EP0658660A1 - Heat insulation structural member - Google Patents

Abstract

The invention relates to a structural element (3) for heat insulation, between two structural parts (1, 2) which are to be concreted, by means of an insulating body (4) with integrated reinforcement bars (5, 6, 7). In order to use the structural element (3) in the case of prefabricated hollow panels (1, 2) with cavities (1a) extending perpendicularly with respect to the structural element (3), the compression bars (6) arranged in the lower region of the insulating body (4) are extended on both sides such that they alternatively also function as tension bars, and the position of the reinforcement bars (5, 6, 7) in the insulating body (4) is adapted to the grid dimension of the intermediate webs (1b) located between the cavities (1a). <IMAGE>

Description

The invention relates to a component for thermal insulation between two components to be concreted, in particular between a building and a cantilevered outer part, consisting of an insulating body to be laid between them with integrated metallic tensile, compressive and transverse force rods which extend transversely to the insulating body and through it protrude on both sides into the components to be concreted, the transverse force rods being bent so that they run obliquely from the building side from top to bottom through the insulating body and then protrude in the area of the pressure zone towards the cantilevered outer part.

Components of this type allow projecting concrete parts, in particular balcony or loggia panels, to be connected to the corresponding false ceiling of a building and to largely eliminate the otherwise usual thermal bridges. They are therefore becoming increasingly popular in practice and are now known in numerous embodiments (DE-PS 3 005 571, EP-PS 121 685 and P 43 02 682).

In general, each insulating body is equipped with several horizontal tension and compression rods, which serve to absorb the bending moment at the clamping point, while the transverse force rods, starting from the building side, have to run obliquely from top to bottom through the insulating body in order to absorb the weight of the projecting outer part. Outside of the insulating body, they then continue to run horizontally, just like the tension and compression rods, in order to ensure sufficient overlap with the connecting reinforcement of the concrete components adjacent on both sides.

Until now, these insulating bodies have only been used in such a way that they are laid on the construction site in the joint area and, if necessary, bridled with the connection test, whereupon the concreting of the two adjacent concrete components takes place using in-situ concrete.

The present invention is based on the finding that the thermal separation which is achieved by the components in question is also desirable when the components to be insulated from one another do not consist of in-situ concrete but from prefabricated hollow body panels. The invention is therefore based on the object of improving the known components described at the outset in such a way that they are also suitable for connection to one or two hollow body plates.

This object is achieved in that in the case of prefabricated hollow body plates with cavities extending perpendicular to the component and separated by intermediate webs, the pressure rods arranged in the lower region of the insulating body are arranged on both sides in this way Are extended that they function alternatively as tension rods due to their anchoring length and that the position of the tension, compression and transverse force rods in the insulating body is matched to the pitch of the intermediate webs of the hollow body plates.

The invention is based on the idea that the components according to the invention must not be installed at the construction site, but already at the place of manufacture of the hollow body panels, that is, they must be connected to the two adjacent concrete components. The components are then, especially during transport and storage, exposed to the risk that loads occur for which they are not designed, because in contrast to casting with in-situ concrete, where the components remain in place, it can be transported with the the hollow body panels equipped with the components according to the invention come under completely different loads than with a resting balcony panel. For this reason, according to the invention, the pressure rods arranged in the lower region of the insulating body are extended on both sides in a way that was previously only necessary for tension rods. It therefore no longer matters whether positive or negative bending moments have to be transferred during transport or storage.

Finally, by adapting the position of the reinforcing bars to the grid dimension of the intermediate webs of the hollow body panels, it is ensured that all reinforcing bars are encased in concrete and can fulfill their carrying function.

In a further development of the invention, it is recommended that, instead of the usual transverse force rods, transverse force rods extending in mirror image are integrated in the insulating body, which, starting from the building side, do not enter the insulating body from above but from below and then run obliquely upwards through it. As a result, both load directions are covered equally with regard to the lateral force absorption.

Appropriately, approximately the same number of normal and mirror-image transverse force bars are arranged in the insulating body, for example by alternating normal and mirror-image transverse force bars through the intermediate webs of the hollow body plate, only one transverse force bar being provided per web.

In order to ensure sufficient concrete coverage of the transverse force bars, they are preferably arranged in the middle of the intermediate webs, while the tension and compression bars, which optionally run in the same intermediate web, are laterally offset from the central region.

