EP0586410B1 - Materiau de contact a base d'argent pour l'utilisation dans des appareils de commutation en technologie des courants forts, ainsi que procede pour la fabrication de pieces de contact en ce materiau - Google Patents

Materiau de contact a base d'argent pour l'utilisation dans des appareils de commutation en technologie des courants forts, ainsi que procede pour la fabrication de pieces de contact en ce materiau Download PDF

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Publication number
EP0586410B1
EP0586410B1 EP92909652A EP92909652A EP0586410B1 EP 0586410 B1 EP0586410 B1 EP 0586410B1 EP 92909652 A EP92909652 A EP 92909652A EP 92909652 A EP92909652 A EP 92909652A EP 0586410 B1 EP0586410 B1 EP 0586410B1
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EP
European Patent Office
Prior art keywords
oxide
silver
iron oxide
weight
present
Prior art date
Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
Expired - Lifetime
Application number
EP92909652A
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German (de)
English (en)
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EP0586410A1 (fr
Inventor
Franz Hauner
Günter Tiefel
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Siemens AG
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Siemens AG
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Filing date
Publication date
Application filed by Siemens AG filed Critical Siemens AG
Publication of EP0586410A1 publication Critical patent/EP0586410A1/fr
Application granted granted Critical
Publication of EP0586410B1 publication Critical patent/EP0586410B1/fr
Anticipated expiration legal-status Critical
Expired - Lifetime legal-status Critical Current

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Classifications

    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01H—ELECTRIC SWITCHES; RELAYS; SELECTORS; EMERGENCY PROTECTIVE DEVICES
    • H01H1/00—Contacts
    • H01H1/02—Contacts characterised by the material thereof
    • H01H1/021—Composite material
    • H01H1/023—Composite material having a noble metal as the basic material
    • H01H1/0237—Composite material having a noble metal as the basic material and containing oxides
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C22—METALLURGY; FERROUS OR NON-FERROUS ALLOYS; TREATMENT OF ALLOYS OR NON-FERROUS METALS
    • C22C—ALLOYS
    • C22C32/00—Non-ferrous alloys containing at least 5% by weight but less than 50% by weight of oxides, carbides, borides, nitrides, silicides or other metal compounds, e.g. oxynitrides, sulfides, whether added as such or formed in situ
    • C22C32/001—Non-ferrous alloys containing at least 5% by weight but less than 50% by weight of oxides, carbides, borides, nitrides, silicides or other metal compounds, e.g. oxynitrides, sulfides, whether added as such or formed in situ with only oxides
    • C22C32/0015—Non-ferrous alloys containing at least 5% by weight but less than 50% by weight of oxides, carbides, borides, nitrides, silicides or other metal compounds, e.g. oxynitrides, sulfides, whether added as such or formed in situ with only oxides with only single oxides as main non-metallic constituents
    • C22C32/0021—Matrix based on noble metals, Cu or alloys thereof
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01H—ELECTRIC SWITCHES; RELAYS; SELECTORS; EMERGENCY PROTECTIVE DEVICES
    • H01H1/00—Contacts
    • H01H1/02—Contacts characterised by the material thereof
    • H01H1/021—Composite material
    • H01H1/023—Composite material having a noble metal as the basic material
    • H01H1/0237—Composite material having a noble metal as the basic material and containing oxides
    • H01H2001/02378—Composite material having a noble metal as the basic material and containing oxides containing iron-oxide as major component

