RU178522U1 - Precast monolithic overlap - Google Patents

Abstract

The utility model relates to load-bearing floors that are fully or partially concrete on a construction site and made up of monolithic and prefabricated elements, and can be used in construction as an element of prefabricated-monolithic floors of buildings and structures for various purposes. The prefabricated-monolithic floor contains a beam with volume reinforcing frame, consisting of transverse steel reinforcement 1, which is made in the form of loop outlets, and the lower part, which forms the lower reinforcing belt, made of longitudinal x steel reinforcing bars 2. Loop outlets of the transverse reinforcement 1 are made with a fixed pitch, the tops of the loop outlets are connected by a welded seam to the steel reinforcing bar 3, forming the upper reinforcing belt. The lower part of the transverse reinforcement is connected by a weld to the longitudinal steel reinforcing rods 2. The lower part of the volume-reinforcing frame is concreted with the formation of a monolithic concrete base 4, made in the form of a bar, the longitudinal axial line of which is longer than the transverse axial line. On two sides of the upper face of the concrete base 4, continuous grooves 5 having an L-shape are made parallel to its longitudinal axial line, the horizontal shelves of which form the supporting surfaces for laying the inserts 6 and 7. The inserts 6 are parallelepiped, and the blocks are inserts 7 have a T-shaped base. The lower reinforcing belt can be reinforced with additional working reinforcement in the form of longitudinal reinforcing bars 8, which are not connected to the elements of the volumetric reinforcing frame. Beams with 6 insert blocks 6 and 7 laid in grooves 5 form a fixed formwork, on top of which a reinforcing mesh is laid, fastened with a fixed formwork with a layer of monolithic concrete poured at the site of the construction project. monolithic overlapping while expanding the range of used blocks of inserts. 8 s.p. f-ly, 9 FIG.

Description

The utility model relates to bearing ceilings, fully or partially concrete at the construction site and made up of monolithic and prefabricated elements, and can be used in construction as an element of prefabricated monolithic ceilings of buildings and structures for various purposes.

Prefabricated monolithic are ribbed reinforced concrete floors, the fixed formwork of which is assembled from individual elements (beams of fixed formwork, blocks, etc.) directly at the construction site. Prefabricated fixed formwork elements and other overlapping components (reinforcing cages, embedded elements) are fastened together as a result of concreting fixed formwork with monolithic concrete.

Known monolithic beam made in the form of a "dovetail" corresponding to the cavity between two deflected longitudinal ribs of adjacent reinforced concrete trough-like liners, and mounting reinforcing loops of two adjacent reinforced concrete trough-like liners are connected by reinforcing ties in place of the "dovetail" monolithic beams (patent RU 2534552, 2013).

Also known is a monolithic reinforced concrete beam for assembling a precast-monolithic overlap, made with a cross section in the form of a “dovetail” for laying “liner panels” with longitudinal inclined and transverse stiffeners, the cross section of monolithic beams made of fiber-reinforced concrete has the form of an equilateral trapezoid , the sides of which form an angle of 80-85 ° with its lower base (RU patent for utility model No. 161773, 2016).

Known reinforced concrete beams provide high strength, crack resistance and structural rigidity. At the same time, the installation of known ceilings requires the use of special construction equipment, is characterized by increased labor costs and time costs, as well as a significant weight of prefabricated-monolithic floors, which significantly increases the cost of construction. In addition, the small sizes of prefabricated elements require a large amount of installation work.

It is known steel-concrete slab containing vertically mounted steel trusses interconnected in the upper part of the hardened concrete mixture, and the trusses are made of elements of a C-shaped cold-formed profile made of steel sheet with a thickness of 0.5 to 3.0 mm, while the elements of the trusses interconnected detachably (RU patent for utility model No. 110108, 2011).

Known beam for precast-monolithic floors, made in the form of a steel spatial truss and has a height together with a reinforcing frame 0.7-0.95 structural height of the ceiling (PL 296716, 1994).

Known multi-functional modular uterine beam made of structural steel or similar lightweight material of a U-shaped profile, with holes along the entire length located on the back and / or on the sides and / or along the edges, with which the said uterine beam is connected to the back and / or sides and / or the edges of another uterine beam - at any angle (RT 105569, 2011).

