EP0603517B1 - Brickwork for a lintel, with reinforcements and hanging device for the same - Google Patents

Brickwork for a lintel, with reinforcements and hanging device for the same Download PDF

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Publication number
EP0603517B1
EP0603517B1 EP19930117976 EP93117976A EP0603517B1 EP 0603517 B1 EP0603517 B1 EP 0603517B1 EP 19930117976 EP19930117976 EP 19930117976 EP 93117976 A EP93117976 A EP 93117976A EP 0603517 B1 EP0603517 B1 EP 0603517B1
Authority
EP
European Patent Office
Prior art keywords
brickwork
reinforcement
main bars
mortar
lintel
Prior art date
Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
Expired - Lifetime
Application number
EP19930117976
Other languages
German (de)
French (fr)
Other versions
EP0603517A1 (en
Inventor
Jens Elmenhorst
Current Assignee (The listed assignees may be inaccurate. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation or warranty as to the accuracy of the list.)
ELMENHORST BAUSPEZIALARTIKEL GMBH & CO. KG
Original Assignee
Elmenhorst & Co GmbH
Priority date (The priority date is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the date listed.)
Filing date
Publication date
Priority claimed from DE9217654U external-priority patent/DE9217654U1/de
Priority claimed from DE9300258U external-priority patent/DE9300258U1/de
Priority claimed from DE9306276U external-priority patent/DE9306276U1/de
Application filed by Elmenhorst & Co GmbH filed Critical Elmenhorst & Co GmbH
Priority to EP96107627A priority Critical patent/EP0737786B1/en
Priority to EP96113715A priority patent/EP0745741B1/en
Publication of EP0603517A1 publication Critical patent/EP0603517A1/en
Application granted granted Critical
Publication of EP0603517B1 publication Critical patent/EP0603517B1/en
Anticipated expiration legal-status Critical
Expired - Lifetime legal-status Critical Current

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Classifications

    • E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
    • E04—BUILDING
    • E04B—GENERAL BUILDING CONSTRUCTIONS; WALLS, e.g. PARTITIONS; ROOFS; FLOORS; CEILINGS; INSULATION OR OTHER PROTECTION OF BUILDINGS
    • E04B1/00—Constructions in general; Structures which are not restricted either to walls, e.g. partitions, or floors or ceilings or roofs
    • E04B1/62—Insulation or other protection; Elements or use of specified material therefor
    • E04B1/70—Drying or keeping dry, e.g. by air vents
    • E04B1/7038—Evacuating water from cavity walls, e.g. by using weep holes
    • E04B1/7046—Evacuating water from cavity walls, e.g. by using weep holes using trays
    • E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
    • E04—BUILDING
    • E04B—GENERAL BUILDING CONSTRUCTIONS; WALLS, e.g. PARTITIONS; ROOFS; FLOORS; CEILINGS; INSULATION OR OTHER PROTECTION OF BUILDINGS
    • E04B1/00—Constructions in general; Structures which are not restricted either to walls, e.g. partitions, or floors or ceilings or roofs
    • E04B1/38—Connections for building structures in general
    • E04B1/41—Connecting devices specially adapted for embedding in concrete or masonry
    • E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
    • E04—BUILDING
    • E04B—GENERAL BUILDING CONSTRUCTIONS; WALLS, e.g. PARTITIONS; ROOFS; FLOORS; CEILINGS; INSULATION OR OTHER PROTECTION OF BUILDINGS
    • E04B1/00—Constructions in general; Structures which are not restricted either to walls, e.g. partitions, or floors or ceilings or roofs
    • E04B1/38—Connections for building structures in general
    • E04B1/41—Connecting devices specially adapted for embedding in concrete or masonry
    • E04B1/4178—Masonry wall ties
    • E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
    • E04—BUILDING
    • E04B—GENERAL BUILDING CONSTRUCTIONS; WALLS, e.g. PARTITIONS; ROOFS; FLOORS; CEILINGS; INSULATION OR OTHER PROTECTION OF BUILDINGS
    • E04B2/00—Walls, e.g. partitions, for buildings; Wall construction with regard to insulation; Connections specially adapted to walls
    • E04B2/02—Walls, e.g. partitions, for buildings; Wall construction with regard to insulation; Connections specially adapted to walls built-up from layers of building elements
    • E04B2/04—Walls having neither cavities between, nor in, the solid elements
    • E04B2/06—Walls having neither cavities between, nor in, the solid elements using elements having specially-designed means for stabilising the position
    • E04B2/10—Walls having neither cavities between, nor in, the solid elements using elements having specially-designed means for stabilising the position by filling material with or without reinforcements in small channels in, or in grooves between, the elements
    • E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
    • E04—BUILDING
    • E04C—STRUCTURAL ELEMENTS; BUILDING MATERIALS
    • E04C3/00—Structural elongated elements designed for load-supporting
    • E04C3/02—Joists; Girders, trusses, or trusslike structures, e.g. prefabricated; Lintels; Transoms; Braces
    • E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
    • E04—BUILDING
    • E04C—STRUCTURAL ELEMENTS; BUILDING MATERIALS
    • E04C5/00—Reinforcing elements, e.g. for concrete; Auxiliary elements therefor
    • E04C5/01—Reinforcing elements of metal, e.g. with non-structural coatings
    • E04C5/02—Reinforcing elements of metal, e.g. with non-structural coatings of low bending resistance
    • E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
    • E04—BUILDING
    • E04C—STRUCTURAL ELEMENTS; BUILDING MATERIALS
    • E04C5/00—Reinforcing elements, e.g. for concrete; Auxiliary elements therefor
    • E04C5/01—Reinforcing elements of metal, e.g. with non-structural coatings
    • E04C5/06—Reinforcing elements of metal, e.g. with non-structural coatings of high bending resistance, i.e. of essentially three-dimensional extent, e.g. lattice girders
    • E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
    • E04—BUILDING
    • E04C—STRUCTURAL ELEMENTS; BUILDING MATERIALS
    • E04C5/00—Reinforcing elements, e.g. for concrete; Auxiliary elements therefor
    • E04C5/01—Reinforcing elements of metal, e.g. with non-structural coatings
    • E04C5/06—Reinforcing elements of metal, e.g. with non-structural coatings of high bending resistance, i.e. of essentially three-dimensional extent, e.g. lattice girders
    • E04C5/0604—Prismatic or cylindrical reinforcement cages composed of longitudinal bars and open or closed stirrup rods
    • E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
    • E04—BUILDING
    • E04C—STRUCTURAL ELEMENTS; BUILDING MATERIALS
    • E04C3/00—Structural elongated elements designed for load-supporting
    • E04C3/02—Joists; Girders, trusses, or trusslike structures, e.g. prefabricated; Lintels; Transoms; Braces
    • E04C2003/023—Lintels

