EP0369282B1 - Matériau de contact fritté dans appareillages interrupteurs à basse tension de la technique de l'énergie, spécialement pour des contacteurs - Google Patents

Matériau de contact fritté dans appareillages interrupteurs à basse tension de la technique de l'énergie, spécialement pour des contacteurs Download PDF

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Publication number
EP0369282B1
EP0369282B1 EP89120514A EP89120514A EP0369282B1 EP 0369282 B1 EP0369282 B1 EP 0369282B1 EP 89120514 A EP89120514 A EP 89120514A EP 89120514 A EP89120514 A EP 89120514A EP 0369282 B1 EP0369282 B1 EP 0369282B1
Authority
EP
European Patent Office
Prior art keywords
oxide
contact material
material according
mass fraction
amounts
Prior art date
Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
Expired - Lifetime
Application number
EP89120514A
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German (de)
English (en)
Other versions
EP0369282A3 (fr
EP0369282A2 (fr
Inventor
Wolfgang Haufe
Bernhard Rothkegel
Current Assignee (The listed assignees may be inaccurate. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation or warranty as to the accuracy of the list.)
Siemens AG
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Siemens AG
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Filing date
Publication date
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Publication of EP0369282A2 publication Critical patent/EP0369282A2/fr
Publication of EP0369282A3 publication Critical patent/EP0369282A3/fr
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Classifications

    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01H—ELECTRIC SWITCHES; RELAYS; SELECTORS; EMERGENCY PROTECTIVE DEVICES
    • H01H1/00—Contacts
    • H01H1/02—Contacts characterised by the material thereof
    • H01H1/021—Composite material
    • H01H1/023—Composite material having a noble metal as the basic material
    • H01H1/0237—Composite material having a noble metal as the basic material and containing oxides
    • H01H1/02372—Composite material having a noble metal as the basic material and containing oxides containing as major components one or more oxides of the following elements only: Cd, Sn, Zn, In, Bi, Sb or Te
    • H01H1/02376—Composite material having a noble metal as the basic material and containing oxides containing as major components one or more oxides of the following elements only: Cd, Sn, Zn, In, Bi, Sb or Te containing as major component SnO2
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C22—METALLURGY; FERROUS OR NON-FERROUS ALLOYS; TREATMENT OF ALLOYS OR NON-FERROUS METALS
    • C22C—ALLOYS
    • C22C32/00—Non-ferrous alloys containing at least 5% by weight but less than 50% by weight of oxides, carbides, borides, nitrides, silicides or other metal compounds, e.g. oxynitrides, sulfides, whether added as such or formed in situ
    • C22C32/001—Non-ferrous alloys containing at least 5% by weight but less than 50% by weight of oxides, carbides, borides, nitrides, silicides or other metal compounds, e.g. oxynitrides, sulfides, whether added as such or formed in situ with only oxides
    • C22C32/0015—Non-ferrous alloys containing at least 5% by weight but less than 50% by weight of oxides, carbides, borides, nitrides, silicides or other metal compounds, e.g. oxynitrides, sulfides, whether added as such or formed in situ with only oxides with only single oxides as main non-metallic constituents
    • C22C32/0021—Matrix based on noble metals, Cu or alloys thereof
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B22—CASTING; POWDER METALLURGY
    • B22F—WORKING METALLIC POWDER; MANUFACTURE OF ARTICLES FROM METALLIC POWDER; MAKING METALLIC POWDER; APPARATUS OR DEVICES SPECIALLY ADAPTED FOR METALLIC POWDER
    • B22F2998/00—Supplementary information concerning processes or compositions relating to powder metallurgy
    • B22F2998/10—Processes characterised by the sequence of their steps
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01H—ELECTRIC SWITCHES; RELAYS; SELECTORS; EMERGENCY PROTECTIVE DEVICES
    • H01H11/00—Apparatus or processes specially adapted for the manufacture of electric switches
    • H01H11/04—Apparatus or processes specially adapted for the manufacture of electric switches of switch contacts
    • H01H11/048—Apparatus or processes specially adapted for the manufacture of electric switches of switch contacts by powder-metallurgical processes

