EP0715765B1 - Materiau de contact a base d'argent, utilisation d'un tel materiau dans un appareil de commutation en technique des courants forts et procede de fabrication de ce materiau - Google Patents

Materiau de contact a base d'argent, utilisation d'un tel materiau dans un appareil de commutation en technique des courants forts et procede de fabrication de ce materiau Download PDF

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Publication number
EP0715765B1
EP0715765B1 EP94923654A EP94923654A EP0715765B1 EP 0715765 B1 EP0715765 B1 EP 0715765B1 EP 94923654 A EP94923654 A EP 94923654A EP 94923654 A EP94923654 A EP 94923654A EP 0715765 B1 EP0715765 B1 EP 0715765B1
Authority
EP
European Patent Office
Prior art keywords
contact material
oxide
silver
material according
present
Prior art date
Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
Expired - Lifetime
Application number
EP94923654A
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German (de)
English (en)
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EP0715765A1 (fr
Inventor
Franz Hauner
Current Assignee (The listed assignees may be inaccurate. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation or warranty as to the accuracy of the list.)
Siemens AG
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Siemens AG
Priority date (The priority date is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the date listed.)
Filing date
Publication date
Priority claimed from DE19934328281 external-priority patent/DE4328281A1/de
Application filed by Siemens AG filed Critical Siemens AG
Publication of EP0715765A1 publication Critical patent/EP0715765A1/fr
Application granted granted Critical
Publication of EP0715765B1 publication Critical patent/EP0715765B1/fr
Anticipated expiration legal-status Critical
Expired - Lifetime legal-status Critical Current

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Classifications

    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01H—ELECTRIC SWITCHES; RELAYS; SELECTORS; EMERGENCY PROTECTIVE DEVICES
    • H01H1/00—Contacts
    • H01H1/02—Contacts characterised by the material thereof
    • H01H1/021—Composite material
    • H01H1/023—Composite material having a noble metal as the basic material
    • H01H1/0237—Composite material having a noble metal as the basic material and containing oxides
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01H—ELECTRIC SWITCHES; RELAYS; SELECTORS; EMERGENCY PROTECTIVE DEVICES
    • H01H1/00—Contacts
    • H01H1/02—Contacts characterised by the material thereof
    • H01H1/021—Composite material
    • H01H1/023—Composite material having a noble metal as the basic material
    • H01H1/0237—Composite material having a noble metal as the basic material and containing oxides
    • H01H2001/02378—Composite material having a noble metal as the basic material and containing oxides containing iron-oxide as major component

