EP0440620B1 - Produit semi-fini pour contacts electriques, constitue d'un materiau composite a base d'argent et d'oxyde d'etain, et procede de metallurgie des poudres pour sa fabrication - Google Patents

Produit semi-fini pour contacts electriques, constitue d'un materiau composite a base d'argent et d'oxyde d'etain, et procede de metallurgie des poudres pour sa fabrication Download PDF

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Publication number
EP0440620B1
EP0440620B1 EP89903734A EP89903734A EP0440620B1 EP 0440620 B1 EP0440620 B1 EP 0440620B1 EP 89903734 A EP89903734 A EP 89903734A EP 89903734 A EP89903734 A EP 89903734A EP 0440620 B1 EP0440620 B1 EP 0440620B1
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Prior art keywords
component
oxide
weight
semi
silver
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EP89903734A
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German (de)
English (en)
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EP0440620B2 (fr
EP0440620A1 (fr
Inventor
Ursula Mayer
Roland Michal
Karl E. Saeger
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Doduco Solutions GmbH
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Doduco GmbH and Co KG Dr Eugen Duerrwaechter
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    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C22—METALLURGY; FERROUS OR NON-FERROUS ALLOYS; TREATMENT OF ALLOYS OR NON-FERROUS METALS
    • C22C—ALLOYS
    • C22C32/00—Non-ferrous alloys containing at least 5% by weight but less than 50% by weight of oxides, carbides, borides, nitrides, silicides or other metal compounds, e.g. oxynitrides, sulfides, whether added as such or formed in situ
    • C22C32/001—Non-ferrous alloys containing at least 5% by weight but less than 50% by weight of oxides, carbides, borides, nitrides, silicides or other metal compounds, e.g. oxynitrides, sulfides, whether added as such or formed in situ with only oxides
    • C22C32/0015—Non-ferrous alloys containing at least 5% by weight but less than 50% by weight of oxides, carbides, borides, nitrides, silicides or other metal compounds, e.g. oxynitrides, sulfides, whether added as such or formed in situ with only oxides with only single oxides as main non-metallic constituents
    • C22C32/0021—Matrix based on noble metals, Cu or alloys thereof
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B22—CASTING; POWDER METALLURGY
    • B22F—WORKING METALLIC POWDER; MANUFACTURE OF ARTICLES FROM METALLIC POWDER; MAKING METALLIC POWDER; APPARATUS OR DEVICES SPECIALLY ADAPTED FOR METALLIC POWDER
    • B22F1/00—Metallic powder; Treatment of metallic powder, e.g. to facilitate working or to improve properties
    • B22F1/12—Metallic powder containing non-metallic particles
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01H—ELECTRIC SWITCHES; RELAYS; SELECTORS; EMERGENCY PROTECTIVE DEVICES
    • H01H1/00—Contacts
    • H01H1/02—Contacts characterised by the material thereof
    • H01H1/021—Composite material
    • H01H1/023—Composite material having a noble metal as the basic material
    • H01H1/0237—Composite material having a noble metal as the basic material and containing oxides
    • H01H1/02372—Composite material having a noble metal as the basic material and containing oxides containing as major components one or more oxides of the following elements only: Cd, Sn, Zn, In, Bi, Sb or Te
    • H01H1/02376—Composite material having a noble metal as the basic material and containing oxides containing as major components one or more oxides of the following elements only: Cd, Sn, Zn, In, Bi, Sb or Te containing as major component SnO2
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01H—ELECTRIC SWITCHES; RELAYS; SELECTORS; EMERGENCY PROTECTIVE DEVICES
    • H01H11/00—Apparatus or processes specially adapted for the manufacture of electric switches
    • H01H11/04—Apparatus or processes specially adapted for the manufacture of electric switches of switch contacts
    • H01H11/048—Apparatus or processes specially adapted for the manufacture of electric switches of switch contacts by powder-metallurgical processes
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B22—CASTING; POWDER METALLURGY
    • B22F—WORKING METALLIC POWDER; MANUFACTURE OF ARTICLES FROM METALLIC POWDER; MAKING METALLIC POWDER; APPARATUS OR DEVICES SPECIALLY ADAPTED FOR METALLIC POWDER
    • B22F2998/00—Supplementary information concerning processes or compositions relating to powder metallurgy
    • B22F2998/10—Processes characterised by the sequence of their steps
    • Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
    • Y10—TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC
    • Y10T—TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER US CLASSIFICATION
    • Y10T428/00—Stock material or miscellaneous articles
    • Y10T428/12—All metal or with adjacent metals
    • Y10T428/12014—All metal or with adjacent metals having metal particles
    • Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
    • Y10—TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC
    • Y10T—TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER US CLASSIFICATION
    • Y10T428/00—Stock material or miscellaneous articles
    • Y10T428/12—All metal or with adjacent metals
    • Y10T428/12014—All metal or with adjacent metals having metal particles
    • Y10T428/12021—All metal or with adjacent metals having metal particles having composition or density gradient or differential porosity
    • Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
    • Y10—TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC
    • Y10T—TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER US CLASSIFICATION
    • Y10T428/00—Stock material or miscellaneous articles
    • Y10T428/12—All metal or with adjacent metals
    • Y10T428/12014—All metal or with adjacent metals having metal particles
    • Y10T428/12028—Composite; i.e., plural, adjacent, spatially distinct metal components [e.g., layers, etc.]
    • Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
    • Y10—TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC
    • Y10T—TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER US CLASSIFICATION
    • Y10T428/00—Stock material or miscellaneous articles
    • Y10T428/12—All metal or with adjacent metals
    • Y10T428/12014—All metal or with adjacent metals having metal particles
    • Y10T428/1216—Continuous interengaged phases of plural metals, or oriented fiber containing
    • Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
    • Y10—TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC
    • Y10T—TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER US CLASSIFICATION
    • Y10T428/00—Stock material or miscellaneous articles
    • Y10T428/12—All metal or with adjacent metals
    • Y10T428/12014—All metal or with adjacent metals having metal particles
    • Y10T428/1216—Continuous interengaged phases of plural metals, or oriented fiber containing
    • Y10T428/12167—Nonmetal containing

