EP0442130B1 - Prefab unit as joint and/or expansion unit and/or cantilever plate element for reinforced cement-bound building constructions - Google Patents

Abstract

In a prefab unit (1) which can be employed as joint unit for reinforced cement-bound building constructions, two elongated profiled parts (2, 3) arranged at a distance from one another and web parts (4) connecting these two profiled parts (2, 3) are provided. The profiled parts (2, 3) and the web parts (4) can be fitted together in the manner of a tongue-and-groove joint. For this purpose, the web parts (4) possess, at two mutually opposite edge regions facing the profiled parts (2, 3), grooves (7) into which the mutually facing edge regions of the two profiled parts (2, 3) can be fitted. Openings (5), into which tubular pieces (6) for the passage of reinforcing elements are inserted, are provided in the profiled parts (2, 3) at a certain grid distance. <IMAGE>

Description

The invention relates to a component as a joint and / or dilatation and / or cantilever element for cement-bonded, reinforced building structures, which has one or more pipe pieces that can be inserted or inserted transversely to its longitudinal direction in the openings in the openings for receiving reinforcement elements.

When cement-bound building constructions are tied, for example concrete walls and concrete ceilings, cracks occur as a result of the water loss shrinkage. For example, in the case of exposed walls or concrete ceilings, these shrinkage cracks run arbitrarily and are viewed by the respective client in particular as unaesthetic. Furthermore, there is a risk that, due to the random distribution of these cracks, they will appear in places that have an adverse effect on the statics of the building structure. In order to counter these disadvantages, various designs of joint elements have become known. These are relatively expensive and additional sealing elements are required to prevent water from penetrating into the joints, and on the other hand so-called joint tapes, by means of which the joints e.g. must be covered for aesthetic reasons. In particular, if joints are to be provided on both surfaces of the concrete structure, appropriate spacing elements are required, which, however, must not be so large that the continuous building structure is substantially interrupted.

Furthermore, dilation elements are known which, in order to prevent a cold bridge, cause a concrete structure to be completely separated. Accordingly, such dilatation elements must be designed to be completely closed, with only pipe pieces being used in order to be able to use reinforcement elements which can transmit the transverse force between the concrete structures located on both sides of the dilatation element. A similar dilation element, corresponding to the preamble of claim 1, is known from CH-A-666 505.

Furthermore, so-called cantilever slab elements have become known which are intended to provide insulation between, for example, a concrete ceiling construction and a freely projecting balcony slab. These are in turn provided with corresponding pipe sections so that the reinforcement elements can be passed through. In addition, additional reinforcement elements are required here, which must ensure proper load transmission.

For any thickness of a building structure, e.g. a concrete wall or a concrete ceiling, components of different heights or widths are required as a joint, dilatation or cantilever element. It is therefore not only necessary to have an enormous inventory, but there is also hardly any possibility of individually adapting the components to the building structures.

The object of the invention is therefore to create a component of the type mentioned at the outset which can be assembled from inexpensive individual parts and is therefore suitable for use in a number of different applications.

This is achieved according to the invention in that the component consists of two elongated profile parts to be arranged at a distance from one another and one or more web parts connecting the two profile parts, the profile parts and the web parts being plugged together in a positive and / or frictional manner in the manner of a tongue and groove connection and optionally mutually fixed by additional fasteners and the insertion length of one part in the groove of the other part is determined depending on the thickness of the construction, and that the pipe pieces or openings for receiving the pipe pieces are arranged in the profile parts and / or in the web parts or are trained.

By using elongated profile parts, correspondingly long components can be prefabricated on the one hand and on the other hand the required strength of the components is given to take over the load until the concrete structure is finished. Since the two profile parts can be mutually fixed via web parts, it can be perfectly adapted to the most varied thicknesses of concrete structures. It is therefore also possible to use the same basic element both as a joint element and as a dilatation or cantilever plate element manufacture usable component. A relatively large area can be covered with a single size of web parts. In the case of thicker building constructions, the profile parts can remain the same, only slightly longer web parts being required. It would therefore usually suffice to use 2 to max. 3 different web sizes to cover all applications of such components.

Depending on whether the component is now used as a joint, dilatation or cantilever panel element, it is possible to use corresponding pipe sections for receiving reinforcement elements in the profile parts and / or in the web parts.