Definitions

  • Silver-based contact material use of such Contact material in a switching device in energy technology and method for producing the contact material
  • the invention relates to a contact material based on silver-iron oxide (AgFe 2 O 3 / Fe 3 O 4 ), the iron oxide being the main active component in mass fractions of 3 to 20% and at least one further metal oxide being present as the secondary component.
  • the invention relates to the use of such a contact material in a switching device in power engineering and to the associated method for producing the contact material.
  • contact materials are known on the one hand of the silver-metal system (AgMe) and on the other hand of the silver-metal oxide (AgmeO) system.
  • Representatives of the first system are, for example, silver-nickel (AgNi) or silver-iron (AgFe);
  • Representatives of the second system are in particular silver-cadmium oxide (AgCdO) and silver-tin oxide (AgSnO 2 ).
  • metal oxides such as, in particular, bismuth oxide (Bi 2 O 3 ), copper oxide (CuO) and / or tantalum oxide (Ta 2 O 5 ).
  • bismuth oxide Bi 2 O 3
  • CuO copper oxide
  • Ta 2 O 5 tantalum oxide
  • DE-A 26 59 012 mentions a number of metals which should be suitable as embeddings for silver-containing contact materials.
  • the practical usability of a contact material Silver-metal or silver-metal oxide base is made by the so-called electrical "contact property spectrum" determined. Relevant parameters are the lifespan switching number on the one hand, by the erosion of the contact piece is determined, and the so-called overtemperature on the other hand, i.e. the contact heating at the contact bridge and at the connections, which essentially result from the electrical resistance of the mentioned contact structure results. A sufficiently low tendency to sweat is also important of the contact pieces and sufficient corrosion resistance. Because it should be noted that long-term corrosion of the material in air switchgear Switching properties can change over time.
  • a contact material known from silver metal oxide in which as metal oxides at least copper oxide as the main active component and at least one of the components zinc oxide, tin oxide, antimony oxide as Auxiliary components are present.
  • the material inter alia also in parts of yttrium oxide or lanthanum oxide have from 0.005 to 2% by weight.
  • JP-A-1/055345 a material of the type mentioned is known, that of a silver matrix with 0.5 to 20 percent by weight distribute iron oxide particles, in which a part of the Iron oxide by at least one of the oxides of nickel, Cobalt, chrome, molybdenum, tungsten, cadmium, zinc, antimony, Tin, bismuth, indium, lead, manganese, beryllium, calcium, Magnesium or copper is replaced.
  • Contact pieces should be used for switches good mechanical properties and high arc resistance award.
  • W0-A-92/22080 has already proposed a contact material in which rhenium oxide and / or bismuth zirconate and / or boron oxide and / or zirconium oxide are present in addition to the iron oxide as a further active component, the iron oxide as the main component in proportions by weight between 1 and 50 % and the secondary components are present in mass fractions between 0.01 and 5%.
  • the iron oxide can have the constitution Fe 2 O 3 or Fe 3 O 4 , but optionally also a mixed form.
  • the object is achieved in that the Subcomponent an oxide of an element of the third subgroup of the periodic table and in mass fractions of 0.1 up to 10%.
  • the elements of the sixth subgroup of the Periodic table contains.
  • the iron oxide as the main active component is preferably present either in mass fractions of 7.5 to 15% or in mass fractions of 4 to 7.5%, while the further oxide preferably has a mass fraction between 0.5 to 2%.
  • the elements scandium (Sc), yttrium (Y) and lanthanum (La) with the other lantanides are suitable as elements for the further active component from the third subgroup of the periodic table.
  • the further active component is yttrium oxide (Y 2 O 3 ).
  • a material with the composition Ag / Fe 2 O 3 1O / Y 2 O 3 1 fulfills the requirements particularly well.
  • ferrotungstate FeWO 4
  • FeWO 4 ferrotungstate
  • a material with the composition Ag / Fe 2 O 3 9 / Y 2 O 3 1 / FeWO 4 0.5 has proven particularly useful.
  • the new contact materials are produced according to the invention in that initially silver powder and iron oxide powder are mixed together in a predetermined ratio, that this mixture is mixed with the other metal oxides and that then the further processing by alternating sintering and pressing.
  • the table shows measured values for the overtemperature of the new one Materials, each on the contact bridge of the switching device was measured as the maximum and average bridge temperatures as well as measured values for the combustion behavior specified.
  • the table contains a typical one Example with a meaningful composition of the invention Contact material.
  • the measurements were taken directly a contact bridge of the 15KW test contactor with two each Contact pieces. The measurement results are described below in individual received.
  • Example 1 Ag / Fe 2 O 3 1O / Y 2 O 3 1 contact material
  • a material of the composition Ag / Fe 2 O 3 1O / Y 2 O 3 1 is to be produced.
  • separate silver powder and iron oxide powder are first mixed in a predetermined ratio, and 1m% yttrium oxide powder is added to this powder mixture.
  • the further production takes place in a known manner by alternating sintering and pressing under predetermined boundary conditions.
  • the contact pieces are manufactured either by an extrusion technique or by a molding technique. In both cases, the backs are already provided with a solderable and / or weldable silver layer during manufacture to ensure a secure connection technology.
  • the contact pieces of the constitution Ag / Fe 2 O 3 / Y 2 O 3 thus produced were subjected to comparative tests with known contact materials in the contactor specified, the results of which are shown in the table.
  • the table first shows an AgNi20 contact material with the known good properties both with regard to the bridge temperature and with regard to the erosion. These values deteriorate significantly in the case of AgFe 2 O 3 contact materials with only iron oxide to replace the nickel, the maximum temperatures observed for individual switching bridges being inadmissibly high. An increase proportional to the oxide content is observed, while the burn-off decreases as expected.
  • Zirconium oxide (ZrO 2 ) in particular has proven itself, with the results listed in the table.
  • a low maximum bridge temperature and an excellent average bridge temperature are found here with a low iron oxide content, in particular with less than about 7.5% by weight of Fe 2 O 3 , although the burnup is unsatisfactory. The latter only drops at higher iron oxide contents, ie from about 7.5% by weight Fe 2 O 3 , although a deterioration in the temperature behavior can be observed.
  • the table also shows that the temperature behavior especially by adding yttrium oxide in is surprisingly improved without the Burning deteriorated considerably.
  • the yttrium oxide content can in the range between 0.1 and 10% by mass lie.
  • the temperature behavior of the material Ag / Fe 2 O 3 1O / Y 2 O 3 1 in particular is directly comparable with that of AgNi10.
  • the burn-up is now significantly lower than the burn-up in the known materials. For example, with a switching number of 50,000, a burn-up was only about 20% above the silver-nickel, while it is significantly higher with the other substitute materials.
  • the other chemical elements of the third subgroup of the periodic table may also be considered as secondary components for an AgFe 2 O 3 material.
  • Example 2 Ag / Fe 2 O 3 9 / Y 2 O 3 1 / FeWO 4 0.5 contact material
  • this material separate is first Silver powder and iron oxide powder in the specified ratio mixed and this powder mixture 1 mass% yttrium oxide powder and 0.5% by mass of iron tungstate powder.
  • the further one Manufactured in a known manner by alternating Sintering and pressing under specified conditions.
  • Contact pieces are made from this material either by an extrusion technique or a molding technique. In both cases, the backs are made during manufacture the contact pieces with a solderable and / or weldable Silver layer to ensure a secure connection technology of the contact pieces.
  • Example 2 it was found that the material according to Example 2 not only achieves the favorable temperature properties of the sintered contact materials of the constitution Ag / Fe 2 O 3 / Y 2 O 3 already proposed in Example 1, but also in particular improves the welding and short-circuit behavior . This material is therefore particularly suitable for use in circuit breakers.

