EP1312722B1 - Construction element for a ceiling construction and ceiling construction in a building - Google Patents

Abstract

The construction panel has an upper concrete layer (12) forming a floor surface and a lower concrete layer (16) supporting the first on projections or ribs (18). The upper layer can have an insulation layer (22) between it and the robs. The ribs can be formed integrally with the lower layer, or can be formed by a metal frame (18).

Description

The invention relates to a component for a ceiling construction in Buildings according to claim 1.

From GB 2 226 058 a device has become known which consists of a concrete slab consists of a partially embedded lattice girder. The upper strap of the Lattice girder stands out from the plate and points down when the component supported on supports of building walls. A blanket for that underlying projectile is made by using a suitable cladding material is attached to the upper belt.

From WO 95/03460 a device has become known with two vertically spaced Concrete layers and lattice girders between the layers, wherein in each case a belt of the lattice girder is embedded in one of the layers.

From WO 81/02758 it has become known to form a component such that the vertically spaced concrete layers each facing one another Lattice girders are firmly clamped against each other. The tension takes place for example with the help of clamping bolts, with two bolts with opposite Thread are screwed into a clamping sleeve and the bolts each with a Lattice girders are connected.

From EP 0 828 033 A2 a component has become known with two in the vertical Spaced concrete layers, each partially lattice girders take up. The protruding sections of the lattice girders of both concrete layers are so interlocked that they do not touch each other. The concrete layers are each supported in supports of the building walls, wherein the upper layer is supported by an elastic insulating layer, so that it can be used as a insulating screed.

From DE-A-211 4 827 is a generic device or a Ceiling construction has become known. In a lower concrete layer is a Lattice girder embedded with its lower flange, the diagonal bars following extend upward to an upper concrete layer into which upper straps of the Bearers are embedded. Below the flat bottom of the top layer is an insulation board arranged. When manufactured in a box shape first cast the lower layer when embedding the lattice girders. Then, with the help of a suitable support structure the Insulating board held, which forms the base for pouring the upper Layer. The insulation board is used for thermal insulation.

The invention is based on the object, a component and a Ceiling construction of the type described to improve that it It can be made easier and more versatile.

This object is solved by the features of claims 1 and 10, respectively.

In the device according to the invention according to claim 1 and 10, the upper Layer of concrete or a concrete-like substance as a planar element executed without a protruding reinforcement. It relies on protrusions or ribs of the lower layer with the interposition of an elastic Insulating layer on the ribs or the projections. The projections can for example, the upper straps of lattice girders, whose lower girth in the lower layer is embedded. When using ribs these can be formed integrally with the lower layer.

In the case of the component according to the invention, the upper layer forms the screed for the overlying building space, while the lower or second layer represents the ceiling for the floor below. Because the upper layer simply placed on the protrusions or ribs of the lower layer is stored, according to the ceiling construction according to claim 10, the lower Layer for support on a support at opposite Building walls used, while the upper layer to the associated Building wall has a gap.

The construction according to the invention has a number of advantages. The Production is particularly easy. As known in the production Components are the concrete layers with their reinforcement initially separate made, after which they are placed on top of each other. In the invention just needs a concrete disc on, for example, the lattice girder of the second or lower concrete layer to be laid. Further measures are not mandatory. This process is easy to do in industrial production accomplish.

In order to obtain a certain side protection for the upper layer, is after an embodiment of the invention proposed that they on the projections or ribs is glued. Under certain circumstances, the static friction is sufficient between the upper layer and the elastic pad resting on the protrusions or ribs is applied.

Another advantage of the invention is that the space between upper and lower layer can be used in many ways, such as lines and can accommodate pipes for any installation. In known components, where both lower and upper layers have lattice girders, this is relatively cumbersome to accomplish. Also the introduction of suitable insulating materials designed in the device according to the invention easier.

Furthermore, it is advantageous that the upper layer in a simple way lines for can accommodate a floor heating. Although the upper layer is a suitable reinforcement, but these will not be lattice girders as in be known components. The introduction of pipes for underfloor heating is therefore particularly easy.