Definitions

  • the invention relates to masonry as a lintel with runner layers and with an underlying runner or roll layer as well as with masonry reinforcement embedded in the horizontal joints in the masonry mortar, the pressure-bearing stones of the runner layer above the to produce a bond between pressure and / or tensile zones of the veneer lintel Masonry reinforcement form an anchoring system that stops the stones placed underneath the masonry reinforcement, the reinforcement consisting of a supporting element embedded in the horizontal mortar or cement / mortar bed of the longitudinal joint for the vertical joints between the mortar or cement / mortar bed Stones embedded bracket exists.
  • Masonry reinforcements are used for large-area walls, over window and door openings (as lintel reinforcement), for non-load-bearing partitions on sagging ceilings, in gable masonry and in mixed masonry. In general, it serves to compensate for the setting behavior of masonry wedges. Shrinkage and swelling processes can create tensile or compressive stresses that exceed the elasticity of the masonry. Unless this can or should not be remedied by expansion joints, steel grids are embedded in bed joints (horizontal longitudinal joints) in the mortar bed, which usually consist of parallel longitudinal bars with other steel elements connecting them.
  • runner layer In the case of facing lintel reinforcement, there is a so-called runner layer, these are bricks in which the long side runs parallel to the wall alignment in the bricked-up state, a rolling layer in front of which the bricks are on the narrow side.
  • tensile and compressive forces occur, in which the bricks are moved apart at their underlying edges, the upper masonry edges being pressed towards one another and the lower edges being pushed apart in the underlying roll layer. This results in a force that is conducted into the load-bearing layer, which is to be absorbed via tensile reinforcement.
  • the reinforcement consists of a metal band embedded in the horizontal mortar bed of the longitudinal joint above the runner layer or of at least one longitudinal bar and of brackets placed on the metal band or the longitudinal bar, with their free ends in the mortar bed of the vertical joints of the runner layer below the reinforcement are led.
  • the web connecting the two legs of each bracket has a length that corresponds to the width of the metal tape or the total width of the longitudinal bars. For this reason, it is necessary to keep several bracket sizes in stock in order to match the widths of the metal strips used or to have brackets dimensioned appropriately for the width of two longitudinal bars, because lateral bending of the bracket legs in order to be able to adapt the brackets to different widths of the metal strip or the spacing of two longitudinal bars is not possible, since the width of the bracket webs means that the widths required for the metal strips are specified.
  • the legs of the bracket extending into the mortar bed of the vertical joints of the runner layer do not guarantee a firm hold in the mortar bed, since the runner layer in the area of e.g. a window opening, which forms the lintel lintel, is subject to tensile forces and the hardened mortar bed itself does not provide any additional anchoring for forms the temple.
  • EP-A-0 340 840 describes a reinforcement system for a wall made of masonry with a horizontal reinforcement to be inserted into the mortar bed, wherein vertical reinforcement elements are provided, which are inserted into vertical recesses or openings in the masonry stones, the height or the length the vertical reinforcement corresponds approximately to the height of at least two stacked bricks.
  • the vertical reinforcements are arranged on the horizontal reinforcement in at least one vertical direction and are firmly connected to it.
  • the known reinforcement device cannot be used as masonry reinforcement with a static load-bearing effect in the lintel area for facing lintels and with wire brackets that can be connected or suspended with the reinforcement and are open at the top for the production of statically cantilever systems, such as facing lintels.
  • a device for receiving a prefabricated beam for covering openings on a masonry consists of a lintel which has a stone-like load-bearing core with inserted reinforcing bars, but which are not embedded in a horizontally running mortar bed and which are not are in operative connection with brackets lying in vertical mortar beds.
  • the pressure-bearing stones of the runner layer above the reinforcement form an anchoring system that stops the stones of the rolling layer underneath the reinforcement, with the reinforcement consisting of parallel and horizontal ones
  • Longitudinal joint above the runner or roll layer consists of longitudinal bars and of arched brackets, which are arranged perpendicularly to it and extend into the runner layer and the roll layer, the bow led into the runner layer of the facing lintel extending into the adjacent, parallel to the longitudinal joint Spread mortar or cement / mortar joint.
  • the reinforcement stirrups are perpendicular to the joint plane or the plane in which the parallel longitudinal bars lie.
  • this reinforcement is that the tensile and compressive forces that occur are routed more evenly into the masonry.
  • the facing lintels or the grenadiers
  • the load is connected across the first layer, with the upper stones under tension.
  • each temple end will preferably end on one of the longitudinal bars.
  • the stirrups are substantially U-shaped, which means that they can be used in an excellent manner for vertical joints in both runner layers and in roll layers and create the largest possible surface area between the steel reinforcement elements and the mortar.
  • the brackets themselves are made of flat or round steel.
  • stirrups can be releasably clamped to the longitudinal bars, there is the further advantage that the stirrups can be arranged at any distance from one another and at any desired location. In this way, an individual reinforcement can be created, which is adapted to the actually occurring compressive and tensile forces or stresses.
  • temple ends are hook-shaped, preferably in such a way that the curvature of the hook-shaped end is matched to the longitudinal rod diameter. This ensures that the brackets can be easily hung at predetermined locations.
  • a further improvement with regard to the stabilization of the position of the brackets relative to the longitudinal bars results if the brackets are clamped onto the longitudinal bars under a prestress and / or the hook-shaped ends of the brackets can be clamped onto the longitudinal bars by means of a snap lock.
  • a different length of the bracket or the free leg of the U-profile creates the possibility that, for example, different lengths up and down Bracket can be used.
  • a stirrup reaching into the runner layer can possibly also have a longer dimension, the stirrup section protruding from the runner layer then simply being bent or folded over.
  • the base piece of the U-shaped bracket is preferably shorter than the distance between the parallel longitudinal bars.
  • At least part of the stirrups preferably extends into the adjacent mortar or cement / mortar joint lying parallel to the longitudinal joint. This means a length of the bracket that corresponds to the height of a stone plus the joint width.
  • the longitudinal bars consist of ribbed steel bars, which, according to a further embodiment of the invention, are connected to one another by transverse bars.
  • the cross bars can preferably be arranged at an equististant distance from one another.
  • lintel waterproofing membranes are provided, which are integrated at one end in the mortar or cement / mortar bed and which consist of a film, the end section of which extends in the longitudinal direction of the film web is provided with a connection profile in order to ensure secure anchoring in the mortar bed of the joint between to reach two runners.
  • This connection profile is used to hold plastic films as lintel waterproofing membranes that drain the water behind the facade, for example above the windows.
  • the film is integrated in the grout, for a better one Achieve bond with the mortar.
  • the structure of the facing lintel is therefore not cut by the film.
  • the other free end of the plastic film which is preferably embedded in a loop, is connected to the lintel lintel elements mechanically or by gluing.
  • brackets can be at least partially plastic-coated, for example to avoid corrosive attacks.
  • Ribbed steel bars are preferably used for the longitudinal and / or transverse bars.
  • the longitudinal and / or transverse bars can be made of flat steel. Regardless of the shape of the parts mentioned, they can be at least partially plastic-coated in order to achieve corrosion protection.
  • the masonry reinforcement 100 that can be built into a lintel 200 designed as a finished component consists of parallel longitudinal bars 10 and 11, which are connected by transverse bars 12 arranged equidistantly here at a distance a.
  • the longitudinal bars 10 and 11 have a diameter d of, for example, 4 mm. This diameter corresponds to the diameter of the arcuate bracket 13 and the cross bars 12, so that one and the same starting material can be accessed. However, the diameters can also be selected to be of different sizes.
  • the brackets 13 are perpendicular to the plane determined by the longitudinal and transverse bars 10 to 12 and have different heights h, depending on whether they are used as an independent component for the grenadiers, ie for the roll layer, or for the runner layer of the lintel lintel should (Fig.1).
  • the distance between the longitudinal bars b also determines the distance between the free legs of the substantially U-shaped profile, the bracket ends 14 being hook-shaped so that they can be pushed over the longitudinal bars or can be snapped into place there. If necessary, the bracket can also under Stand bias.
  • the temple ends each engage the opposite inner sides of the longitudinal bars 10, 11.
  • the reinforcement 100 consisting of the longitudinal bars 10, 11 and the brackets need not be designed in the form of a lattice. It is also possible to use two single bars that are bent and anchored in the support area of the facing lintel in the side masonry.
  • FIG. 1 and 3 show typical facing lintels with runners 15 and grenadiers 16.
  • the pair of longitudinal bars 10, 11 are embedded in a mortar layer 17 which lies between the grenadiers 16 and the runners 15 lying above them.
  • the film 20 serves as a lintel sealing membrane and drains the water behind the facade above the windows.
  • the free end of the film 21 is mechanically on the Ceiling attached or glued.
  • the length e of a grenadier 16 is greater than the height h of a bracket 13, while the shorter clamping bracket projecting upwards can also have a height which is greater than the height of the narrow side of a runner.
  • connection profile for anchoring the film 20 can be designed in various ways.
  • the task of the connection profiling is to anchor the film 20 in the mortar of the joint 18, the film 20 only engaging with a short section in the mortar of the joint 18 in order not to impair the bond between the two runner layers.
  • connection profile consists of an angle profile 19, which is connected with one leg to the film 20, while the other leg engages in the mortar of the joint 18.
  • the angle profile 19, which can also be provided with a perforation, consists of plastic or another corrosion-resistant material.
  • the end of the film 20 can be connected to a round rod 121 which runs in the film longitudinal direction and is connected to the film 20 in the film end section 20a (FIG. 4).
  • the round rod 121 which can also have a different cross-sectional profile, is through a loop 20b formed on the film end section 20a pushed through, which is obtained by double-layering of the film end section 20a, it being possible for the area of the double layer to be provided with spaced-apart recesses 20c for easier insertion of the round rod 121 into the loop 20b or into the space between the two film strip sections lying one above the other (FIG. 5) .
  • the round rod 121 is placed on the film end section 20a and glued or welded to the film, the round rod being made of plastic or a suitable corrosion-resistant material.
  • the end section 20a of the film 20 is provided with a perforation 222.
  • the foil itself consists of plastic or another suitable foil-like material, it also being possible to use metal foil. Sandwich films made of a plastic film and a metal film can also be used.
  • a blank 223 made of a fabric or a nonwoven can be placed on the film end section 20a according to FIG. 8, this blank 223 being glued or welded to the film 20.
  • FIG. 9 it is also possible to connect a cut 223a made of a woven or nonwoven fabric to the end section 20a of the film 20 and to connect it to the film 20, this cut 223a then being anchored in the mortar of the joint 18 when the lintel membrane is attached .
  • Wide-mesh fabrics and coarsely structured nonwovens are advantageously used in order to achieve a good bond with the mortar of the joint 18.
  • the masonry reinforcement 100 consists of two longitudinal bars 110, 111 and cross bars 112 which are arranged parallel to one another and which connect the longitudinal bars to one another by an equidistant distance a (FIG. 12).
  • Longitudinal bars 110, 111 and transverse bars 112 have the same diameter b, these transverse bars 112 also having a spacer function in order to hold the longitudinal bars 110, 111 of the reinforcement 100 in the middle of the mortar bed.
  • An end bearing plate 113 (FIGS. 10 and 11) is arranged on the end of the masonry reinforcement 100 (FIGS. 10 and 11), which is welded on and has a length which corresponds approximately to the distance between the longitudinal bars 110 and 111.
  • the protrusion is so large that the weld seam 114 offers sufficient hold.
  • FIG. 12 shows (while omitting the end bearing plate 113) an angle profile anchor 150, the installation of which can be seen in more detail in FIG. 13.
  • This angle profile anchor 150 serves to shorten the embedment depth of the masonry reinforcement 100 in the masonry.
  • the angle profile anchor 150 consists of a first vertical leg 151, which is provided with two vertical longitudinal slots 152 and 153, which are used to receive the two longitudinal bars 110 and 111 serve the masonry reinforcement 100.
  • the length of the longitudinal slots 152, 153 corresponds to the height of the leg 151.
  • the leg 151 is adjoined by the horizontally lying web plate 154, which merges at a right angle into a second leg 155, which is directed downward and runs parallel to the said first leg 151.
  • the two legs 151, 155 of the angle profile anchor 150 extend in opposite directions and, like the web plate 154, have the same lengths and preferably the same widths.
  • the second leg 155 is provided with a bore 156 so that it can be additionally anchored in the masonry by means of a mechanical connection, such as a bolt 157, for example.
  • the angle profile anchor 150 is placed from below onto the longitudinal bars 110, 111 of the masonry reinforcement 100, so that the longitudinal bars 110, 111 slide in the longitudinal slots 152, 153 of the leg 151 of the angle profile anchor until the longitudinal bars 110, 111 rest on the web plate 154.
  • the angular profile anchor 150 is then shifted on the longitudinal bars 110, 111 until it abuts a cross bar 112 of the masonry reinforcement 100 in the direction of the arrow X (FIG. 12).
  • the upward leg 151 then engages in the joint 115 'between two runners 115 of a runner layer, while the downward leg 155 engages in the joint 116'a between two stones 116a of the masonry that laterally delimits the grenadier layer.
  • Both legs 151, 155 are mortared in the joints.
  • An additional anchoring takes place in the masonry by means of a bolt 157, the bolt 157 being guided through the opening 156 in the leg 155 of the angle profile anchor 150 (Fig.13). This is secured by the last suspended bricks, the angled leg 155 being supported on the crossbar 112 of the masonry reinforcement 100.
  • the vertical plate 151 of the angle profile anchor 150 is so large that high pressures can be absorbed.
  • the support plate 154 of the angle profile anchor 150 rests on a cross bar 112 or the end support plate 113 of the reinforcement.
  • the possible height adjustment of the end anchoring device allows the load to be shifted into the lintel lintel.
  • the anchoring can also be used in a staggered arrangement between two runner layers 130 and 131 and between the runner layer 130 and the layer of grenadiers 116.
  • the respective reinforcement is labeled 100 or 100 '.
  • the device according to the invention is characterized in that it can be used as a modular system is. It is highly economical, requires little steel, has a high degree of flexibility and great adaptability, in particular due to the removable part 150 and the connectivity of the individual masonry reinforcements.
  • both reinforcements 100, 100 ' can be arranged one above the other in order to obtain a greater load-bearing capacity of the reinforced masonry.
  • Both a single reinforcement bar and a reinforcement element can be arranged over the first rotor layer.
  • the composite is formed by interlinking elements, e.g. in the form of clamping brackets 213, which engage in the longitudinal reinforcement bars arranged above and / or below the reinforcement element. These clamps capture both reinforcement layers. By linking these reinforcements in any way, very stable systems can be achieved.
  • clamping bracket 213 it is also possible to use a plate-shaped body which is provided on both sides with engagement elements for engaging in the longitudinal bars of the reinforcements, these engagement elements being designed to be resilient and elastic in order to achieve a corresponding clamping effect.
  • the clamping bracket 213 can also have an H profile 213b.
  • the built-in masonry reinforcement 100 "consists of parallel longitudinal bars 110, 111 which are connected by transverse bars 112 arranged equidistantly therefrom at a distance a.
  • the longitudinal bars 110 or 111 have a diameter of 4 mm, for example. This diameter corresponds to the diameter of the arcuate bracket 313 and the cross bars 112, so that one and the same starting material can be accessed. However, the diameters can also be selected to be of different sizes.
  • the brackets 313 are perpendicular to the plane determined by the longitudinal and transverse bars 110 to 112 and have different heights depending on whether they are to be used as an independent component for the grenadiers, ie for the roll layer, or for the runner layer of a facing lintel.
  • the distance between the longitudinal bars also determines the distance between the free legs of the substantially U-shaped profile, the temple ends 314 being hook-shaped so that they can be pushed over the longitudinal bars or can be snapped into place. If necessary, the brackets can also be under tension. In the present case, the temple ends each engage the opposite inner sides of the longitudinal bars 110, 111.
  • the carrying behavior of the system can easily be changed by increasing or decreasing the number of brackets 120. Any length of the threaded rod 119 can be changed as required, and existing anchor points, such as anchor channels, can be easily and inexpensively reached in the concrete at various positions.