The fact that the profile parts and the web parts are plugged together in the manner of a tongue and groove connection enables the component to be optimally adapted to different thicknesses of the building structures. Depending on how far the one part is inserted into the groove of the other part, a wider or narrower component can be created.

The simplest construction is that the web parts have grooves on two opposite edge regions facing the profile parts, into which the mutually facing edge regions of the two profile parts can be inserted. Since the web parts come to rest in the concrete structure without being visible from the outside, they can be made somewhat thicker, so that the formation of these grooves on both sides does not represent a strength problem for the web parts. The elements are said to be able to withstand the rough construction site operations.

The profile parts are advantageously designed as elongated, plate or strip-shaped elements. The profile parts can therefore have a very simple basic shape, this also being of particular importance with regard to the assembly with the web parts.

Particularly when the component is used as a joint element, a version is particularly expedient in which the profile parts have a thickening on their outer edge region in the assembly position, which has a cross section is preferably designed as a trapezoidal extension. As a result, a groove widening outwards is formed in the building structure, the thickening of the profile parts lying in this area either remaining in the building structure or else being able to be separated out in order to introduce a sealant, if necessary.

So that a corresponding adjustability of the height of the entire component can be achieved in a simple manner, it is advantageous if the depth of the two-sided grooves on the web parts is approximately one third of the total height of the web parts. A correspondingly large area is therefore possible with a single design of web parts.

Furthermore, it is proposed that the width of the web parts, viewed in the longitudinal direction of the components, be designed according to a grid dimension, the width being smaller than the height of the web parts. Pre-assembly of the components is therefore possible in a simple manner, since pipe sections must be used at predetermined intervals to insert reinforcement elements according to the load cases.

In this context, it is particularly expedient if the width of the web parts is matched to the spacing of successive openings for receiving pipe pieces in the profile parts, the width of the web parts advantageously corresponding to half the distance between two successive openings. For example, in the case of a component used as a joint element, a web part can be inserted between two pieces of pipe intended to hold reinforcement elements. When the component is used as a dilatation element, ie where the pipe pieces are inserted in the web parts, this distance between the individual reinforcement elements is also retained if such a pipe piece is used in every second of the successive web parts.

As a rule, the friction-locked connection of the ones plugged together with a tongue and groove connection is sufficient for proper pre-assembly Parts out. However, if a rigid connection is deemed necessary, the profile parts and the web parts can be firmly connected to one another by gluing, by screws or pins.

The construction of the component according to the invention provides additional possibilities for reinforcing the component in its longitudinal direction. This is achieved by using reinforcement elements in the area between the bottom of the grooves in the web parts and the facing edge of the profile parts. These can extend over the entire length of the component or, for example, can only be used in the connection area between successive components. In this way there is also a good connection possibility for, for example, components adjoining one another at an angle.

The profile parts and the web parts are made of wood and / or plastic or another, poorly heat-conducting material. It is possible that the section of the profile parts forming the thickening and the plate or strip-shaped section are manufactured separately and releasably connected to one another. This is particularly advantageous if the component is used as a joint element. The part of the profile part forming the thickening can then be removed again very simply after the construction has been produced, for example in order to fill a sealant into the groove formed thereby.

Due to the special design of the component, there is also the possibility of attaching a joint tape or a sealing element sealing a joint to the part forming the thickening of at least one profile part. Such a joint tape can be glued or screwed on, for example. However, it would also be conceivable to provide a groove in the part of the profile part forming the thickening, into which a connecting web of a joint tape is then pressed.

In order to create a possibility to provide a change in length also for the pipe sections or an adaptation to not exactly To enable installed reinforcement elements, it is proposed that the pipe pieces are made of an elastically bendable and, if necessary, elastically shortenable or extendable material.

For use with a component that is used as a dilatation element, an element for absorbing transverse forces is proposed, which is characterized by a mandrel which is oriented on both sides of the component and transversely to it and which has one end inserted into a displaceably in the pipe section , engages at the end of the closed sleeve and projects freely with its other end over the pipe section. This creates a reinforcement element which engages in the two structural structures separated by the dilatation element and thus bridges the non-load-bearing area of the dilatation element. Since one end of this mandrel engages in a sleeve closed at the end, the mandrel can be displaced in this sleeve, so that thermal expansion or shortening between the two separate structural structures can be compensated for.

