EP3798377B1 - Method for producing a structure - Google Patents

Description

The invention relates to a method for producing a building.

It is known to build structures from prefabricated concrete parts, which are then connected to one another at a joint formed between the prefabricated concrete parts. From the EP 2 228 505 A1 It is known to concrete rope loops into the prefabricated concrete parts, which protrude into the joint. The rope loops of the prefabricated concrete parts adjacent to the joint overlap in the longitudinal direction of the joint. Reinforcing steel is inserted through the overlapping rope loops. The arrangement of the reinforcing steel in the individual rope loops requires an additional work step after positioning the precast concrete parts in relation to each other. The positioning of a precast concrete part between two already standing precast concrete parts is comparatively complex due to the overlapping rope loops, which prevent the further precast concrete part from being inserted from above.

From the WO 2009/017417 A1 discloses a connection system for connecting two building parts, which comprises a housing to be concreted into one of the building parts and a connecting element movably mounted in the housing. A channel leading to the outside of the building part is formed on the housing, through which the connecting element is accessible. When connecting the building parts, the connecting element is pushed out of the housing via the channel into an adjacent building part.

The invention is based on the object of specifying a method for producing a building.

This task is achieved by a method for producing a building with the features of claim 1.

It is intended for the building that the prefabricated concrete parts of the building have receptacles for at least one connecting means bridging the joint. A first section of the connecting means is arranged in a first receptacle in the first precast concrete part, which is filled with filling material, and a second section of the connecting means is arranged in a second receptacle in the second precast concrete part, which is also filled with filling material. The precast concrete parts are connected to the connecting means exclusively via the filling material. An additional fixed connection of the prefabricated concrete parts with the connecting means is not provided. This allows the connecting means to be positioned in the receptacles after the precast concrete parts have been positioned relative to one another. Only the receptacles for the fasteners need to be provided in the prefabricated concrete parts. This makes it easy to produce the precast concrete parts. When positioning the precast concrete parts relative to one another, the connecting means advantageously does not protrude into the joint, so that the positioning of the precast concrete parts relative to one another is also easily possible. The same filling material that is also used to fill the joint is advantageously provided as the filling material for the connecting means in the receptacles. The filling material is in particular a mortar, advantageously stiff-plastic mortar (thixotropic) or grouting mortar. Particularly when using rigid plastic mortar, the complex sealing of the joint can be omitted. Due to the firm connection of the precast concrete parts via the filling material and the connecting means, both tensile forces and compressive forces can be transmitted in all three spatial directions via the joint. The prefabricated concrete parts form walls and/or supports of the structure.

In order to achieve a high level of stability of the structure, it is advantageously provided that the connecting means is a rigid connecting means. The connecting means is preferably a double-headed anchor. Large forces can be transmitted via double-headed anchors. The heads of the double-headed anchor ensure that the double-headed anchor is well anchored in the backfill material. The first head of the double-headed anchor is advantageously a part of the first section of the connecting means and is arranged in the first receptacle, and the second head of the double-headed anchor is a part of the second section and arranged in the second receptacle. However, it can also be provided that a first head of the double-headed anchor is arranged in the first receptacle, the double-headed anchor protrudes through the second precast concrete part and the second head of the double-headed anchor is arranged in a third precast concrete part in a third receptacle. This makes it easy to connect three prefabricated concrete parts together. This is particularly advantageous when fixing wall sections to an intermediate wall arranged perpendicular thereto. The prefabricated concrete parts are advantageously parts of a wall of the building. However, the connecting means can also be a rod or the like that has no head or only one head at one end.

Advantageously, at least one receptacle has means for positioning the connecting means in the receptacle before the receptacle is filled with filling material and the connecting means is thereby fixed in the receptacle. The receptacle is advantageously designed so that the connecting means positions itself in the receptacle, in particular centers itself. This means that the effort required for arranging and positioning the connecting means in the receptacle is very low. A simple design results when the bottom of the at least one receptacle rises from the lowest point towards at least one, in particular towards both, opposite outside sides of the structure. A curved or V-shaped course of the bottom of the receptacle is advantageously provided. The receptacle can be open to the outside of the building and rise to the outside of the building. The connecting means can thereby easily fall into the receptacle.

The first and second receptacles advantageously have openings filled with filling material, which open into the joint and through which the connecting means protrudes. The joint is advantageously bridged exclusively via the at least one connecting means and the filling material. Additional reinforcing bars, for example reinforcing bars extending in the longitudinal direction of the joint, are advantageously not provided. This simplifies the construction of the structure.

