EP0916146B1 - Procede de fabrication d'un produit a partir d'un materiau de contact a base d'argent, materiau de contact et produit obtenu a partir dudit materiau de contact - Google Patents

Procede de fabrication d'un produit a partir d'un materiau de contact a base d'argent, materiau de contact et produit obtenu a partir dudit materiau de contact Download PDF

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Publication number
EP0916146B1
EP0916146B1 EP97935481A EP97935481A EP0916146B1 EP 0916146 B1 EP0916146 B1 EP 0916146B1 EP 97935481 A EP97935481 A EP 97935481A EP 97935481 A EP97935481 A EP 97935481A EP 0916146 B1 EP0916146 B1 EP 0916146B1
Authority
EP
European Patent Office
Prior art keywords
iron
oxide
contact material
silver
product
Prior art date
Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
Expired - Lifetime
Application number
EP97935481A
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German (de)
English (en)
Other versions
EP0916146A1 (fr
Inventor
Franz Hauner
Current Assignee (The listed assignees may be inaccurate. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation or warranty as to the accuracy of the list.)
Metalor Technologies International SA
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Metalor Technologies International SA
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Publication date
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Publication of EP0916146A1 publication Critical patent/EP0916146A1/fr
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Classifications

    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C22—METALLURGY; FERROUS OR NON-FERROUS ALLOYS; TREATMENT OF ALLOYS OR NON-FERROUS METALS
    • C22C—ALLOYS
    • C22C32/00—Non-ferrous alloys containing at least 5% by weight but less than 50% by weight of oxides, carbides, borides, nitrides, silicides or other metal compounds, e.g. oxynitrides, sulfides, whether added as such or formed in situ
    • C22C32/001—Non-ferrous alloys containing at least 5% by weight but less than 50% by weight of oxides, carbides, borides, nitrides, silicides or other metal compounds, e.g. oxynitrides, sulfides, whether added as such or formed in situ with only oxides
    • C22C32/0015—Non-ferrous alloys containing at least 5% by weight but less than 50% by weight of oxides, carbides, borides, nitrides, silicides or other metal compounds, e.g. oxynitrides, sulfides, whether added as such or formed in situ with only oxides with only single oxides as main non-metallic constituents
    • C22C32/0021—Matrix based on noble metals, Cu or alloys thereof
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01H—ELECTRIC SWITCHES; RELAYS; SELECTORS; EMERGENCY PROTECTIVE DEVICES
    • H01H1/00—Contacts
    • H01H1/02—Contacts characterised by the material thereof
    • H01H1/021—Composite material
    • H01H1/023—Composite material having a noble metal as the basic material
    • H01H1/0237—Composite material having a noble metal as the basic material and containing oxides
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B22—CASTING; POWDER METALLURGY
    • B22F—WORKING METALLIC POWDER; MANUFACTURE OF ARTICLES FROM METALLIC POWDER; MAKING METALLIC POWDER; APPARATUS OR DEVICES SPECIALLY ADAPTED FOR METALLIC POWDER
    • B22F2998/00—Supplementary information concerning processes or compositions relating to powder metallurgy
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01H—ELECTRIC SWITCHES; RELAYS; SELECTORS; EMERGENCY PROTECTIVE DEVICES
    • H01H1/00—Contacts
    • H01H1/02—Contacts characterised by the material thereof
    • H01H1/021—Composite material
    • H01H1/023—Composite material having a noble metal as the basic material
    • H01H1/0237—Composite material having a noble metal as the basic material and containing oxides
    • H01H2001/02378—Composite material having a noble metal as the basic material and containing oxides containing iron-oxide as major component