To ensure in this context that the pipe section is not closed during the concreting process and thus would prevent the mandrel from moving, it is proposed that on the side of the freely projecting end of the mandrel the remaining annular gap between the pipe section and the mandrel is at least partially is closed by an inserted sleeve.

The mutually facing ends of the two sleeves are arranged at a distance from one another, so that movement compensation is also possible in this regard.

So that there is also a possibility of movement at the one-sided closed end of the one sleeve even when the mandrel is fully inserted, an elastic plug is inserted in the one-sided closed end of the one sleeve.

Fig. 1

eine Schrägsicht eines als Fugenelement einsetzbaren Bauteiles;

Fig. 2

eine Schrägsicht eines als Dilatationselement einsetzbaren Bauteiles;

Fig. 3

einen Schnitt nach der Linie III-III in Fig. 2 mit eingesetztem Dorn;

Fig. 4

eine Schrägsicht einer weiteren Ausführungsform eines Bauteiles, wie er als Dilatations- oder als Kragplattenelement eingesetzt werden kann;

Fig. 5

eine Vorderansicht eines Bauteiles;

Fig. 6

einen Schnitt nach der Linie VI-VI in Fig. 5;

Fig. 7

einen Schnitt nach der Linie VII-VII in Fig. 5;

Fig. 8

einen Schnitt durch ein Profilteil eines Bauelementes mit aufgesetztem Fugenband.

The invention is explained in more detail with reference to the drawings. Show it:

Fig. 1

an oblique view of a component that can be used as a joint element;

Fig. 2

an oblique view of a component that can be used as a dilation element;

Fig. 3

a section along the line III-III in Figure 2 with inserted mandrel.

Fig. 4

an oblique view of a further embodiment of a component as it can be used as a dilatation or cantilever element;

Fig. 5

a front view of a component;

Fig. 6

a section along the line VI-VI in Fig. 5;

Fig. 7

a section along the line VII-VII in Fig. 5;

Fig. 8

a section through a profile part of a component with a joint tape.

The component according to the invention and its individual parts will initially be explained in more detail with reference to FIG. 1. In this version, the component is used as a dilatation element and is used to create joints in cement-bound, reinforced building structures. The component 1 consists of two spaced-apart, elongated profile parts 2 and 3, which are of identical design but are arranged in mirror image, and of a plurality of web parts 4 connecting the two profile parts 2 and 3. The profile parts 2, 3 and the web parts 4 interlock positively and / or frictionally. When designed as a joint element, openings 5 for receiving pipe sections 6 are provided in the profile parts 2 and 3. The reinforcement elements of the concrete structure can be passed through these pipe sections 6, so that continuous reinforcement is ensured.

The profile parts 2, 3 and the web parts 4 can be plugged together in the manner of a tongue and groove connection. In the embodiment shown, the web parts 4 have grooves 7 on two opposite edge regions facing the profile parts 2, 3, into which grooves the mutually facing edge regions of the two profile parts 2 and 3 can be inserted. If the side boundaries of the grooves 7 and the outer surfaces of the profile parts 2 and 3 are designed to match one another, the frictional engagement alone results in a construction which is stable in itself and which is also sufficient for rough construction site operation. It is therefore also possible to pre-assemble the components so that only the laying has to be carried out on the construction site. If a firm connection is to be created between the profile parts 2, 3 and the web parts 4, it is conceivable to glue the parts together or to use screws or pins in the connection area.

In the context of the invention, it would also be conceivable to provide the grooves on the profile parts 2, 3, into which the opposite edge regions of the web parts 4 could then be inserted. However, the embodiment shown is more advantageous, especially since the web parts 4 can be made somewhat stronger, especially in the area completely covered with concrete, in order thereby to be able to make the wall parts delimiting the groove correspondingly stable.

The profile parts 2, 3 are advantageously designed as elongated, plate or strip-shaped elements. It is thus possible to prefabricate the individual components in certain lengths in order to achieve a certain grid dimension. Especially when the component is used as a joint element, it is expedient if the profile parts 2, 3 have a thickening 8 on their outer edge region in the assembly position, which is preferably designed in cross section as a trapezoidal extension.