Definitions

  • the invention relates to a silver-based contact material for use in switching devices in power engineering, in particular for contact pieces in low-voltage switches, wherein in addition to silver as active components, at least iron oxide as the main component and at least one further metal oxide as the secondary component are present.
  • contact materials are known on the one hand of the silver-metal system (AgMe) and on the other hand of the silver-metal oxide (AgMeO) system.
  • Representatives of the first system are, for example, silver-nickel (AgNi) or silver-iron (AgFe);
  • Representatives of the second system are in particular silver-cadmium oxide (AgCdO) or silver-tin oxide (AgSnO2).
  • there may be other metal oxides such as, in particular, bismuth oxide (Bi 2 O 3 ), copper oxide (CuO) and / or tantalum oxide (Ta 2 O 5 ).
  • the practical usability of a contact material based on silver-metal or silver-metal oxide is determined by the so-called electrical contact property spectrum. Relevant parameters are the lifetime switching number on the one hand, which is determined by the erosion of the contact, and the so-called overtemperature, ie the contact heating at the contact bridge, which essentially results from the electrical resistance of the contact structure mentioned, on the other hand. A sufficiently low tendency to weld the contact pieces and corrosion resistance are also important, since long-term corrosion of the material in air switchgear can change the switching properties over time.
  • an electrical contact material of the silver-metal oxide system is already known, which in addition to cadmium or tin oxide can also contain iron oxide.
  • DE-C-38 16 895 describes the use of a silver-iron material with 3 to 30% by weight of iron and one or more of the additives manganese, copper, zinc, antimony, bismuth oxide, molybdenum oxide, tungsten oxide, chromium nitride Quantities totaling 0.05 to 5% by weight, balance silver, proposed for electrical contacts.
  • DE-A-39 11 904 discloses a powder metallurgical process for producing a semi-finished product for electrical contacts from a silver-based composite material with iron, in which 5 to 50% by weight of iron is the first secondary component and 0 to 5% by weight. % of a second secondary component from one or more substances from the group which contains the metals titanium, zirconium, niobium, tantalum, molybdenum, manganese, copper and zinc as well as their oxides and their carbides.
  • the iron in elemental form is obtained in particular by chemical precipitation.
  • JP-A-1/055345 discloses a material of the type mentioned at the outset, which consists of a silver matrix distributed in 0.5 to 20 percent by weight of iron oxide particles, in which part of the iron oxide is formed by at least one of the oxides of nickel, cobalt, Chromium, molybdenum, tungsten, cadmium, zinc, antimony, tin, bismuth, indium, lead, manganese, beryllium, calcium, magnesium or copper is replaced.
  • the contact pieces produced from this are said to be distinguished by good mechanical properties and high arc resistance for use in switches.
  • the object is achieved according to the invention by the combination of iron oxide and rhenium oxide as the active component, the iron oxide as the main component being present in mass fractions between 1 and 50% and the secondary components in mass fractions between 0.01 and 5%.
  • the object is achieved according to the invention by the combination of iron oxide with bismuth zirconate, by the combination of iron oxide with boron oxide or by the combination of iron oxide with zirconium oxide, the iron oxide as the main component likewise in mass fractions between 1 and 50% and the alternative secondary components in mass fractions between 0.01 and 5%.
  • the iron oxide can have the constitution Fe 2 O 3 or Fe 3 O 4 , but optionally also a mixed form.
  • EP-A-0 369 282 and EP-A-0 369 283 for sintered contact materials of the constitution AgSnO 2 Bi 2 O 3 CuO.
  • these materials are not comparable to contact materials based on AgFe 2 O 3 / Fe 3 O 4 .