Steel lattice beams are also known, for example, according to patent RU No. 133549 (2013) or lattice beams according to patent RU No. 161507 (2015), which have a height of 0.65-0.69 structural height of the ceiling with the possibility of mounting transverse distribution ribs to the beams.

Known metal beams provide weight reduction of prefabricated monolithic floors, reduce labor costs for its manufacture, simplify the installation of floors, as well as the possibility of using both low-rise and high-rise residential and public buildings and structures in construction. A disadvantage of the known beams is the relatively low level of bearing capacity on large spans (over 6 meters), increased metal consumption, the need for its anti-corrosion treatment.

Known design is widely used in house building and provides high reliability, strength and rigidity. However, the rectangular shape of the concrete base requires the execution of grooves on the inserts for reliable interfacing with the concrete base of the beam. This significantly reduces the assortment of liner blocks to hollow expanded clay concrete blocks-liners, which are serially manufactured with such grooves. In relation to other blocks, additional machining is required, for example, for aerated concrete blocks, polystyrene concrete blocks, polystyrene foam blocks and other known blocks used in housing construction.

Known reinforced concrete crossbar of monolithic overlapping, consisting of concrete, longitudinal working reinforcement and other reinforcing bars and products and having a rectangular cross section, along the entire length of the upper face there are loop outlets of transverse reinforcement with a fixed pitch, and at the ends of the reinforced concrete crossbar there are outlets of longitudinal working fittings and dowels of a triangular section, one or two on each side (RU patent for utility model 126722, 2012). For more rigid coupling of the reinforced concrete crossbar with the column, on the upper edge of the supporting part of the reinforced concrete crossbar, there are rectangular or triangular beams for laying mounting support reinforcement.

Closest to the proposed one is a reinforced concrete frame, including precast reinforced concrete columns with consoles, bearing cross-sections of T-section with undercuts at the ends for supporting columns on the console, flooring from hollow core slabs and monolithic concrete, floor slabs on end faces have rectangular undercuts, crossbar, the shelves of which are located below, has dowels on the lateral surfaces, valve outlets and embedded parts on the lateral edges of the trim, the height of the crossbar ensures that it is at the same level the lower edge of the floor slab and the lower edge of the crossbar, the upper edge of the crossbar protrudes above the upper edge of the floor slab by the thickness of the screed, the reinforced concrete column has embedded parts and horizontal keys, when the crossbar is mounted on the column console, the embedded parts of the crossbar and embedded parts on the side faces of the column are located in one planes, monolithic concrete of the crossbar-column mating unit in the zone of releases of the reinforcement of the crossbar and the keys of the column repeats the contour of the crossbar of the crossbar, forming a shelf for supporting the floor slab in the alignment of the columns (RU patent for utility model number 130 328 2013).

Known constructions of precast-monolithic overlapping allow for reliable coupling of the reinforced concrete crossbar with the frame due to the monoling of the valve outlets in the overlap. However, the known structures have a high complexity due to the use of complex formwork, do not provide the possibility of simple and efficient installation of precast-monolithic floors using a wide range of liner blocks.

The technical problem is the increased labor costs for the installation of prefabricated monolithic floors.

EFFECT: reduced time and laboriousness for installation of often-ribbed precast-monolithic overlapping while expanding the assortment of used liner blocks.

The claimed technical result is achieved by the fact that a precast-monolithic slab is declared, containing beams for precast-monolithic overlapping, insert blocks, together with beams, performing the function of fixed formwork, reinforcing mesh and a bonding layer of monolithic concrete, while the beam for precast-monolithic overlap is a volume-reinforcing frame, the parts of which are connected to each other in one piece and are made of metal reinforcement, the lower part of the volume-reinforcing frame is concreted with the formation of cast concrete base, made in the form of a bar, the longitudinal axial line of which is longer than the transverse axial line, and the longitudinal section of the concrete base is in the form of a rectangle, on both sides of the upper face of the concrete base parallel to the longitudinal axial line are formed by forming continuous grooves having a L-shaped horizontal the shelves of which form the supporting surface for laying the blocks-inserts, volume-reinforcing frame contains longitudinal reinforcement made of reinforcing bars, which are placed are reinforced in the body of the concrete base, and the transverse reinforcement, which is made in the form of loop outlets along the entire length of the upper face of the concrete base with a fixed pitch, the insert blocks with lateral faces are mated with continuous grooves of the concrete base of the respective beams, forming a fixed formwork, on which reinforcing is laid on top mesh bonded with fixed formwork with a layer of monolithic concrete poured at the construction site.