A device according to the invention usually extends between two spaced supporting walls of the building. The distance of the upper Layer of the walls avoids a sound transmission in the bearing Walls into or into the adjacent walls. Within the upper layer naturally takes place a structure-borne sound transmission. This can become the Example disadvantageous, if the upper layer as a floor in two adjacent spaces of a projectile extends. With the help of Component according to the invention can also be a sound transmission here Avoid over the floor by placing the top layer with a separating groove is provided in the area of a wall separating the adjacent rooms. Depending on the layout and position of the component, therefore, the upper layer can there are two or more physically separate sublayers that already produced on the production side and applied. There where one Sound transmission does not have to be avoided, d. H. within a room, For example, the upper part layers can be welded together in a known manner be set against each other.

There are various design options conceivable, the upper layer on to suspend the projections or the ribs. One according to the invention provides that on the upper flange of lattice girders of the lower layer of a profile elastic damping material is applied, for example, an inverted U-shaped Profile. Alternatively, on the upper flange of the lattice girder a flat strip be welded on steel, on which a strip of elastic Insulating material is arranged.

Another embodiment for depositing the upper layer consists in An embodiment of the invention in that U-shaped support plates on the Top of the lattice girders are placed. The insulating layer is on top applied to the web, for example, also fixed by gluing. The legs of the U-shaped support plates overlap the lattice girder on the Top and lie with their thighs against the outside of the diagonal bars at. Therefore, the profile of the support plates is not strictly U-shaped, but Shaped with slightly divergent legs. Such support plates can in Be spaced apart. You have e.g. a length of 30 to 50 cm. The distance between adjacent support plates can be more than that double the length of a support plate.

Although it is conceivable to weld the support plates on the lattice girder, a simpler Attachment consists according to an embodiment of the invention is that the legs of the support plates have indentations or the like which Undercut the connecting area of the diagonal bars on both sides of the upper belt. This undercut is such that when placing the support plates of above the protrusions formed by the indentations the connection area grabbing the diagonal bars snapping behind.

When applied to a ceiling construction, the device is after a Embodiment of the invention with the lower layer on top of the building walls superimposed. For the overlying storey is the Auflagerung the walls on the lower layer, optionally with interposition an insulating layer.

In the invention, the lower plate of the device according to the invention is supported on top of a wall. The length of a table depends naturally according to the distance between the walls of a building room. The Lattice girders can naturally only within the distance of the upper housing walls be arranged. Therefore, there is a risk that the lower longer Plate does not have sufficient strength in the support area. Therefore, according to the invention a second lattice girder is provided whose node to the Nodes of the first lattice girder are offset. This ensures that that regardless of the intended length of a component sufficient support in the support area, either over the first or the second lattice girder. The latter has a lower one Height as the first and is preferably within the first lattice girder inserted. Its length can be limited, as he especially the Reinforcing support area.

Fig. 1

zeigt einen Schnitt durch zwei Bauelemente nach der Erfindung mit ihrer Auflagerung auf einer Gebäudewand.

Fig. 2

zeigt einen Schnitt durch die Darstellung nach Fig. 1 entlang der Linie 2-2.

Fig. 3

zeigt die Draufsicht auf den Grundriß eines Gebäudegeschosses deren Boden von Bauelementen nach den Fign. 1 und 2 hergestellt ist.

Fig. 4

zeigt eine Auflagemöglichkeit einer oberen Schicht des Bauelements nach der Erfindung auf einem Gitterträger.

Fig. 5

zeigt eine zweite Ausführungsform für eine Auflage auf einem Gitterträger.

Fig. 6

zeigt eine ähnliche Ansicht wie Fig. 1 mit einer besonderen Auflagerung für die obere Schicht.

Fig. 7

zeigt perspektivisch ein Tragblech für die Auflagerung der oberen Schicht nach Fig. 6.