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  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Architecture (AREA)
  • Civil Engineering (AREA)
  • Structural Engineering (AREA)
  • Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
  • Electromagnetism (AREA)
  • Reinforcement Elements For Buildings (AREA)
  • Retaining Walls (AREA)
  • Joining Of Building Structures In Genera (AREA)

Description

Die Erfindung betrifft ein Mauerwerk als Verblendsturz mit Läuferschichten und mit einer darunterliegenden Läuferoder Rollschicht sowie mit einer in die horizontalen Fugen im Mauermörtel eingebetteten Mauerwerkbewehrung, wobei zur Herstellung eines Verbundes zwischen Druck- und/ oder Zugzonen des Verblendsturzes die auf Druck tragenden Steine der Läuferschicht über der Mauerwerkbewehrung ein Verankerungssystem bilden, das die unterhalb der Mauerwerkbewehrung angebrachten Steine zum Halten bringt, wobei die Bewehrung aus einem im horizontal verlaufenden Mörtel- oder Zement-/Mörtelbett der Längsfuge eingebetteten Tragelement für in das Mörtel- oder Zement-/Mörtelbett der vertikalen Fugen zwischen den Steinen eingebettete Bügel besteht.The invention relates to masonry as a lintel with runner layers and with an underlying runner or roll layer as well as with masonry reinforcement embedded in the horizontal joints in the masonry mortar, the pressure-bearing stones of the runner layer above the to produce a bond between pressure and / or tensile zones of the veneer lintel Masonry reinforcement form an anchoring system that stops the stones placed underneath the masonry reinforcement, the reinforcement consisting of a supporting element embedded in the horizontal mortar or cement / mortar bed of the longitudinal joint for the vertical joints between the mortar or cement / mortar bed Stones embedded bracket exists.

Mauerwerkbewehrungen finden Anwendung bei großflächigen Wänden, über Fenster- und Türöffnungen (als Verblendsturzbewehrung), bei nicht tragenden Zwischenwänden auf sich durchbiegenden Decken, im Giebelmauerwerk sowie im Mischmauerwerk. Allgemein dient es dazu, das Setzverhalten von Mauerwerkskeilen aufzufangen. Durch Schwindungs- und Quellprozesse können Zug- oder Druckspannungen entstehen, welche die Elastizität des Mauerwerks überschreiten. Soweit hier nicht Abhilfe durch Dehnungsfugen geschaffen werden kann oder soll, werden in Lagerfugen (horizontale Längsfugen) in das Mörtelbett Stahlraster eingebettet, die meist aus parallelen Längsstäben mit diese verbindenden weiteren Stahlelementen bestehen.Masonry reinforcements are used for large-area walls, over window and door openings (as lintel reinforcement), for non-load-bearing partitions on sagging ceilings, in gable masonry and in mixed masonry. In general, it serves to compensate for the setting behavior of masonry wedges. Shrinkage and swelling processes can create tensile or compressive stresses that exceed the elasticity of the masonry. Unless this can or should not be remedied by expansion joints, steel grids are embedded in bed joints (horizontal longitudinal joints) in the mortar bed, which usually consist of parallel longitudinal bars with other steel elements connecting them.

Bei Verblendsturzbewehrungen liegt neben einer sog. Läuferschicht, das sind Mauersteine, bei denen im vermauerten Zustand die Längsseite parallel zur Mauerflucht läuft, noch eine Rollschicht vor, bei der die Mauersteine auf der Schmalseite stehen. In solchen aus Rollschicht und Läuferschicht bestehenden Mauerwerken treten Zug- und Druckkräfte auf, bei denen die Mauersteine an ihren untenliegenden Kanten auseinanderbewegt werden, wobei in der darunterliegenden Rollschicht die oberen Mauersteinkanten aufeinander zugedrückt und die unteren Kanten auseinandergeschoben werden. Hieraus resultiert eine in die tragende Schicht geleitete Kraft, die über eine Zugbewehrung aufzunehmen ist.In the case of facing lintel reinforcement, there is a so-called runner layer, these are bricks in which the long side runs parallel to the wall alignment in the bricked-up state, a rolling layer in front of which the bricks are on the narrow side. In such masonry consisting of roll and runner layers, tensile and compressive forces occur, in which the bricks are moved apart at their underlying edges, the upper masonry edges being pressed towards one another and the lower edges being pushed apart in the underlying roll layer. This results in a force that is conducted into the load-bearing layer, which is to be absorbed via tensile reinforcement.

Durch die US-A-2,361,828 ist ein Mauerwerk mit einer eingebetteten Bewehrung bekannt, wobei zur Herstellung eines Verbundes zwischen Druck- und/oder Zugzonen des Verblendsturzes die auf Druck tragenden Steine der Läuferschicht über der Bewehrung ein Verankerungssystem bilden, das die unterhalb der Bewehrung angebrachten Steine einer Läuferschicht zum Halten bringt. Die Bewehrung besteht dabei aus einem im horizontal verlaufenden Mörtelbett der Längsfuge oberhalb der Läuferschicht eingebetteten Metallband oder aus mindestens einem Längsstab und aus auf das Metallband oder den Längsstab aufgesetzten Bügeln, die mit ihren freien Enden in das Mörtelbett der vertikalen Fugen der unterhalb der Bewehrung liegenden Läuferschicht geführt sind. Besteht die Bewehrung aus einem Metallband oder zwei oder drei Längsstäben, dann weist der die beiden Schenkel eines jeden Bügels verbindende Steg eine Länge auf, die der Breite des Metallbandes oder der Gesamtweite der Längsstäbe entspricht. Aus diesem Grunde ist es erforderlich, mehrere Bügelgrößen vorrätig zu halten, um für die Breiten der verwendeten Metallbänder oder den Weiten zweier Längsstäbe entsprechend bemessene Bügel zur Verfügung zu haben, denn ein seitliches Ausbiegen der Bügelschenkel, um die Bügel unterschiedlichen Breiten des Metallbandes oder dem Abstand zweier Längsstäbe anpassen zu können, ist nicht möglich, da durch die Bügelsteglänge die für die Metallbänder erforderlichen Breiten vorgegeben sind. Außerdem wird durch die sich in das Mörtelbett der vertikalen Fugen der Läuferschicht erstreckenden Schenkel der Bügel kein fester Halt im Mörtelbett gewährleistet, da die im Bereich z.B. einer Fensterdurchbrechung liegende Läuferschicht, die den Verblendsturz bildet, Zugkräften unterliegt und das erhärtete Mörtelbett selbst keine zusätzliche Verankerung für die Bügel bildet.From US-A-2,361,828 a masonry with an embedded reinforcement is known, the pressure-bearing stones of the runner layer above the reinforcement forming an anchoring system for producing a bond between the pressure and / or tension zones of the facing lintel, which form the anchoring system attached below the reinforcement Brings stones of a runner layer to stop. The reinforcement consists of a metal band embedded in the horizontal mortar bed of the longitudinal joint above the runner layer or of at least one longitudinal bar and of brackets placed on the metal band or the longitudinal bar, with their free ends in the mortar bed of the vertical joints of the runner layer below the reinforcement are led. If the reinforcement consists of a metal strip or two or three longitudinal bars, the web connecting the two legs of each bracket has a length that corresponds to the width of the metal tape or the total width of the longitudinal bars. For this reason, it is necessary to keep several bracket sizes in stock in order to match the widths of the metal strips used or to have brackets dimensioned appropriately for the width of two longitudinal bars, because lateral bending of the bracket legs in order to be able to adapt the brackets to different widths of the metal strip or the spacing of two longitudinal bars is not possible, since the width of the bracket webs means that the widths required for the metal strips are specified. In addition, the legs of the bracket extending into the mortar bed of the vertical joints of the runner layer do not guarantee a firm hold in the mortar bed, since the runner layer in the area of e.g. a window opening, which forms the lintel lintel, is subject to tensile forces and the hardened mortar bed itself does not provide any additional anchoring for forms the temple.

Die EP-A-0 340 840 beschreibt ein Armierungssystem für eine Wand aus einem Mauerwerk mit einer in das Mörtelbett einzusetzenden Horizontalarmierung, wobei vertikale Armierungselemente vorgesehen sind, die in vertikale Vertiefungen oder Durchbrechungen in den Mauersteinen eingeführt sind, wobei die Höhe bzw. die Länge der vertikalen Armierungen etwa der Höhe von mindestens zwei übereinanderliegenden Mauersteinen entspricht. Außerdem sind die vertikalen Armierungen in mindestens einer Vertikalrichtung auf der Horizontalarmierung angeordnet und mit dieser fest verbunden. Mit dieser Armierungsvorrichtung soll es einfach sein, eine Wand aus einem Mauerwerk zu schaffen, die es ermöglicht, horizontal und vertikal armiertes Mauerwerk manuell zu errichten, ohne praktisch von den herkömmlichen Maurerverfahren abzuweichen. Diese Armierungsvorrichtung ist nur dort einsetzbar, wo ein Mauerwerk aus Lochsteinen hergestellt werden soll. Da außerdem die vertikalen Armierungen in Form von geschlossenen Bügeln fest mit der horizontalen Armierung verbunden sind, besteht keine Möglichkeit, durch Verschieben der vertikalen Armierungen diese Mauerfugenabstände unterschiedlichen Abmessungen anzupassen.EP-A-0 340 840 describes a reinforcement system for a wall made of masonry with a horizontal reinforcement to be inserted into the mortar bed, wherein vertical reinforcement elements are provided, which are inserted into vertical recesses or openings in the masonry stones, the height or the length the vertical reinforcement corresponds approximately to the height of at least two stacked bricks. In addition, the vertical reinforcements are arranged on the horizontal reinforcement in at least one vertical direction and are firmly connected to it. With this reinforcement device, it should be easy to create a wall out of masonry, which makes it possible to erect horizontally and vertically reinforced masonry manually without practically deviating from the conventional masonry methods. This reinforcement device can only be used where masonry is to be made from perforated bricks. Since the vertical reinforcements in Form of closed brackets are firmly connected to the horizontal reinforcement, there is no possibility to adjust these wall joint distances to different dimensions by moving the vertical reinforcements.

Die bekannte Armierungsvorrichtung ist nicht einsetzbar als Mauerwerkbewehrung mit statisch tragender Wirkung im Sturzbereich für Verblendstürze und mit mit der Bewehrung verbindbaren bzw. eingehängten, oben offenen Drahtbügeln zur Herstellung von statisch frei tragenden Systemen, wie Verblendstürze.The known reinforcement device cannot be used as masonry reinforcement with a static load-bearing effect in the lintel area for facing lintels and with wire brackets that can be connected or suspended with the reinforcement and are open at the top for the production of statically cantilever systems, such as facing lintels.