Definitions

  • the invention relates to a method for producing a Product made of a contact material based on silver Iron oxide as the main active component.
  • the invention relates a contact material and a product from one such contact material, in particular a contact piece for a switching device of energy technology.
  • silver-based contact materials that contain certain active components have long proven themselves. Both metals and metal oxides are known as active components which have a favorable influence on the switching properties of the contact material.
  • the silver-based metallic contact materials are silver-nickel (AgNi) and silver-iron (AgFe). Silver-iron oxide (AgFe 2 O 3 ) may be mentioned in particular as a representative of the oxidic contact materials.
  • the practical usability of a contact material is determined by its electrical contact properties. authoritative The parameters are the lifespan number, the is determined by the erosion of the contact piece, the so-called Overtemperature resulting from contact heating the contact bridge and at the connections results in the tendency to weld and the corrosion resistance.
  • Silver-nickel contact materials in particular have good ones Switching properties, but it is disadvantageous that the during manufacture or during operation due to abrasion Nickel dust as well as that which forms as a switching product Nickel oxide harmful effects on the human organism can have.
  • a replacement material for silver-nickel contact materials is an oxidic contact material from DE-A-43 28 281 known on silver basis, which as the main active component iron oxide in proportions from 3% to 20% and as another Active component at least one oxide of an element of third subgroup of the periodic table in a mass fraction contains from 0.1% to 10%.
  • the use of Yttrium oxide as a further active component is used as particularly advantageous for the contact properties of such Contact material viewed.
  • DE-A-44 10 462 describes a silver-based contact material with iron oxide as the main active component.
  • iron oxide in addition to an oxide of an element of the third subgroup of the periodic table, in particular yttrium oxide, at least one metal oxide of an element of the 6th subgroup of the periodic table is added.
  • Iron tungstate (FeWO 4 ) in particular reduces contact heating and the tendency to weld and leads to a long service life of the contact material.
  • DE-A-41 17 311 is a contact material known on the basis of silver, which as the active components iron oxide in proportions between 1% and 50% and an oxide of one further chemical element in mass fractions between Contains 0.01% and 5%. It has been recognized that especially the temperature behavior of a silver-iron oxide contact material by adding rhenium oxide, bismuth zirconate, Boron oxide, zirconium oxide, molybdenum oxide or tungsten oxide can be influenced favorably.
  • a manufacturing process for a silver-based contact material with iron oxide as the main active component is from the DE-A-43 28 281, DE-A-41 17 311 and DE-A-44 10 462 are known, corresponding proportions of silver powder, iron oxide powder and powder to mix other active components and the resulting powder mixture powder metallurgically to a semi-finished product or to process it into a fitting.
  • Powders are all commercially available powders used.
  • the powder mixture is made by compression molding pressed into a molded part, which by sintering and if necessary, further pressing into a finished molding becomes.
  • the molded part can also be coated with a layer Pure silver for the safe connection of the contact piece with the Pad to be pressed by brazing.
  • the powder mixture is initially too a porous compact or ingot is pressed and / or sintered.
  • the compact or ingot is, if necessary, together with a Pure silver layer, extruded into one strand pressed, from which the fittings are separated and possibly undergo a subsequent treatment.
  • a disadvantage of mixing silver powder with commercial ones Oxide powders produced silver-iron oxide contact materials is their poor ductility. Such contact materials are poorly suited for the production of Rivets, especially rivets with a large head / shaft ratio. Since the rivet head is usually by a Compression deformation from a shaped piece in the form of a wire is formed, a high deformability of the used Material are required.
  • the invention has for its object a method for Manufacture of a product from a contact material excellent switching properties and one compared to the State of the art to provide significantly improved deformability.
  • Another object of the invention is such Contact material and a product, in particular in the form a rivet to indicate from the contact material, which is particularly suitable for use in energy technology.
  • this object is achieved by first forming a powder mixture of silver (Ag) and iron (Fe) in which the iron (Fe) is in the form of a powder an average grain size of greater than 1 ⁇ m is used, and then this powder mixture is further processed by powder metallurgy to give the shaped piece and the iron (Fe) is oxidized to iron oxide (Fe 2 O 3 / Fe 3 O 4 ).
  • the object is achieved according to the invention by a silver-based contact material with iron oxide as the main active component, which comprises silver and iron oxide (Fe 2 O 3 / Fe 3 O 4 ), the mean grain size of the oxide being greater than 1 ⁇ m, preferably greater than 3 ⁇ m is.
  • the invention is based on the knowledge that the deformability a silver-based contact material with iron oxide as the main active component essentially through the middle Grain size of the iron oxide particles determined in the silver matrix is.
  • the grain size of the iron oxide particles is from 1 ⁇ m to 10 ⁇ m such contact material with a large average grain size the iron oxide particles have a higher deformability as a contact material with a small average grain size.
  • iron powders are available whose average grain sizes are larger than 1 ⁇ m
  • the use of iron powder instead of iron oxide powder and subsequent oxidation of iron to iron oxide enables a contact material to be obtained in which the average grain size of the iron oxide particles is in a range of more than 1 ⁇ m.
  • the iron oxide can be pure Fe 2 O 3 or Fe 3 O 4 or a mixture of these oxides. Since no additional work step is necessary in comparison to conventional manufacturing methods, the method according to the invention is particularly inexpensive.
  • a product should be the one in any form Contact material can be understood.
  • a mere powder mixture or a loose compression of the powder mixture, the iron has not yet been oxidized to iron oxide is not a product in this sense.
  • the mentioned ingot, in which iron has been oxidized to iron oxide or a finished one Fitting, however, are such products.
  • iron in Form of a powder with an average grain size of larger than 3 ⁇ m is used.
  • the oxidation of the iron advantageously takes place in the Powder mixture because of the increasing compression of the powder mixture a complete one in subsequent steps Oxidation is difficult.
  • the oxidation is too possible in a blank of the product, which is still one has sufficiently high porosity or gas permeability.
  • a blank is, for example, that in extrusion technology to be provided ingot, which subsequently becomes a strand is pressed.
  • Such a blank can also be used in the Molding technology manufactured preliminary product for a molding his.
  • the iron is treated in a heat treatment oxidizing atmosphere, preferably in air or oxygen oxidized.
  • the heat treatment is advantageously carried out at a temperature of 500 ° C to 1000 ° C, preferably at about 700 ° C.
  • zirconium oxide ZrO 2
  • rhenium oxide ReO 2 / ReO 3 / Re 2 O 7
  • the rhenium oxide can be pure ReO 2 , ReO 3 or Re 2 O 7 , but it can also be present as a mixture of the oxides mentioned.
  • These metal oxides are known in particular to favorably influence, ie reduce, the excess temperature which results from the contact heating and essentially depends on the electrical resistance of the contact bridge.
  • the switching properties of the contact material can be favorably by adding more metals to the powder mixture and / or further metal oxides are added.
  • Cheap for the switching properties are, for example, metals from the 3rd and 6th subgroup of the periodic table and / or Oxides of these metals.
  • the contact material has favorable switching properties if the iron oxide (Fe 2 O 3 / Fe 3 O 4 ) is present in a mass fraction between 1% and 50% and an oxide of the further metal in a mass fraction between 0.01% and 5%.
  • the object regarding the product is solved by a Product made of a silver-based contact material, which Silver and iron oxide as the main active component, wherein the mean grain size of the iron oxide is greater than 1 ⁇ m, preferably is larger than 3 ⁇ m.
  • The is particularly suitable Contact material especially for a contact piece in the form of a Rivet for a switching device in energy technology, e.g. a low voltage switch.