  • iron oxide as the main active component in conjunction with one of the specified metal oxides as the secondary component improves the property spectrum as a contact material.
  • the iron oxide is preferably present in mass fractions of less than 40%, in particular less than 30%.
  • the rhenium oxide, bismuth zirconate, boron oxide or zirconium oxide can be present either individually or in combination with different weightings.
  • a contact material of the type mentioned at the outset, in which the iron oxide is present in mass fractions of 2 to 20%, with an addition of 0.5 to 2 m% rhenium oxide, the remainder being silver, is particularly advantageous.
  • the boron oxide is preferably boric acid.
  • the table shows measured values for the overtemperature of the stressed materials, which was measured at the contact bridge of the switching device.
  • the first column of the measured temperature values contains the maximum overtemperature and the second column of the measured temperature values contains the average bridge temperature, which is the temperature difference from room temperature.
  • the table comprises three exemplary embodiments with meaningful compositions of the contact material claimed.
  • the production of the actual material and the production of the relevant contact pieces can be carried out done according to different methods.
  • the measured value of the materials according to the invention is compared with AgFe 2 O 3 6.4.
  • An AgFe9 contact material is also listed in the table. The results are discussed in more detail below.
  • a powder mixture is prepared by wet mixing the oxide powders. From the powder mixture, strips or wires of the material are first produced as semi-finished products for the contact pieces using the so-called extrusion technique.
  • the process conditions with regard to temperature on the one hand and pressure on the other hand are chosen so that undesired evaporation of rhenium is taken into account.
  • the proportions of silver, iron oxide and rhenium oxide can be varied using the same procedure.
  • a material with the composition AgFe 2 O 3 5.7 ReO 2 2.2 was also investigated.
  • the contact pieces are produced by molding technology.
  • the further oxide as a side effect component is not rhenium oxide but, for example, zirconium oxide.
  • a material with the composition AgFe 2 O 3 5.4ZrO 2 1.0 was examined in detail.
  • molded parts are pressed from the powder mixture into contact pieces at a pressure of approx. 200 MPa.
  • a pressure of approx. 200 MPa For secure connection technology of the contact piece to the contact piece carrier by brazing, it is again advantageous in this pressing process to press a second layer of pure silver together with the actual contact layer into a two-layer contact piece.
  • the molded parts are then sintered at a temperature of approximately 850 ° C. for about an hour.
  • the sintered bodies are then pressed at a pressure of approx. 1000 MPa and sintered again at approx. 800 ° C for about an hour.
  • the contact pieces thus produced are again calibrated at a pressure of approx. 1000 MPa.
  • the table shows that the first two examples of the material according to the invention each have an average bridge temperature which is above the value of AgFe9 and also AgFe 2 O 3 6.4. In contrast, the corresponding value in the third example is below the comparative examples. It should be noted that AgFe and AgFe 2 O 3 materials show a similar temperature behavior in this context. Overall, all values for the average bridge temperature are in a range of 70 ⁇ 5 K.
  • the iron oxide can also be in the constitution Fe 3 O 4 or in a mixed form instead of the chemical constitution Fe 2 O 3 .
  • the iron oxide in particular in mass fractions of 2 to 20%, the addition of rhenium oxide between 0.5 and 3 m%, the addition of bismuth zirconate between 0.05 and 3 m%, the addition of boric acid between 0, 05 and 0.5 m% and the addition of zirconium oxide should be between 0.05 and 2 m%.