Eine Vorrichtung zur Aufnahme eines Fertigbalkens zum Überdecken von Öffnungen an einem Mauerwerk besteht nach der DE-A-28 36 781 aus einem Sturz, der einen steinartigen tragenden Kern mit eingelegten Bewehrungsstäben aufweist, die jedoch nicht in ein horizontal verlaufendes Mörtelbett eingebettet sind und die nicht in Wirkverbindung mit in vertikalen Mörtelbetten liegenden Bügeln stehen.According to DE-A-28 36 781, a device for receiving a prefabricated beam for covering openings on a masonry consists of a lintel which has a stone-like load-bearing core with inserted reinforcing bars, but which are not embedded in a horizontally running mortar bed and which are not are in operative connection with brackets lying in vertical mortar beds.

Es ist Aufgabe der vorliegenden Erfindung, einen eingangs genannten Verblendsturz zu verbessern und ein Verbundsystem für einen gemauerten Sturz zwischen den Druck- und Zugzonen des Sturzes zu schaffen, das die auf Druck tragenden Steine über die Bewehrung ein Verankerungssystem aufnehmen, das die unter der Bewehrung angebrachten Steine zum Halten bringt, so daß eine bessere Verteilung der Druck- und Zugkräfte bei gleichzeitiger Vermeidung des Durchhängens des Mauerwerks in dem Verblendsturz erreicht wird. Ferner ist es Aufgabe der vorliegenden Erfindung, ein wirtschaftliches, universell einsetzbares Mauerwerkabfangsystem zu schaffen, das mit dem Mörtel des Mauerwerks verbindbar ist und das den unterschiedlichsten Belastungen anpaßbar ist, wobei gleichzeitig ein verbesserter Verbund erhalten werden soll.It is an object of the present invention to improve a facing lintel and to create a composite system for a brick lintel between the pressure and tension zones of the lintel, which the pressure-bearing stones receive via the reinforcement an anchoring system that the attached under the reinforcement Brings stones to hold, so that a better distribution of the compressive and tensile forces is achieved while avoiding sagging of the masonry in the facing lintel. Furthermore, it is an object of the present invention to provide an economical, universally usable masonry interception system that works with the mortar the masonry can be connected and can be adapted to a wide variety of loads, while an improved bond is to be obtained at the same time.

Diese Aufgabe wird durch das als Verblendsturz ausgebildete Mauerwerk mit den Merkmalen nach Anspruch 1 gelöst.This object is achieved by the masonry formed as a lintel with the features of claim 1.

Danach bilden zur Herstellung eines Verbundes zwischen Druck- und Zugzonen des Verbundsturzes die auf Druck tragenden Steine der Läuferschicht über der Bewehrung ein Verankerungssystem, das die unterhalb der Bewehrung angebrachten Steine der Rollschicht zum Halten bringt, wobei die Bewehrung aus parallel laufenden, in der horizontal verlaufenden Längsfuge oberhalb der Läufer- oder Rollschicht liegenden Längsstäben und aus senkrecht hierzu angeordneten, sich in die Läuferschicht und in die Rollschicht erstreckenden, oben offenen bogenförmigen Bügeln besteht,wobei sich die in die Läuferschicht des Verblendsturzes geführten Bügel bis in die benachbarte, parallel zur Längsfuge liegende Mörtel- oder Zement-/Mörtel-Fuge erstrecken. Die Bügel der Bewehrung, stehen senkrecht zur Fugenebene bzw. der Ebene, in der die parallel laufenden Längsstäbe liegen. Der besondere Vorteil dieser Bewehrung liegt darin, daß die auftretenden Zug- und Druckkräfte gleichmäßiger in das Mauerwerk geleitet werden, insbesondere wird ein Herausbrechen der Verblendstürze (bzw. der Grenadiere) aus dem Mauerwerk verhindert. Die Anbindung der Last erfolgt dabei über die erste Schicht hinweg, wobei die oberen Steine unter Spannung stehen.Then, to create a bond between the compression and tension zones of the composite lintel, the pressure-bearing stones of the runner layer above the reinforcement form an anchoring system that stops the stones of the rolling layer underneath the reinforcement, with the reinforcement consisting of parallel and horizontal ones Longitudinal joint above the runner or roll layer consists of longitudinal bars and of arched brackets, which are arranged perpendicularly to it and extend into the runner layer and the roll layer, the bow led into the runner layer of the facing lintel extending into the adjacent, parallel to the longitudinal joint Spread mortar or cement / mortar joint. The reinforcement stirrups are perpendicular to the joint plane or the plane in which the parallel longitudinal bars lie. The particular advantage of this reinforcement is that the tensile and compressive forces that occur are routed more evenly into the masonry. In particular, the facing lintels (or the grenadiers) are prevented from breaking out of the masonry. The load is connected across the first layer, with the upper stones under tension.

Weiterbildungen der Erfindung sind in den Unteransprüchen aufgeführt.Further developments of the invention are listed in the subclaims.

So wird vorzugsweise jedes Bügelende auf einem der Längsstäbe enden. Nach einer weiteren Ausgestaltung der Erfindung sind die Bügel im wesentlichen U-förmig, wodurch sie in hervorragender Weise für Vertikalfugen sowohl in Läuferschichten,als auch in Rollschichten einsetzbar sind und eine größtmögliche Verbundfläche zwischen den Stahl-Bewehrungselementen und dem Mörtel schaffen. Die Bügel selbst bestehen aus Flach- oder Rundstahl.Thus, each temple end will preferably end on one of the longitudinal bars. According to a further embodiment of the invention, the stirrups are substantially U-shaped, which means that they can be used in an excellent manner for vertical joints in both runner layers and in roll layers and create the largest possible surface area between the steel reinforcement elements and the mortar. The brackets themselves are made of flat or round steel.

Sind die Bügel lösbar an die Längsstäbe klemmbar, ergibt sich der weitere Vorteil, daß die Bügel in beliebigem Abstand voneinander sowie an beliebig gewünschtem Ort angeordnet werden können. Hierdurch läßt sich eine individuelle Bewehrung schaffen, die den tatsächlich auftretenden Druck- und Zugkräften bzw. -spannungen angepaßt ist.If the stirrups can be releasably clamped to the longitudinal bars, there is the further advantage that the stirrups can be arranged at any distance from one another and at any desired location. In this way, an individual reinforcement can be created, which is adapted to the actually occurring compressive and tensile forces or stresses.

Weitere Vorteile ergeben sich, wenn die Bügelenden hakenförmig ausgebildet sind, vorzugsweise derart, daß die Krümmung des hakenförmigen Endes auf den Längsstabdurchmesser abgestimmt ist. Hierdurch wird erreicht, daß die Bügel leicht an vorbestimmten Stellen eingehängt werden können. Eine weitere Verbesserung hinsichtlich der Lagestabilisierung der Bügel relativ zu den Längsstäben ergibt sich, wenn die Bügel unter einer Vorspannung auf die Längsstäbe geklemmt sind und/oder die hakenförmigen Enden der Bügel auf die Längsstäbe durch Rastverschluß klemmbar sind.Further advantages result when the temple ends are hook-shaped, preferably in such a way that the curvature of the hook-shaped end is matched to the longitudinal rod diameter. This ensures that the brackets can be easily hung at predetermined locations. A further improvement with regard to the stabilization of the position of the brackets relative to the longitudinal bars results if the brackets are clamped onto the longitudinal bars under a prestress and / or the hook-shaped ends of the brackets can be clamped onto the longitudinal bars by means of a snap lock.

Eine unterschiedliche Länge der Bügel bzw. der freien Schenkel des U-Profils schafft die Möglichkeit, daß beispielsweise nach oben und unten unterschiedlich lange Bügel eingesetzt werden. Ein in die Läuferschicht reichender Bügel kann ggf. auch länger bemessen sein, wobei der aus der Läuferschicht herausragende Bügelabschnitt dann einfach umgebogen bzw. umgelegt wird. Vorzugsweise ist das Basisstück des U-förmigen Bügels kürzer als der Abstand der parallel liegenden Längsstäbe.A different length of the bracket or the free leg of the U-profile creates the possibility that, for example, different lengths up and down Bracket can be used. A stirrup reaching into the runner layer can possibly also have a longer dimension, the stirrup section protruding from the runner layer then simply being bent or folded over. The base piece of the U-shaped bracket is preferably shorter than the distance between the parallel longitudinal bars.

Vorzugsweise erstreckt sich zumindest ein Teil der Bügel bis in die benachbarte, parallel zur Längsfuge liegende Mörtel- oder Zement-/Mörtel-Fuge. Hierunter ist eine Länge des Bügels zu verstehen, die der Höhe eines Steines zuzüglich der Fugenbreite entspricht.At least part of the stirrups preferably extends into the adjacent mortar or cement / mortar joint lying parallel to the longitudinal joint. This means a length of the bracket that corresponds to the height of a stone plus the joint width.

Zur besseren Verankerung bestehen die Längsstäbe aus gerippten Stahlstäben, wobei diese nach einer weiteren Ausbildung der Erfindung durch Querstäbe miteinander verbunden sind. Die Querstäbe können vorzugsweise in äquististantem Abstand voneinander angeordnet sein.For better anchoring, the longitudinal bars consist of ribbed steel bars, which, according to a further embodiment of the invention, are connected to one another by transverse bars. The cross bars can preferably be arranged at an equististant distance from one another.

Insbesondere in Verblendsturzen ist es häufig erforderlich, für eine besondere Abdichtung zu sorgen. Nach einer weiteren Ausgestaltung der Erfindung sind Sturzdichtungsbahnen vorgesehen, die einendseitig in das Mörtel- oder Zement-/Mörtelbett eingebunden sind und die aus einer Folie bestehen, deren in Folienbahnlängsrichtung verlaufender Endabschnitt mit einer Verbindungsprofilierung versehen ist, um eine sichere Verankerung im Mörtelbett der Fuge zwischen zwei Läuferschichten zu erreichen. Diese Verbindungsprofilierung dient zur Halterung von Kunststoffolien als Sturzdichtungsbahnen, die das Wasser hinter der Fassade, beispielsweise über den Fenstern, ableiten. Mittels dieser Verbindungsprofilierung ist die Folie im Fugenmörtel mit eingebunden, um einen besseren Verbund mit dem Mörtel zu erreichen. Das Traggefüge des Verblendsturzes wird durch die Folie somit nicht zerschnitten. Nach einer Ausgestaltung der Erfindung wird das andere freie Ende der vorzugsweise schlaufenförmig eingebetteten Kunststoffolie mit den Verblendsturzelementen mechanisch oder durch Kleben verbunden.It is often necessary to provide a special seal, especially in the case of facing falls. According to a further embodiment of the invention, lintel waterproofing membranes are provided, which are integrated at one end in the mortar or cement / mortar bed and which consist of a film, the end section of which extends in the longitudinal direction of the film web is provided with a connection profile in order to ensure secure anchoring in the mortar bed of the joint between to reach two runners. This connection profile is used to hold plastic films as lintel waterproofing membranes that drain the water behind the facade, for example above the windows. By means of this connection profiling, the film is integrated in the grout, for a better one Achieve bond with the mortar. The structure of the facing lintel is therefore not cut by the film. According to one embodiment of the invention, the other free end of the plastic film, which is preferably embedded in a loop, is connected to the lintel lintel elements mechanically or by gluing.

Bei Bedarf können die Bügel zumindest teilweise kunststoffummantelt sein, etwa zur Vermeidung von korrosiven Angriffen.If necessary, the brackets can be at least partially plastic-coated, for example to avoid corrosive attacks.