Fig. 8

zeigt die Anbringung des Tragblechs nach Fig. 7 auf der Oberseite des Gitterträgers.

Fig. 9

zeigt den Endbereich einer Deckenkonstruktion angrenzend an eine Wand mit einer speziellen oberen Schicht.

The invention will be explained in more detail with reference to embodiments shown in the drawing.

Fig. 1

shows a section through two components according to the invention with their Auflagerung on a building wall.

Fig. 2

shows a section through the illustration of FIG. 1 along the line 2-2.

Fig. 3

shows the top view of the floor plan of a building floor whose floor of components according to FIGS. 1 and 2 is made.

Fig. 4

shows a possibility of placing an upper layer of the device according to the invention on a lattice girder.

Fig. 5

shows a second embodiment for a support on a lattice girder.

Fig. 6

shows a similar view as FIG. 1 with a special support for the upper layer.

Fig. 7

shows in perspective a support plate for the Auflagerung the upper layer of Fig. 6.

Fig. 8

shows the attachment of the support plate of FIG. 7 on the top of the lattice girder.

Fig. 9

shows the end portion of a ceiling construction adjacent to a wall with a special top layer.

In Fig. 1, two components 10, 12 are indicated. The structure of the components 10, 12 will be explained with reference to the device 10. The component 10 has a first layer 14 made of concrete and an inner one Reinforcement may have (not shown). Top and bottom of the layer 14 are plane-parallel. In vertical distance to a second plate 16 is arranged, which is also plane-parallel, but a lattice girder 18 conventional Training stops, wherein the substrate 20 is disposed in the layer 16 and the upper belt 22 runs above the layer 16 and upper and lower belt 16, 22 are connected by diagonal struts 24. As can be seen, the upper one is Layer 14 is slightly thicker than the lower layer 16. However, the underlayer 16 is longer than the top layer 14 so that it is on top of a building wall 26 can be stored. The above arranged extension of Building wall 28 is supported by a layer of mortar 30 on top of the Layer 16 from or the lower layer of the device 12. The upper layer 14 has a distance to the wall 28, which is designated 32. This prevents a footfall sound is transmitted from the layer 14 to the wall 28.

On the top flange 22 extends an elastic insulating layer 34 on which the upper layer 14 rests. The upper layer 14 is therefore only on the Lattice girder 18 stored and otherwise in any way with the lattice girder or the lower layer 16 connected. In Fig. 2, the lattice girders 18 are shown once (left and right of Fig. 2) and another carrier 36 as possible Alternative. However, the deposition of the upper layer 14 is clearly visible.

It is also apparent from FIGS. 1 and 2 that the manufacture of a component as is easy to do in Fig. 1. The layer 16 with the Lattice girder 18 is conventionally manufactured industrially. The same applies for the plate-like layer 14. After production of the plate-like layer 14 this is raised, rotated and lowered onto the lattice girders 18 with a Overlay on the upper belt as described. An additional safeguard against lateral displacement can be omitted, but it may be appropriate to the Stick layer 14 on the insulating layer 34.

In the Fign. FIGS. 4 and 5 are two examples of layer 14 deposition shown. In Fig. 4 is a profile strip 40 made of an elastic pressure-resistant Insulating material shown, the approximately inverted U-profile and has on The top strap is placed as shown. The layer 14 may be on the top of the strip 40 are stored.

FIG. 5 shows how a steel strip 42 is welded to the top flange 22 is placed on a strip 44 made of an elastic insulating material is. On this then the layer 14 is placed. The strip 44 can be glued to the strip 42. Also, a bond between strips 44 and layer 14 take place.