In order to achieve an attractive appearance on the outside of the building, it is advantageously provided that the first and second receptacles are closed exclusively by the material of the prefabricated concrete parts. The filling material is therefore only visible on the front sides of the joint. At least one receptacle is designed to be so large that the connecting means can be completely arranged in the receptacle before the receptacle is filled with filling material. The prefabricated concrete parts can be easily positioned relative to one another because no elements protrude into the joint. After the precast concrete parts have been positioned relative to one another, the at least one connecting means can be pushed into the receptacle of the other precast concrete part until the connecting means bridges the joint.

The connecting means is advantageously arranged in a central region of the joint based on the width of the joint. The middle area of the joint is an area that extends over a maximum of 50% of the width of the joint and has a distance from each outside that is at least 25% of the width of the joint. The connecting means is preferably arranged approximately in the middle of the joint. However, it can also be provided that the connecting means is arranged off-center in the central region. The width of the joint advantageously corresponds to the width of a prefabricated concrete part that adjoins the front of the joint. The connecting means is therefore advantageously arranged centrally in this prefabricated concrete part in relation to the width of a prefabricated concrete part adjacent to the end face of the joint. It is advantageous for prefabricated concrete parts of small thickness, advantageous for a thickness of up to 30 cm, across the width of the joint a single connecting means is provided. For prefabricated concrete parts of great thickness, advantageously with a thickness of more than 30 cm, two connecting means are advantageously provided across the width of the joint. The connecting means are advantageously arranged close to the surface, i.e. at a comparatively small distance from an outside of the building. A larger number of connecting means can also be advantageous. At the height of the precast concrete part, the position of the at least one connecting means can be selected to be suitable and adapted to the forces to be transmitted.

In order to achieve improved force transmission between the filling material and the receptacle, it is advantageously provided that the floor has at least one profiling with at least one receptacle. The profiling can be chosen so that in the longitudinal direction of the connecting means there is an interlocking of the bottom of the receptacle with the connecting means, for example with the edge of the head of a double-head anchor. This ensures a high level of structural strength. At the same time, it is prevented that the connecting means can move inadmissibly in the receptacle when the receptacle is filled with filling material.

Advantageously, at least one of the precast concrete parts has a profiling in the area delimiting the joint. Through profiling, good interlocking of the filling material with the precast concrete part can be achieved. The profiling is advantageously designed in such a way that forces can be transmitted in all three spatial directions via the profiling. For this purpose, a profile with trapezoidal elevations is advantageously provided, which is arranged in a recess of the precast concrete part running in the longitudinal direction of the joint. This allows the joint on the outside of the building to be narrow. This also reduces the amount of backfill material required.

For a method for producing a structure with a first precast concrete part and a second prefabricated concrete part, which are formed at a location between the precast concrete parts Joint are connected to each other, the joint being at least partially filled with filling material, and wherein the first precast concrete part has a first receptacle and the second precast concrete part has a second receptacle for a connecting means, it is provided that the connecting means has a first section in the first receptacle and is arranged with a second section in the second receptacle and the receptacles are then filled with filling material. The arrangement of the connecting means in the receptacles in such a way that a first section is arranged in the first receptacle and a second section is arranged in the second receptacle takes place after the precast concrete parts have been positioned relative to one another.

The connecting means preferably has a marking projecting onto the outside of the structure, for example a flag or the like fixed to the connecting means and projecting outwards through the joint. This makes it easy to visually check whether connecting means are arranged in all receptacles and whether the connecting means are correctly positioned. The marking also advantageously allows you to check whether the correct type of lanyard is positioned in the receptacles.

It is envisaged that the connecting means is arranged completely in the first receptacle before the precast concrete parts are positioned relative to one another and that its second section is moved into the second receptacle after the precast concrete parts are positioned relative to one another. In the case of a connecting means that is already arranged in a receptacle before the precast concrete parts are positioned relative to one another, a marking protruding onto the outside of the precast concrete parts is advantageously provided, which allows checking from the outside as to whether the connecting means is correctly positioned in both receptacles. This can, for example, be a flag attached to one end of the connecting means, which protrudes a predetermined length from the joint when the connecting means is correctly positioned.

When filling the receptacle, the joint is advantageously filled with the filling material at the same time. This means that no additional work step is required to fill the receptacle with filling material.