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  • Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
  • Materials Engineering (AREA)
  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Organic Chemistry (AREA)
  • Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
  • Metallurgy (AREA)
  • Composite Materials (AREA)
  • Contacts (AREA)
  • Manufacture Of Switches (AREA)
  • Powder Metallurgy (AREA)
  • Manufacture Of Alloys Or Alloy Compounds (AREA)
  • Electrical Discharge Machining, Electrochemical Machining, And Combined Machining (AREA)
  • Conductive Materials (AREA)

Claims (11)

  1. Matériau de contact à base d'argent pour l'utilisation dans des appareils de commutation dans la technologie des courants forts, en particulier pour des pièces de contact dans des commutateurs basse tension, dans lequel, en plus de l'argent comme constituant actif, sont présents au moins de l'oxyde de fer (Fe2O3/Fe3O4) comme constituant principal, et au moins un autre oxyde métallique comme constituant secondaire, caractérisé par l'association des constituants actifs oxyde de fer (Fe2O3/Fe3O4) et oxyde de rhénium (ReO2), l'oxyde de fer (Fe2O3/Fe3O4) étant présent dans des proportions pondérales comprises entre 1 et 50 %, et l'oxyde de rhénium dans des proportions pondérales comprises entre 0,01 et 5 %.
  2. Matériau de contact à base d'argent pour l'utilisation dans des appareils de commutation dans la technologie des courants forts, en particulier pour des ponts de contact dans des commutateurs basse tension, dans lequel, en plus de l'argent, sont présents comme constituants actifs au moins de l'oxyde de fer (Fe2O3/Fe3O4) comme constituant principal, et au moins un autre oxyde métallique comme constituant secondaire, caractérisé par l'association des constituants actifs oxyde de fer (Fe2O3/Fe3O4) et zirconate de bismuth (2Bi2O3x3ZrO2), l'oxyde de fer (Fe2O3/Fe3O4) étant présent dans des proportions pondérales comprises entre 1 et 50 %, et le zirconate de bismuth (2Bi2O3x3ZrO2) dans des proportions pondérales comprises entre 0,01 et 5 %.
  3. Matériau de contact à base d'argent pour l'utilisation dans des appareils de commutation dans la technologie des courants forts, en particulier pour des ponts de contact dans des commutateurs basse tension, dans lequel, en plus de l'argent, sont présents comme constituants actifs au moins de l'oxyde de fer (Fe2O3/Fe3O4) comme constituant principal, et au moins un autre oxyde métallique comme constituant secondaire, caractérisé par l'association des constituants actifs oxyde de fer (Fe2O3/Fe3O4) et oxyde de bore (H2BO4) , l'oxyde de fer (Fe2O3/Fe3O4) étant présent dans une proportion comprise entre 1 et 50 %, et l'oxyde de bore (H2BO4) dans une proportion comprise entre 0,01 et 5 %.
  4. Matériau de contact à base d'argent pour l'utilisation dans des mécanismes de commutation dans la technologie des courants forts, en particulier pour des pièces de contact dans des commutateurs basse tension, dans lequel sont présents comme constituants actifs, en plus de l'argent, au moins un oxyde de fer (Fe2O3/Fe3O4) comme constituant principal, et au moins un autre oxyde métallique comme constituant secondaire, caractérisé par l'association de l'oxyde de fer (Fe2O3/Fe3O4) et de l'oxyde de zirconium (ZrO2), comme constituants actifs, l'oxyde de fer (Fe2O3/Fe3O4) étant présent dans des proportions pondérales comprises entre 1 et 50 %, et l'oxyde de zirconium (ZrO2) dans des proportions pondérales comprises entre 0,01 et 5 %.
  5. Matériau de contact selon les revendications 1 à 5, caractérisé en ce que l'oxyde de fer (Fe2O3/Fe3O4) est présent dans des proportions pondérales inférieures à 40 %.
  6. Matériau de contact selon la revendication 5, caractérisé en ce que l'oxyde de fer (Fe2O3/Fe3O4) est présent dans des proportions pondérales inférieures à 30 %.
  7. Matériau de contact selon les revendications 1 à 4, caractérisé par de l'oxyde de fer (Fe2O3/Fe3O4) dans des proportions pondérales de 2 à 20 %, avec une addition de 0,5 à 3 m% d'oxyde de rhénium (ReO2), le reste étant de l'argent.
  8. Matériau de contact selon la revendication 2, caractérisé par de l'oxyde de fer (Fe2O3/Fe3O4) dans des proportions pondérales de 2 à 20 %, avec une addition de 0,05 à 3 m% de zirconate de bismuth (2Bi2O3x3ZrO2), le reste étant de l'argent.
  9. Matériau de contact selon la revendication 3, caractérisé par de l'oxyde de fer (Fe2O3/Fe3O4) dans des proportions pondérales de 2 à 20 % avec une addition de 0,05 à 0,5 m% d'oxyde de bore (H2BO4), le reste étant de l'argent.
  10. Matériau de contact selon la revendication 9, caractérisé en ce que l'oxyde de bore (H2BO4) est l'acide borique.
  11. Matériau de contact selon la revendication 4, caractérisé par de l'oxyde de fer (Fe2O3/Fe3O4) dans des proportions pondérales de 2 à 20 %, avec une addition de 0,05 à 2 m% d'oxyde de zirconium (ZrO2), le reste étant de l'argent.
EP92909652A 1991-05-27 1992-05-14 Materiau de contact a base d'argent pour l'utilisation dans des appareils de commutation en technologie des courants forts, ainsi que procede pour la fabrication de pieces de contact en ce materiau Expired - Lifetime EP0586410B1 (fr)