Definitions

  • the invention relates to a low-voltage switchgear sintered contact material of energy technology, especially for motor contactors, with silver (Ag), tin oxide (SnO2), bismuth oxide (Bi2O3) and copper oxide (CuO), produced as composite powder particles from an internally oxidized alloy powder (IOLP) a silver, Tin, bismuth-copper starting alloy, whereby the tin oxide is present in mass fractions of 4 to 12% and the ratio of the mass fractions of tin oxide to bismuth oxide on the one hand and of tin oxide to copper oxide in the internally oxidized alloy powder is between 8: 1 and 12: 1 .
  • IOLP internally oxidized alloy powder
  • Contact materials made from silver-tin oxide have proven to be particularly advantageous for use in low-voltage switchgear in power engineering, for example in motor contactors, but also in circuit breakers.
  • Contact pieces made of silver-tin oxide achieve a high number of life cycles in motor contactors, but have the disadvantage that thermally stable oxide layers form on the contact surfaces when exposed to arcing, which lead to increased contact resistance. This leads to inadmissibly high excess temperatures on the switching elements when the current is conducted in the switching device, which can lead to damage to the plastic parts.
  • the object of the invention is to improve a material made of internally oxidized alloy powder of the constitution AgSnO2Bi2O3CuO further.
  • the excess temperature should be as low as possible, the other properties being left in an optimal ratio to one another.
  • the object is achieved according to the invention in the case of a contact material of the type mentioned at the outset by zirconium oxide as a further metal oxide which is admixed with the internally oxidized alloy powder.
  • the mass fraction of zirconium oxide is between 0.1 and 5%.
  • a proportion of bismuth oxide can optionally be mixed with the zirconium oxide in the internally oxidized alloy powder.
  • the mass fraction of zirconium oxide and, if appropriate Bismuth oxide preferably between 0.1 and 5%, the total content of the oxides in mass fractions being a maximum of 20%.
  • a material for electrical contacts and a method for its production which contain 1 to 50% by volume of glass, which among other things can also contain 0 to 10% by weight of zirconium oxide .
  • the material specified there is intended in particular for low-current contacts in a configuration which is obvious because of the required sufficient abrasion resistance as sliding contacts. It must therefore have a high electrical conductivity and wear resistance and also be corrosion and oxidation resistant.
  • the material contains at least lead oxide and / or zinc oxide and silicon oxide, to which further oxides such as boron oxide and alkali oxides and optionally also aluminum oxide, zirconium oxide, titanium oxide and / or tin oxide can optionally be added. An influence of the latter oxides on the switching behavior is not discernible.
  • only zirconium oxide is added to a material of constitution AgSnO2Bi2O3CuO produced by internally oxidized alloy powder.
  • an internally oxidized alloy powder of a given composition is mixed with zirconium oxide powder and, if necessary, bismuth oxide powder is added for sintering with the liquid phase, organic solvents, in particular propanol, being used when the internally oxidized alloy powder is mixed with the powder of the additive oxides.
  • the table shows measured values for the number of life cycles and for the overtemperature.
  • the lifetime switching number corresponds to the volume erosion of the contact material and the overtemperature corresponds to the contact resistance.
  • alloys made of AgSnBiCu are melted at a temperature of approximately 1323 K (1050 ° C.). Alloy powders of the same composition are obtained by atomizing the melt with water in a pressure atomization system. After drying, the powders are sieved to ⁇ 300 »m. This portion is quantitatively internal oxidized in an oxygen-containing atmosphere at temperatures between 773 K (500 ° C) and 873 K (600 ° C), after which AgSnO2Bi2O3CuO powder of the following composition is obtained in percentages by mass:
  • the specified AgSnO2Bi2O3CuO powders, the powders of zirconium oxide and optionally additionally bismuth oxide were added by wet mixing in a stirred ball mill using propanol and steel balls. After drying, the steel balls were separated from the respective powder mixture by sieving.
  • the starting powders for the contact piece production of the material examples given in the table were composed as follows: (IOLP ⁇ i nner o xidêts L eg réelles p ulver; PM ⁇ P ulver ischung m)
  • the internally oxidized alloy powder forms the basis with 100 percent by mass, to which the additional oxides are added in percentages by mass.
  • the starting powder mixture produced is compressed with a pressing pressure of, for example, 600 MPa.
  • the compacts obtained are sintered in air at a temperature between 1123 K (850 ° C.) and 1148 K (875 ° C.) for 2 hours.
  • the sintered contact pieces are hot pressed at a temperature of 923 K (650 ° C) and a pressure of, for example, 1000 MPa. Further densification and solidification is achieved by a second sintering at a temperature between 1123 K (850 ° C) and 1148 K (875 ° C) for 2 hours.
  • the last manufacturing step is a cold calibration to the final shape at a pressure of e.g. 1000 MPa.
  • two-layer finished molded parts with a solderable pure silver layer are expediently produced. These molded parts can be soldered directly onto the contact carrier, for example by motor contactors.