So that the insulating bodies can be easily integrated into the manufacturing process of the hollow body panels, they have cutouts which are assigned to the cavities of the adjacent hollow body ceilings and, if necessary, are flush with them. These recesses are closed after pulling out the displacement body responsible for the hollow body formation, and expediently by molded parts, each pulled through the cavities of the plate or inserted into the joint from above. In the latter case, appropriate formwork elements must be used to ensure that the joint area is not completely filled with concrete when concreting; it is therefore advisable to provide recesses with a closed circumference, which are in alignment with the cavities in the hollow body plate and can be closed with a simple cylindrical molded part. This molded part can consist of two parts with an inclined parting line, so that when the two parts are displaced relative to one another, a cross-sectional change is obtained which facilitates jamming in the recess in the insulating body.

A particularly advantageous embodiment of the invention is characterized in that the insulating body has drainage channels. As a result, water that collects in the cavities of the projecting hollow body plate due to leaks in the balcony slab can be removed in a controlled manner, so that it cannot penetrate into the adjacent masonry or its plastering. At the same time you can see that the seal, for example within the balcony covering, is not in order. The drainage ducts expediently start from the cutouts and run to the lower end of the insulating body, where they can, if appropriate, be connected to a further collecting line.

Instead, there is also the possibility that water through the above-mentioned drainage channels of the insulating body into the cavities in the building To let the hollow body plate flow. From there it reaches the load-bearing walls, where it easily evaporates. The passage of water through the insulating body can also be brought about in such a way that the molded parts, which act as sealing plugs of the insulating body, are somewhat smaller than the cross section of the recesses in the insulating body. The jamming of the molded parts in the recesses is nevertheless ensured because when the molded parts are inserted through the cavities of the freshly cast hollow body slab, so much concrete sludge accumulates in front of the molded parts that this alone ensures local jamming in the recesses. This local jamming is of course not watertight and thus allows any water that may occur to pass through the cutouts in the insulating body.

An alternative drainage of the water is also possible without crossing the insulating body in that the projecting hollow body plate - expediently at its free end - has downward-opening drain openings which, for example, open into a drip nose.

A particularly expedient development of the invention consists in that the insulating body has a lower overall height than the adjacent hollow body plates, that is to say that the top side of the insulating body is offset somewhat downwards relative to the top side of the adjacent hollow body plates. This ensures that the horizontally back and forth planks for pulling off the tops of the concrete slabs are soft Can not damage the insulating body. Another favorable embodiment consists in equipping the insulating body with fire protection plates at least at the bottom, preferably also at the top. In order to take into account the different thermal loads, the lower fire protection plate is chosen thicker than the upper one, in such a way that it is about 15 to 25 mm thick, while the upper one is only about 5 to 10 mm thick. The upper fire protection plate is expediently a few mm or cm wider than the insulating body, so that it extends into the adjacent hollow body plates on both sides. This ensures that gaps, which often form due to the tensile load in the upper area between the insulating body and adjacent hollow body panels, are covered fire-proof.

Even in the case of insulating bodies equipped with fire protection panels, it is recommended that the insulating body, including its fire protection panels, be a few mm lower than the adjacent hollow body panels.

Figur 1

eine Schrägansicht von zwei miteinander durch ein erfindungsgemäßes Bauelement zu verbindenden Betonplatten, von denen zumindest die eine eine Hohlkörperplatte ist;

Figur 2

eine Frontansicht des erfindungsgemäßen Bauelementes;

Figur 3

eine Ausschnittvergrößerung von Figur 2;

Figur 4

einen Querschnitt durch das Bauelement gemäß Figur 3;

Figur 4a

einen Querschnitt ähnlich Figur 4;

Figur 5 und 6

einen aus drei Teilen zusammenzusetzenden Isolierkörper;

Figur 7

einen aus zwei Teilen zusammenzusetzenden Isolierkörper;

Figur 8

eine Ausschnittvergrößerung im Bereich des Entwässerungskanals;

Figur 9

die Herstellungsschritte für zwei durch das erfindungsgemäße Bauelement verbundene Hohlkörperplatten;

Figur 10

das Verschließen der Öffnungen im Isolierkörper und

Figur 11 bis 13

eine andere Variante für das Verschließen

Further features and advantages of the invention result from the following description of exemplary embodiments with reference to the drawing; shows

Figure 1

an oblique view of two concrete slabs to be connected to one another by a component according to the invention, at least one of which is a hollow slab;

Figure 2

a front view of the component according to the invention;

Figure 3

an enlarged detail of Figure 2;

Figure 4

a cross section through the component of Figure 3;

Figure 4a

a cross section similar to Figure 4;