Bevorzugt werden für die Längs- und/oder Querstäbe gerippte Stahlstäbe verwendet. Alternativ hierzu können die Längs- und/oder Querstäbe aus Flachstahl bestehen. Gleichgültig welche Form die genannten Teile aufweisen, können sie zumindest teilweise kunststoffummantelt sein, um hierdurch einen Korrosionsschutz zu erzielen.Ribbed steel bars are preferably used for the longitudinal and / or transverse bars. Alternatively, the longitudinal and / or transverse bars can be made of flat steel. Regardless of the shape of the parts mentioned, they can be at least partially plastic-coated in order to achieve corrosion protection.

Ausführungsbeispiele der Erfindung sind in den Zeichnungen dargestellt. Es zeigen

  • Fig. 1 eine perspektivische teilgeschnittene Ansicht eines verblendsturzartig ausgebildeten Mauerwerks mit Bewehrung,
  • Fig. 2 eine perspektivische Ansicht der Mauerwerkbewehrung,
  • Fig. 3 einen Querschnitt durch einen Verbundsturz mit eingelassener Bewehrung und mit eingebauter Sturzdichtungsbahn aus einer Folie mit einem in die Mörtelfuge eingreifenden Endabschnitt mit einer Verbundprofilierung,
  • Fig. 4 einen Querschnitt durch einen Verbundsturz mit eingebauter Sturzdichtungsbahn aus einer Folie mit einer aus einem Rundstab bestehenden Verbundprofilierung,
  • Fig. 5 in einer Draufsicht den Endabschnitt der folienartigen Sturzdichtungsbahn mit einem schlaufenförmigen Endabschnitt mit einem eingeschobenen Rundstab als Verbundprofilierung,
  • Fig. 6 in einer Draufsicht den Endabschnitt der folienartigen Sturzdichtungsbahn mit aufgelegtem und mit der Folie verbundenem Rundstab als Verbundprofilierung,
  • Fig. 7 in einer Draufsicht den Endabschnitt der folienartigen Sturzdichtungsbahn mit einer aus einer Lochung bestehenden Verbundprofilierung,
  • Fig. 8 in einer Draufsicht den Endabschnitt der folienartigen Sturzdichtungsbahn mit einem auf die Folie aufgelegten und mit dieser verbundenen Gewebezuschnitt als Verbundprofilierung,
  • Fig. 9 in einer Draufsicht den Endabschnitt der folienartigen Sturzdichtungsbahn mit einem mit der Folie verbundenen Gewebezuschnitt als Verbundprofilierung,
  • Fig.10,11 Ausführungsbeispiele für die Kupplung zweier Mauerwerkbewehrungen,
  • Fig.12 eine Mauerwerkbewehrung mit einem eingesetzten Winkelanker in einer perspektivischen Ansicht,
  • Fig.13 eine Schnittansicht einer in einem Mauerwerk eingebauten Bewehrung nach Fig.12,
  • Fig.14 eine Schnittansicht zweier Bewehrungen, die zwischen zwei Läuferschichten bzw. einer Läuferschicht und einer Grenadierschicht eingebaut sind,
  • Fig.15 eine schaubildliche Ansicht zweier Mauerwerkbewehrungen mit die Bewehrungen miteinander verbindenden Bügeln, und
  • Fig.16 eine schaubildliche Ansicht einer Mauerwerkbewehrung mit eingehängten Bügeln.
Embodiments of the invention are shown in the drawings. Show it
  • 1 is a perspective partially sectioned view of a brick wall with reinforcement,
  • 2 is a perspective view of the masonry reinforcement,
  • 3 shows a cross section through a composite lintel with embedded reinforcement and with a built-in lintel sealing membrane made of a film with an end section engaging in the mortar joint with a composite profiling,
  • 4 shows a cross section through a composite lintel with a built-in lintel sealing membrane made of a film with a composite profile consisting of a round bar,
  • 5 shows a top view of the end section of the film-like lintel sealing membrane with a loop-shaped end section with an inserted round rod as composite profiling,
  • 6 shows a top view of the end section of the film-like lintel sealing membrane with a round bar placed thereon and connected to the film as composite profiling,
  • 7 is a plan view of the end section of the film-like lintel membrane with a composite profile consisting of a perforation,
  • 8 is a top view of the end section of the film-like lintel sealing membrane with a fabric cut placed on the film and connected to it as a composite profile,
  • 9 shows a top view of the end section of the film-like lintel sealing membrane with a fabric cut connected to the film as composite profiling,
  • 10, 11 exemplary embodiments for the coupling of two masonry reinforcements,
  • 12 shows a masonry reinforcement with an angled anchor inserted in a perspective view,
  • 13 shows a sectional view of a reinforcement according to FIG. 12 installed in a masonry,
  • 14 shows a sectional view of two reinforcements which are installed between two runner layers or a runner layer and a grenadier layer,
  • 15 is a perspective view of two masonry reinforcements with the brackets connecting the reinforcements, and
  • Fig. 16 is a perspective view of a masonry reinforcement with hangers.

Wie aus Fig. 2 ersichtlich, besteht die in einen als fertiges Bauelement ausgebildeten Verblendsturz 200 einbaubare Mauerwerkbewehrung 100 aus parallel laufenden Längsstäben 10 und 11 , die durch äquidistant hier im Abstand a angeordnete Querstäbe 12 verbunden sind. Die Längsstäbe 10 bzw. 11 besitzen einen Durchmesser d von beispielsweise 4 mm. Dieser Durchmesser entspricht dem Durchmesser der bogenförmigen Bügel 13 sowie der Querstäbe 12, so daß auf ein und dasselbe Ausgangsmaterial zugegriffen werden kann. Die Durchmesser können jedoch auch unterschiedlich groß gewählt werden. Die Bügel 13 liegen senkrecht zu der durch die Längs- und Querstäbe 10 bis 12 bestimmten Ebene und besitzen unterschiedliche Höhen h, je nachdem, ob sie für die Grenadiere, d.h. für die Rollschicht, oder für die Läuferschicht des Verblendsturzes 200 als selbständiges Bauelement eingesetzt werden sollen (Fig.1). Der Abstand der Längsstäbe b bestimmt auch den Abstand der freien Schenkel des im wesentlichen U-förmigen Profils, wobei die Bügelenden 14 hakenförmig ausgebildet sind, so daß sie über die Längsstäbe geschoben werden können bzw. dort eingerastet werden können. Gegebenenfalls können die Bügel auch noch unter Vorspannung stehen. Im vorliegenden Fall greifen die Bügelenden jeweils an den sich gegenüberliegenden Innenseiten der Längsstäbe 10,11 an. Die aus den Längsstäben 10,11 und den Bügeln bestehende Bewehrung 100 braucht nicht gitterförmig ausgebildet zu sein. Es können auch zwei Einzelstäbe verwendet werden, die im Auflagebereich des Verblendsturzes im seitlichen Mauerwerk abgeknickt und verankert sind.As can be seen from FIG. 2, the masonry reinforcement 100 that can be built into a lintel 200 designed as a finished component consists of parallel longitudinal bars 10 and 11, which are connected by transverse bars 12 arranged equidistantly here at a distance a. The longitudinal bars 10 and 11 have a diameter d of, for example, 4 mm. This diameter corresponds to the diameter of the arcuate bracket 13 and the cross bars 12, so that one and the same starting material can be accessed. However, the diameters can also be selected to be of different sizes. The brackets 13 are perpendicular to the plane determined by the longitudinal and transverse bars 10 to 12 and have different heights h, depending on whether they are used as an independent component for the grenadiers, ie for the roll layer, or for the runner layer of the lintel lintel should (Fig.1). The distance between the longitudinal bars b also determines the distance between the free legs of the substantially U-shaped profile, the bracket ends 14 being hook-shaped so that they can be pushed over the longitudinal bars or can be snapped into place there. If necessary, the bracket can also under Stand bias. In the present case, the temple ends each engage the opposite inner sides of the longitudinal bars 10, 11. The reinforcement 100 consisting of the longitudinal bars 10, 11 and the brackets need not be designed in the form of a lattice. It is also possible to use two single bars that are bent and anchored in the support area of the facing lintel in the side masonry.

Die Fig. 1 und 3 zeigen typische Verblendstürze mit Läufern 15 und Grenadieren 16. Das Paar von Längsstäben 10,11 ist in einer Mörtelschicht 17 eingebettet, die zwischen den Grenadieren 16 und den über ihr liegenden Läufern 15 liegt.1 and 3 show typical facing lintels with runners 15 and grenadiers 16. The pair of longitudinal bars 10, 11 are embedded in a mortar layer 17 which lies between the grenadiers 16 and the runners 15 lying above them.

In den vertikalen Fugen zwischen den Grenadieren 16 im Abstand c, also jeweils drei Grenadiere 16 begrenzend, liegen die nach unten ragenden längeren Bügel 13, während in die Vertikalfugen zwischen jedem Läuferstein nach oben stehende Bügel 13 ragen. Die nach oben ragenden Bügel 13 reichen bis in die nächstliegende Mörtelschicht 18 zwischen zwei Läufern, wo sie an eine Sturzdichtungsbahn aus einer Folie 20 angrenzen, die mit ihrem einen Endabschnitt in dem Mörtel der Fuge 18 zwischen zwei Läuferschichten eingebettet und vermittels einer Verbindungsprofilierung mit dem Mörtel der Fuge 18 durch Verankerung verbunden ist. Die Einbindung der Folie 20 in das Mörtelbett der Fuge erfolgt nur mit einem kurzen Folienendabschnitt, der bevorzugterweise eine Breite aufweist, die einem Drittel oder einem Viertel der Fugentiefe entspricht. Die Folie 20 dient als Sturzdichtungsbahn und leitet das Wasser hinter der Fassade über den Fenstern ab. Das freie Ende der Folie 21 ist mechanisch an der Decke befestigt oder geklebt. Wie insbesondere aus Fig.3 ersichtlich, ist die Länge e eines Grenadiers 16 größer als die Höhe h eines Bügels 13, während die nach oben ragenden kürzeren Klemmbügel auch eine Höhe haben können, die größer ist als die Höhe der Schmalseite eines Läufers.In the vertical joints between the grenadiers 16 at a distance c, thus delimiting three grenadiers 16 in each case, the longer stirrups 13 projecting downward, while stirrups 13 projecting upwards in the vertical joints between each runner block. The brackets 13 projecting upwards extend into the nearest mortar layer 18 between two runners, where they adjoin a lintel sealing membrane made of a film 20, which is embedded with its one end section in the mortar of the joint 18 between two runner layers and by means of a connection profile with the mortar the joint 18 is connected by anchoring. The film 20 is only integrated into the mortar bed of the joint with a short film end section which preferably has a width which corresponds to a third or a quarter of the joint depth. The film 20 serves as a lintel sealing membrane and drains the water behind the facade above the windows. The free end of the film 21 is mechanically on the Ceiling attached or glued. As can be seen in particular from FIG. 3, the length e of a grenadier 16 is greater than the height h of a bracket 13, while the shorter clamping bracket projecting upwards can also have a height which is greater than the height of the narrow side of a runner.

Durch die Verschiebbarkeit der Bügel auf den Längsstäben 10,11 ist keine Bindung an vorgegebene Fugen gegeben. Die Stoßfugen der Steine können beliebig angeordnet sein, da die Bügel auf die Lage der Stoßfugen ausrichtbar sind.Due to the displaceability of the stirrups on the longitudinal bars 10, 11, there is no binding to predetermined joints. The butt joints of the stones can be arranged as desired, since the brackets can be aligned with the position of the butt joints.