A reusable recess body can advantageously be provided to produce the receptacle in the precast concrete parts. The recess body preferably has a hard core and a flexible outer part into which the hard core can be inserted. Due to the flexibility of the outer part, the recess body can be easily removed from the precast concrete part after the hard core has been removed. Preferably, the sections of the concrete components delimiting the joint also have a profiling. The profiling is advantageously designed in such a way that forces can be transmitted in all three spatial directions. This can be achieved by appropriately inclining the side walls of the profiling, for example by means of a profiling with a trapezoidal cross-section. The profiling on the areas of the concrete components delimiting the end faces can also be easily produced using a reusable formwork body. Instead of reusable formwork bodies, lost, recess-forming formwork bodies that remain in the precast concrete part and building can also be provided. The lost formwork bodies can be made of plastic or metal, for example.

Because only the connecting means, in particular a double-headed anchor or, for example, a straight rod, preferably made of steel, is used as a connecting means, a small width of the joint can be achieved. This reduces the joint space and reduces the amount of filling material required.

Fig. 1

eine schematische Schnittdarstellung durch ein nicht erfindungsgemäßes Bauwerk,

Fig. 2 bis 4

in schematischer Seitenansicht den Verfahrensablauf bei der Herstellung eines nicht erfindungsgemäßen Bauwerks,

Fig. 5

eine perspektivische Darstellung eines nicht erfindungsgemäßen Bauwerks im Bereich des Verbindungsmittels,

Fig. 6 bis 9

schematische Schnittdarstellungen durch ein Betonfertigteil eines nicht erfindungsgemäßen Bauwerks in unterschiedlichen Stadien der Herstellung des Bauwerks,

Fig. 10

eine schematische Darstellung eines Bauwerks vor der Positionierung des Verbindungsmittels,

Fig. 11

das Bauwerk in einer Darstellung gemäß Fig. 10 nach der Positionierung des Verbindungsmittels,

Fig. 12

eine schematische Darstellung eines Bauwerks in Schnittdarstellung,

Fig. 13

eine schematische Seitenansicht eines nicht erfindungsgemäßen Bauwerks,

Fig. 14

eine perspektivische Darstellung eines nicht erfindungsgemäßen Bauwerks,

Fig. 15

eine Ansicht des Bauwerks aus Fig. 14 von oben,

Fig. 16 bis 23

schematische Darstellungen von Bauwerken,

Fig. 24

eine perspektivische Darstellung eines Verfahrensschritts bei der Herstellung eines Bauwerks.

Exemplary embodiments of the invention are explained below with reference to the drawing. Show it:

Fig. 1

a schematic sectional view through a building not according to the invention,

Fig. 2 to 4

a schematic side view of the process sequence in the production of a building not according to the invention,

Fig. 5

a perspective view of a structure not according to the invention in the area of the connecting means,

Fig. 6 to 9

schematic sectional views through a prefabricated concrete part of a building not according to the invention in different stages of the construction of the building,

Fig. 10

a schematic representation of a structure before positioning the connecting means,

Fig. 11

the building in a representation according to Fig. 10 after positioning the lanyard,

Fig. 12

a schematic representation of a building in a sectional view,

Fig. 13

a schematic side view of a building not according to the invention,

Fig. 14

a perspective view of a building not according to the invention,

Fig. 15

a view of the building Fig. 14 from above,

Fig. 16 to 23

schematic representations of buildings,

Fig. 24

a perspective view of a process step in the production of a building.

Fig. 1 shows a sectional view through a building 1 not according to the invention. The building 1 comprises a first precast concrete part 2 and a second precast concrete part 3, which are connected to one another at a joint 4. In the exemplary embodiment, the joint 4 is delimited by a vertically extending end face 27 of the first precast concrete part 2 and a vertically extending end face 28 of the second prefabricated concrete part 3. Fig. 1 shows a vertical section through the building 1. The first precast concrete part 2 has a receptacle 5, and the second precast concrete part 3 has a receptacle 6. The receptacles 5 and 6 are arranged opposite one another on the joint 4 and open into the joint 4 with openings 23 A connecting means, preferably a rigid connecting means, is arranged in the receptacles 5 and 6 and protrudes through the joint 4. In the exemplary embodiment, a double-headed anchor 7 is provided as a connecting means. However, a differently designed, preferably rigid connecting means can also be advantageous. The double-headed anchor 7 has a first section 20 which is arranged in the first receptacle 5 and a second section 21 which is arranged in the second receptacle 6 of the second precast concrete part 3. An intermediate third section 29 of the double-headed anchor 7 protrudes through the joint 4. The first section 20 comprises a first head 10 of the double-headed anchor 7, and the second section 21 comprises a second head 11 of the double-headed anchor 7. The double-headed anchor 7 has a longitudinal central axis 9, which runs perpendicular to joint 4. The recordings 5 and 6 are filled with filling material 8. The joint 4 is also filled with filling material 8. The same filling material 8 is preferably provided for the receptacles 5 and 6 and for the joint 4. However, different filling materials can also be provided. Mortar, in particular grouting mortar or thixotropic mortar, is preferably provided as the filling material 8. The two prefabricated concrete parts 2 and 3 are firmly connected to one another via the double-headed anchor 7. Tensile and compressive forces can be transmitted in all three spatial directions between the prefabricated concrete parts 2 and 3 via the double-headed anchor 7.