Figures 5 and 6

an insulating body to be assembled from three parts;

Figure 7

an insulating body to be assembled from two parts;

Figure 8

an enlarged section in the area of the drainage canal;

Figure 9

the manufacturing steps for two hollow body plates connected by the component according to the invention;

Figure 10

closing the openings in the insulating body and

Figure 11 to 13

another variant for closing

Figure 1 shows two concrete slabs 1 and 2, of which at least the front, but usually also the rear is designed as a hollow body slab. For this purpose, they have, in a manner known per se, a series of parallel, continuous cylindrical cavities 1a which are each separated from one another by intermediate webs 1b. Of course, the cavities 1a can also be closed at one end or at both ends.

One of the two hollow body slabs should serve as a balcony or loggia slab in the building to be erected, and therefore opposite the one located inside the building other plate to be insulated to prevent or reduce heat flow to the outside. For this purpose, the component 3 according to the invention is installed in the joint between the two plates 1 and 2. Its structure follows from the following figures.

According to FIG. 2, for easier handling, the component consists of two halves 3a and 3b, which are constructed essentially the same, namely from an elongated insulating body 4, the height of which is adapted to the wall thickness of the hollow body panels and the thickness of which is 6 cm to 12, depending on the desired insulation cm. It is traversed horizontally by numerous cylindrical openings 4a, which are aligned with the openings 1a of the adjacent hollow body plates.

In addition, a plurality of tension rods 5 and below that the same number of compression rods 6 are integrated in the insulating body 4 in the space between the openings mentioned above. The tension and compression rods 5, 6 each run horizontally through the insulating body 4. In addition, shear force rods 7 and 7 'are integrated in the insulating body, which run obliquely through the insulating body along a vertical plane, but outside of which they are then bent into the horizontal, so that they are approximately at the level of the tension and compression rods in the adjacent hollow body plates run.

It is essential, as is particularly clear from FIG. 4, that the pressure rods 6 are dimensioned in this way and also such an anchoring length in the adjacent ones Concrete components have that they also act as tension rods and can absorb approximately the same tensile stresses as the tension rods 5. Likewise, the transverse force rods 7 alternate with mirror-symmetrically arranged transverse force rods 7 'so that they can absorb transverse forces in both vertical directions.

Since the shear force bars run closer to the cavities 1a when they exit the insulating body than the tension and pressure bars, it is advisable to arrange them as centrally as possible to the concrete bars 1b and to offset the tension and pressure bars somewhat to the side, as in Figure 3 shown.

In addition, the tensile and / or compressive and / or transverse force rods are each welded outside of the insulating body to a U-shaped plug bracket 8. This has the advantage that these stirrups no longer have to be positioned by hand as before and connected to the adjacent reinforcing bars by wire. Finally, the tension rods can also be connected by transverse mounting rods 9 (FIG. 3).

Thus, a tension rod 5, a compression rod 6, a transverse force rod 7 and a plug bracket 8 are assigned to each intermediate web 1b of the hollow body plate. However, it is of course within the scope of the invention to provide the reinforcement only in every second intermediate web 1b in installation situations with low loads, or to alternately equip the intermediate webs only with tension and compression rods together with push-in brackets or only with transverse force rods.

FIG. 4a shows practically the same insulating body as FIG. 4. It is only a little shorter and is equipped with a fire protection plate 44 on the top and a fire protection plate 45 on the underside, which can consist, for example, of a glass fiber reinforced lightweight building board. The fire protection plate 44 extends on both sides beyond the width of the insulating body 4 in order to also shield any gaps due to the tensile stress between the insulating body and the adjacent concrete components, which is generally not necessary for the lower fire protection plate 45 arranged in the pressure area. The latter is designed a little thicker.

Figure 5 shows that the insulating body 4 is composed of two almost mirror-image sections 4 'and 4''. The parting line between the two sections is placed in such a way that all areas of the insulating body, where the reinforcement bars run, are touched. Thus, in the upper section 4 'there are recesses 40 for the tension rods and recesses 41 for the shear bars and in the lower section 4''recesses 42 for the shear bars and 43 for the pressure bars, each of which corresponds to corresponding counter surfaces of the other section. As a result, all reinforcement bars can be easily positioned in the transverse direction, so they do not have to be pushed lengthways through the insulating body, and after the two sections 4 'and 4''have been put together, they are reliably fixed in place by the corresponding counter surfaces.