The depth of the two-sided grooves 7 on the web parts 4 is approximately one third of the total height of the web parts 4, so that the profile parts 2, 3 can engage relatively far in the grooves of the web parts 4. It is also possible to vary the overall height of the component within relatively large limits. This means that a further area of application can be covered with a single size of parts. Depending on how as far as the profile parts 2, 3 are inserted into the grooves 7 of the web parts 4, the total height of the component 1 becomes larger or smaller.

It can be seen from FIG. 1 and the above description that only a small stock of parts is necessary in order to manufacture the components as required for the application. It is therefore practically only one type of profile parts 2 and 3 and an embodiment of web parts 4 necessary. However, it would also be conceivable to manufacture the profile parts 2 and 3 with a different embodiment if this would be advantageous for a special application. As already mentioned, it would also be possible to design the profile parts 2, 3 merely as strip-shaped elements with, for example, a rectangular cross section.

The width B of the web parts 4, as seen in the longitudinal direction of the components 1, is designed according to a grid dimension, the width B being smaller than the height H of the web parts 4. Advantageously, the width B of the web parts 4 is advantageous in terms of the spacing between successive openings 5 for the inclusion of pipe sections 6 matched. In the embodiment shown in FIG. 1, the width B of the web parts 4 corresponds to half the distance between two successive openings 5. There is therefore a distance A between two successive web parts 4, which corresponds to the width B of a web part 4.

2 shows component 1 for use in a dilatation element. In this embodiment, the distance A shown in FIG. 1 is then closed by a further web part, so that a component 1 which is closed over its entire length is obtained. As a result, there is no longer any connection between the structural structures provided on both sides of component 1, except for a corresponding reinforcement element.

In the area between the groove base 9 of the grooves 7 in the web parts 4 and the facing edge limitation 10 of the profile parts 2, 3, reinforcement elements 11 can be used, which can reinforce the component 1 in its longitudinal direction significantly.

4 shows a possibility of using component 1 as a cantilever plate element. Here, in the area of the profile parts 2, 3, pipe pieces 6 must be used, or openings 5 must be provided for the use of such pipe pieces 6, through which the reinforcement elements can then be passed. The profile parts 2, 3 and the web parts 4 are per se made much thicker when used for a cantilever panel element, since an appropriate insulation thickness is prescribed there to prevent cold spots. With such an embodiment, it would be possible to only make the web parts 4 correspondingly thicker, which under certain circumstances could then extend over the entire height of the component 1. The profile parts 2 and 3 would then have the practical task of connecting these web parts 4 mutually aligned by engagement in the grooves 7 and then would have corresponding openings 5 for receiving the pipe pieces 6 in addition to the web parts 4. In the embodiment according to FIG 4 indentations 12 are provided on the two opposite edge regions of each second web part in order to allow the passage of the tube pieces 6.

The reinforcement elements 11 according to FIG. 2 inserted into a free space within the groove 7 can of course also be used in the embodiment variants according to FIGS. 1 and 4.

The profile parts 2, 3 and the web parts 4 can be made of wood and / or plastic or another, poorly heat-conducting material. It is advantageous to manufacture from a plastic or from a foam, which provides sufficient strength for the necessary rough construction site operation.

Within the scope of the invention, it would also be conceivable, particularly in the case of a closed design of the component 1 for use as a dilatation element or cantilever plate element, to design the web parts in the longitudinal direction of the component 1 to be substantially longer, or else to have the same length as the profile parts 2 and 3. Such a component would then consist of the two profile parts 2 and 3 and the continuous web part 4 over the entire length.

In order to be able to connect successive components well without mutual displacement, care is taken that the web parts on one end of the component 1 protrude approximately half the width of such a web part, so that the profile parts 2 and 3 of the next component 1 into the Grooves of the web part can be used.

The pipe sections 6 can be made of metal or plastic. An expedient embodiment is to manufacture the tube pieces 6 from an elastically bendable and possibly elastically shortenable or extendable material. This is possible, for example, if the pipe section consists of a corrugated or corrugated element in the longitudinal direction.