As a volume-reinforcing frame, a trigon is used, which is a triangular trellised truss, which is widely used in housing construction. Longitudinal reinforcement is represented by steel reinforcing bars placed in the body of the concrete base parallel to the longitudinal axial line, and offset relative to it to the side faces of the concrete base, forming the lower reinforcing belt of the volume-reinforcing frame. Transverse reinforcement is represented by steel loop outlets protruding above the upper face of the concrete base. Each loop outlet is represented by two loops made of bent steel reinforcing bars and connected to each other by peaks. The lower parts of the loops are connected to the corresponding reinforcing rods of the longitudinal reinforcement of the lower reinforcing belt. The joints of the parts of the volumetric reinforcement cage are made by welding. The upper parts of the loop outlets protruding above the concrete base along the entire length of the longitudinal axial line are connected to the longitudinal reinforcing bar, forming the upper reinforcing belt. By changing the height of the volume-reinforcing frame and the diameter of its reinforcement, the bearing capacity of the floors and the dimensions of the spans to be overlapped are changed. To ensure the necessary load-bearing capacity of the beam ceiling, the lower reinforcing belt can be reinforced with additional longitudinal working reinforcement, which is installed in the manufacture of the beam. The diameter of the additional longitudinal working reinforcement of the lower reinforcing belt can vary from 6 to 18 mm.

The concrete base in the form of a bar has preferably a width of 120-150 mm and a thickness of 40-55 mm, into which the lower reinforcing belt of the volume-reinforcing frame is partially concreted. For the manufacture of a concrete base, concrete of at least class B20 is used.

Continuous grooves of the L-shaped form on both sides of the concrete base to create a supporting surface for laying the inserts are made by molding in the manufacture of the beam. In a concrete base, the horizontal flanges of the L-shaped groove are preferably 20 mm long. The vertical and horizontal shelves of the L-shaped groove may have equal lengths or the shelves may have different lengths. In any case, the shelves of the L-shaped groove should provide the opportunity to interact with the faces of the blocks-liners and support them on the supporting surface of the beam.

Insert blocks are structures that on two sides of the beam are mated with its continuous grooves of an L-shaped form, can be made of various materials - polystyrene concrete blocks, polystyrene blocks, cellular concrete blocks, screening blocks - sand blocks, foam concrete blocks, expanded clay concrete blocks blocks, aerated concrete blocks, etc.

For the claimed beam can be used block inserts, which have the usual shape, having a rectangular cross section in the transverse direction, and does not require the preparation of the parts mating with the beam by forming grooves or other shaped parts or have a T-shaped base. This greatly expands the possibilities of creating a permanent formwork for the monolithic part of the floor, provides the possibility of thermal resistance, sound absorption, etc.

Reinforcing mesh and a bonding layer of concrete are used in accordance with accepted standards for the construction of precast-monolithic floors.

Comparison of the claimed utility model with the closest device allows us to conclude that the criterion of "novelty", as compared with the prototype, it is characterized by the following distinctive features:

- precast-monolithic overlap contains beams for precast-monolithic overlap, block inserts, together with beams, performing the function of fixed formwork, reinforcing mesh and a bonding layer of cast concrete;

- the beam for precast-monolithic overlapping is a volume-reinforcing frame, parts of which are connected to each other inseparably;

- volume-reinforcing frame contains transverse reinforcement, which is made in the form of loop outlets along the entire length of the upper face of the concrete base with a fixed pitch and concreted monolithic base with longitudinal reinforcement;

- the beam base is in the form of a rectangle, on the two sides of the upper face of the concrete base parallel to the longitudinal axial line, continuous grooves having a L-shape are formed by molding, the horizontal shelves of which form the supporting surfaces for laying the liner blocks;

- liner blocks with lateral faces are connected with continuous grooves of the concrete base of the respective beams, forming a fixed formwork;

- the reinforcing mesh is laid on top of the fixed formwork;

- fixed formwork and reinforcing mesh are fastened with a layer of monolithic concrete poured at the construction site.