Definitions

  • the invention relates to a semi-finished product for electrical contacts made of a composite material based on silver-tin oxide and to a powder metallurgical process for its production.
  • the invention is based on a method with the features specified in the preamble of claim 1 or a semi-finished product with the features specified in the preamble of claim 14.
  • Contact pieces formed from such materials can be superior to silver-cadmium oxide contact pieces under AC3 and AC4 test conditions (defined in IEC standard 158-1), but show more contact heating in the switchgear, which can affect the life of the switchgear . In addition, the internally oxidized contact pieces can no longer be deformed.
  • contact materials from silver-tin oxide by powder metallurgy, namely by mixing a silver powder with a tin oxide powder, forming silver-tin oxide blanks by pressing and sintering the powder mixture, and shaping the blanks by extrusion or by extrusion and rolling.
  • a silver-cadmium oxide contact material such a material produced by powder metallurgy, if it also contains small amounts of tungsten oxide or molybdenum oxide, can perform approximately equally well in contact heating and better in the AC4 service life test, it performs better in the AC3 service life test however worse off.
  • Semi-finished products for electrical contacts which consist of a powder-metallurgically produced composite material based on silver-tin oxide with the addition of at least one further metal oxide (molybdenum oxide, tungsten oxide, bismuth titanate) and a carbide component (tungsten carbide and / or molybdenum carbide), are from DE- 32 32 627 C2 known.
  • DE-29 29 630 A1 From DE-29 29 630 A1 it is known to produce a silver-tin oxide composite powder by a pyrolytic process and to form contact pieces from this composite powder by pressing and sintering. Compared to contact pieces made of silver-cadmium oxide contact pieces, these contact pieces have a longer service life, but they have more contact heating and are more difficult to process.
  • the contact piece known from DE 32 12 005 A1 which is produced by powder metallurgy from a silver tin oxide composite powder and has an oxide-free back made of copper or of a copper alloy. From the same DE 29 29 630 A1 it is also known to additionally store tungsten oxide or molybdenum oxide in the composite powder. This can reduce contact heating, but at the same time the service life in the AC3 test is reduced.
  • the present invention has for its object to provide a semifinished product for electrical contacts based on silver-tin oxide, which can be processed well by extrusion and rolling despite a content of very small tin oxide particles and at the same time equally good in terms of life, tendency to weld and contact heating or better than semi-finished products based on silver-cadmium oxide.
  • the semi-finished product produced according to the invention consists of a composite material which is characterized by a special rough structure in combination with a special fine structure.
  • the rough structure is given by the fact that in the composite material oxide-rich areas, in which all metal oxide or the vast majority of the metal oxide component is concentrated, alternate with low-oxide areas that contain only a small proportion of the metal oxide component or are even oxide-free.
  • the low-oxide regions contain at most a small proportion of metal oxide, finely distributed in a matrix formed from the material of the first component.
  • the oxide-rich regions contain the lion's share of the metal oxide component (in a concentration that is far higher than the usual average metal oxide concentration in a silver-tin oxide-based contact material) and the rest of the material of the first component in the manner of a penetration or intercalation composite material finely divided into one another. These areas are the result of low-oxide and high-oxide powders that have been mixed, pressed and, if necessary, sintered. The size of the low-oxide and high-oxide areas that determine the coarse structure of the composite material therefore depends on the size of the powder particles.
  • the fine structure of the composite material is given by a finely dispersed oxide distribution in the oxide-rich areas of the composite material forming the coarse structure, possibly also in the low-oxide areas, provided that metal oxides are present in them.
  • the entire metal oxide component is best concentrated in the composite powder used, so that the other powder, which contains the major part of the silver or the alloy mainly containing silver (first component), is completely oxide-free. In this case, areas in the composite material in which the metal oxide component is concentrated alternate with areas that are completely free of the metal oxide component.