The upper layer 14 will usually be slightly smaller than the lower one Layer 16. It can also be formed by individual sublayers, like this will be explained with reference to FIG. 3. 3 is a plan view is shown, whose ceiling is formed by three components, as with reference to FIG. 1 is shown. The division of the floor plan for the rooms above the Ceiling is indicated by walls. It can be seen that the two rooms 50, 52 have a bottom, partially of the plates 10 a, 10 b and 10 d and 10c is formed. To avoid a sound transmission between the individual rooms 50 to 56 takes place, therefore, the upper layers of the Elements 10a to 10c divided according to the room layout. The upper Layer of the component 10 a has three partial layers, the upper layer of the Device 10b also has three layers, while the upper layer of the component 10c has two layers. Within the rooms, the Joints between the elements 10a to 10c closed by the elements be joined by welding and the remaining joint with a appropriate means. This is a well-known technique in itself.

6, a first lattice girder 18 is provided comparable to that of FIG. 1, whose lower flange 20 extends in the lower layer 16. The upper chord 22 and a Part of the diagonal bars runs above the lower layer 16 and above an insulating layer 60, which is placed on the lower layer 16. One Another lattice girder 63 in Fig. 6 has a lower flange 62, which is also in the Plate 16 extends and the upper flange 64 extends in the insulating layer 60. Of the second lattice girder 63, which extends only in the end region of the component shown is inserted into the first lattice girder 18. His knots are on half the length between adjacent nodes of the first lattice girder 18th From Fig. 1 it can be seen that the first lattice girder 18 is sufficiently far in extends the support area on the lower wall 26 and thus for a sufficient Stability ensures. In the lattice girder 18 of FIG. 6, however, this would be not the case. The staggered arrangement of the nodes for the second lattice girder 63 ensures that even with the insufficient position of the first lattice girder 18, the second lattice girder 63 provides sufficient strength as a Node comes to rest in the support area. Since the second lattice girder 63 in essential only for reinforcement in the support area, he needs not over the entire length of the first lattice girder 18 or of the component to extend.

The lower layer 16 is above a thin-bed mortar layer 66 at the top the wall 26 supported. The top wall 28 is above a mortar layer 68 on supported the lower layers of adjacent elements. The upper layer 14 is supported by support plates 70 at the top of the lattice girder 18. The construction the support plates goes from the Fign. 7 and 8 show.

The support plates 70 are approximately U-shaped with slightly diverging legs 72, 74. The legs 72, 74 overlap the upper flange 20 and the connecting portions the diagonal bars 76, 78 (Figure 8). The arcuate connection areas are, as usual, laterally welded to the top flange 20. The Legs 72, 74 have indentations 80 at intervals. They are arranged so that the projections formed in this way on the inside of the legs 72, 74 the connecting portions of the diagonal bars 76, 78 engage under, like this is shown in Fig. 8. Thus, the support plates 70 on the top the lattice girder 18 are aufgeklippst, wherein the web 82 on the upper flange 20th comes to rest. On the web 82, a strip 84 of an elastomer be glued on. On top of this, the upper layer 14 is then supported, as shown in FIG. 6 shown.

As further seen in Fig. 6, the support plates 70 have a limited Length, e.g. 30 to 50 cm and are arranged at intervals, with the distance can be more than twice the length of a support plate.

The illustration of FIG. 9 differs from FIG. 6 in that the upper Layer 14a lines 90 receives a floor heating. The bedding the upper layer 14a may be as shown in FIG. 6 or according to the other Embodiments, as shown in the other figures performed become.

In Fig. 9 is also shown how a strip 92 of foam in the gap between upper layer and upper wall 28 is introduced.

Claims (20)