Diese Verbindungsprofilierung zur Verankerung der Folie 20 kann in verschiedenster Weise ausgebildet sein. Aufgabe der Verbindungsprofilierung ist es, die Folie 20 im Mörtel der Fuge 18 zu verankern, wobei die Folie 20 nur mit einem kurzen Abschnitt in den Mörtel der Fuge 18 eingreift, um den Verbund zwischen den beiden Läuferschichten nicht zu beeinträchtigen.This connection profile for anchoring the film 20 can be designed in various ways. The task of the connection profiling is to anchor the film 20 in the mortar of the joint 18, the film 20 only engaging with a short section in the mortar of the joint 18 in order not to impair the bond between the two runner layers.

Nach Fig. 3 besteht die Verbindungsprofilierung aus einem Winkelprofil 19, das mit seinem einen Schenkel mit der Folie 20 verbunden ist, während der andere Schenkel in den Mörtel der Fuge 18 eingreift. Das Winkelprofil 19, das auch mit einer Lochung versehen sein kann, besteht aus Kunststoff oder einem anderen korrosionsbeständigen Werkstoff.According to Fig. 3, the connection profile consists of an angle profile 19, which is connected with one leg to the film 20, while the other leg engages in the mortar of the joint 18. The angle profile 19, which can also be provided with a perforation, consists of plastic or another corrosion-resistant material.

Als Verbindungsprofilierung kann das Ende der Folie 20 mit einem in Folienlängsrichtung verlaufenden Rundstab 121 verbunden sein, der im Folienendabschnitt 20a mit der Folie 20 verbunden ist (Fig.4). Der Rundstab 121, der auch ein anderes Querschnittsprofil aufweisen kann, ist durch eine am Folienendabschnitt 20a ausgebildete Schlaufe 20b hindurchgeschoben, die durch Doppellagigkeit des Folienendabschnittes 20a erhalten wird, wobei zum leichteren Einschieben des Rundstabes 121 in die Schlaufe 20b bzw. in den Zwischenraum der beiden übereinanderliegenden Folienbahnabschnitte der Bereich der Doppellagigkeit mit in Abständen voneinander angeordneten Ausnehmungen 20c versehen sein kann (Fig.5). Nach einer weiteren Ausführungsform gemäß Fig.6 ist der Rundstab 121 auf den Folienendabschnitt 20a aufgelegt und mit der Folie verklebt oder verschweißt, wobei der Rundstab aus Kunststoff oder einem geeigneten korrosionsbeständigen Werkstoff besteht.As a connection profile, the end of the film 20 can be connected to a round rod 121 which runs in the film longitudinal direction and is connected to the film 20 in the film end section 20a (FIG. 4). The round rod 121, which can also have a different cross-sectional profile, is through a loop 20b formed on the film end section 20a pushed through, which is obtained by double-layering of the film end section 20a, it being possible for the area of the double layer to be provided with spaced-apart recesses 20c for easier insertion of the round rod 121 into the loop 20b or into the space between the two film strip sections lying one above the other (FIG. 5) . According to a further embodiment according to FIG. 6, the round rod 121 is placed on the film end section 20a and glued or welded to the film, the round rod being made of plastic or a suitable corrosion-resistant material.

Gemäß Fig. 7 ist der Endabschnitt 20a der Folie 20 mit einer Lochung 222 versehen. Die Folie selbst besteht aus Kunststoff oder einem anderen geeigneten, folienähnlichen Material, wobei auch Metallfolie eingesetzt werden kann. Auch Sandwichfolien aus einer Kunststoffolie und einer Metallfolie können verwendet werden.7, the end section 20a of the film 20 is provided with a perforation 222. The foil itself consists of plastic or another suitable foil-like material, it also being possible to use metal foil. Sandwich films made of a plastic film and a metal film can also be used.

Um einen besseren Halt der Folie im Mörtel der Fuge 18 zu erzielen, kann gemäß Fig.8 auf den Folienendabschnitt 20a ein Zuschnitt 223 aus einem Gewebe oder einem Vliesstoff aufgelegt sein, wobei dieser Zuschnitt 223 mit der Folie 20 verklebt oder verschweißt ist. Es besteht auch nach Fig.9 die Möglichkeit, an den Endabschnitt 20a der Folie 20 einen Zuschnitt 223a aus einem Gewebe oder einem Vliesstoff anzuschließen und mit der Folie 20 zu verbinden, wobei dann bei angebrachter Sturzdichtungsbahn dieser Zuschnitt 223a im Mörtel der Fuge 18 verankert wird. Vorteilhafterweise werden weitmaschige Gewebe und grobstrukturierte Vliesstoffe verwendet, um einen guten Verbund mit dem Mörtel der Fuge 18 zu erreichen.In order to achieve a better hold of the film in the mortar of the joint 18, a blank 223 made of a fabric or a nonwoven can be placed on the film end section 20a according to FIG. 8, this blank 223 being glued or welded to the film 20. According to FIG. 9, it is also possible to connect a cut 223a made of a woven or nonwoven fabric to the end section 20a of the film 20 and to connect it to the film 20, this cut 223a then being anchored in the mortar of the joint 18 when the lintel membrane is attached . Wide-mesh fabrics and coarsely structured nonwovens are advantageously used in order to achieve a good bond with the mortar of the joint 18.

Die Mauerwerkbewehrung 100 besteht gemäß Fig.12 aus zwei parallel zueinander angeordneten Längsstäben 110,111 und Querstäben 112, die durch in äquidistantem Abstand a (Fig.12) die Längsstäbe miteinander verbinden. Längsstäbe 110,111 und Querstäbe 112 besitzen denselben Durchmesser b, wobei diese Querstäbe 112 auch Abstandhalterfunktion haben, um die Längsstäbe 110,111 der Bewehrung 100 in der Mitte des Mörtelbettes zu halten. Endseitig der Mauerwerkbewehrung 100 ist an dieser eine Endlagerplatte 113 angeordnet (Fig. 10 und 11), die angeschweißt ist und eine Länge aufweist, die etwa dem Abstand der Längsstäbe 110 und 111 entspricht. Der Überstand ist so groß, daß die Schweißnaht 114 ausreichend Halt bietet.According to FIG. 12, the masonry reinforcement 100 consists of two longitudinal bars 110, 111 and cross bars 112 which are arranged parallel to one another and which connect the longitudinal bars to one another by an equidistant distance a (FIG. 12). Longitudinal bars 110, 111 and transverse bars 112 have the same diameter b, these transverse bars 112 also having a spacer function in order to hold the longitudinal bars 110, 111 of the reinforcement 100 in the middle of the mortar bed. An end bearing plate 113 (FIGS. 10 and 11) is arranged on the end of the masonry reinforcement 100 (FIGS. 10 and 11), which is welded on and has a length which corresponds approximately to the distance between the longitudinal bars 110 and 111. The protrusion is so large that the weld seam 114 offers sufficient hold.

Fig. 10 und 11 zeigen verschiedene Kupplungen zweier Mauerwerkbewehrungen. In beiden Fällen sind die hier rechts dargestellten Endseiten einer Bewehrung so ausgestaltet, daß die Längsstababschnitte 110' und 111' zu einem geringeren Abstand gebogen sind oder einen Versatz aufweisen (Fig.11). Die Endplatte 113' kann jeweils in der dargestellten Weise durch die Längsstäbe 110 und 111 hindurchgeführt und nach Drehung parallel ausgerichtet werden, so daß die Endlagerplatten 113 und 113' aneinanderliegen.10 and 11 show different couplings of two masonry reinforcements. In both cases, the end sides of a reinforcement shown here on the right are designed in such a way that the longitudinal bar sections 110 'and 111' are bent to a smaller distance or have an offset (FIG. 11). The end plate 113 'can in each case be guided through the longitudinal rods 110 and 111 in the manner shown and aligned in parallel after rotation, so that the end bearing plates 113 and 113' abut one another.

Fig. 12 zeigt (unter Fortlassung der Endlagerplatte 113) einen Winkelprofilanker 150, dessen Einbau aus Fig. 13 näher ersichtlich ist. Dieser Winkelprofilanker 150 dient dazu, die Einbindetiefe der Mauerwerkbewehrung 100 im Mauerwerk zu verkürzen. Der Winkelprofilanker 150 besteht aus einem ersten senkrechten Schenkel 151, der mit zwei senkrechten Längsschlitzen 152 und 153 versehen ist, die zur Aufnahme der beiden Längsstäbe 110 und 111 der Mauerwerkbewehrung 100 dienen. Die Länge der Längsschlitze 152,153 entspricht der Höhe des Schenkels 151. An den Schenkel 151 schließt sich die horizontal liegende Stegplatte 154 an, die in einem rechten Winkel in einen zweiten, nach unten gerichteten Schenkel 155 übergeht, der parallel zum genannten ersten Schenkel 151 verläuft. Die beiden Schenkel 151,155 des Winkelprofilankers 150 erstrecken sich in entgegengesetzten Richtungen und weisen, wie auch die Stegplatte 154, gleiche Längen und bevorzugterweise gleiche Breiten auf. Der zweite Schenkel 155 ist mit einer Bohrung 156 versehen, um eine zusätzliche Verankerung im Mauerwerk mittels einer mechanischen Verbindung, wie z.B. eines Bolzens 157, vornehmen zu können.FIG. 12 shows (while omitting the end bearing plate 113) an angle profile anchor 150, the installation of which can be seen in more detail in FIG. 13. This angle profile anchor 150 serves to shorten the embedment depth of the masonry reinforcement 100 in the masonry. The angle profile anchor 150 consists of a first vertical leg 151, which is provided with two vertical longitudinal slots 152 and 153, which are used to receive the two longitudinal bars 110 and 111 serve the masonry reinforcement 100. The length of the longitudinal slots 152, 153 corresponds to the height of the leg 151. The leg 151 is adjoined by the horizontally lying web plate 154, which merges at a right angle into a second leg 155, which is directed downward and runs parallel to the said first leg 151. The two legs 151, 155 of the angle profile anchor 150 extend in opposite directions and, like the web plate 154, have the same lengths and preferably the same widths. The second leg 155 is provided with a bore 156 so that it can be additionally anchored in the masonry by means of a mechanical connection, such as a bolt 157, for example.

