EP0414709B1 - Materiau fritte de contact a base d'argent utilise dans des appareils commutateurs d'energie, notamment des plots de contact de commutateurs a basse tension - Google Patents

Materiau fritte de contact a base d'argent utilise dans des appareils commutateurs d'energie, notamment des plots de contact de commutateurs a basse tension Download PDF

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Publication number
EP0414709B1
EP0414709B1 EP89904519A EP89904519A EP0414709B1 EP 0414709 B1 EP0414709 B1 EP 0414709B1 EP 89904519 A EP89904519 A EP 89904519A EP 89904519 A EP89904519 A EP 89904519A EP 0414709 B1 EP0414709 B1 EP 0414709B1
Authority
EP
European Patent Office
Prior art keywords
silver
contact material
contact
metal
titanium
Prior art date
Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
Expired - Lifetime
Application number
EP89904519A
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German (de)
English (en)
Other versions
EP0414709A1 (fr
Inventor
Wolfgang Haufe
Joachim Dipl.-Phys. Grosse
Bernhard Rothkegel
Current Assignee (The listed assignees may be inaccurate. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation or warranty as to the accuracy of the list.)
Siemens AG
Original Assignee
Siemens AG
Priority date (The priority date is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the date listed.)
Filing date
Publication date
Application filed by Siemens AG filed Critical Siemens AG
Priority to AT89904519T priority Critical patent/ATE91727T1/de
Publication of EP0414709A1 publication Critical patent/EP0414709A1/fr
Application granted granted Critical
Publication of EP0414709B1 publication Critical patent/EP0414709B1/fr
Anticipated expiration legal-status Critical
Expired - Lifetime legal-status Critical Current

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Classifications

    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C22—METALLURGY; FERROUS OR NON-FERROUS ALLOYS; TREATMENT OF ALLOYS OR NON-FERROUS METALS
    • C22C—ALLOYS
    • C22C32/00—Non-ferrous alloys containing at least 5% by weight but less than 50% by weight of oxides, carbides, borides, nitrides, silicides or other metal compounds, e.g. oxynitrides, sulfides, whether added as such or formed in situ
    • C22C32/0047—Non-ferrous alloys containing at least 5% by weight but less than 50% by weight of oxides, carbides, borides, nitrides, silicides or other metal compounds, e.g. oxynitrides, sulfides, whether added as such or formed in situ with carbides, nitrides, borides or silicides as the main non-metallic constituents
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C22—METALLURGY; FERROUS OR NON-FERROUS ALLOYS; TREATMENT OF ALLOYS OR NON-FERROUS METALS
    • C22C—ALLOYS
    • C22C1/00—Making non-ferrous alloys
    • C22C1/04—Making non-ferrous alloys by powder metallurgy
    • C22C1/0466—Alloys based on noble metals
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C22—METALLURGY; FERROUS OR NON-FERROUS ALLOYS; TREATMENT OF ALLOYS OR NON-FERROUS METALS
    • C22C—ALLOYS
    • C22C1/00—Making non-ferrous alloys
    • C22C1/04—Making non-ferrous alloys by powder metallurgy
    • C22C1/05—Mixtures of metal powder with non-metallic powder
    • C22C1/059—Making alloys comprising less than 5% by weight of dispersed reinforcing phases
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01H—ELECTRIC SWITCHES; RELAYS; SELECTORS; EMERGENCY PROTECTIVE DEVICES
    • H01H1/00—Contacts
    • H01H1/02—Contacts characterised by the material thereof
    • H01H1/021—Composite material
    • H01H1/023—Composite material having a noble metal as the basic material