FIG. 6 shows a sealing plug 10 in top view and side view, which is used to close the openings 4a of the insulating body. It is dimensioned so that it holds in the openings by clamping.

Figure 7 shows another alternative for closing the openings. The openings 4a are initially open at the top and are then closed by a suitable insert 11 with an approximately U-shaped contour. During the casting of the concrete slabs 1 and 2, the area of the insulating body which is later to be closed by the inserts 11 must be occupied by a corresponding molded part which only leaves the openings 4a free. After the concrete has sufficiently solidified and the displacement body has been pulled, this molded part is removed and instead the insulating body is completed by the inserts 11.

In Figure 8 it can be seen that the insulating body in the lower region of its opening 4a has a drainage channel 12 which is open towards the projecting concrete component and leads downwards via a channel 13 and a further line 14 to the outside. Of course, this drainage can be connected to a collecting line for corresponding drainage channels from the other openings of the insulating body and, if necessary, can also lead to a specific discharge.

FIG. 9 schematically shows the production of two hollow body panels connected by a component according to the invention. In this case, on a pallet 20, the edge storage not shown on all sides accordingly the dimensions of the concrete slabs is surrounded, first laid lower reinforcement layers 60 for the concrete components 1 and 2 at the prescribed distance. The component 3 according to the invention is then introduced in the joint area and its lower reinforcement bars are fastened to the reinforcement layers 60 of the two concrete components (FIG. 9b). Thereupon displacement bodies 21 are retracted from one or alternately from both sides, the insulating body 4 being assigned to them in such a way that these displacement bodies cross the insulating body along the openings 4a (FIGS. 9c and 9d). If instead one works with displacement bodies, each of which only moves up to or shortly before the insulating body, then the openings 4a of the insulating body can of course be dispensed with.

Finally, the upper reinforcement layer 61 is connected, which is connected to the upper reinforcement bars of the insulating body (FIG. 9d), and the pouring of the concrete can begin.

Once the concrete has hardened sufficiently, the displacement bodies 21 are pulled out again (FIG. 9e) and the openings 4a in the insulating body are closed by sealing plugs 10, so that heat transfer by convection is prevented.

If a particularly good jamming of the sealing plug 10 in the insulating body is to be achieved, the construction according to FIG. 10 is recommended. The sealing plug is divided along an inclined plane 10a into two preferably identical halves 10b and 10c.

If these sections are shifted from each other in their aligned position, there is a reduction in their overall height, as a result of which they can be pushed more easily into the opening 4a of the insulating body. By pushing the two sections together as shown in the lower picture of Figure 10, the overall height increases and a tight jam is obtained.

Finally, FIG. 10 shows that the sealing plug 10 has a recess 10d in its lower area, which corresponds to the water drainage channel 12 of the insulating body and facilitates the drainage. This is particularly important when concrete crumbs and the like are to be expected in the cavities 1a of the concrete slabs, as a result of which a small drainage cross section could be blocked.

Figures 11 to 13 show another variant for closing the openings 4a in the insulating body. A radially elastic ring 110 is used, which is dented inwards on part of its circumference. This dent 110a is maintained by a corresponding shape 111 of the stamp used for insertion. As a result of this indentation, the ring 110 can be pushed through the cavity 1a of the adjacent hollow body ceiling without rubbing, even though it has a larger circumference in the relaxed state than corresponds to the cavity 1a. The ring 110 is therefore pushed into the recess 4a in the dented state by the slider 111 and brought there into its relaxed, no longer dented shape. This can be done in that the lower part 111a of the slider 11, which is responsible for the dent, is withdrawn, whereby the ring 110 automatically relaxes outwards and is jammed in the recess 4a of the insulating body.

Subsequently, according to FIG. 13, a conical sealing plug 112 is inserted into the ring 110 with the aid of a similar slide and clamped therein. The ring 110 can be cylindrical or also conical. It is essential that the ring 110 in its lower region, similar to the sealing plug shown in FIG. 10, has a recess 110b which is arranged on one side or on both sides and which allows water to flow out of the cavities 1a or 2a to the water drainage channel 12 of the insulating body.

In addition, it can be seen in FIG. 13 that the slide has a plurality of protruding needles on its front which carry the sealing plug 112. As a result, the plug cannot twist when inserted, which is important if it has drainage cutouts in the lower area. In this insertion process, so much concrete sludge is carried along by the sealing plug and by the slide that the sealing plug is sufficiently jammed in the insulating body even with a non-conical design and retains its position in the insulating body when the slide is removed. So that the insertion movement of the slide is not too short or too long, it is recommended that it have a stop at its rear end. A "top / bottom" marking can also be placed there be when it is important to insert the plug at an angle due to a drainage recess.