  • the areas which contain the metal oxide component, in particular the tin oxide are largely separated from one another by an oxide-free matrix (they "float" in an oxide-free matrix, so to speak), so that they prevent the plastic deformation during rolling or extrusion
  • Semi-finished products hinder much less than in the case of more or less evenly distributed metal oxides over the entire material.
  • the semi-finished product according to the invention is characterized by improved deformability. However, this is not bought through an increased tendency to weld or through a reduced service life or through an increased electrical contact resistance.
  • This surprisingly favorable behavior of the contact material produced according to the invention is probably due to the fact that the contact material of known contact materials based on silver-tin oxide is not characterized by a changed total oxide content, but rather by the fact that this total oxide content has been distributed in a new way in the material, namely so that areas with a high metal oxide concentration in the material of the first component alternate with areas of low or vanishing metal oxide concentration in the material of the first component nente, the size of these areas depending on the size of the powder particles from which the composite material is made because of the powder metallurgical production. In the areas of the composite material in which the metal oxide component is present, it should be present in a very fine distribution according to the invention.
  • the total content of the metal oxide component in the semi-finished product can and should be between 5 and 25% by weight in the usual range.
  • the second powder which contains most of the silver or silver alloy
  • this second powder which can be a composite powder or a powder mixture
  • the content of the tin oxide and any further oxides which may be provided should not exceed 3% by weight (based on the weight of this second powder). This proportion could be added individually or as a composite powder.
  • contact pieces produced from the semifinished product according to the invention have a lower electrical contact transition resistance than contact pieces of the same composition which are produced in a conventional manner and thus show less contact heating, which is a further essential advantage of the invention.
  • this is due to the fact that the tin oxide accumulates less strongly on the contacting surface in the case of contact pieces according to the invention, the tin oxide content, which is only finely dispersed in some areas, being favorable for the switching behavior, e.g. has a low tendency to weld.
  • contacts produced from the semifinished product according to the invention suffer less erosion than contact pieces of the same composition produced in a conventional manner.
  • the service life based on the AC3 and AC4 tests is longer than with comparable AgCdO contacts.
  • the major part of the metal oxide component must be concentrated and incorporated in the composite powder. Only the relatively small proportion of metal oxide, which may still be present in the low-oxide areas of the composite, can e.g. are mixed in the form of a pure oxide powder with the powder from the first component of the material. It is preferred that the same oxides are present in the low-oxide regions as in the oxide-rich regions.
  • the metal carbides (especially tungsten carbide and / or molybdenum carbide) that may still be present in the second component and the metals that are not dissolved in the first component (especially tungsten and / or molybdenum) can be added to the powder mixture in the form of separate powders; they are suitable in switching operation to promote the wetting of the tin oxide with silver and thereby to lower the contact transition resistance.
  • the composite powder can be produced by atomizing the melt of an alloy which contains metals of the first component, tin and optionally further oxidizable or non-oxidizable metals of the second component, and then oxidizing the oxidizable metals by the internal oxidation method. It is particularly advantageous to produce the composite powder by spraying an aqueous solution of salts of the metals of the first component and of tin in a hot, oxidizing atmosphere and thus pyrolytically decomposing the salts.
  • the process also known as spray pyrolysis, is e.g. in US-A 3 510 291, in EP-0 012 202 A1 and in DE-29 29 630C2.
  • Metals intended for the composite powder are dissolved in a liquid and the solution is atomized in a hot reactor or into a flame, so that the solvent evaporates suddenly.
  • the resulting solid particles react with the oxygen in the oxidizing atmosphere in the flame or in the reactor at a temperature below the melting temperature of the dissolved metals, producing powder particles in which the metals of the first component, i.e. the silver or the silver alloy, and the Metal oxide component, that is essentially tin oxide, is bound to one another in a very fine distribution.
