WO1997033288A1 - Matiere de contact constituee d'argent et de composants actifs, piece moulee realisee dans cette matiere, et procede de production de cette piece moulee - Google Patents

Matiere de contact constituee d'argent et de composants actifs, piece moulee realisee dans cette matiere, et procede de production de cette piece moulee Download PDF

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Publication number
WO1997033288A1
WO1997033288A1 PCT/DE1997/000329 DE9700329W WO9733288A1 WO 1997033288 A1 WO1997033288 A1 WO 1997033288A1 DE 9700329 W DE9700329 W DE 9700329W WO 9733288 A1 WO9733288 A1 WO 9733288A1
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WO
WIPO (PCT)
Prior art keywords
oxide
contact material
iron
metal
silver
Prior art date
Application number
PCT/DE1997/000329
Other languages
German (de)
English (en)
Inventor
Franz Hauner
Günter Tiefel
Original Assignee
Siemens Aktiengesellschaft
Priority date (The priority date is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the date listed.)
Filing date
Publication date
Application filed by Siemens Aktiengesellschaft filed Critical Siemens Aktiengesellschaft
Publication of WO1997033288A1 publication Critical patent/WO1997033288A1/fr

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Classifications

    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01H—ELECTRIC SWITCHES; RELAYS; SELECTORS; EMERGENCY PROTECTIVE DEVICES
    • H01H1/00—Contacts
    • H01H1/02—Contacts characterised by the material thereof
    • H01H1/021—Composite material
    • H01H1/023—Composite material having a noble metal as the basic material
    • H01H1/0237—Composite material having a noble metal as the basic material and containing oxides
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C22—METALLURGY; FERROUS OR NON-FERROUS ALLOYS; TREATMENT OF ALLOYS OR NON-FERROUS METALS
    • C22C—ALLOYS
    • C22C5/00—Alloys based on noble metals
    • C22C5/06—Alloys based on silver
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01H—ELECTRIC SWITCHES; RELAYS; SELECTORS; EMERGENCY PROTECTIVE DEVICES
    • H01H1/00—Contacts
    • H01H1/02—Contacts characterised by the material thereof
    • H01H1/021—Composite material
    • H01H1/023—Composite material having a noble metal as the basic material
    • H01H1/0237—Composite material having a noble metal as the basic material and containing oxides
    • H01H2001/02378—Composite material having a noble metal as the basic material and containing oxides containing iron-oxide as major component