In summary, the invention is characterized by an optimal suitability for hollow body panels.

Claims (22)

Component (3) for thermal insulation between two structural parts (1, 2) to be concreted, in particular between a building and a cantilevered outer part, consisting of an insulating body (4) to be laid between them with integrated metallic tension, compression and shear bars (5, 6 , 7), which extend transversely to the insulating body (4) and protrude on both sides into the components (1, 2) to be concreted, the transverse force rods (7) being bent such that they are inclined from the building side from top to bottom run through the insulating body (4) and then protrude in the area of the pressure zone in the direction of the projecting outer part to be concreted,
characterized,
that for use of the component (3) in prefabricated hollow body panels (1, 2) with cavities (1a) extending perpendicular to the component (3) and separated by intermediate webs (1b), the pressure rods arranged in the lower region of the insulating body (4) (6) are extended on both sides in such a way that, due to their anchoring length, they also act alternatively as tension rods and that the position of the tension, compression and shear force rods (5, 6, 7) in the insulating body (4) is based on the spacing of the intermediate webs (1b) is coordinated. Component according to Claim 1,
characterized,
that at least partially integrated into the insulating body (4) instead of the above-mentioned transverse force rods (7) are transverse mirror rods (7 ') which, starting from the building side, run obliquely from bottom to top through the insulating body. Component according to Claim 2,
characterized,
that approximately the same number of normal and mirror-image transverse bars (7, 7 ') are arranged in the insulating body (4). Component according to Claim 2,
characterized,
that the normal and the mirror-image transverse force rods (7, 7 ') are arranged at least approximately alternately in the insulating body (4). Component according to Claim 2,
characterized,
that the transverse force rods (7, 7 ') are each assigned approximately to the vertical central regions of the intermediate webs (1b) of the adjacent hollow body ceiling (s). Component according to Claim 1,
characterized,
that the tension and compression rods (5, 6) are laterally offset from the central region of the intermediate webs (1b). Component according to Claim 1,
characterized,
that the insulating body (4) has recesses (4a) which are assigned to the cavities (1a) of the adjacent hollow body ceiling (s). Component according to Claim 7,
characterized,
that the recesses (4a) can be closed by longitudinally or transversely insertable molded parts (10, 110, 112). Component according to Claim 8,
characterized,
that the molded parts (10, 110, 112) can be clamped in the recesses (4a). Component according to Claim 8 or 9,
characterized,
that the molded parts (10) consist of two parts (10b, 10c) which can be displaced along inclined surfaces (10a). Component according to Claim 8,
characterized,
that the molded parts consist of a radially elastic sealing ring (110) that can be dented and a plug (112) that can be inserted into it. Component, in particular according to claim 1,
characterized,
that the insulating body (4) has drainage channels (12, 13, 14). Component according to Claim 12,
characterized,
that the drainage channels (12, 13, 14) start from the recesses (4a) and run to the lower end of the insulating body (4). Component according to Claim 12,
characterized,
that the drainage channels (12, 13, 14) are connected to a further manifold. Component according to Claims 8 and 12,
characterized,
that the molded parts (10, 110, 112) have recesses (10d, 110b) in the area of the drainage channels (12, 13). Component according to Claim 8,
characterized,
that the molded parts (10) are undersized compared to the recesses (4a) and that they are jammed in the recesses locally by the concrete sludge carried along when the molded part (10) is inserted. Component according to Claim 1,
characterized,
that the projecting hollow body plate (1 or 2) from its cavities (1a) has downward drain holes. Component according to Claim 1,
characterized,
that the insulating body (4) has a lower height than the adjacent hollow body plates (1, 2). Component according to Claim 1,
characterized,
that the insulating body (4) has fire protection plates (44, 45) at least at the bottom, preferably also at the top. Component according to Claim 19,
characterized,
that the lower fire protection plate (45) is thicker than the upper (44), in particular the lower fire protection plate about 15 mm to 25 mm, the upper is about 5 mm to 10 mm thick. Component according to Claim 19,
characterized,
that the upper fire protection plate (44) is wider than the insulating body (4) and extends on both sides into the adjacent hollow body plates (1, 2). Component according to Claim 19,
characterized,
that the insulating body (4), including its fire protection plates (44, 45), has a lower height, in particular approximately 3 to 6 mm less, than the adjacent hollow body plates (1, 2).

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