  • the metal oxide particles are mostly in sizes between 0.1 ⁇ m and 1 ⁇ m (diameter), which is advantageous for the process according to the invention.
  • composite powders produced by spray pyrolysis is also advantageous because, in particular, powder powders are obtained by spray pyrolysis Chen arise that have a spherical or potato-shaped shape, which favors the formation of a deformable semi-finished product, because the spherical or potato-shaped particles resist plastic deformation of the contact material less than irregularly jagged powder particles.
  • the oxidic and carbidic constituents which are optionally provided in addition to the tin oxide bring about a reduction in the contact point temperature in switching operation and an extension in the service life of the contact pieces not only in the case of small and medium current loads, but also in the heavy load range.
  • Molybdenum carbide and tungsten carbide work in small quantities.
  • the additional carbides and oxides should not exceed 6% by weight of the contact material so that it does not become too hard.
  • nickel may also be advantageous to add nickel to the composite material, which is insoluble in silver and is either mixed as a very fine powder with the powder formed from silver or a silver alloy, or else is also introduced as spray-pyrolytically produced silver-nickel powder.
  • the melt is sprayed with a corresponding silver-tin-bismuth alloy.
  • the silver-tin-bismuth alloy powder with a particle size of less than 100 ⁇ m is internally oxidized for 6 hours at a temperature of 700 ° C. in an oxidizing atmosphere.
  • 75 parts by weight of a commercially available silver powder with a particle size smaller than 40 .mu.m and 25 parts by weight of the silver-tin oxide-bismuth oxide composite powder are dry mixed for 1 hour, then isostatically pressed into blocks of approx. 50 kg weight and then sintered at a temperature of 830 ° C for 1.5 hours.
  • the block formed in this way is placed in the recipient of an extrusion press and, with a reduction in cross section, extruded into a strand with a cross section of 10 ⁇ 75 mm 2 hot, at a temperature of approx. 850 C, then hot-rolled plated with a 1.5 mm thick fine silver sheet, hot rolled down to its final thickness of 2mm and processed into contact wafers according to the usual methods.
  • a silver-tin oxide composite powder with 32% by weight of tin oxide is produced by spraying an aqueous solution of silver nitrate and tin-II-chloride in a reactor heated to approx. 950 ° C. with an oxygen-containing atmosphere, whereby a silver-tin oxide composite powder fails , in the powder particles of which the tin oxide is present in a very fine distribution. Subsequently, 75 parts by weight of a silver powder with a particle size smaller than 40 .mu.m are dry mixed with 25 parts by weight of the silver-tin oxide composite powder for one hour and processed into contact wafers as in the first example. The silver-tin oxide composite in the contact wafers has a tin oxide content of 8% by weight.
  • the second example is modified such that 0.5% by weight of tungsten oxide (particle size less than 10 ⁇ m) and 0.3% by weight of tungsten carbide (particle size less than 2.5 ⁇ m) are added to the powder mixture. Otherwise, the procedure is the same as in the second example.
  • the addition of the tungsten oxide and tungsten carbide leads to a lowering of the contact point temperature and to an extended service life of electrical contact pieces produced from the semi-finished product.
  • a silver-tin oxide-tungsten oxide composite powder with 20% by weight of tin oxide and 0.5% by weight of tungsten oxide is produced by spraying an aqueous solution of silver nitrate, tin-II-chloride and tungsten-II-chloride in one to approx. 950 ° C heated reactor with an oxygen-containing atmosphere, whereby a silver-tin oxide-tungsten oxide composite powder fails, in the powder particles of which the tin oxide and the tungsten oxide are present in a very fine distribution.
  • a silver-tin oxide composite powder with 30% by weight of tin oxide is produced as in the second example.
  • a silver-nickel composite powder with 2% by weight of nickel is produced by spraying an aqueous solution of silver nitrate and nickel-II-chloride in a heated to approx. 950 ° C.
  • Actuator with a protective gas atmosphere eg argon, whereby a silver-nickel composite powder fails, in the powder particles of which the nickel is present in a very fine distribution.
  • 50 parts by weight of the silver-tin oxide composite powder and 50 parts by weight of the silver-nickel composite powder are dry mixed for one hour and further processed into contact wafers as in the first example.
  • the fifth example can be modified in that a silver powder and a carbonyl-nickel powder are mixed with the silver-tin oxide composite powder instead of a silver-nickel composite powder. Otherwise, the procedure is as in the fifth example.