Landscapes

  • Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Composite Materials (AREA)
  • Materials Engineering (AREA)
  • Contacts (AREA)
  • Powder Metallurgy (AREA)
  • Manufacture Of Alloys Or Alloy Compounds (AREA)
  • Manufacture Of Switches (AREA)

Abstract

Il est proposé des matériaux à base d'argent-oxyde de fer comme matériaux de remplacement pour l'argent-nickel souvent utilisé jusqu'à présent dans la pratique, en particulier pour des pièces de contact dans des commutateurs basse tension. Conformément à l'invention, un tel matériau renferme comme autre composant actif, un oxyde d'un métal du troisième sous-groupe, en particulier l'oxyde d'yttrium (Y2O3). Par exemple, un matériau de composition Ag/Fe2O310/Y2O31 remplit toutes conditions, grâce à son bon comportement à la chaleur, pour répondre aux exigences relatives aux propriétés de contact. En outre, un matériau selon l'invention peut comprendre au moins un oxyde métallique renfermant l'élément du sixième sous-groupe de la Classification périodique, de préférence le wolframate de fer (FeWO4) peut être également présent. En particulier, un matériau ayant la composition Ag/Fe2O39/Y2O31/FeWO40,5 s'est révélé satisfaisant par suite de sont comportement nettement amélioré au soudage et aux courts-circuits.