Distinctive features in conjunction with the remaining features of the claimed beam compared to the prototype allows to achieve the claimed technical result - expanding the assortment of liner blocks, since the L-shaped groove allows you to stack liner blocks having rectangular faces. The presence of continuous grooves at the same time reduces the time and laboriousness of installing a frequently ribbed precast-monolithic overlap due to the facilitation of the technological operation of laying the liner blocks. In industry, the bulk of the liner blocks is parallelepiped-shaped, which allows you to stack blocks produced by the industry without additional mechanical processing, for example, by trimming. Insert blocks can have a T-shaped base, the formation of which does not require significant material and labor costs. Continuous grooves of an L-shaped form on the basis of a beam allow to realize various ways of laying a wide range of inserts with minimal labor costs.

The beam used in the claimed design allows to reduce the time and labor required for the installation of the often ribbed precast-monolithic ceiling by reducing the complexity of the volume of reinforcing and preparatory work and

reducing the number of technological supports used (inventory racks or wooden blocks).

The inventive beam can be made of known materials by known methods, which allows us to conclude that the criterion of "industrial applicability".

The inventive beam is illustrated by the following drawings.

In FIG. 1 shows the inventive beam for precast-monolithic overlapping (general view);

In FIG. 2 - the same in cross section

In FIG. 3 shows the inventive beam for precast-monolithic overlapping with additional working reinforcement of the lower reinforcing belt (general view);

In FIG. 4 - the same in cross section;

In FIG. 5 shows a beam with parallelepiped-shaped inserts (general view);

In FIG. 6 - the same in cross section;

In FIG. 7 shows a beam with blocks-inserts with a T-shaped base (general view);

In FIG. 8- the same in cross section;

In FIG. 9 shows a diagram of the formation of the inventive beam for precast monolithic overlap.

The inventive beam contains a volume-reinforcing frame, consisting of transverse steel reinforcement 1, which is made in the form of loop outlets, and the lower part, which forms the lower reinforcing belt, made of longitudinal steel reinforcing bars 2. Loop outlets of the transverse reinforcement 1 are made with a fixed step, the tops of the loop outlets are connected by a weld to a steel reinforcing bar 3, forming the upper reinforcing belt. The lower part of the transverse reinforcement is connected by a weld to the longitudinal steel reinforcing rods 2. The lower part of the volume-reinforcing frame is concreted with the formation of a monolithic concrete base 4, made in the form of a bar, the longitudinal axial line of which is longer than the transverse axial line. On two sides of the upper face of the concrete base 4, continuous grooves 5 having an L-shape are made parallel to its longitudinal axial line, the horizontal shelves of which form the supporting surfaces for laying the inserts 6 and 7. The inserts 6 are parallelepiped, and the blocks are inserts 7 have a T-shaped base. The lower reinforcing belt can be reinforced with additional working reinforcement in the form of longitudinal reinforcing bars 8, which are not connected to the elements of the volumetric reinforcing frame.

The inventive beam is obtained as follows.

According to the production location map, the arrangement of the rigid technological tooling system 9 is initially carried out (Fig. 10), into which the form-forming elements 10 of the formwork are installed with their subsequent fastening together to prevent the concrete from flowing to the main technological part. Auxiliary elements 11 (“choppers”) are installed, having gutters for installing and positioning the lower reinforcing belt in the form of steel reinforcing rods 2 and additional longitudinal reinforcing rods 8 in the marking area according to the lengths of the beams. Then, concreting of the assembled beam structure for prefabricated monolithic overlap is carried out. Concreting is carried out according to the technical conditions of the enterprise with concrete not lower than the rated strength class, in the region 12 shown in FIG. 10. Using the forming elements 10 form grooves 5 in the concrete base 4 beams.

The inventive device is used in the following way.