1. A structural element for a ceiling construction in buildings that is formed at opposed ends for being supported on a building wall (26), comprising a first self-supporting slab-shaped layer (14) of concrete or concrete-like material that defines the floor of a storey of the building, a second self-supporting slab-shaped layer (16) of concrete or concrete-like material at a vertical distance from the first layer (14) with upwardly facing projections (18) or ribs that defines the ceiling of the underlying storey, characterized in that the upper layer (14) is made to rest, as an element planar at the underside with no projecting reinforcement, on the projections (18) or ribs of the lower layer (16) from top while an elastic insulating course (34, 40, 44) is sandwiched between the underside of the element and the projections (18).
2. The structural element according to claim 1, characterized in that the ribs are integrally formed with the lower layer.
3. The structural element according to claim 1, characterized in that the projections are formed by a reinforcement for the lower layer, preferably by latticed beams (18) the lower boom (20) of which extends within the lower layer (16).
4. The structural element according to claim 3, characterized in that a profile (40) of elastic insulating material is placed on top of the upper boom (22) of the latticed beams (18).
5. The structural element according to claim 4, characterized in that the profile (40) is inversely U-shaped.
6. The structural element according to claim 3, characterized in that the upper boom (22) of the latticed beams (18) has welded thereon a flat strip (43) of steel on which strip a strip (44) of elastic insulating material is disposed.
7. The structural element according to any one of claims 1 to 6, characterized in that the upper layer (14) is secured by adhesive bonding from lateral displacement on the projections or ribs.
8. The structural element according to any one of claims 1 to 7, characterized in that installation objects such as pipes, conduits or the like are disposed in the space between the upper and lower layers (14, 16).
9. The structural element according to any one of claims 1 to 7, characterized in that the upper layer (14) accommodates conduits for an underfloor heating.
10. A ceiling construction in buildings, comprising panel-shaped structural elements (10, 10a, 10b, 10c, 12) which are made to rest at opposed ends on a building wall (26, 28) and each of which has a first self-supporting slab-shaped layer (14) of concrete or concrete-like material and a second self-supporting slab-shaped layer (16) of concrete or concrete-like material at a vertical distance from the first layer, wherein the second layer has upwardly facing projections (18), and wherein the first layer (14) defines the floor for a building storey and the second layer (16) defines the ceiling for the underlying storey, characterized in that the upper layer (14), as an element planar at the underside with no projecting reinforcement, is made to rest on the projections (18) or ribs of the lower layer (16) from top while an elastic insulating course (34) is sandwiched between the underside of the element and the projections (18) or ribs, the element is at a distance (32) from an upper building wall (28), and the lower layer (16) is made to be supported on the upper side of a lower building wall (26).
11. The ceiling construction according to claim 10, characterized in that the upper layer (14) is composed of two or more separate layer portions which are sized and disposed according to a predetermined pattern.
12. The ceiling construction according to any one of claim 10 or 11, characterized in that a storey wall (28) is supported on the top surface of the second or lower layer (16) of the structural elements (10, 12) via an insulating layer (30).
13. The ceiling construction according to any one of claims 10 to 12, characterized in that a strip of flexible material, preferably made from foamed plastic, is disposed between the upper layer (14a) and the adjoining wall (28).
14. The structural element according to claim 3, characterized in that U-shaped carrying metal sheets (70) are placed onto the top of the upper side of the latticed beams (18) on which the upper layer (14) is made to rest with an insulating layer (84) therebetween.
15. The structural element according to claim 14, characterized in that the U-shaped carrying metal sheets (70) are disposed at distances.
16. The structural element according to claim 14 or 15, characterized in that the legs (72, 74) of the carrying metal sheets (70) have depressions (80) or the like which reach out below the connection area of the diagonal bars (76, 78) at either side of the upper boom (22).
17. The ceiling construction according to any one of claims 1 to 9 or 14 to 16, characterized in that a second latticed beam (63) is provided the lower boom (62) of which extends in the lower slab (16) and the upper boom (64) of which extends at a distance from the upper slab (14) and the joint connections of the first and second latticed beams (18, 63) are arranged at an offset from each other.
18. The structural element according to claim 17, characterized in that a second latticed beam (63) each is disposed within the first latticed beam (18).
19. The structural element according to claim 17 or 18, characterized in that the points of connection of the second latticed beam (63) are located each approximately in the centre between adjacent points of connection of the first latticed beam (18).
20. The structural element according to any one of claims 17 to 19, characterized in that the second latticed beam (63) is of a limited length and is disposed only in the end area between the slabs.

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