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  • Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Materials Engineering (AREA)
  • Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
  • Metallurgy (AREA)
  • Organic Chemistry (AREA)
  • Composite Materials (AREA)
  • Contacts (AREA)
  • Powder Metallurgy (AREA)
  • Manufacture Of Switches (AREA)
  • Manufacture Of Alloys Or Alloy Compounds (AREA)

Claims (11)

  1. Matériau fritté pour contact de disjoncteurs basse tension de la technique de transmission d'énergie, notamment pour un contacteur de moteur, contenant de l'argent (Ag), de l'oxyde d'étain (SnO₂), de l'oxyde de bismuth (Bi₂O₃) et de l'oxyde de cuivre (CuO), fabriqué à partir d'une poudre d'alliage oxydée intérieurement (IOLP) d'un alliage de départ argent-étain-bismuth-cuivre, l'oxyde d'étain étant présent en une quantité de 4 à 12 % en masse, et le rapport des pourcentages en masse de l'oxyde d'étain à l'oxyde de bismuth et à l'oxyde de cuivre dans la poudre d'alliage oxydée intérieurement est compris entre 8:1 et 12:1, caractérisé par de l'oxyde de zirconium en tant qu'oxyde métallique supplémentaire, qui est mélangé à la poudre d'alliage oxydée intérieurement.
  2. Matériau pour contact suivant la revendication 1, caractérisé par le fait que le pourcentage en masse de l'oxyde de zirconium est compris entre 0,1 à 5 %.
  3. Matériau pour contact suivant la revendication 2, caractérisé par le fait que le pourcentage en masse de l'oxyde de zirconium est compris entre 0,5 et 4 %.
  4. Matériau pour contact suivant la revendication 3, caractérisé par le fait que le pourcentage en masse de l'oxyde de zirconium est compris entre 0,5 et 3 %.
  5. Matériau pour contact suivant la revendication 4, caractérisé par le fait que le pourcentage en masse d'oxyde de zirconium est compris entre 0,5 et 2 %.
  6. Matériau pour contact suivant la revendication 1 ou l'une des revendications 2 à 5, caractérisé par une partie en oxyde de bismuth, qui est mélangée, en plus de l'oxyde de bismuth de la poudre d'alliage oxydée intérieurement, conjointement à l'oxyde de zirconium de la poudre d'alliage oxydée intérieurement.
  7. Matériau pour contact suivant la revendication 6, caractérisé par le fait que le pourcentage en masse de l'oxyde de bismuth est compris entre 0,1 et 5 %.
  8. Matériau pour contact suivant la revendication 7, caractérisé par le fait que le pourcentage en masse d'oxyde de bismuth entre 0,5 et 4 %.
  9. Matériau pour contact suivant la revendication 8, caractérisé par le fait que le pourcentage en masse d'oxyde de bismuth est compris entre 0,5 et 3 %.
  10. Matériau pour contact suivant l'une des revendications précédentes, caractérisé par le fait que le matériau contient des pourcentages en masse d'oxydes, égaux au maximum à 20 %.
  11. Matériau pour contact suivant la revendication 10, caractérisé par le fait que le pourcentage en masse de tous les oxydes est égal à environ 12 %.
EP89120514A 1988-11-17 1989-11-06 Matériau de contact fritté dans appareillages interrupteurs à basse tension de la technique de l'énergie, spécialement pour des contacteurs Expired - Lifetime EP0369282B1 (fr)