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  • Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
  • Materials Engineering (AREA)
  • Manufacturing & Machinery (AREA)
  • Composite Materials (AREA)
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  • Metallurgy (AREA)
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Abstract

Le produit semi-fini décrit comporte une microstructure dans laquelle des régions contenant peu ou pas d'oxyde métallique alternent avec des régions dans lesquelles la totalité ou la majeure partie du constituant oxyde métallique est finement répartie. Est également décrit un procédé de métallurgie des poudres pour fabriquer ledit produit.

Claims (30)

1. Procédé métallurgique de fabrication d'un semi-produit à base de poudre d'argent et d'oxyde d'étain pour contacts électriques, le produit composite comprenant 60 à 95 % en poids d'une premier composant à haute conductivité électrique composée soit d'argent, soit d'un alliage comprenant principalement de l'argent,
le reste comprenant une deuxième composant non soluble dans la première, réduisant la tendance au soudage et à l'usure des contacts par combustion, ladite deuxième composant comprenant, par rapport au poids total de la matière composite, 3 à 25 % en poids d'oxyde d'étain, 0 à 10 % en poids d'un ou de plusieurs autres oxydes métalliques, ledit deuxième composant étant désigné ci-dessous, avec l'oxyde d'étain, par composant d'oxyde métallique,
0 à 10 % en poids d'un ou de plusieurs carbures métalliques et 0 à 10 % en poids d'un ou de plusieurs métaux complémentaires, non solubles dans le premier composant,
l'oxyde d'étain étant prédominant dans la deuxième composant et le composant d'oxyde métallique ne dépassant pas un pourcentage moyen de 25 % en poids de la matière composite,
le procède selon la présente invention consistant en le mélange d'une poudre composite comprenant moins de la moitié du premier composant et 60 à 100 % du composant d'oxyde métallique, par rapport au poids total de la matière composite,
une ou plusieurs poudres comprenant le reste du premier composant et du deuxième composant ; et
en une compression du mélange de poudres pour constituer des corps moulés en matière composite.
2. Procédé selon la revendication 1, caractérisé en ce que les corps moulés sont frittés ultérieurement.
3. Procédé selon la revendication 1 ou 2, caractérisé en ce que les corps moulés sont transformés, ultérieurement, par estampage, par extrusion ou par extrusion et laminage.
4. Procédé selon la revendication 1, caractérisé en ce que la totalité du composant d'oxyde métallique est incorporée à la poudre composite.
5. Procédé selon la revendication 4, caractérisé en ce que la totalité du deuxième composant est incorporée à la poudre composite.
6. Procédé selon la revendication 1 ou 4, caractérisé en ce que les autres oxydes métalliques sous forme de poudre sont mélangés avec la poudre du premier composant et avec la poudre composite du deuxième composant.
7. Procédé selon la revendication 1 ou 4, caractérisé en ce que les carbures métalliques sous forme de poudre sont mélangés à la poudre du premier composant et à la poudre composite du deuxième composant.
8. Procédé selon la revendication 1 ou 4, caractérisé en ce que les autres métaux du deuxième composant sont mélangés, sous forme de poudre, à la poudre du premier composant et à la poudre composite du deuxième composant.
9. Procédé selon l'une quelconque des revendications précédentes, caractérisé en ce que la poudre composite est fabriquée par atomisation d'une fusion comprenant le pourcentage prévu du premier composant, de l'étain et éventuellement d'autres métaux, oxydables ou non oxydables, du deuxième composant, l'oxydation des métaux oxydables dans la poudre d'alliage, respectivement dans la poudre composite, étant obtenue par l'atomisation selon un procédé d'oxydation interne.
10. Procédé selon l'une quelconque des revendications ci-dessus, caractérisé en ce que la poudre composite est obtenue par pulvérisation d'une solution de sels des métaux du premier composant et d'un sel d'étain dans une atmosphère chaude, oxydante, dans laquelle lesdits sels sont décomposés pyrolyti- quement.
11. Procédé selon la revendication 10, caractérisé en ce que la solution comprend également des sels d'autres métaux oxydables.
12. Procédé selon la revendication 11, caractérisé en ce que la solution comprend des sels de tous les métaux oxydables prévus pour la deuxième composant.
13. Procédé selon l'une quelconque des revendications précédentes, caractérisé en ce que la part de la poudre composite dans le mélange de poudre est au maximum de 40 % en poids.