Definitions

  • the invention relates to a sintered contact material based on silver for use in switching devices in power engineering, in particular for contact pieces in low-voltage switches, consisting of silver and other active components, which comprise a higher melting metal, a metal alloy and / or a metal compound as an active component.
  • switching devices in energy technology are to be understood exclusively as air switching devices.
  • contact materials of the silver-metal system have proven themselves for a long time.
  • the silver-nickel (AgNi) system had a significant share of these contact materials.
  • the advantageous properties of silver-nickel in contact systems are known and together with the test methods for contact materials, for example in Int. J. Powder Metallurgy and Powder Technology, Vol. 12 (1976), P 219-228.
  • JP-A-589 952 discloses a silver-based sintered contact material which, in addition to silver, comprises at least one nitride from the group of the metals titanium (Ti), zirconium (Zr), niobium (Nb), Chromium (Cr), molybdenum (Mo), manganese (Mn), iron (Fe), vanadium (V) or tantalum (Ta), also a metal from the group of nickel (Ni), iron (Fe) or cobalt (Co ) and in particular contains graphite.
  • JP-A-627 7439 describes a contact material for vacuum switches which, in addition to silver (Ag) and / or copper (Cu) as the base material, an auxiliary metal from the group of cobalt (Co), iron (Fe) and nickel ( Ni) has other high-melting components such as WC, MoC, Cr3C2, TiC, W, Mo, Cr and Ti.
  • the object of the invention is to provide a contact material of the type mentioned in the introduction, in which the nickel as active component in particular is replaced by a metal, a metal alloy or a metal compound without the contact properties being impaired.
  • the total proportion of all active components can preferably be less than 20%.
  • Iron (Fe) and titanium (Ti) in particular can be present in a mass fraction of approximately 54 to 46% and form the intermetallic compound FeTi.
  • Suitable metals for the nitrides and / or carbides and / or borides as possible further active components are, in particular, titanium, but also zirconium or tantalum.
  • the proportion of base components can be increased, ie the necessary proportion of silver can be reduced.
  • the material can contain the base components in mass fractions up to a maximum of 50%.
  • the table shows measured values for the maximum welding force in N, for the volume erosion in mm3 and for the contact resistance in m.
  • these measured values each characterize the property spectrum of the contact material, with the volume erosion in particular being a significant measure of the possible number of switching operations of the contact, i.e. the service life of the contact piece and the contact resistance is a significant measure of the excess temperature at the contact piece.
  • the measured values are compared with the measured values for AgNilO.
  • a powder mixture is first produced from commercially available silver powder and iron or titanium powder or FeTi alloy powder and the powders of the other components by wet mixing.
  • the maximum particle size of the powder is about 25 ⁇ m.
  • Molded parts are pressed from the powder mixture into contact pieces at a pressure of 200 MPa.
  • the molded parts are sintered at a temperature of about 850 ° C. for about an hour in a vacuum or under protective gas.
  • the sintered bodies are subsequently pressed at a pressure of 1000 MPa and sintered again at 650 ° C. for about an hour in a vacuum or under a protective gas.
  • the contact piece thus produced is again calibrated at a pressure of 1000 MPa.
  • contact pieces can be manufactured by first processing the contact material into strips or wires by extrusion. Contact pieces with a directional structure can then be separated from this semi-finished product.
  • iron-titanium alloy powders were used.
  • Optimal properties are available with a FeTi46 alloy in which iron and titanium form the intermetallic phase FeTi. Titanium in particular counteracts the tendency of iron to corrode, which could otherwise have a disruptive effect on the contact piece on the iron over a longer service life.
  • composition of the active component was predominantly chosen so that approximately a volume fraction corresponding to the nickel in the material AgNilO is achieved.
  • titanium nitrides and / or titanium carbides are added to the FeTi46 alloy. Their mass fractions are measured so that they are between 1 and 50% based on the iron-titanium content. Overall, in the examples, care is taken that the material contains a maximum of 50% base components in mass fractions.
  • the welding force of the volume burnup and the contact resistance were determined in a known manner in a test switch under constant test conditions at an inrush current of 1000 A and an off current of 1000 A using a switching number of 500.
  • the results are summarized in the table and are compared with the measured values of a conventional AgNilO material.
  • the table shows that the maximum welding force in all examples is not significantly higher than that of the known AgNilO reference material.
  • the volume burn-off on the other hand, is consistently below that of the reference material.
  • the contact resistance is of the same order of magnitude, sometimes even at higher values.
  • the range of contact properties formed by the combination of the individual values shows values comparable with AgNilO.
  • the specified contact materials can therefore replace the AgNi materials, so that the carcinogenic nickel can now be completely dispensed with.
  • borides can also be used as additional active components.
  • zirconium or tantalum boride can be expected to have good properties, it being possible in each case to combine borides with carbides and / or nitrides.