Definitions

  • the invention relates to a contact material made of silver and active components.
  • the invention further relates to a molded piece consisting of a contact material and to a method for producing such a molded piece.
  • contact materials made of silver, which are m certain active components to improve the
  • metallic contact materials made of silver are, for example, silver-nickel materials (AgNi) and silver-iron materials (AgFe).
  • a silver-iron oxide material (AgFe 2 0 3 ) may be mentioned by way of example as a representative of the oxidic contact materials.
  • a silver-based contact material is known from US Pat. No. 5,198,015 A, which has a mass fraction of 0.5-39.9%.
  • Nickel has a mass fraction of 0.14-7% nickel oxide.
  • Silver-nickel contact materials in particular have good switching properties, but it is disadvantageous that the nickel dust which forms during production or during operation due to abrasion and the nickel oxide formed as a switching product can have deleterious effects on the human organism.
  • Contact materials which contain active components in addition to silver and which have no harmful effect on the human organism are, for example, a silver-iron-rhemum contact material from EP 0 586 411 B1 and the already mentioned silver-iron oxide contact material from DE 41 17 311 AI.
  • the switching properties of the contact materials mentioned can be improved in each case by adding additional active components, for example zirconium oxide (Zr0 2 ), yttrium oxide (Y 2 0 3 ) and iron tungstate (FeWo 4 ).
  • the mass fraction of such additional active components is generally between 0.01% and 5%.
  • Oxidic contact materials i.e. Contact materials with active metal oxide components are characterized by a low tendency to weld and a service life which meets the requirements.
  • Metallic contact materials have a very long service life, especially in the case of small currents, but generally have a higher tendency to weld than the oxidic contact materials.
  • the object of the invention is to provide a nickel-free contact material made of silver with active components, which has a lower tendency to weld compared to a metallic contact material and a longer service life compared to an oxidic contact material and thus has better switching properties overall. It is also an object of the invention to provide a production method for a molded piece made of such a contact material and a molded piece made of the contact material, in particular a contact piece, which is particularly suitable for a circuit breaker in energy technology due to the improved switching properties.
  • this object is achieved by a contact material made of silver with a further metal and an oxide of the further metal as active components, the sum of the mass fractions of the metal and the oxide being between 1% and 50% and the metal being iron and the like Metal oxide is iron oxide.
  • the invention is based on the consideration that a contact material, which contains both metal and an oxide of this metal as active components, the favorable switching properties of a contact material with metallic active components with the favorable switching properties of a contact material with metal oxide Active components united.
  • a contact material of this type is distinguished by a very low tendency to weld while at the same time having a long service life.
  • no harmful effects of iron or iron oxide on the human organism are known.
  • the iron oxide can either be present as Fe 2 0 3 or as Fe 3 0 4 , expediently it is a mixture of Fe 2 0 3 and Fe 3 0 4 , as is readily and inexpensively available commercially.
  • an improvement in the switching properties of the contact material is achieved if it has at least one further active component or lower component.
  • the minor component is a transition metal or an oxide containing the transition metal, the mass fraction of the minor component being between 0.01% and 5%, preferably between 0.01% and 2%.
  • the switching properties that particularly favorably influence the lower components are zirconium oxide (Zr0 2 ), yttrium oxide (Y 2 0 3 ), rhenium oxide (Re0 2 ), rhenium (Re), iron tungstate (FeW0 4 ) and bismuth zirconate (2B ⁇ 2 0 3 x 3Zr0 2 ). These reduced components are also beneficial in combination for the switching properties of the contact material.
  • a piece of a contact material according to the invention which comprises silver, iron and iron oxide, the sum of the mass fractions of iron and iron oxide being between 1% and 50%.
  • the shaped piece is advantageously produced by powder metallurgy. The powder metallurgical manufacturing process is explained in more detail below.
  • the shaped part is advantageously designed in the form of a contact piece.
  • the contact piece can additionally be provided with a layer of Remsilber for secure connection of the contact piece to the base by brazing.
  • the object is achieved according to the invention in that a powder mixture of silver, iron and iron oxide is formed and processed by powder metallurgy to form the shaped piece.
  • the powder mixture is pressed by compression molding into a molding which is processed into the finished molding by sintering and, if necessary, further pressing.
  • the molding can additionally be pressed with a layer of Remsilber for the secure connection of the contact piece to the base by hard solder.
  • the active components added in powder form with a uniform grain size are evenly distributed without macroscopic orientation over the silver matrix, and the structure of the molded part is largely isotropic.
  • the powder mixture is first pressed and / or sintered into a porous compact or slug.
  • the compact or slug is extruded, possibly with a layer of Remsilver, by extrusion to form an extrusion from which the shaped pieces are separated and possibly subsequently Undergo treatment.
  • the powder grains of the active components and possibly the silver are deformed or aligned in the extrusion direction, thereby forming an anisotropic, namely linear structure.
  • Silver matrix its electrical switching properties, e.g. Burn-up, contact resistance and tendency to weld, significantly determined.
  • Metal powder smd m commercially available down to an average grain size of about 5 microns. Since metal oxide powder is available, the average grain size of which is significantly less than 1 ⁇ m, the use of metal oxide powder instead of metal powder and subsequent reduction of the metal oxide enables a contact material to be obtained in which the average grain size of the metallic active components is in the nannometer range. Such a contact material with a fine microstructure has more favorable switching properties than a contact material with a coarse microstructure. In addition, less stringent transport and processing regulations can be used when using metal oxide powders, since, in contrast to metal oxide powders, many metal powders are self-igniting. In this way, the production costs can be reduced.
  • the switching properties of a molded piece made of the contact material are improved by em also cost-effective Manufacturing process in which a first powder mixture of silver and iron oxide is formed and in the first powder mixture the iron oxide is reduced to iron, the first powder mixture changed by this reduction and a second powder mixture is formed from iron oxide and the second powder mixture is processed by powder metallurgy to the shaped piece
  • the sintering process of the production process takes place under inert gas or vacuum.
  • FIG. 1 shows the structure of a silver-iron-iron oxide contact material produced according to the invention by the extrusion technique parallel to the extrusion direction.
  • a silver-iron-iron oxide material is produced.
  • the composition of the powder mixture is such that the sum of the mass fractions of the active components iron (Fe) and iron oxide (Fe 2 0 3 ) in the finished material is 10%, the mass fractions of iron (Fe) and iron oxide (Fe 2 0 3 ) amount to 5% each.
  • the sum of the mass fractions of the other active components is 2%.
  • the powder mixture is further processed into a blank or slug and, according to the extrusion technique described, is pressed under conventional conditions into a shaped piece. All sintering processes take place under inert gas in order to to prevent the iron oxide from being reduced to iron or to prevent oxidation of the iron to iron oxide
  • the contact material produced in this way is referred to as AgFe5F 2 0 3 5 material due to its composition.
  • FIG. 1 shows the structure of the AgFe5F 2 0.5 material according to the invention in a micrograph parallel to the extrusion direction. The switching properties of the contact materials are examined in comparison tests with known metallic or metal oxide contact materials.
  • an Ag (FeRe95 / 5) 8, 8 contact material is used as the representative of the metallic contact materials.
  • the notation Ag (FeRe95 / 5) 8, 8 characterizes a silver-iron-rhenium contact material, the sum of the mass fractions of the active components iron (Fe) and rhenium (Re) being 8.8% and that Ratio of the mass fractions of iron (Fe) to rhenium (Re) 95 to 5 is chosen.
  • a AgFe 2 0 3 5, 4Zr0 2 l contact material is used as a representative for a metal oxide contact material.
  • the AgFe2 ⁇ 3 5, 4Zr0 2 l contact material is characterized by a mass fraction of 5.4% iron oxide (Fe 2 00 and 1% zirconium oxide (Zr0 2 ).
  • the test methods used in the comparative tests have already been described in the assessment of the prior art.
  • the AgFe5F 2 0 3 5 contact material according to the invention shows a lower tendency to weld than the metallic Ag (FeRe95 / 5) 8, 8 contact material and a longer service life than the metal oxide AgFe 2 0 3 5, 4Zr0 2 l contact material.
  • such a contact material is particularly suitable for the use of m circuit breakers in energy technology.

