characterized in that that the locking profile of the abutment (27, 30) as a sawtooth profile (29, 32) is formed. Wall anchor according to one of claims 13 to 19, characterized in that that a length scaling (34) on the elongated anchor section (23) is provided. Wall anchor according to one of claims 13 to 20, characterized in that that the first abutment (27) in the form of a pin and the second abutment (30) is essentially disc-shaped. Wall anchor according to claim 21, characterized in that on substantially disc-shaped second abutment (30) a water drip edge (33) is provided. Wall anchor according to one of claims 13 to 22, characterized in that that section (24) which can be determined on the third object is another abutment (25) is provided. Wall anchor according to claim 23, characterized in that the further Abutment (25) has a substantially conical shape. Wall anchor according to one of claims 13 to 24, characterized in that that it's made of plastic.

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