Der Winkelprofilanker 150 wird von unten her auf die Längsstäbe 110,111 der Mauerwerkbewehrung 100 aufgesetzt, so daß die Längsstäbe 110,111 in den Längsschlitzen 152, 153 des Schenkels 151 des Winkelprofilankers, bis die Längsstäbe 110,111 auf der Stegplatte 154 anliegen, gleiten. Hierauf erfolgt ein Verschieben des Winkelprofilankers 150 an den Längsstäben 110,111 bis zur Anlage an einem Querstab 112 der Mauerwerkbewehrung 100 in Pfeilrichtung X (Fig.12). Der nach oben gerichtete Schenkel 151 greift dann in die Fuge 115' zwischen zwei Läufern 115 einer Läuferschicht, während der nach unten gerichtete Schenkel 155 in die Fuge 116'a zwischen zwei Steinen 116a des die Grenadierschicht seitlich begrenzenden Mauerwerks eingreift. Beide Schenkel 151,155 werden in den Fugen eingemörtelt. Eine zusätzliche Verankerung erfolgt mittels eines Bolzens 157 im Mauerwerk, wobei der Bolzen 157 durch die Durchbrechung 156 in dem Schenkel 155 des Winkelprofilankers 150 hindurchgeführt ist (Fig.13). Damit erfolgt eine Sicherung durch die letzten untergehängten Steine, wobei sich der abgewinkelte Schenkel 155 an dem Querstab 112 der Mauerwerkbewehrung 100 abstützt.The angle profile anchor 150 is placed from below onto the longitudinal bars 110, 111 of the masonry reinforcement 100, so that the longitudinal bars 110, 111 slide in the longitudinal slots 152, 153 of the leg 151 of the angle profile anchor until the longitudinal bars 110, 111 rest on the web plate 154. The angular profile anchor 150 is then shifted on the longitudinal bars 110, 111 until it abuts a cross bar 112 of the masonry reinforcement 100 in the direction of the arrow X (FIG. 12). The upward leg 151 then engages in the joint 115 'between two runners 115 of a runner layer, while the downward leg 155 engages in the joint 116'a between two stones 116a of the masonry that laterally delimits the grenadier layer. Both legs 151, 155 are mortared in the joints. An additional anchoring takes place in the masonry by means of a bolt 157, the bolt 157 being guided through the opening 156 in the leg 155 of the angle profile anchor 150 (Fig.13). This is secured by the last suspended bricks, the angled leg 155 being supported on the crossbar 112 of the masonry reinforcement 100.

Die senkrechte Platte 151 des Winkelprofilankers 150 ist so groß, daß hohe Drücke aufgenommen werden können. Im eingebauten Zustand liegt die Auflagerplatte 154 des Winkelprofilankers 150 an einem Querstab 112 oder der Endlagerplatte 113 der Bewehrung an. Durch die mögliche Höhenverstellung der Endverankerungsvorrichtung kann eine Schwerpunktverlagerung der Last in den Verblendsturz erreicht werden.The vertical plate 151 of the angle profile anchor 150 is so large that high pressures can be absorbed. In the installed state, the support plate 154 of the angle profile anchor 150 rests on a cross bar 112 or the end support plate 113 of the reinforcement. The possible height adjustment of the end anchoring device allows the load to be shifted into the lintel lintel.

Mit der erfindungsgemäßen Vorrichtung wird ein hervorragender Verbund erreicht. Beim Einbau der Ankerteile in das zu erstellende Verblendmauerwerk ist eine gute Kontrolle des eingebrachten Mörtels zwischen Bewehrung 100 und dem Mauerwerk möglich. Die notwendige seitliche Einbindtiefe der Mauerwerkbewehrung 100 in das Mauerwerk wird wesentlich verkürzt, wenn das erfindungsgemäße Widerlagersystem verwendet wird. Die Einbindelänge der Mauerwerkbewehrung 100 ist dabei abhängig vom Mörtel und der Auflast.An excellent bond is achieved with the device according to the invention. When installing the anchor parts in the veneer masonry to be created, it is possible to check the mortar inserted between reinforcement 100 and the masonry. The necessary lateral embedment depth of the masonry reinforcement 100 in the masonry is significantly reduced if the abutment system according to the invention is used. The installation length of the masonry reinforcement 100 depends on the mortar and the load.

Wie aus Fig. 14 ersichtlich, kann die Verankerung auch in versetzter Anordnung zwischen zwei Läuferschichten 130 und 131 sowie zwischen der Läuferschicht 130 und der Schicht aus Grenadieren 116 verwendet werden. Die jeweilige Bewehrung ist mit 100 bzw. 100' bezeichnet.As can be seen from FIG. 14, the anchoring can also be used in a staggered arrangement between two runner layers 130 and 131 and between the runner layer 130 and the layer of grenadiers 116. The respective reinforcement is labeled 100 or 100 '.

Insgesamt zeichnet sich die erfindungsgemäße Vorrichtung dadurch aus, daß sie als Baukasten-System verwendbar ist. Sie besitzt eine hohe Wirtschaftlichkeit, benötigt wenig Stahl, hat eine hohe Flexibilität und eine große Anpassungsfähigkeit, insbesondere durch das entnehmbare Teil 150 sowie Verbindbarkeit der einzelnen Mauerwerkbewehrungen.Overall, the device according to the invention is characterized in that it can be used as a modular system is. It is highly economical, requires little steel, has a high degree of flexibility and great adaptability, in particular due to the removable part 150 and the connectivity of the individual masonry reinforcements.

Fig. 15 zeigt, daß mehrere Bewehrungen 100,100' übereinander angeordnet werden können, um eine größere Tragfähigkeit des bewehrten Mauerwerks zu erhalten. Es kann sowohl ein einzelner Bewehrungsstab, als auch ein Bewehrungselement über der ersten Läuferschicht angeordnet sein. Der Verbund wird durch Verkettungselemente, z.B. in Form von Klemmbügeln 213, erreicht, die in die Bewehrungslängsstäbe ober- und/oder unterhalb des Bewehrungselementes angeordneten Bewehrungen eingreifen. Diese Klemmbügel erfassen beide Bewehrungslagen. Durch eine beliebige Verkettung dieser Bewehrungen können sehr tragfähige Systeme erzielt werden. Darüber hinaus besteht auch die Möglichkeit einer zusätzlichen Verankerung des Bewehrungselementes 100 in darüberliegenden oder darunterliegenden Läuferschichten. Anstelle eines Klemmbügels 213 kann auch ein plattenförmiger Körper eingesetzt werden, der beidendseitig mit Eingriffelementen zum Eingriff in die Längsstäbe der Bewehrungen versehen ist, wobei diese Eingriffelemente federnd-elastisch ausgebildet sind, um eine entsprechende Klemmwirkung zu erreichen. Die Klemmbügel 213 können neben einem U-Profil 213a auch ein H-Profil 213b aufweisen.15 shows that several reinforcements 100, 100 'can be arranged one above the other in order to obtain a greater load-bearing capacity of the reinforced masonry. Both a single reinforcement bar and a reinforcement element can be arranged over the first rotor layer. The composite is formed by interlinking elements, e.g. in the form of clamping brackets 213, which engage in the longitudinal reinforcement bars arranged above and / or below the reinforcement element. These clamps capture both reinforcement layers. By linking these reinforcements in any way, very stable systems can be achieved. In addition, there is also the possibility of an additional anchoring of the reinforcement element 100 in overlying or underlying rotor layers. Instead of a clamping bracket 213, it is also possible to use a plate-shaped body which is provided on both sides with engagement elements for engaging in the longitudinal bars of the reinforcements, these engagement elements being designed to be resilient and elastic in order to achieve a corresponding clamping effect. In addition to a U profile 213a, the clamping bracket 213 can also have an H profile 213b.

Wie aus Fig.16 ersichtlich, besteht die einbaubare Mauerwerkbewehrung 100" aus parallel laufenden Längsstäben 110, 111, die durch äquidistant hierzu im Abstand a angeordnete Querstäbe 112 verbunden sind. Die Längsstäbe 110 bzw. 111 besitzen einen Durchmesser von beispielsweise 4 mm. Dieser Durchmesser entspricht dem Durchmesser der bogenförmigen Bügel 313 sowie der Querstäbe 112, so daß auf ein und dasselbe Ausgangsmaterial zugegriffen werden kann. Die Durchmesser können jedoch auch unterschiedlich groß gewählt werden. Die Bügel 313 liegen senkrecht zu der durch die Längs- und Querstäbe 110 bis 112 bestimmten Ebene und besitzen unterschiedliche Höhen je nachdem, ob sie für die Grenadiere, d.h. für die Rollschicht, oder für die Läuferschicht eines Verblendsturzes als selbständiges Bauelement eingesetzt werden sollen. Der Abstand der Längsstäbe bestimmt auch den Abstand der freien Schenkel des im wesentlichen U-förmigen Profils, wobei die Bügelenden 314 hakenförmig ausgebildet sind, so daß sie über die Längsstäbe geschoben werden können bzw. dort eingerastet werden können. Gegebenenfalls können die Bügel auch noch unter Vorspannung stehen. Im vorliegenden Fall greifen die Bügelenden jeweils an den sich gegenüberliegenden Innenseiten der Längsstäbe 110,111 an. Die aus den Längsstäben 110,111 und den Bügeln bestehende Bewehrung 100" braucht nicht gitterförmig ausgebildet zu sein. Es können auch zwei Einzelstäbe verwendet werden, die im Auflagebereich des Verblendsturzes im seitlichen Mauerwerk abgeknickt und verankert sind.As can be seen from FIG. 16, the built-in masonry reinforcement 100 "consists of parallel longitudinal bars 110, 111 which are connected by transverse bars 112 arranged equidistantly therefrom at a distance a. The longitudinal bars 110 or 111 have a diameter of 4 mm, for example. This diameter corresponds to the diameter of the arcuate bracket 313 and the cross bars 112, so that one and the same starting material can be accessed. However, the diameters can also be selected to be of different sizes. The brackets 313 are perpendicular to the plane determined by the longitudinal and transverse bars 110 to 112 and have different heights depending on whether they are to be used as an independent component for the grenadiers, ie for the roll layer, or for the runner layer of a facing lintel. The distance between the longitudinal bars also determines the distance between the free legs of the substantially U-shaped profile, the temple ends 314 being hook-shaped so that they can be pushed over the longitudinal bars or can be snapped into place. If necessary, the brackets can also be under tension. In the present case, the temple ends each engage the opposite inner sides of the longitudinal bars 110, 111. The reinforcement 100 "consisting of the longitudinal bars 110, 111 and the brackets need not be designed in the form of a lattice. Two individual bars can also be used, which are bent and anchored in the side wall in the support area of the facing lintel.

Das Tragverhalten des Systems kann dadurch leicht verändert werden, daß die Anzahl der Halterungen 120 vergrössert oder verringert wird. Durch beliebig veränderbare Längen des Gewindestabes 119 lassen sich vorhandene Ankerpunkte, wie Ankerschienen, im Beton an den unterschiedlichsten Positionen einfach und preiswert erreichen.The carrying behavior of the system can easily be changed by increasing or decreasing the number of brackets 120. Any length of the threaded rod 119 can be changed as required, and existing anchor points, such as anchor channels, can be easily and inexpensively reached in the concrete at various positions.