Landscapes

  • Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Materials Engineering (AREA)
  • Composite Materials (AREA)
  • Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
  • Metallurgy (AREA)
  • Organic Chemistry (AREA)
  • Contacts (AREA)
  • Powder Metallurgy (AREA)

Abstract

Des matières de contact comportant comme composant actif un oxyde présentent, principalement par rapport aux matières de contact ayant comme composant actif un métal, l'inconvénient d'avoir une durée de vie plus courte, tandis qu'avec les matières de contact ayant comme composant actif un métal, on doit s'accommoder d'une plus grande tendance à la fusion. Il est proposé, selon l'invention, une matière de contact constituée d'argent qui comprend comme composants actifs, un métal et un oxyde de ce métal, la somme des proportions du métal et de l'oxyde étant comprise entre 1 % et 50 %. L'invention concerne également un procédé permettant de produire une pièce moulée à partir de ladite matière de contact. Cette matière de contact présente généralement des propriétés de commutation plus favorable qu'une matière de contact ayant comme composant actif un métal ou un oxyde métallique et convient donc particulièrement à un sectionneur de puissance utilisé dans la technique des courants forts.
PCT/DE1997/000329 1996-03-05 1997-02-24 Matiere de contact constituee d'argent et de composants actifs, piece moulee realisee dans cette matiere, et procede de production de cette piece moulee WO1997033288A1 (fr)