Landscapes

  • Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Materials Engineering (AREA)
  • Composite Materials (AREA)
  • Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
  • Metallurgy (AREA)
  • Organic Chemistry (AREA)
  • Contacts (AREA)
  • Manufacture Of Switches (AREA)

Abstract

Ce procédé de fabrication d'un produit à partir d'un matériau de contact à base d'argent consiste à former tout d'abord un mélange de poudre d'argent et de fer, dans lequel le fer est utilisé sous la forme d'une poudre présentant une dimension moyenne des particules supérieure à 1 νm, à traiter ce mélange selon des techniques de métallurgie des poudres pour former un produit, et à oxyder le fer pour obtenir de l'oxyde de fer. Ce procédé permet d'obtenir un matériau de contact en oxyde d'argent et oxyde de fer, avec une dimension moyenne des particules d'oxyde de fer supérieure à celle des matériaux de la technique antérieure. Ce type de matériau de contact présente une grande aptitude à la déformation, pour des propriétés de commutation inchangées, et peut s'utiliser en particulier en tant qu'élément de contact sous forme d'un rivet destiné à un dispositif de commutation dans la technique des courants forts.

Claims (13)

  1. Procédé de fabrication d'un produit en un matériau de contact à base d'argent ayant de l'oxyde de fer comme constituant actif principal, en formant d'abord un mélange de poudre d'argent (Ag) et de fer (Fe) dans lequel le fer (Fe) est utilisé sous la forme d'une poudre ayant une granulométrie moyenne supérieure à 1 µm et en transformant ensuite le mélange de poudre par métallurgie des poudres en le produit et en oxydant ainsi le fer (Fe) en oxyde de fer (Fe2O3/Fe3O4).
  2. Procédé suivant la revendication 1, caractérisé en ce que l'on utilise du fer (Fe) sous la forme d'une poudre d'une granulométrie moyenne supérieure à 3 µm.
  3. Procédé suivant l'une des revendications 1 à 2, caractérisé en ce qu'on oxyde le fer (Fe) dans le mélange de poudre ou dans une ébauche du produit.
  4. Procédé suivant l'une des revendications 1 à 3, caractérisé en ce que l'on oxyde le fer (Fe) par un traitement thermique dans une atmosphère oxydante, de préférence dans de l'air ou dans de l'oxygène.
  5. Procédé suivant la revendication 4, caractérisé en ce que l'on effectue le traitement thermique à une température de 500°C à 1000°C, de préférence à 700°C.
  6. Procédé suivant l'une des revendications 1 à 5, caractérisé en ce que l'on mélange au mélange de poudre un oxyde d'au moins un autre métal et/ou au moins un autre métal.
  7. Procédé suivant la revendication 6, caractérisé en ce que l'oxyde de l'autre métal est l'oxyde de zirconium (ZrO2) ou l'oxyde de rhénium (ReO2/ReO3/Re2O7).
  8. Matériau de contact à base d'argent qui renferme de l'argent et comme constituant actif principal de l'oxyde de fer (Fe2O3/Fe3O4), la granulométrie moyenne de l'oxyde de fer étant supérieure à 1 µm et de préférence supérieure à 3 µm.
  9. Matériau de contact suivant la revendication 8, caractérisé en ce que l'oxyde de fer (Fe2O3/Fe3O4) est présent en des proportions en poids comprises entre 1 % et 50 %.
  10. Matériau de contact suivant la revendication 8 ou 9, caractérisé en ce qu'il contient un oxyde d'un autre métal qui est présent en des proportions en poids comprises entre 0,01 % et 5 %.
  11. Matériau de contact suivant la revendication 10, caractérisé en ce que l'oxyde de l'autre métal est de l'oxyde de zirconium (ZrO2) ou de l'oxyde de rhénium (ReO2/ReO3/Re2O7).
  12. Produit en un matériau de contact à base d'argent qui renferme de l'argent et de l'oxyde de fer (Fe2O3/Fe3O4) comme constituant actif principal, la granulométrie moyenne de l'oxyde de fer étant supérieure à 1 µm et de préférence supérieure à 3 µm.
  13. Produit suivant la revendication 12, qui est constitué sous la forme d'une pièce de contact, de préférence sous la forme d'un rivet, pour un appareil de commutation de la technique des courants forts, notamment pour un interrupteur en basse tension.
EP97935481A 1996-08-01 1997-07-24 Procede de fabrication d'un produit a partir d'un materiau de contact a base d'argent, materiau de contact et produit obtenu a partir dudit materiau de contact Expired - Lifetime EP0916146B1 (fr)