14. Semi-produit à base d'argent et d'oxyde d'étain pour contacts électriques fabriqué en un produit composite, comprenant entre 60 et 95 % en poids d'une premier composant à haute conductivité électrique, constituée soit d'argent, soit d'un alliage comprenant principalement de l'argent, et 40 à 5 % en poids d'une deuxième composant incorprée au premier composant mais non soluble dans ce dernier et réduisant la tendance au soudage et à l'usure par combustion, ledit deuxième composant comprenant, par rapport au poids de la matière composite, 3 à 25 % en poids d'oxyde d'étain, 0 à 10 % en poids d'un ou de plusieurs autres oxydes métalliques, désignés ci-dessous, avec l'oxyde d'étain, par composants d'oxyde métallique, 0 à 10 % en poids d'un ou de plusieurs carbures métalliques et 0 à 10 % en poids d'un ou de plusieurs métaux complémentaires non solubles dans le premier composant,
l'oxyde d'étain étant prédominant dans la deuxième composant et le composant d'oxyde métallique ne dépassant pas une teneur moyenne de 25 % en poids de la matière composite,
caractérisé en ce que des zones pauvres en oxyde, ayant une teneur moyennne de 0 à 20 % du composant d'oxyde métallique finement divisé dans une matrice constituée du matériau du premier composant, varient avec des zones riches en oxyde comprenant à 1,5 à 6 fois la teneur moyenne du composant d'oxyde métallique répartie sur l'ensemble du semi-produit et sur le reste du premier composant,
les zones pauvres en oxyde et les zones riches en oxyde étant divisées, de manière statistiquement régulière, dans la matière composite, les zones pauvres en oxyde entourant, dans la plupart des cas, des zones riches en oxyde.
15. Semi-produit selon la revendication 14, caractérisé en ce que les zones pauvres en oxyde constituent au moins 40 % en volume. de la matière composite et en ce que les zones riches en oxyde constituent le reste.
16. Semi-produit selon la revendication 15, caractérisé en ce que les zones pauvres en oxyde constituent au moins 55 % vol. de la matière composite.
17. Semi-produit selon l'une quelconque des revendications 14 à 16, caractérisé en ce que la composition du composant d'oxyde métallique est la même dans les zones pauvres en oxyde que dans les zones riches en oxyde.
18. Semi-produit selon l'une quelconque des revendications 14 à 16, caractérisé en ce que la totalité du composant d'oxyde métallique est concentrée dans les zones riches en oxyde.
19. Semi-produit selon la revendication 18 , caractérisé en ce que la totalité du deuxième composant est concentrée dans les zones riches en oxyde.
20. Semi-produit selon l'une quelconque des revendications 14 à 19, caractérisé en ce que les zones riches en oxyde sont inférieures à 500 x 10-6 mm3.
21. Semi-produit selon la revendication 20, caractérisé en ce que les zones riches en oxyde sont inférieures à 35 x 10-6 mm3.
22. Semi-produit selon l'une quelconque des revendications 14 à 21, caractérisé en ce que le premier composant est de l'argent pur.
23. Semi-produit selon l'une quelconque des revendications 14 à 21, caractérisé en ce que le premier composant est un alliage d'argent, comprenant 0,1 à 10 % en poids de cuivre.
24. Semi-produit selon l'une quelconque des revendications 14 à 21, caractérisé en ce que le premier composant est un alliage d'argent, comprenant 0,1 à 10 % en poids de palladium.
25. Semi-produit selon l'une quelconque des revendications 14 à 24, caractérisé en ce que la deuxième composant comprend 0,1 à 10 % en poids, par rapport à la masse de la matière composite globale, d'un métal ayant un point de fusion élevée.
26. Semi-produit selon la revendication 25, caractérisé en ce que le métal ayant un point de fusion élevé est le tungstène ou le molybdène.
27. Semi-produit selon l'une quelconque des revendications 14 à 26, caractérisé en ce que les oxydes métalliques complémentaires du deuxième composant sont choisis parmi l'oxyde de tungstène, l'oxyde de molybdène, l'oxyde de vanadium, l'oxyde de bismuth, le titanate de bismuth et l'oxyde de cuivre.
28. Semi-produit selon l'une quelconque des revendications 14 à 27, caractérisé en ce que le carbure métallique du deuxième composant est soit le carbure de tungstène, soit le carbure de molybdène.
29. Semi-produit selon l'une quelconque des revendications 14 à 28, caractérisé en ce que la matière composite comprend jusqu'à 10 % en poids de nickel.
30. Semi-produit selon la revendication 29, caractérisé en ce que la matière composite comprend moins de 1 % en poids de nickel.
EP89903734A 1988-03-26 1989-03-22 Produit semi-fini pour contacts electriques, constitue d'un materiau composite a base d'argent et d'oxyde d'etain, et procede de metallurgie des poudres pour sa fabrication Expired - Lifetime EP0440620B2 (fr)