Applications Claiming Priority (2)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
DE19608490.3 1996-03-05
DE1996108490 DE19608490C1 (de) 1996-03-05 1996-03-05 Kontaktwerkstoff aus Silber und Wirkkomponenten, daraus gefertigtes Formstück sowie Verfahren zur Herstellung des Formstücks

Publications (1)

Publication Number Publication Date
WO1997033288A1 true WO1997033288A1 (fr) 1997-09-12

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PCT/DE1997/000329 WO1997033288A1 (fr) 1996-03-05 1997-02-24 Matiere de contact constituee d'argent et de composants actifs, piece moulee realisee dans cette matiere, et procede de production de cette piece moulee

Country Status (2)

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DE (1) DE19608490C1 (fr)
WO (1) WO1997033288A1 (fr)

Citations (4)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
WO1992022079A1 (fr) * 1991-05-27 1992-12-10 Siemens Aktiengesellschaft Materiau de contact a base d'argent pour l'utilisation dans des appareils de commutation en technologie des courants forts, ainsi que procede pour la fabrication de pieces de contact en ce materiau
WO1992022080A1 (fr) * 1991-05-27 1992-12-10 Siemens Aktiengesellschaft Materiau de contact a base d'argent pour l'utilisation dans des appareils de commutation en technologie des courants forts, ainsi que procede pour la fabrication de pieces de contact en ce materiau
DE4331913A1 (de) * 1993-09-20 1995-03-23 Siemens Ag Verfahren zum Verbinden von einer Kontaktauflage aus Silber-Metalloxid-Werkstoff mit einem metallischen Kontaktträger
JPH07188702A (ja) * 1993-12-27 1995-07-25 Matsushita Electric Works Ltd Ａｇ基合金粉末及びその製造方法

Family Cites Families (6)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
DE3816895A1 (de) * 1987-06-06 1988-12-22 Degussa Verwendung eines silber-eisen-werkstoffs fuer elektrische kontakte
DE3911904A1 (de) * 1988-04-16 1989-12-14 Duerrwaechter E Dr Doduco Pulvermetallurgisches verfahren zum herstellen eines halbzeugs fuer elektrische kontakte aus einem verbundwerkstoff auf silberbasis mit eisen
JPH0791608B2 (ja) * 1990-06-21 1995-10-04 松下電工株式会社 接点材料およびその製造方法
DE4201940A1 (de) * 1992-01-24 1993-07-29 Siemens Ag Sinterverbundwerkstoff fuer elektrische kontakte in schaltgeraeten der energietechnik
DE4343550A1 (de) * 1993-12-20 1995-06-22 Siemens Ag Kontaktwerkstoff auf Silberbasis zur Verwendung in Schaltgeräten der Energietechnik
JPH0896643A (ja) * 1994-09-28 1996-04-12 Matsushita Electric Works Ltd 電気接点材料

Patent Citations (4)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
WO1992022079A1 (fr) * 1991-05-27 1992-12-10 Siemens Aktiengesellschaft Materiau de contact a base d'argent pour l'utilisation dans des appareils de commutation en technologie des courants forts, ainsi que procede pour la fabrication de pieces de contact en ce materiau
WO1992022080A1 (fr) * 1991-05-27 1992-12-10 Siemens Aktiengesellschaft Materiau de contact a base d'argent pour l'utilisation dans des appareils de commutation en technologie des courants forts, ainsi que procede pour la fabrication de pieces de contact en ce materiau
DE4331913A1 (de) * 1993-09-20 1995-03-23 Siemens Ag Verfahren zum Verbinden von einer Kontaktauflage aus Silber-Metalloxid-Werkstoff mit einem metallischen Kontaktträger
JPH07188702A (ja) * 1993-12-27 1995-07-25 Matsushita Electric Works Ltd Ａｇ基合金粉末及びその製造方法

Non-Patent Citations (1)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Title
PATENT ABSTRACTS OF JAPAN vol. 095, no. 010 30 November 1995 (1995-11-30) *

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Publication number Publication date
DE19608490C1 (de) 1997-09-04

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