When component 1 is used as a dilation element, the transverse forces must be able to be correspondingly transmitted between the structural structures 13 and 14 separated by component 1, as can be seen in FIG. 3. For this purpose, a mandrel 15 is provided, which engages with its one end 16 in a sleeve 17, which is slidably inserted into the tube piece 6 and is closed at the end, and projects freely with its other end 18 over the tube piece 6. On the side of the freely projecting end 18 of the mandrel 15, the remaining annular gap between the pipe section 6 and the mandrel 15 is at least partially closed by an inserted sleeve 19. As a result, no material can run into the pipe section 6 when the concrete element is being produced, so that the free displacement of the mandrel 15 relative to the pipe section 6 and thus in the sleeve 17 is ensured. The fact that the two sleeves 17 and 19 with their mutually facing ends are arranged at a distance from one another also contributes to the free displacement. It can therefore also move the sleeve 19, which may be firmly attached to the mandrel 18, in the pipe section 6 and also in the direction of the sleeve 17, which is embedded in the construction 13. The mandrel 15 can be pushed directly towards the end closure on the sleeve 17 during assembly, nevertheless a length adjustment is ensured because an elastic plug 20 is inserted at this end of the sleeve 17.

3 it can also be seen very clearly that a reinforcing element 11 can be inserted in the area of the groove 7 in the web part 4 that remains free.

5 that the section of the profile parts 2, 3 forming the thickening 8 and the plate-shaped section 21 of the profile parts 2, 3 are manufactured separately and releasably connected to one another. Such a possibility will also be particularly useful if the profile parts 2, 3 and possibly also the web parts 4 made of wood, e.g. Plywood, are formed. The thickening 8 can then be screwed or nailed onto the section 21 of the profile parts 2, 3. In the same way, the profile parts 2, 3 inserted into the web parts 4 can then be firmly connected to the web parts 4 by screws 22 or pins. In the embodiment shown here, the web parts 4 are arranged at a much greater distance from one another than in the embodiment according to FIG. 1. Depending on the inherent stability of the profile parts 2 and 3, a smaller or larger distance between the individual web parts 4 can of course be selected here. In this arrangement according to FIG. 5, it is also possible to use the thickening 8 of the profile parts 2 and 3 instead of the web parts 4 for the positive joining of successive components 1. The thickening 8 on the profile parts 2, 3 is arranged offset in the longitudinal direction with respect to the plate-shaped or strip-shaped section 21, so that the projecting area can be screwed onto the section 21 of the next component 1.

The dimensions of the profile parts 2 and 3 as well as the web parts 4 and also the special shape thereof are not tied to the one shown in the drawings. It would also be conceivable to use different construction variants depending on the application. In any case, the overall width or height of the component 1 is generally dimensioned such that the overall thickness of the building structure, e.g. a concrete ceiling or a concrete wall.

From the section according to FIG. 7 it can be seen that tube pieces 6 of different lengths can also be used for a single component. 7 is a short pipe section 6 provided, which only serves to carry out the reinforcement used in the construction. In the upper section of FIG. 7, a longer piece of pipe 6 is shown, which is used in particular for tension anchoring in dilatation joints. The pipe section 6 made of plastic or a steel pipe used here is extended on one side and in turn penetrated by a reinforcement element 23. This reinforcement element 23 is embedded on both sides of the pipe section 6 in the concrete, ie anchored therein. The relatively long pipe section 6 keeps the reinforcement element 23 in a secure position until the concrete has finally set.

In the illustration according to FIG. 8, only a profile part 2 or 3 is shown, with no pipe section 6 being inserted in the opening 5. On the thickening 8, a joint tape 24 or a corresponding sealing element is arranged, which is connected to the same by any type of connection, for example by screwing, nailing or gluing. A joint in a building construction is therefore completely covered.

Although the components 1 are always shown in an approximately horizontal position in the drawings, nothing is said about a specific application of the component 1. The component according to the invention can be used both in horizontal and in vertical building structures, in particular in concrete building structures.

The construction of the component 1 according to the invention also creates the possibility that the profile parts 2, 3 do not necessarily have to run parallel to one another, but rather run in accordance with the respective shape of the construction to be equipped with them. If, for example, a concrete wall or a concrete slab converges towards one side, then the profile parts 2 and 3 form a correspondingly acute angle to one another, which can be easily accomplished by the plugged-together design. Given correspondingly large changes in thickness in a building construction, it would also be conceivable to use web parts 4 of different lengths over the length of a single component, so that the distance between the two profile parts 2 and 3 can be bridged in each case.

The main advantage of the construction according to the invention lies in the simple possibility of adaptation to different thicknesses of building constructions and in the lowest possible storage of different parts, which can be assembled in a simple manner if necessary and prepared for the construction site.