The Fig. 2 to 4 illustrate the production of building 1. First, the precast concrete parts 2 and 3 are positioned relative to each other, as in Fig. 2 is indicated schematically by arrow 12. The precast concrete parts 2 and 3 already have the receptacles 5 and 6 for the double-head anchor 7. The precast concrete parts 2 and 3 are positioned so that the receptacles 5 and 6 are arranged opposite each other. The accuracy requirements for the position of the receptacles 5 and 6 relative to one another are preferably very low. The manufacturing tolerances for the height of the receptacles 5 and 6 relative to each other are advantageously so large that deviations in the height of one receptacle 5 from the other receptacle 6 of a multiple of the diameter of the double-headed anchor 7 are permissible. In addition, desired height deviations of up to several centimeters can be provided in order to create space for special installations, special recesses, additional reinforcement or the like.

The double-headed anchor is, as in Fig. 3 is indicated schematically by the arrow 13, is only arranged in the receptacles 5 and 6 after the precast concrete parts 2 and 3 have been positioned relative to one another. The arrangement is such that the double-head anchor 7 protrudes through the openings 23 and the joint 4 and the first head 10 is arranged in the first receptacle 5 and the second head 11 in the second receptacle 6.

As in Fig. 4 is indicated schematically, the joint 4 and the receptacles 5 and 6 are then filled with filling material 8. After the filling material 8 has hardened, the precast concrete parts 2 and 3 are firmly connected to one another via the filling material 8 and the double-headed anchor 7.

Fig. 5 shows the design of building 1 in detail. The precast concrete parts 2 and 3 are shown with a dash-dotted line and the boundaries of the shots 5 and 6 are shown with a solid line. How Fig. 5 shows, the prefabricated concrete parts 2 and 3 each have a profile 14, 15 on their end faces 27 and 28. The profiles 14 and 15 are each in a central position running in the vertical direction of the building 1 Depression 30 is arranged on the end faces 27 and 28 and is each formed by a plurality of elevations 19 which are trapezoidal in cross section. The trapezoidal elevations 19 form a vertically extending toothing on the end faces 27, 28. Due to the trapezoidal shape, forces can be transmitted in the horizontal and vertical directions via the profiles 14 and 15. Additional forces can be transmitted perpendicular to the plane of the prefabricated concrete parts 2 and 3 via the walls of the depressions 30.

How Fig. 5 shows, the recordings 5 and 6 each have an opening 24 which is open to an outside 16 of the precast concrete parts 2 and 3. The recordings 5 and 6 extend from the opening 24 into the precast concrete parts 2 and 3 and downwards. The receptacles 5 and 6 each have a base 17. The receptacles 5 and 6 are provided with a large number of grooves 18 running perpendicular to the longitudinal central axis 9 of the double-headed anchor 7 in the area in which the double-headed anchor 7 is arranged. The grooves 18 form a profiling of the bottom 17 of the receptacles 5 and 6 and the adjacent peripheral area.

The Fig. 6 to 9 show the first precast concrete part 2 in section. The second precast concrete part 3 is designed accordingly. How Fig. 6 shows, the receptacle 5 has a deepest point 22. Starting from the lowest point 22, which in the exemplary embodiment is arranged approximately in the middle of the precast concrete part 2, the floor 17 rises both to the outside 16 and to the opposite, closed outside 26. As a result Automatic positioning of the double-head anchor 7 in shots 5 and 6 is achieved. At the same time, it is prevented that the double-head anchor 7 can fall out of the receptacles 5 and 6 before the receptacles 5 and 6 are filled. How Fig. 6 shows, the bottom 17 of the receptacle 5 in the exemplary embodiment runs at an angle α to a vertical S, which can advantageously be 100 ° to 160 °. The angle α is advantageously approximately 130° to 140°. The angle α can be selected to suit the structural design.