Claims (21)

  1. Brickwork in the form of a lintel with stretcher courses and with a subjacent stretcher or brick-on-edge course (16) as well as with a brickwork reinforcement (100) embedded in the horizontal joints (17) in the pointing mortar, wherein, for the establishment of a bond between compression and/or tensile zones of the lintel, the compression load bearing stones of the stretcher course (15) above the brickwork reinforcement (100) form an anchorage system, which brings the stoned fitted underneath the brickwork reinforcement (100) to a halt, in which case the reinforcement (100) is comprised of a girder element embedded in the horizontally proceeding mortar or cement/mortar bed of the longitudinal joint (17) for stirrups embedded in the mortar or cement/ mortar bed of the vertical joints between the stones of the stretcher or brick-on-edge course (16),
    characterized in that
    the brickwork reinforcement (100) is comprised of longitudinal main bars (10,11) proceeding parallel to each other and located in the horizontally proceeding longitudinal joint (17) above the stretcher or brick-on-edge course (16), and of curved, open-at-the-top stirrups (13) which are retained on the main bars (10,11) with their free ends and which extend into the stretching course (15) and into the stretcher or brick-on-edge course (16) as well as being embedded in the vertical joints between the stones of the stretching course (15) and the stretcher or brick-on-edge course (16), while the stirrups (13) conducted into the stretching course (15) of the lintel are carried into the adjoining mortar or cement/mortar joint (18) located parallel to the longitudinal joint (17).
  2. Brickwork according to Claim 1,
    characterized in that
    each stirrup end (14) terminates on one of the main bars (10,11), in that the stirrups (13) are essentially of channel or "V" configuration, while the stirrups (13) can be detachably clamped to the main bars (10,11).
  3. Brickwork according to either Claim 1 or 2,
    characterized in that
    the stirrup ends (14) are configured in a hook-like fashion, by preference in such a way that the curvature of the hook-shaped end (14) is adapted to the main bar diameter (d) and in that the stirrups (13) are clamped while subject to an initial tension, onto the main bars (10,11) and/or in that the hook-shaped ends (14) of the stirrups (13) are clampable by means of snap-in locking onto the main bars (10,11).
  4. Brickwork according to any of Claims 1 to 3,
    characterized in that
    the stirrups (13) are of differing length and in that the base portion of the channel-shaped stirrup (13) is shorter than the distance (b) of the parallelly located main bars (10,11), while each stirrup is comprised of flat rolled steel.
  5. Brickwork according to any of Claims 1 to 4,
    characterized in that
    the main bars (10,11) are interconnected by means of transverse rods (12), which are preferably disposed at equidistant intervals (a) from each other.
  6. Brickwork according to any of Claims 1 to 5,
    characterized in that
    the lintel possess a lintel sealing web of a sheeting (20), which, with its terminal section (20a) proceeding in the longitudinal direction of the lintel sealing web, is embedded with a short area in the mortar bed of the adjacent joint (18) between two stretcher courses and anchored with the mortar of the adjacent joint (18), in which case, for the anchoring in the joint mortar, the terminal section (20a) of the sheeting (20) is provided with a connecting contouring.
  7. Brickwork according to Claim 6,
    characterized in that
    the connecting contouring is comprised of an angle section (19), that is connected with one leg to the sheeting (20) and, with its other leg, is embedded in the mortar bed of the adjacent joint (18), as well as being expediently provided with a perforation in its legs.
  8. Brickwork according to Claim 6,
    characterized in that
    the connecting contouring
    a) is comprised of a round rod (121) proceeding in the longitudinal direction of the sheeting web, which is connected on the terminal section (20a) of the sheeting (20) with the latter, or
    b) of a perforation (222) in the terminal,section (20a) of the sheeting (20), or
    c) of a blank (223) of a woven fabric or a non-woven fabric placed upon the terminal section (20a) of the sheeting (20) and connected with the sheeting (20), or
    d) of a blank (223a) of a woven fabric or a non-woven fabric connected with the sheeting terminal section (20a).
  9. Brickwork according to any of Claims 6 to 8,
    characterized in that
    the other free end (21) of the preferably loop-like proceeding embedded plastic sheeting (20) is mechanically connected with the lintel elements by means of bonding.
  10. Brickwork according to any of Claims 6 to 9,
    characterized in that
    the sheeting (20), the angle section (19) and the round section (221) are comprised of a plastic or of some other suitable material.
  11. Brickwork according to any of Claims 1 to 10,
    characterized in that
    the termination sides (110',111') of the brickwork reinforcement (100) are constructed in such a way that they are connectable with a further brickwork reinforcement (100), by preference by means of a plug-type connection, socker joint or welded connection.
  12. Brickwork according to Claim 11,
    characterized in that,
    on one of the terminal sides of the brickwork reinforcement (100), the main bars (110',111') are bent so as to form an offset in such a way that that a complementary termination side of a further brickwork reinforcement (100) can be set up there.
  13. Brickwork according to any of Claims 1 to 12,
    characterized in that
    the brickwork reinforcement (100) carries an angle section anchor (150) proceeding transversally to the main bars (10,11;110,111) and possibly proceeding parallel to the transversal rods (12;112) and mounted upon the main bars (10,11;110,111), the angle section anchor (150) with a first vertical leg (151) possessing at least one vertical longitudinal slot (152,153) for receiving the main bars (10,11; 110,111) of the brickwork reinforcement (100), an angular web plate (152) proceeding paralell to the main bars (10,11;110,111) and a second angular leg (155) proceeding parallel to the first leg (151), in which case the two legs (151,155) extend in opposing directions, while the angle section anchor (150), from down below, is pushed onto the main bars (10,11;110,111) of the brickwork reinforcement (100) until the web plate (154) of the angle section anchor (150) abuts against the undersides of the main bars (10,11;110,111) and, with its first leg (151), is brought to bear upon one of the transverse rods (12;112) of the brickwork reinforcement (100).
  14. Brickwork according to Claim 13,
    characterized in that
    the two legs (151,155) and the web plate (154) possess equal lengths and/or equal or unequal widths.
  15. Brickwork according to either Claim 13 or 14,
    characterized in that
    the longitudinal slots (152,153) in the leg (151) projectinf upwardly from the plane of the brickwork reinforcement (100) possess a length which corresponds to the width/height of the leg (151).
  16. Brickwork according to any of Claims 13 to 15,
    characterized in that,
    in the leg (155) projecting downwardly from the plane of the brickwork reinforcement (100), a safety bolt-receiving bore (156) is provided.
  17. Brickwork according to any of Claims 13 to 16,
    characterized in that
    the angle section anchors (150) serve for the mounting of the plastic sheetings.
  18. Brickwork according to any of Claims 1 to 17,
    characterized in that
    the main bars (10,11) of the reinforcement (100) are comprised of ribbed steel bars.
  19. Brickwork according to any of Claims 1 to 18,
    characterized in that
    the transverse rods (12) of the reinforcement (100) are comprised of ribbed steel bars.
  20. Brickwork according to any of Claims 1 to 19,
    characterized in that
    the main bars (10,11) of the reinforcement (100) are comprised of flat rolled steel.
  21. Brickwork according to any of Claims 1 to 20,
    characterized in that
    the transverse rods (12) of the reinforcement (100) are comprised of flat rolled steel.
EP19930117976 1992-12-24 1993-11-05 Brickwork for a lintel, with reinforcements and hanging device for the same Expired - Lifetime EP0603517B1 (en)

Priority Applications (2)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
EP96107627A EP0737786B1 (en) 1992-12-24 1993-11-05 Lintel made of masonry with a carrier construction
EP96113715A EP0745741B1 (en) 1992-12-24 1993-11-05 Masonry lintel

Applications Claiming Priority (8)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
DE9217654U DE9217654U1 (en) 1992-12-24 1992-12-24
DE9217654U 1992-12-24
DE9300258U DE9300258U1 (en) 1992-12-24 1993-01-12
DE9300258U 1993-01-12
DE9306276U 1993-04-26
DE9306276U DE9306276U1 (en) 1993-04-26 1993-04-26
DE9306749U DE9306749U1 (en) 1992-12-24 1993-05-05
DE9306749U 1993-05-05

Related Child Applications (4)

Application Number Title Priority Date Filing Date
EP96113715A Division EP0745741B1 (en) 1992-12-24 1993-11-05 Masonry lintel
EP96107627A Division EP0737786B1 (en) 1992-12-24 1993-11-05 Lintel made of masonry with a carrier construction
EP96107627.0 Division-Into 1996-05-14
EP96113715.5 Division-Into 1996-08-28

Publications (2)

Publication Number Publication Date
EP0603517A1 EP0603517A1 (en) 1994-06-29
EP0603517B1 true EP0603517B1 (en) 1997-07-30

Family

ID=27436467

Family Applications (3)

Application Number Title Priority Date Filing Date
EP96113715A Expired - Lifetime EP0745741B1 (en) 1992-12-24 1993-11-05 Masonry lintel
EP96107627A Expired - Lifetime EP0737786B1 (en) 1992-12-24 1993-11-05 Lintel made of masonry with a carrier construction
EP19930117976 Expired - Lifetime EP0603517B1 (en) 1992-12-24 1993-11-05 Brickwork for a lintel, with reinforcements and hanging device for the same

Family Applications Before (2)

Application Number Title Priority Date Filing Date
EP96113715A Expired - Lifetime EP0745741B1 (en) 1992-12-24 1993-11-05 Masonry lintel
EP96107627A Expired - Lifetime EP0737786B1 (en) 1992-12-24 1993-11-05 Lintel made of masonry with a carrier construction

Country Status (3)

Country Link
EP (3) EP0745741B1 (en)
DE (3) DE59307015D1 (en)
DK (1) DK0603517T3 (en)

Families Citing this family (5)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
EP0833014B1 (en) * 1996-09-27 2004-06-09 Elmenhorst Bauspezialartikel GmbH & Co.KG Reinforcing system for masonry
DE29713212U1 (en) * 1997-07-24 1997-09-11 Frings Baubedarf Gmbh & Co Kg Masonry reinforcement
NL1010572C2 (en) 1998-11-17 2000-05-18 Bekaert Sa Nv Reinforcing bar for use in masonry as well as masonry thus formed.
LT5515B (en) 2006-12-14 2008-09-25 Uždaroji akcinė bendrovė "Bautopas" APDAILOS MuRO PLYTINE ANGOS SARAMA
BE1023650B1 (en) * 2015-11-04 2017-06-06 Jaro Bvba SYSTEM FOR HANGING AN OUTDOOR WALL, METHOD AND SET OF PARTS

Family Cites Families (9)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
CH125649A (en) * 1927-08-13 1928-05-01 Servalli Hofstetter August Reinforced block masonry.
US2361828A (en) * 1942-01-23 1944-10-31 Drayer Donald Hudson Lintel
US3309828A (en) * 1963-02-04 1967-03-21 Charles J Tribble Tie assembly for faced masonry wall structures
ZA78948B (en) * 1978-02-17 1979-09-26 R Geraghty A device for use in building
AU535657B2 (en) * 1978-03-14 1984-03-29 Brunswick Sales Pty. Ltd. Masonry lintel
DE2836781A1 (en) * 1978-08-23 1980-03-06 Willi Clavey Prefab. beam lintel fixture across wall opening - comprises wall anchor with screwed plate, and socket with anchor plate
GB2078819B (en) * 1980-06-24 1984-03-14 Catnic Components Ltd Cavity-wall arch support
AU606565B2 (en) * 1988-05-05 1991-02-07 N.V. Bekaert S.A. Reinforcing apparatus for a masonry wall, as well as masonry wall
DE9306276U1 (en) * 1993-04-26 1993-06-17 Elmenhorst & Co Gmbh, 2000 Schenefeld, De

Also Published As

Publication number Publication date
EP0603517A1 (en) 1994-06-29
EP0745741A3 (en) 1996-12-18
DE59310015D1 (en) 2000-05-25
EP0737786A1 (en) 1996-10-16
DK0603517T3 (en) 1997-10-27
EP0745741B1 (en) 2000-04-19
EP0737786B1 (en) 2000-05-03
DE59310029D1 (en) 2000-06-08
EP0745741A2 (en) 1996-12-04
DE59307015D1 (en) 1997-09-04

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