In the above description and in the drawings, it was always assumed that the tube pieces 6 are circular. It would also be conceivable within the scope of the invention to make these pipe sections polygonal in cross section. One such variant is to provide the pipe sections with a rectangular cross section, the longer side being arranged in the longitudinal direction of the component 1. If, for example, a sleeve 19 or 17 and a corresponding mandrel according to FIG. 4 are then inserted into such a piece of pipe, a lateral movement possibility for such a mandrel which transfers the transverse force is also possible. In such an embodiment, however, it is expedient if the space remaining on both sides of the sleeve 19 or 17 is filled with an elastically flexible sealing agent, in order to prevent concrete from penetrating into the pipe section when it is introduced.

According to the illustration in FIG. 2, a reinforcement element 11 can be inserted into the free area of the grooves 7. A bolt-shaped reinforcement element is shown in the drawing. Of course, flat iron or other profile shapes could also be inserted here.

Claims (13)

1. A building component as a joint and/or expansion unit and/or cantilever plate element for reinforced cement-bonded building structures, which has one or more pipe sections insertable or inserted in apertures so as to be orientated transversely to its longitudinal direction, the said pipe sections being adapted to receive reinforcing elements, characterised in that the building component (1) comprises two elongate profiled parts (2,3) to be fixed at a distance from one another, and one or more web sections (4) which connect the two profiled parts (2,3), the profiled parts (2,3) and the web sections (4) being fitted together in a positively and/or non-positively locking manner, in the same way as a groove and tongue joint, and, if necessary, being fixed to one another by additional securing means, and the extent to which one part is slid into the groove of the other part being set as a function of the thickness of the building structure, and the pipe sections (6) or openings (5) for receiving the pipe sections (6) are arranged or constructed in the profiled parts (2,3) and/or the web sections (4).
2. A building component according to claim 1, characterised in that the web sections (4) have grooves (7) on two edge areas which are opposite to each other and facing the profiled parts (2,3), in which grooves (7) the mutually facing edge areas of the two profiled parts (2,3) can be inserted.
3. A building component according to claim 1, characterised in that the profiled parts (2,3) are constructed as elongate plate-shaped or strip-shaped elements.
4. A building component according to claim 3, characterised in that the profiled parts (2,3) have a thickened area (8) on their edge areas which lie outermost when assembled, the thickened area being preferably constructed as a trapezoid extension in cross-section.
5. A building component according to claim 2, characterised in that the depth of the grooves (7) on both ends of the web sections (4) is approximately one third of the total height of the web sections (4).
6. A building component according to claim 1 or one of the preceding claims, characterised in that the width (B) of the web sections (4) as viewed in the longitudinal direction of the building components (1) is designed to correspond to a grid dimension, the width (B) being designed to be less than the height (H) of the web sections (4).
7. A building component according to claim 6, characterised in that the width of the web sections (4) is adapted in terms of grid dimensions, to the distance between successive apertures (5) for receiving the pipe sections (6) in the profiled parts (2,3), the width (B) of the web sections (4) advantageously corresponding to half the distance between two successive apertures (5).
8. A building component according to claim 1 or one of the preceding claims, characterised in that the profiled parts (2,3) and the web sections (4) are firmly fixed to one another by adhesion, screwing (22) or pins.
9. A building component according to claim 1 and/or one of the preceding claims, characterised in that reinforcing elements (11) are placed, if necessary, in the area between the base (9) of the grooves (7) in the web sections (4) and the facing edges ( 10) of the profiled parts (2,3).
10. A building component according to claim 1, characterised in that the profiled parts (2,3) and the web sections (4) are made of wood and/or plastic or another material which is a poor conductor of heat.
11. A building component according to claim 1, or one of the preceding claims, characterised in that the component of the profiled parts (2,3) which forms the thickened area (8) and the plate- or strip-shaped component (21) are produced separately and are detachably connected to each other.
12. A building component according to claim 1 and one of the preceding claims, characterised in that a grouting strip (24) or a sealing element for a joint is attached to the section making up the thickened area on at least one profiled part (2,3).
13. A building component according to claim 1, characterised in that the pipe sections (6) are made from a resiliently flexible and, if necessary, resiliently retractable or extensible material.

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