Applications Claiming Priority (3)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
DE4117311A DE4117311A1 (de) 1991-05-27 1991-05-27 Kontaktwerkstoff auf silberbasis zur verwendung in schaltgeraeten der energietechnik
DE4117311 1991-05-27
PCT/DE1992/000388 WO1992022080A1 (fr) 1991-05-27 1992-05-14 Materiau de contact a base d'argent pour l'utilisation dans des appareils de commutation en technologie des courants forts, ainsi que procede pour la fabrication de pieces de contact en ce materiau

Publications (2)

Publication Number Publication Date
EP0586410A1 EP0586410A1 (fr) 1994-03-16
EP0586410B1 true EP0586410B1 (fr) 1996-10-30

Family

ID=6432544

Family Applications (1)

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EP92909652A Expired - Lifetime EP0586410B1 (fr) 1991-05-27 1992-05-14 Materiau de contact a base d'argent pour l'utilisation dans des appareils de commutation en technologie des courants forts, ainsi que procede pour la fabrication de pieces de contact en ce materiau

Country Status (9)

Country Link
US (1) US5429656A (fr)
EP (1) EP0586410B1 (fr)
JP (1) JP3280968B2 (fr)
AT (1) ATE144857T1 (fr)
BR (1) BR9206065A (fr)
DE (2) DE4117311A1 (fr)
DK (1) DK0586410T3 (fr)
ES (1) ES2094354T3 (fr)
WO (1) WO1992022080A1 (fr)

Families Citing this family (15)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
EP0645049B1 (fr) * 1992-06-10 1996-04-03 DODUCO GMBH + Co Dr. Eugen DÀ¼rrwächter Matiere pour contacts electriques a base d'oxyde d'etain et d'argent ou d'oxyde de zinc et d'argent
EP0715765B1 (fr) * 1993-08-23 1998-01-21 Siemens Aktiengesellschaft Materiau de contact a base d'argent, utilisation d'un tel materiau dans un appareil de commutation en technique des courants forts et procede de fabrication de ce materiau
DE4331913A1 (de) * 1993-09-20 1995-03-23 Siemens Ag Verfahren zum Verbinden von einer Kontaktauflage aus Silber-Metalloxid-Werkstoff mit einem metallischen Kontaktträger
DE4343550A1 (de) * 1993-12-20 1995-06-22 Siemens Ag Kontaktwerkstoff auf Silberbasis zur Verwendung in Schaltgeräten der Energietechnik
US5846288A (en) * 1995-11-27 1998-12-08 Chemet Corporation Electrically conductive material and method for making
DE19602812C1 (de) * 1996-01-26 1997-07-31 Siemens Ag Verfahren zur Herstellung eines Formstücks aus einem Kontaktwerkstoff auf Silberbasis und Formstück
DE19608490C1 (de) * 1996-03-05 1997-09-04 Siemens Ag Kontaktwerkstoff aus Silber und Wirkkomponenten, daraus gefertigtes Formstück sowie Verfahren zur Herstellung des Formstücks
BR9710794A (pt) * 1996-08-01 1999-08-17 Metalor Contacts Deutschland G Processo para a prepara-Æo de um produto de um amterial de contato a base de prata material de contato bem como produto do material de contato
DE60107578T2 (de) * 2001-07-18 2005-12-22 Nec Schott Components Corp., Koka Thermische sicherung
US6757963B2 (en) * 2002-01-23 2004-07-06 Mcgraw-Edison Company Method of joining components using a silver-based composition
EP1381065A1 (fr) * 2002-07-12 2004-01-14 Metalor Technologies International S.A. Matériau de contact électrique et son procédé de fabrication
CN1820335A (zh) * 2004-06-18 2006-08-16 田中贵金属工业株式会社 密封式交流负荷用继电器以及其中使用的Ag系接点元件材料
EP2124236A1 (fr) * 2008-05-22 2009-11-25 Metalor Technologies International S.A. Utilisation d'un matériau de contact électrique pour souffler un arc électrique
JP6145285B2 (ja) * 2012-03-22 2017-06-07 日本タングステン株式会社 電気接点材料およびその製造方法ならびに電気接点
CN112475295B (zh) * 2020-09-30 2022-11-15 浙江福达合金材料科技有限公司 一种氧化物颗粒弥散分布的银氧化铁电接触材料及其制备方法