How Fig. 6 shows, the double-head anchor 7 is first inserted through the opening 24 into the receptacles 5 and 6. Due to gravity, the double-headed anchor 7 falls into the receptacles 5 and 6, as in Fig. 7 is indicated by arrow 40. Fig. 8 shows the double-head anchor 7 in the area of the lowest point 22 of the receptacle 5 in its end position. The third section 29 bridging the joint 4, which is in Fig. 8 is shown in dashed lines, is arranged in a central region 25 of the joint 4, which corresponds to a central region of the precast concrete part 2. The middle region 25 of the joint 4 advantageously extends over a maximum of 50% of the width b of the joint 4. In the exemplary embodiment, the width b of the joint 4 corresponds to the width of the precast concrete parts 2 and 3. One of the precast concrete parts 2 or 3 is perpendicular to the other precast concrete part 2 , 3 arranged, the third section 29 is advantageously arranged in the central region 25 of the joint 4. The middle region 25 has a distance c 1 from the outside 16 of the precast concrete part 2, which has the opening ₂₄ , and a distance c ₂ from the opposite outside 26. The distances c ₁ , c ₂ are advantageously at least 25%, in particular at least 40%, of the width b of the joint 4. In the exemplary embodiment, the distances c ₁ , c ₂ each correspond to more than 45% of the width of the precast concrete part 2. The distances c are advantageous ₁ , c ₂ the same size. However, different distances c ₁ , c ₂ can also be advantageous. In the exemplary embodiment, a double-headed anchor 7 is provided, which protrudes through the joint 4. A double-headed anchor 7 across the width b of the joint 4 is advantageously provided for comparatively thin joints 4 whose width is less than 30 cm. For buildings whose joints 4 have a width b of more than 30 cm, two or more double-headed anchors 7 are advantageously arranged distributed over the width b of the joint 4.

How Fig. 8 schematically shows, after positioning the double-headed anchor 7 in the receptacles 5 and 6, the backfill material 8 is filled. Fig. 9 shows the recording 5 after filling with filling material 8. The opening 24 is closed to the outside 16 by filling material 8.

The 10 and 11 show an exemplary embodiment of a structure 31, which includes a first precast concrete part 32 and a second precast concrete part 33, between which a joint 34 is formed. The first precast concrete part 32 has a first receptacle 35 and the second precast concrete part 33 has a second receptacle 36. Both receptacles 35 and 36 are designed to be closed to the two outer sides 26 of the building 31. The recordings 35 and 36 only have openings 23 which are opened into the joint 34. A double-head anchor 37 is arranged in the receptacle 35. Fig. 10 shows the arrangement before the positioning of the double-headed anchor 37 in both receptacles 35 and 36. The double-headed anchor 37 is completely arranged in the receptacle 35 before being positioned in the installed position. The receptacle 35 has a depth d that is slightly larger than a length e of the double-head anchor 37. The double-headed anchor 37 has a diameter f that is significantly smaller than a diameter g of the receptacle 35. This allows the double-head anchor 37 to be arranged completely in the receptacle 35. In the case of non-round cross sections of the receptacle 35 and/or the double-headed anchor 37, the dimensions are adapted to one another in such a way that the double-headed anchor 37 can be arranged completely in the receptacle 35. The receptacle 36 has a depth h that is significantly smaller than the length e of the double-head anchor 37. When positioning the precast concrete parts 32 and 33 relative to one another, the double-headed anchor 37 is arranged completely in the first receptacle 35 in the first precast concrete part 32. After the precast concrete parts 32 and 33 have been positioned relative to one another, the double-headed anchor 37 is pushed or pulled into the second receptacle 36, as indicated schematically by the arrow 48. A flag or the like is advantageously attached to the double-headed anchor 37, with which the double-headed anchor 37 can be moved from the receptacle 35 into the receptacle 36.

Fig. 11 shows the double-headed anchor 37 in its end position. A first section 38 of the double-headed anchor 37 is arranged in the first receptacle 35 and a second section 39 in the second receptacle 36. An intermediate third section 49 protrudes through the joint 34. After filling the receptacles 35 and 36 with filling material 8, the prefabricated concrete parts 32 and 33 are firmly connected to one another via the double-headed anchor 37 and the filling material 8.