Claims (13)

  1. Matériau de contact à base d'argent-oxyde de fer (AgFe2O3/Fe3O4), où l'oxyde de fer en tant que constituant actif principal est présent en des quantités de 3 à 20 % en masse, et au moins un autre oxyde métallique est présent en tant que constituant secondaire, caractérisé en ce que le constituant secondaire est un oxyde d'un élément du troisième sous-groupe du Tableau Périodique et est présent en des quantités de 0,1 à 10 % en masse.
  2. Matériau de contact selon la revendication 1, caractérisé en ce que l'oxyde fer (Fe2O3/Fe3O4) est présent en des quantités de 7,5 à 15 % en masse.
  3. Matériau de contact selon la revendication 2, caractérisé en ce que l'oxyde fer (Fe2O3/Fe3O4) est présent en des quantités de 9 à 12 % en masse.
  4. Matériau de contact selon la revendication 3, caractérisé en ce que l'oxyde fer (Fe2O3/Fe3O4) est présent en des quantités de 4 à 7,5 % en masse.
  5. Matériau de contact selon la revendication 1, caractérisé en ce que l'autre constituant actif est l'oxyde d'yttrium (Y2O3).
  6. Matériau de contact selon la revendication 5, caractérisé en ce que l'oxyde d'yttrium (Y2O3) est présent en des quantités de 0,5 à 5 % en masse.
  7. Matériau de contact selon l'une des revendications précédentes, caractérisé par la composition Ag/Fe2O310/Y2O31.
  8. Matériau de contact selon la revendication 1, caractérisé en ce qu'est présent en outre au moins un oxyde métallique supplémentaire, qui contient des éléments du sixième sous-groupe du Tableau Périodique.
  9. Matériau de contact selon la revendication 8, caractérisé en ce que l'oxyde métallique supplémentaire est le tungstate de fer (FeWO4).
  10. Matériau de contact selon la revendication 9, caractérisé en ce que le tungstate de fer (FeWO4) est présent en des quantités de 0,1 à 1 %.
  11. Matériau de contact selon la revendication 10, caractérisé par la composition Ag/Fe2O39/Y2O31/FeWO40,5.
  12. Procédé de fabrication d'un matériau de contact à base d'argent-oxyde de fer, qui outre l'oxyde de fer en tant que constituant actif principal contient en tant qu'autres constituants secondaires au moins un oxyde d'un élément du troisième sous-groupe du Tableau Périodique, le reste étant constitué d'argent, l'oxyde de fer étant présent en des quantités de 3 à 20 % en masse et le constituant secondaire en des quantités de 0,1 à 10 % en masse, procédé comportant les étapes suivantes :
    tout d'abord, on mélange l'une à l'autre une poudre d'argent et une poudre d'oxyde de fer selon une proportion prédéfinie,
    on ajoute à ce mélange au moins un oxyde d'un élément du troisième sous-groupe du Tableau Périodique et éventuellement au moins un oxyde métallique supplémentaire, qui contient des éléments du sixième sous-groupe du Tableau Périodique,
    puis a lieu la suite des opérations, par frittage et compression alternés.
  13. Utilisation d'un matériau de contact selon la revendication 1 ou l'une des revendications 2 à 11 dans un appareil de connexion dans la technique des courants forts, en particulier dans un interrupteur basse tension.
EP94923654A 1993-08-23 1994-08-16 Materiau de contact a base d'argent, utilisation d'un tel materiau dans un appareil de commutation en technique des courants forts et procede de fabrication de ce materiau Expired - Lifetime EP0715765B1 (fr)

Applications Claiming Priority (5)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
DE19934328281 DE4328281A1 (de) 1993-08-23 1993-08-23 Kontaktwerkstoff auf Silberbasis zur Verwendung in Schaltgeräten der Energietechnik
DE4328281 1993-08-23
DE4410462A DE4410462A1 (de) 1993-08-23 1994-03-25 Kontaktwerkstoff auf Silberbasis zur Verwendung in Schaltgeräten der Energietechnik
DE4410462 1994-03-25
PCT/DE1994/000935 WO1995006321A1 (fr) 1993-08-23 1994-08-16 Materiau de contact a base d'argent, utilisation d'un tel materiau dans un appareil de commutation en technique des courants forts et procede de fabrication de ce materiau

Publications (2)

Publication Number Publication Date
EP0715765A1 EP0715765A1 (fr) 1996-06-12
EP0715765B1 true EP0715765B1 (fr) 1998-01-21