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US3607244A (en) * 1967-03-11 1971-09-21 Sumitomo Electric Industries Electric contact material and method of making the same
DE2310784B2 (de) * 1973-03-03 1975-03-13 Fa. Dr. Eugen Duerrwaechter Doduco, 7530 Pforzheim Verfahren zur Herstellung eines duktilen Silber-Metalloxid-Halbzeugs
DE2446698C2 (de) * 1974-09-30 1983-04-14 Siemens AG, 1000 Berlin und 8000 München Zweischichten-Sinterkontaktstück für elektrische Schaltgeräte
JPS5913578B2 (ja) * 1977-01-25 1984-03-30 日本科学冶金株式会社 電気接点材料
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JPH06104873B2 (ja) * 1986-07-08 1994-12-21 富士電機株式会社 銀―金属酸化物系接点用材料及びその製造方法
YU46258B (sh) * 1987-06-06 1993-05-28 Degussa Ag. Primena srebrno gvozdenog materijala za električne kontakte
DE3816895A1 (de) * 1987-06-06 1988-12-22 Degussa Verwendung eines silber-eisen-werkstoffs fuer elektrische kontakte
JPS6455345A (en) * 1987-08-25 1989-03-02 Chugai Electric Ind Co Ltd Silver-iron oxide sintered electrical contact material
DE3911904A1 (de) * 1988-04-16 1989-12-14 Duerrwaechter E Dr Doduco Pulvermetallurgisches verfahren zum herstellen eines halbzeugs fuer elektrische kontakte aus einem verbundwerkstoff auf silberbasis mit eisen
DE58904983D1 (de) * 1988-04-20 1993-08-26 Siemens Ag Sinterkontaktwerkstoff auf silberbasis zur verwendung in schaltgeraeten der energietechnik, insbesondere fuer kontaktstuecke in niederspannungsschaltern.
EP0369282B1 (fr) * 1988-11-17 1995-06-14 Siemens Aktiengesellschaft Matériau de contact fritté dans appareillages interrupteurs à basse tension de la technique de l'énergie, spécialement pour des contacteurs
EP0369283B1 (fr) * 1988-11-17 1994-09-14 Siemens Aktiengesellschaft Matériau de contact fritté pour appareillages interrupteurs à basse tension de la technique de l'énergie, spécialement pour des contacteurs

Also Published As

Publication number Publication date
ES2094354T3 (es) 1997-01-16
DE4117311A1 (de) 1992-12-03
JP3280968B2 (ja) 2002-05-13
US5429656A (en) 1995-07-04
EP0586410A1 (fr) 1994-03-16
BR9206065A (pt) 1994-11-29
DK0586410T3 (da) 1997-04-14
WO1992022080A1 (fr) 1992-12-10
ATE144857T1 (de) 1996-11-15
DE59207467D1 (de) 1996-12-05
JPH06507447A (ja) 1994-08-25

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