Fig. 12 shows an exemplary embodiment of a building 41, which includes a first precast concrete part 42 and a second precast concrete part 43, which are connected to one another at a joint 44. The precast concrete parts 42 and 43 have receptacles 45 and 46, which are each open towards the joint 44 and closed towards the outer sides 26 of the precast concrete parts 42 and 43. The joint 44 is bridged by a double-headed anchor 47, which is in Fig. 12 is arranged in its end position. How Fig. 12 shows, both recordings 45 and 46 have a depth d that is greater than a length e of the double-head anchor 47. As a result, the double-headed anchor 47 can be arranged either completely in the receptacle 45 or completely in the receptacle 46 when positioning the precast concrete parts 42 and 43 relative to one another. After the precast concrete parts 42 and 43 have been positioned relative to one another, the double-headed anchor 47 is pulled into the other receptacle until the double-headed anchor 47 protrudes through the joint 44. Advantageously, the two sections of the double-headed anchor 47, which are arranged in the receptacle 45 and the receptacle 46, are approximately the same size. It can also be provided that the double-headed anchor 37 or 47 protrudes slightly from a receptacle 35, 45, 46 when positioning the precast concrete parts 32, 33 or 42, 43 relative to one another. This makes it easy to visually check whether a double-head anchor 37, 47 is arranged in each receptacle 35 and 45 or 46.

The bottom of the receptacles 35, 36, 45, 46 can also each have a profiling, which can be formed, for example, by grooves 18.

Fig. 13 shows an exemplary embodiment of a building 51 not according to the invention, which comprises a first precast concrete part 52 and a second precast concrete part 53, which are connected to one another at a joint 54. The structure 51 has a top 58. The prefabricated concrete parts 52 and 53 have end faces delimiting the joint 54 Recordings 55 and 56. The recordings 55 and 56 each have an opening 23 towards the joint 54 and an opening 60 which is open towards the top 58. The receptacles 55 and 56 are closed to the horizontally extending long sides of the structure 51. A double-headed anchor 57 can be arranged in the receptacles 55 and 56, as indicated schematically by the arrow 59. After being arranged in the receptacles 55 and 56, the double-headed anchor 57 protrudes through the joint 54 and can be cast or pressed with filling material 8 in the receptacles 55 and 56.

The Fig. 14 and 15 show an exemplary embodiment of a building 61 not according to the invention, in which a first precast concrete part 62 with an end face 92 is arranged on a long side 93 of a precast concrete part 63. The precast concrete parts 62 and 63 therefore run at right angles to one another. A joint 64 is formed between the precast concrete parts 62 and 63, at which the precast concrete parts 62 and 63 are connected to one another. A connecting means, namely a double-headed anchor 67, is provided to connect the two precast concrete parts 62 and 63 to one another. The first precast concrete part 62 has a first receptacle 65 which is open to an outside 16 of the structure 61. The second precast concrete part 63 has a receptacle 66 which opens exclusively into the joint 64.

How Fig. 15 shows, the first receptacle 65 has an opening 69 to the outer wall 16. The second receptacle 66 has an opening 68 which opens into the joint 64. How Fig. 15 also shows, the receptacle 66 has a side wall 70 which runs obliquely to the longitudinal central axis 9 of the double-head anchor 67. Due to the inclined position of the side wall 70, the receptacle 66 enlarges in the direction of the joint 64. The side wall 70 ends adjacent to the opening 69 at the joint 64. The double-headed anchor 67 can therefore be installed at an angle in the receptacles 65 and 66 with the head 11 the receptacle 66 is inserted and then pivoted with the head 12 through the opening 69 into the receptacle 65. The receptacle 65 is designed with an inclined base 17 corresponding to the receptacles 5 and 6, so that the double-head anchor 67 then falls into its position in the receptacles 65 and 65.