Beams for prefabricated monolithic floors are laid on a cleaned, pre-aligned horizontal surface of the wall (bolt) with a fixed pitch depending on the size of aerated concrete or polystyrene or other liner blocks 6, 7. During installation, when the span is more than 3 meters, the base 4 beams propped up with inventory racks or wooden blocks. Between adjacent beams on the horizontal shelves of the L-shaped grooves 5, the inserts 6 or 7 are stacked, as shown in FIG. 5 - FIG. 8. Installation of inserts 6, 7 is carried out manually or using small mechanization. After assembling the prefabricated overlap elements, reinforcing mesh (not shown) made of steel V500C (GOST R 52544-2006) is laid on the insert blocks 6, 7. The prefabricated floor structure performs the function of a fixed floor formwork, onto which a fastening layer of monolithic concrete (not shown) is poured not lower than class B20 (M250) - a concrete diaphragm.

The use of the inventive beam for precast-monolithic floors allows you to expand the range of monolithic ribbed plates with high load-bearing capacity with minimum weight. In addition, the use of the inventive beam allows installation without the use of crane equipment; reduce the cost of installing the floor; make the final processing of the elements (shorten, cut) directly on the construction site; due to the expansion of the assortment of inserts, it allows to provide improved thermal conductivity and sound insulation; and also allows you to use the inventive beam for the overlap of wall structures of complex shape with protrusions and bay windows, implementing various planning decisions; refuse to use a screed to level the base.

Claims (9)

1. Precast-monolithic flooring containing beams for prefabricated-monolithic overlapping, block inserts, together with beams, performing the function of fixed formwork, reinforcing mesh and a bonding layer of cast concrete, while the beam for precast-monolithic overlap is a volume-reinforcing frame, parts of which are connected to each other inseparably and made of metal reinforcement, the lower part of the volume-reinforcing frame is concreted with the formation of a monolithic concrete base made in the form of a bar, sold the axial line of which is longer than the transverse axial line, and the longitudinal section of the concrete base is in the form of a rectangle, on both sides of the upper face of the concrete base parallel to the longitudinal axial line are formed by forming continuous grooves having a L-shape, the horizontal shelves of which form the supporting surfaces for laying the blocks of inserts, the volume-reinforcing frame contains longitudinal reinforcement made of reinforcing bars that are placed in the body of the concrete base, and transverse reinforcement, which is filled in the form of loop outlets along the entire length of the upper face of the concrete base with a fixed pitch, the insert blocks with the lateral faces are mated with continuous grooves of the concrete base of the respective beams, forming a fixed formwork, on top of which a reinforcing mesh is laid, fastened with a fixed formwork with a layer of cast concrete poured at the construction site. 2. Precast-monolithic overlapping according to claim 1, characterized in that in the monolithic concrete base of the beam there is an additional longitudinal working reinforcement in the form of longitudinal metal reinforcing bars. 3. Precast-monolithic overlap according to claim 1, characterized in that the looped outlets of the beam along the entire length of the longitudinal axial line of the monolithic concrete base are connected to the longitudinal reinforcing bar. 4. The precast-monolithic floor according to claim 1, characterized in that the monolithic concrete base of the beam in the form of a bar has preferably a width of 120-150 mm and a thickness of 40-55 mm. 5. The precast-monolithic ceiling according to claim 1, characterized in that the horizontal shelf of the L-shaped groove of the beam has a length of preferably 20 mm. 6. Prefabricated monolithic overlap according to claim 1, characterized in that the interlocking blocks interfaced with a continuous groove have a parallelepiped shape. 7. The precast-monolithic overlap according to claim 1, characterized in that the bushings mating with a continuous groove have a T-shaped base. 8. The precast-monolithic floor according to claim 1, characterized in that the monolithic concrete base of the beam in the form of a bar is formed from concrete not lower than class B20. 9. Precast monolithic flooring according to claim 1, characterized in that polystyrene concrete blocks, polystyrene foam blocks, cellular concrete blocks, sand concrete blocks, foam concrete blocks, expanded clay concrete blocks, aerated concrete blocks are laid as blocks of inserts in the continuous grooves.

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