Landscapes

  • Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Materials Engineering (AREA)
  • Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
  • Metallurgy (AREA)
  • Organic Chemistry (AREA)
  • Composite Materials (AREA)
  • Dispersion Chemistry (AREA)
  • Contacts (AREA)
  • Powder Metallurgy (AREA)

Abstract

Des matériaux de contact contiennent, outre l'argent, au moins un métal, un alliage métallique ou un composé métallique qui présente un point de fusion supérieur à celui de l'argent. Selon l'invention, un matériau de ce type contient, outre l'argent (Ag), entre 2 et 50% en masse d'au moins du fer (Fe) et/ou du titane (Ti). Le cas échéant, le matériau peut également comprendre des nitrures, des carbures et/ou des borures des métaux titane, zirconium et/ou tantale. Il s'est révélé que ces matériaux présentent des propriétés de contact généralement correspondant à celles de AgNi10 et qu'ils peuvent donc entièrement remplacer ce dernier.

Claims (8)

  1. Matériau fritté de contact à base d'argent destiné à être utilisé dans un appareil de coupure de la technique du transport d'énergie, notamment pour des pièces de contact dans des interrupteurs basse tension, constitué par de l'argent et d'autres constituants actifs, qui comprennent un métal à point de fusion élevé, un alliage métallique et/ou un composé métallique, avec la composition suivante :
    - au moins du fer (Fe) et du titane (Ti), qui sont présents sous forme alliée en tant que constituants actifs principaux,
    - au choix, des nitrures et/ou des carbures et/ou des borures de métaux en tant qu'autres constituants actifs,
    - les autres constituants actifs comprenant jusqu'à 50 % en masse rapportés à la partie de fer et de titane, et
    - le pourcentage de tous les constituants actifs dans le matériau étant situé entre 2 et 50 % en masse, et
    - le reste étant constitué respectivement par de l'argent.
  2. Matériau fritté de contact suivant la revendication 1, caractérisé par le fait que le pourcentage des constituants actifs est inférieur à 40 %.
  3. Matériau fritté de contact suivant la revendication 2, caractérisé par le fait que le pourcentage des constituants actifs est inférieur à 30 %.
  4. Matériau fritté de contact suivant la revendication 3, caractérisé par le fait que le pourcentage des constituants actifs est inférieur à 20 %.
  5. Matériau fritté de contact suivant la revendication 1, caractérisé par le fait que le fer (Fe) et le titane (Ti) sont présents en des pourcentages en masse compris approximativement entre 54 et 46 % et forment le composé intermétallique FeTi.
  6. Matériau fritté de contact suivant la revendication 1, caractérisé par le fait que le métal servant à former les nitrures, les carbures et/ou les borures est le titane (Ti).
  7. Matériau fritté de contact suivant la revendication 1, caractérisé par le fait que le métal servant à former les nitrures, les carbures et/ou les borures est le zirconium (Zr).
  8. Matériau fritté de contact suivant la revendication 1, caractérisé par le fait que le métal servant à former les nitrures, les carbures et/ou les borures est le tantale (Ta).
EP89904519A 1988-04-20 1989-04-19 Materiau fritte de contact a base d'argent utilise dans des appareils commutateurs d'energie, notamment des plots de contact de commutateurs a basse tension Expired - Lifetime EP0414709B1 (fr)

Priority Applications (1)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
AT89904519T ATE91727T1 (de) 1988-04-20 1989-04-19 Sinterkontaktwerkstoff auf silberbasis zur verwendung in schaltgeraeten der energietechnik, insbesondere fuer kontaktstuecke in niederspannungsschaltern.

Applications Claiming Priority (2)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
DE3813311 1988-04-20
DE3813311 1988-04-20

Publications (2)

Publication Number Publication Date
EP0414709A1 EP0414709A1 (fr) 1991-03-06
EP0414709B1 true EP0414709B1 (fr) 1993-07-21

Family

ID=6352482

Family Applications (1)

Application Number Title Priority Date Filing Date
EP89904519A Expired - Lifetime EP0414709B1 (fr) 1988-04-20 1989-04-19 Materiau fritte de contact a base d'argent utilise dans des appareils commutateurs d'energie, notamment des plots de contact de commutateurs a basse tension

Country Status (6)