Fig. 15 also shows the arrangement of the double-headed anchor 67 in the central region 25 of the joint 64. The central region 25 has a width i which corresponds to the outer diameter of the section of the double-headed anchor 67 which protrudes through the joint 64. The middle region 25 has a distance c ₁ from the outside 16 of the structure 61 and a distance c ₂ from the outside 26. How Fig. 15 shows, the distances c ₁ , c ₂ are significantly larger than the width i of the central region 25. The distances c ₁ and c ₂ are the same size in the exemplary embodiment. However, it can also be advantageous to design the distances c ₁ and c ₂ to be different sizes. The distances c ₁ , c ₂ are advantageously at least 25% of the width b of the joint 64. In the exemplary embodiment, the distances c ₁ , c ₂ are each more than 40% of the width b of the joint 64, and the width i is less than 20% the width b. The longitudinal central axis 9 of the double-headed anchor 67 is arranged centrally in the first concrete component 62 and projects perpendicular to the outside 26 of the second precast concrete part 63 into the second precast concrete part 63.

The Fig. 16 to 23 show different arrangements of fasteners on structures made of prefabricated concrete parts. Fig. 16 shows a building 71 which has a first precast concrete part 72 and a second precast concrete part 73, which are connected to one another at a joint 74. The joint 74 is formed on the end faces of the prefabricated concrete parts 72 and 73 and runs vertically in the exemplary embodiment. In the exemplary embodiment, two double-headed anchors 77 and 78 are provided over the entire height of the precast concrete parts 72 and 73. However, the number and arrangement of the double-headed anchors 77 and 78 is advantageously chosen depending on the forces and loads that occur.

Fig. 17 shows an exemplary embodiment of a building 81 with a first precast concrete part 82 and a second precast concrete part 83, which are connected to one another at a joint 84. In the exemplary embodiment, a total of five double-headed anchors 87 to 91 are provided, via which the two precast concrete parts 82 and 83 are connected to one another at the joint 84. The distances between the individual double-headed anchors are 87 to 91 chosen the same in the exemplary embodiment. However, an uneven arrangement of double-headed anchors can also be advantageous.

How Fig. 18 shows in plan view of the precast concrete parts 82 and 83, the double-headed anchors 87 to 91 are advantageously arranged in the middle of the precast concrete parts 82 and 83.

Fig. 19 shows a structure 101, which includes a first precast concrete part 102 and a second precast concrete part 103 running at right angles thereto. The precast concrete parts 102 and 103 are connected to one another at a joint 104, which is penetrated by a double-headed anchor 107. The outer side 26 of the first precast concrete part 102 is flush with an end face 105 of the second precast concrete part 103.

Fig. 20 shows an exemplary embodiment of a structure 111 made of a first precast concrete part 112, which abuts at right angles to a long side 116 of a second precast concrete part 113. An end face 115 of the first precast concrete part 112 and the long side 116 delimit a joint 114 formed between the precast concrete parts 112 and 113. A double-headed anchor 117 protrudes through the joint 114. The second precast concrete part 113 protrudes over the two long sides 16, 26 of the first precast concrete part 112 Precast concrete part 112.

Fig. 21 shows a structure 121, which includes a first precast concrete part 122, a second precast concrete part 123 and a third precast concrete part 125. The precast concrete parts 122, 123 and 125 are connected to one another via a common double-headed anchor 127. A first head 10 of the double-head anchor 127 is arranged in a receptacle of the first precast concrete part 122. The second head 11 of the double-head anchor 127 is arranged in a receptacle of the third precast concrete part 125. The middle section of the double-headed anchor 127 protrudes through the second precast concrete part 123 as well as a first joint 124 formed between the first precast concrete part 122 and the second precast concrete part 123 and a second joint 124 between the second precast concrete part 123 and the third Precast concrete part 125 formed joint 126. In the exemplary embodiment, the second precast concrete part 123 lies perpendicular to the precast concrete parts 122 and 125. The double-headed anchor 127 is advantageously pushed or pulled through the receptacle in the precast concrete part 123 after the precast concrete parts 122, 123 and 125 have been positioned relative to one another.

Fig. 22 shows a structure 131, which includes a first precast concrete part 132, a second precast concrete part 133 and a third precast concrete part 135. The second precast concrete part 133 is a support in the exemplary embodiment. A joint 134 is formed between the first precast concrete part 132 and the second precast concrete part 133, through which a double-headed anchor 137 projects. A joint 136 is formed between the second precast concrete part 133 and the third precast concrete part 135, through which a double-headed anchor 138 projects.