Priority Applications (1)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
AT89903734T ATE102387T1 (de) 1988-03-26 1989-03-22 Halbzeug fuer elektrische kontakte aus einem verbundwerkstoff auf silber-zinnoxid-basis und pulvermetallurgisches verfahren zu seiner herstellung.

Applications Claiming Priority (3)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
DE3810311 1988-03-26
DE3810311 1988-03-26
PCT/EP1989/000316 WO1989009478A1 (fr) 1988-03-26 1989-03-22 Produit semi-fini pour contacts electriques, constitue d'un materiau composite a base d'argent et d'oxyde d'etain, et procede de metallurgie des poudres pour sa fabrication

Publications (3)

Publication Number Publication Date
EP0440620A1 EP0440620A1 (fr) 1991-08-14
EP0440620B1 true EP0440620B1 (fr) 1994-03-02
EP0440620B2 EP0440620B2 (fr) 1998-06-03

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EP89903734A Expired - Lifetime EP0440620B2 (fr) 1988-03-26 1989-03-22 Produit semi-fini pour contacts electriques, constitue d'un materiau composite a base d'argent et d'oxyde d'etain, et procede de metallurgie des poudres pour sa fabrication

Country Status (9)

Country Link
US (1) US5360673A (fr)
EP (1) EP0440620B2 (fr)
JP (1) JPH03504615A (fr)
CN (1) CN1022934C (fr)
CA (1) CA1339713C (fr)
DD (1) DD283571A5 (fr)
DE (2) DE3909384A1 (fr)
ES (1) ES2012293A6 (fr)
WO (1) WO1989009478A1 (fr)

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FR2916082B1 (fr) * 2007-05-11 2009-06-12 Schneider Electric Ind Sas Procede de fabrication d'un materiau pour pastille de contact electrique, pastille de contact realise par un tel procede
CN100552845C (zh) * 2007-09-27 2009-10-21 天津大学 银基氧化锡梯度电触头材料及制备方法
EP3678198A1 (fr) * 2008-01-17 2020-07-08 Nichia Corporation Procédé de production d'un dispositif électronique
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CN106350692B (zh) * 2016-09-23 2018-04-03 佛山市诺普材料科技有限公司 一种利用银镍合金废料制备银氧化镍的方法
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CN111961910B (zh) * 2020-07-24 2022-07-12 浙江耐迩合金科技有限公司 一种银氧化锡电接触材料的制备方法

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Also Published As

Publication number Publication date
ES2012293A6 (es) 1990-03-01
JPH03504615A (ja) 1991-10-09
EP0440620B2 (fr) 1998-06-03
CN1022934C (zh) 1993-12-01
EP0440620A1 (fr) 1991-08-14
CA1339713C (fr) 1998-03-17
WO1989009478A1 (fr) 1989-10-05
DD283571A5 (de) 1990-10-17
CN1036991A (zh) 1989-11-08
US5360673A (en) 1994-11-01
DE58907140D1 (de) 1994-04-07
DE3909384A1 (de) 1989-10-19

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