Applications Claiming Priority (2)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
DE3838951 1988-11-17
DE3838951 1988-11-17

Publications (3)

Publication Number Publication Date
EP0369282A2 EP0369282A2 (fr) 1990-05-23
EP0369282A3 EP0369282A3 (fr) 1991-03-13
EP0369282B1 true EP0369282B1 (fr) 1995-06-14

Family

ID=6367375

Family Applications (1)

Application Number Title Priority Date Filing Date
EP89120514A Expired - Lifetime EP0369282B1 (fr) 1988-11-17 1989-11-06 Matériau de contact fritté dans appareillages interrupteurs à basse tension de la technique de l'énergie, spécialement pour des contacteurs

Country Status (5)

Country Link
US (1) US4948424A (fr)
EP (1) EP0369282B1 (fr)
JP (1) JPH02185938A (fr)
BR (1) BR8905829A (fr)
DE (1) DE58909295D1 (fr)

Families Citing this family (7)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US5286441A (en) * 1989-12-26 1994-02-15 Akira Shibata Silver-metal oxide composite material and process for producing the same
DE4117311A1 (de) * 1991-05-27 1992-12-03 Siemens Ag Kontaktwerkstoff auf silberbasis zur verwendung in schaltgeraeten der energietechnik
DE4201940A1 (de) * 1992-01-24 1993-07-29 Siemens Ag Sinterverbundwerkstoff fuer elektrische kontakte in schaltgeraeten der energietechnik
DE10017282C2 (de) * 2000-04-06 2002-02-14 Omg Ag & Co Kg Verfahren zur Herstellung von Verbundpulver auf Basis Siler-Zinnoxid und deren Verwendung zur Herstellung von Kontaktwerkstoffen
US9928971B2 (en) 2014-04-16 2018-03-27 Abb Schweiz Ag Electrical contact tip for switching applications and an electrical switching device
CN104128601B (zh) * 2014-08-18 2016-09-07 黑龙江中勋机电科技发展有限公司 预合金法生产铜基电接触材料
US10290434B2 (en) * 2016-09-23 2019-05-14 Honeywell International Inc. Silver metal oxide alloy and method of making

Family Cites Families (7)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
JPS5752417B2 (fr) * 1973-05-04 1982-11-08
US4141727A (en) * 1976-12-03 1979-02-27 Matsushita Electric Industrial Co., Ltd. Electrical contact material and method of making the same
US4294616A (en) * 1979-01-02 1981-10-13 Gte Products Corporation Electrical contacts
DE3135035A1 (de) * 1981-09-04 1983-03-24 Degussa Ag, 6000 Frankfurt Werkstoff fuer elektrische kontakte und verfahren zu seiner herstellung
DE3304637A1 (de) * 1983-02-10 1984-08-16 Siemens AG, 1000 Berlin und 8000 München Sinterkontaktwerkstoff fuer niederspannungsschaltgeraete
DE3421759A1 (de) * 1984-06-12 1985-12-12 Siemens AG, 1000 Berlin und 8000 München Sinterkontaktwerkstoff fuer niederspannungsschaltgeraete der energietechnik
DE3421758A1 (de) * 1984-06-12 1985-12-12 Siemens AG, 1000 Berlin und 8000 München Sinterkontaktwerkstoff fuer niederspannungsschaltgeraete der energietechnik und verfahren zu dessen herstellung

Also Published As

Publication number Publication date
JPH02185938A (ja) 1990-07-20
EP0369282A3 (fr) 1991-03-13
BR8905829A (pt) 1990-06-12
US4948424A (en) 1990-08-14
DE58909295D1 (de) 1995-07-20
EP0369282A2 (fr) 1990-05-23

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