Family

ID=25928842

Family Applications (1)

Application Number Title Priority Date Filing Date
EP94923654A Expired - Lifetime EP0715765B1 (fr) 1993-08-23 1994-08-16 Materiau de contact a base d'argent, utilisation d'un tel materiau dans un appareil de commutation en technique des courants forts et procede de fabrication de ce materiau

Country Status (8)

Country Link
US (1) US5796017A (fr)
EP (1) EP0715765B1 (fr)
JP (2) JP3676365B2 (fr)
CN (1) CN1056012C (fr)
BR (1) BR9407450A (fr)
DE (1) DE59405126D1 (fr)
ES (1) ES2113671T3 (fr)
WO (1) WO1995006321A1 (fr)

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BR9710794A (pt) * 1996-08-01 1999-08-17 Metalor Contacts Deutschland G Processo para a prepara-Æo de um produto de um amterial de contato a base de prata material de contato bem como produto do material de contato
DE60107578T2 (de) * 2001-07-18 2005-12-22 Nec Schott Components Corp., Koka Thermische sicherung
US7131768B2 (en) * 2003-12-16 2006-11-07 Harco Laboratories, Inc. Extended temperature range EMF device
CN1302134C (zh) * 2003-12-28 2007-02-28 西安工程科技学院 纳米SnO2/Fe2O3共混掺杂银基电接触合金及其制备工艺
CN1820335A (zh) * 2004-06-18 2006-08-16 田中贵金属工业株式会社 密封式交流负荷用继电器以及其中使用的Ag系接点元件材料
CN104282448B (zh) * 2013-08-11 2017-04-19 济南大学 一种耐电弧烧蚀铜基电接触复合材料
CN105428148B (zh) * 2015-11-23 2019-03-29 芜湖楚江合金铜材有限公司 一种大功率复合电气接插件及其加工工艺
CN105810461A (zh) * 2016-04-16 2016-07-27 苏州思创源博电子科技有限公司 一种铜基电触点材料的制备方法
CN106158436B (zh) * 2016-07-20 2019-04-30 永兴金荣材料技术有限公司 银基电触头及其制造方法、专用设备、专用模具
CN107591257B (zh) * 2017-10-20 2020-11-10 温州宏丰电工合金股份有限公司 一种银基多层复合电接触材料及其制备方法

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DE2659012C3 (de) * 1976-12-27 1980-01-24 Siemens Ag, 1000 Berlin Und 8000 Muenchen Verfahren zum Herstellen eines Sinterkontaktwerkstoffes aus Silber und eingelagerten Metalloxiden
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JPH0760623B2 (ja) * 1986-01-21 1995-06-28 株式会社東芝 真空バルブ用接点合金
JP3298634B2 (ja) * 1990-02-27 2002-07-02 大豊工業株式会社 摺動材料
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DE4117311A1 (de) * 1991-05-27 1992-12-03 Siemens Ag Kontaktwerkstoff auf silberbasis zur verwendung in schaltgeraeten der energietechnik
EP0645049B1 (fr) * 1992-06-10 1996-04-03 DODUCO GMBH + Co Dr. Eugen DÀ¼rrwächter Matiere pour contacts electriques a base d'oxyde d'etain et d'argent ou d'oxyde de zinc et d'argent
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JPH0896643A (ja) * 1994-09-28 1996-04-12 Matsushita Electric Works Ltd 電気接点材料

Also Published As

Publication number Publication date
JP3676365B2 (ja) 2005-07-27
US5796017A (en) 1998-08-18
WO1995006321A1 (fr) 1995-03-02
CN1133646A (zh) 1996-10-16
JP2005166683A (ja) 2005-06-23
BR9407450A (pt) 1996-11-12
ES2113671T3 (es) 1998-05-01
DE59405126D1 (de) 1998-02-26
CN1056012C (zh) 2000-08-30
EP0715765A1 (fr) 1996-06-12
JPH09501739A (ja) 1997-02-18

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