Applications Claiming Priority (3)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
DE19631141 1996-08-01
DE19631141 1996-08-01
PCT/DE1997/001569 WO1998006119A1 (fr) 1996-08-01 1997-07-24 Procede de fabrication d'un produit a partir d'un materiau de contact a base d'argent, materiau de contact et produit obtenu a partir dudit materiau de contact

Publications (2)

Publication Number Publication Date
EP0916146A1 EP0916146A1 (fr) 1999-05-19
EP0916146B1 true EP0916146B1 (fr) 2002-12-04

Family

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Application Number Title Priority Date Filing Date
EP97935481A Expired - Lifetime EP0916146B1 (fr) 1996-08-01 1997-07-24 Procede de fabrication d'un produit a partir d'un materiau de contact a base d'argent, materiau de contact et produit obtenu a partir dudit materiau de contact

Country Status (6)

Country Link
US (1) US6056916A (fr)
EP (1) EP0916146B1 (fr)
BR (1) BR9710794A (fr)
DE (1) DE59708897D1 (fr)
ES (1) ES2187801T3 (fr)
WO (1) WO1998006119A1 (fr)

Families Citing this family (2)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US20070018526A1 (en) * 2004-06-18 2007-01-25 Tanaka Kikinzoku Kogyo K.K. Relay for sealed ac load and ag-base contact element material for use therein
CN112475295B (zh) * 2020-09-30 2022-11-15 浙江福达合金材料科技有限公司 一种氧化物颗粒弥散分布的银氧化铁电接触材料及其制备方法

Family Cites Families (8)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US2394501A (en) * 1942-09-12 1946-02-05 Square D Co Electrical contact
DE1153178B (de) * 1959-08-01 1963-08-22 Duerrwaechter E Dr Doduco Verwendung eines verformbaren Silber-Metalloxyd-Werkstoffes fuer elektrische Kontakte
CH588152A5 (fr) * 1972-12-11 1977-05-31 Siemens Ag
BR9407450A (pt) * 1993-08-23 1996-11-12 Siemens Ag Material para contatos à base de prata utilização de um tal material para contatos em um dispositivo comutador da eletrotécnica e processo para a confecção deste material para contatos
DE4117311A1 (de) * 1991-05-27 1992-12-03 Siemens Ag Kontaktwerkstoff auf silberbasis zur verwendung in schaltgeraeten der energietechnik
DE4328281A1 (de) * 1993-08-23 1995-03-02 Siemens Ag Kontaktwerkstoff auf Silberbasis zur Verwendung in Schaltgeräten der Energietechnik
DE4343550A1 (de) * 1993-12-20 1995-06-22 Siemens Ag Kontaktwerkstoff auf Silberbasis zur Verwendung in Schaltgeräten der Energietechnik
DE19543208C1 (de) * 1995-11-20 1997-02-20 Degussa Silber-Eisen-Werkstoff für elektrische Schaltkontakte (II)

Also Published As

Publication number Publication date
ES2187801T3 (es) 2003-06-16
BR9710794A (pt) 1999-08-17
EP0916146A1 (fr) 1999-05-19
WO1998006119A1 (fr) 1998-02-12
DE59708897D1 (de) 2003-01-16
US6056916A (en) 2000-05-02

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