Country Link
US (1) US5246480A (fr)
EP (1) EP0414709B1 (fr)
DE (1) DE58904983D1 (fr)
DK (1) DK246590D0 (fr)
IN (1) IN171942B (fr)
WO (1) WO1989010417A1 (fr)

Cited By (1)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
DE10019121A1 (de) * 2000-04-18 2001-10-25 Moeller Gmbh Elektrischer Schaltkontakt und Verfahren zu dessen Herstellung

Families Citing this family (11)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
DE4117312A1 (de) * 1991-05-27 1992-12-03 Siemens Ag Kontaktwerkstoff auf silberbasis zur verwendung in schaltgeraeten der energietechnik sowie verfahren zur herstellung von kontaktstuecken aus diesem werkstoff
DE4117311A1 (de) * 1991-05-27 1992-12-03 Siemens Ag Kontaktwerkstoff auf silberbasis zur verwendung in schaltgeraeten der energietechnik
DE4205763A1 (de) * 1992-02-25 1993-08-26 Siemens Ag Sinterkontaktwerkstoff auf silberbasis zur verwendung in schaltgeraeten der energietechnik
US5744254A (en) * 1995-05-24 1998-04-28 Virginia Tech Intellectual Properties, Inc. Composite materials including metallic matrix composite reinforcements
US5679471A (en) * 1995-10-16 1997-10-21 General Motors Corporation Silver-nickel nano-composite coating for terminals of separable electrical connectors
JPH09111419A (ja) * 1995-10-16 1997-04-28 Alps Electric Co Ltd 磁気抵抗効果材料および磁気抵抗効果多層膜
DE19543208C1 (de) * 1995-11-20 1997-02-20 Degussa Silber-Eisen-Werkstoff für elektrische Schaltkontakte (II)
DE19543222C1 (de) * 1995-11-20 1997-02-20 Degussa Silber-Eisen-Werkstoff für elektrische Schaltkontakte (I)
DE19543223C1 (de) * 1995-11-20 1997-02-20 Degussa Silber-Eisen-Werkstoff für elektrische Schaltkontakte (III)
US5967860A (en) * 1997-05-23 1999-10-19 General Motors Corporation Electroplated Ag-Ni-C electrical contacts
DE19903619C1 (de) * 1999-01-29 2000-06-08 Louis Renner Gmbh Pulvermetallurgisch hergestellter Verbundwerkstoff und Verfahren zu dessen Herstellung sowie dessen Verwendung

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US1984203A (en) * 1931-12-12 1934-12-11 Mallory & Co Inc P R Hard metallic composition and contacts thereof
US3225169A (en) * 1964-02-24 1965-12-21 Stackpole Carbon Co Silver-refractory metal electrical contact having refractory metal carbide in the marginal layer of its active contact face
US3950165A (en) * 1967-08-09 1976-04-13 Mitsubishi Jukogyo Kabushiki Kaisha Method of liquid-phase sintering ferrous material with iron-titanium alloys
US3482950A (en) * 1968-03-28 1969-12-09 Stackpole Carbon Co High density electrical contacts
US3992199A (en) * 1973-12-03 1976-11-16 P. R. Mallory & Co., Inc. Method of making electrical contact materials
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JPS589952A (ja) * 1981-07-10 1983-01-20 Sumitomo Electric Ind Ltd 電気接点材料
JPS5848323A (ja) * 1981-09-16 1983-03-22 三菱電機株式会社 真空開閉器用接点
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JPS6277439A (ja) * 1985-09-30 1987-04-09 Toshiba Corp 真空バルブ用接点材料
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Title
PATENT ABSTRACTS OF JAPAN, Band 007, Nr. 077 (C-159), 30 März 1983; & JP-A-58 009 952 (Sumitomo Denki Kogyo K.K.) 20-01-1983 *

Cited By (1)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
DE10019121A1 (de) * 2000-04-18 2001-10-25 Moeller Gmbh Elektrischer Schaltkontakt und Verfahren zu dessen Herstellung

Also Published As

Publication number Publication date
DE58904983D1 (de) 1993-08-26
IN171942B (fr) 1993-02-13
DK246590A (da) 1990-10-12
WO1989010417A1 (fr) 1989-11-02
EP0414709A1 (fr) 1991-03-06
US5246480A (en) 1993-09-21
DK246590D0 (da) 1990-10-12

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