Fig. 23 shows a building 151 with a first precast concrete part 152 and a second precast concrete part 153, which are connected to one another at a joint 154. The precast concrete parts 152 and 153 are comparatively thick. The width b of the joint 154 is more than 30 cm. In order to achieve sufficient strength in the connection of the precast concrete parts 152 and 153, the joint 154 is penetrated by two double-headed anchors 157 and 158 arranged at the same height. Both double-headed anchors 157, 158 are arranged in a central region 25 of the joint 154, which has a width i. The width i is at most 50% of the width b of the joint 154. The central region 25 has a distance c ₁ or c ₂ from the outer sides 16, which is advantageously at least 25% of the width b. In the exemplary embodiment, the distances c ₁ and c ₂ are the same size. The double-headed anchors 157 and 158 are arranged symmetrically to a central plane of the precast concrete parts 152 and 153. However, different distances c ₁ and c ₂ can also be advantageous. A double-headed anchor 157 is advantageously arranged in a receptacle which opens to one outside 16 of the structure 151 and the other double-headed anchor 158 is arranged in a receptacle which opens to the opposite outside 16 of the Building 151 opens. It may be advantageous to provide a larger number of double-headed anchors next to one another. However, all double-headed anchors are always arranged in the middle area 25.

Fig. 24 shows an exemplary embodiment of a building 141 when positioning the precast concrete parts. The structure 141 has a precast concrete part 142 and a precast concrete part 144, between which a precast concrete part 143 is inserted in the direction of an arrow 145 from above. The precast concrete parts 142, 143 and 144 are aligned in one direction and lie with their end faces adjacent to one another, so that the precast concrete parts 142 to 144 form a straight wall. Because the connecting means, in particular the double-headed anchors, are only positioned after the precast concrete parts have been positioned relative to one another in such a way that they bridge the joints formed between the precast concrete parts 142 to 144, positioning of the precast concrete part 143 between the precast concrete parts 142 and 144 from above is easily possible . There are no connecting means that protrude into the joint when positioning the precast concrete parts relative to one another. There is also no need for panels, closure elements or the like that keep the connecting means out of the joint when positioning the prefabricated concrete parts relative to one another, so that no corresponding waste is created.

The design and arrangement of the connecting means and receptacles from all exemplary embodiments can be combined appropriately. In all exemplary embodiments, tensile and compressive forces can be transmitted between the prefabricated concrete parts in all spatial directions via the connecting means and the filling material in the receptacles of the precast concrete parts. The result is a solid bond between the precast concrete parts in all directions.

Claims (2)

1. Method for producing a structure, wherein the structure (31, 41, 71, 81, 101, 111, 121, 131, 141, 151) comprises a first precast concrete part (32, 42, 72, 82, 102, 112, 122, 123, 132, 133, 142, 152) and a second precast concrete part (33, 43, 73, 83, 103, 113, 123, 125, 133, 135, 143, 153), wherein the precast concrete parts (31, 32, 41, 42) form walls and/or supports of the structure, wherein the precast concrete parts (31, 32, 41, 42) are connected to one another at a joint (34, 44, 74, 84, 104, 114, 124, 126, 134, 136, 154) formed between the precast concrete parts (32, 33, 42, 43, 72, 73, 82, 83, 102, 103, 112, 113, 122, 123, 125, 132, 133, 135, 142, 143, 144, 152, 153), wherein the joint (34, 44, 74, 84, 104, 114, 124, 126, 134, 136, 154) is at least partially filled with filling material (8), wherein the first precast concrete part (32, 42, 72, 82, 102, 112, 122, 123, 132, 133, 142, 152) has a first receptacle (35, 45) and the second precast concrete part (33, 43, 73, 83, 103, 113, 123, 125, 133, 135, 143, 153) has a second receptacle (36, 46) for a connecting means, wherein the connecting means is arranged with a first portion (20) in the first receptacle (35, 45) and with a second portion (21) in the second receptacle (36, 46), wherein, before positioning the precast concrete parts (32, 33, 42, 43) with respect to one another, the connecting means is completely arranged in the first receptacle (35, 45, 46), and, after positioning the precast concrete parts (32, 33, 42, 43) with respect to one another, is moved with its second portion (21) into the second receptacle (36, 45, 46), and wherein the receptacles (35, 36, 45, 46) are then filled with filling material (8),
   characterized in that the two receptacles (35, 36, 45, 46) are designed to be closed towards the outer sides (26) of the structure and only have openings (23) which are open into the joint (34).
2. Method according to Claim 1,
   characterized in that, when filling the receptacles (35, 36, 45, 46), the joint (34, 44, 74, 84, 104, 114, 124, 126, 134, 136, 154) is also filled with the filling material (8).

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