EP0604417B1 - Control of high-side pressure in transcritical vapor compression cycle - Google Patents
Control of high-side pressure in transcritical vapor compression cycle Download PDFInfo
- Publication number
- EP0604417B1 EP0604417B1 EP91916351A EP91916351A EP0604417B1 EP 0604417 B1 EP0604417 B1 EP 0604417B1 EP 91916351 A EP91916351 A EP 91916351A EP 91916351 A EP91916351 A EP 91916351A EP 0604417 B1 EP0604417 B1 EP 0604417B1
- Authority
- EP
- European Patent Office
- Prior art keywords
- pressure
- throttling valve
- gas cooler
- refrigerant
- circuit
- Prior art date
- Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
- Expired - Lifetime
Links
Images
Classifications
-
- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F25—REFRIGERATION OR COOLING; COMBINED HEATING AND REFRIGERATION SYSTEMS; HEAT PUMP SYSTEMS; MANUFACTURE OR STORAGE OF ICE; LIQUEFACTION SOLIDIFICATION OF GASES
- F25B—REFRIGERATION MACHINES, PLANTS OR SYSTEMS; COMBINED HEATING AND REFRIGERATION SYSTEMS; HEAT PUMP SYSTEMS
- F25B9/00—Compression machines, plants or systems, in which the refrigerant is air or other gas of low boiling point
- F25B9/002—Compression machines, plants or systems, in which the refrigerant is air or other gas of low boiling point characterised by the refrigerant
- F25B9/008—Compression machines, plants or systems, in which the refrigerant is air or other gas of low boiling point characterised by the refrigerant the refrigerant being carbon dioxide
-
- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F25—REFRIGERATION OR COOLING; COMBINED HEATING AND REFRIGERATION SYSTEMS; HEAT PUMP SYSTEMS; MANUFACTURE OR STORAGE OF ICE; LIQUEFACTION SOLIDIFICATION OF GASES
- F25B—REFRIGERATION MACHINES, PLANTS OR SYSTEMS; COMBINED HEATING AND REFRIGERATION SYSTEMS; HEAT PUMP SYSTEMS
- F25B41/00—Fluid-circulation arrangements
- F25B41/30—Expansion means; Dispositions thereof
- F25B41/31—Expansion valves
- F25B41/33—Expansion valves with the valve member being actuated by the fluid pressure, e.g. by the pressure of the refrigerant
-
- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F25—REFRIGERATION OR COOLING; COMBINED HEATING AND REFRIGERATION SYSTEMS; HEAT PUMP SYSTEMS; MANUFACTURE OR STORAGE OF ICE; LIQUEFACTION SOLIDIFICATION OF GASES
- F25B—REFRIGERATION MACHINES, PLANTS OR SYSTEMS; COMBINED HEATING AND REFRIGERATION SYSTEMS; HEAT PUMP SYSTEMS
- F25B45/00—Arrangements for charging or discharging refrigerant
-
- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F25—REFRIGERATION OR COOLING; COMBINED HEATING AND REFRIGERATION SYSTEMS; HEAT PUMP SYSTEMS; MANUFACTURE OR STORAGE OF ICE; LIQUEFACTION SOLIDIFICATION OF GASES
- F25B—REFRIGERATION MACHINES, PLANTS OR SYSTEMS; COMBINED HEATING AND REFRIGERATION SYSTEMS; HEAT PUMP SYSTEMS
- F25B2309/00—Gas cycle refrigeration machines
- F25B2309/06—Compression machines, plants or systems characterised by the refrigerant being carbon dioxide
- F25B2309/061—Compression machines, plants or systems characterised by the refrigerant being carbon dioxide with cycle highest pressure above the supercritical pressure
-
- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F25—REFRIGERATION OR COOLING; COMBINED HEATING AND REFRIGERATION SYSTEMS; HEAT PUMP SYSTEMS; MANUFACTURE OR STORAGE OF ICE; LIQUEFACTION SOLIDIFICATION OF GASES
- F25B—REFRIGERATION MACHINES, PLANTS OR SYSTEMS; COMBINED HEATING AND REFRIGERATION SYSTEMS; HEAT PUMP SYSTEMS
- F25B2341/00—Details of ejectors not being used as compression device; Details of flow restrictors or expansion valves
- F25B2341/06—Details of flow restrictors or expansion valves
- F25B2341/063—Feed forward expansion valves
-
- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F25—REFRIGERATION OR COOLING; COMBINED HEATING AND REFRIGERATION SYSTEMS; HEAT PUMP SYSTEMS; MANUFACTURE OR STORAGE OF ICE; LIQUEFACTION SOLIDIFICATION OF GASES
- F25B—REFRIGERATION MACHINES, PLANTS OR SYSTEMS; COMBINED HEATING AND REFRIGERATION SYSTEMS; HEAT PUMP SYSTEMS
- F25B2400/00—General features or devices for refrigeration machines, plants or systems, combined heating and refrigeration systems or heat-pump systems, i.e. not limited to a particular subgroup of F25B
- F25B2400/16—Receivers
-
- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F25—REFRIGERATION OR COOLING; COMBINED HEATING AND REFRIGERATION SYSTEMS; HEAT PUMP SYSTEMS; MANUFACTURE OR STORAGE OF ICE; LIQUEFACTION SOLIDIFICATION OF GASES
- F25B—REFRIGERATION MACHINES, PLANTS OR SYSTEMS; COMBINED HEATING AND REFRIGERATION SYSTEMS; HEAT PUMP SYSTEMS
- F25B2600/00—Control issues
- F25B2600/17—Control issues by controlling the pressure of the condenser
Definitions
- the present invention relates to vapor compression cycle devices such as refrigerating, air-conditioning and heat pump systems, operating under transcritical conditions, and more particularly to a method of high-side pressure regulation maintaining optimum operation with respect to energy consumption.
- PTC application WO 990/07683 discloses a transcritical vapor compression cycle device and a method for regulating its capacity based on modulation of the supercritical high-side pressure.
- the system consists of a compressor, a gas cooler (condenser), an internal heat exchanger, an evaporator and a receiver. Capacity control is achieved by varying the liquid inventory of the low pressure refrigerant receiver situated intermediate the evaporator and the compressor, where a throttling valve between the high pressure outlet of the internal heat exchanger and evaporator inlet is applied as steering means.
- the present invention starts from the teaching of the above mentioned WO 90/07683. It is an object of the present invention to provide for a respective method and device, respectively, which is simple and which is adapted to avoid waste of energy.
- the modulating of the supercritical high-side pressure is performed by controlling the degree of opening of the throttling valve.
- the control means of the device according to the invention may operatively be connected to the throttling valve and may be adapted to control the degree of opening of the throttling valve.
- the above method may include that detection of the operating condition is conducted by measurement of the refrigerant temperature adjacent an outlet of the gas cooler.
- the detecting means comprises means for measuring a parameter representative of the refrigerant temperature adjacent said outlet of the gas cooler.
- the throttling valve may be a back-pressure controlling unit with variable set-point electronically controlled by a microprocessor.
- the throttling valve is a back-pressure controlling unit with variable set-point comprising a temperature sensor bulb situated at or near the gas cooler refrigerant outlet or at another location having a temperature representing the operating condition of the circuit, and a membrane arrangement regulating the set-point of the back-pressure controlling unit in a desired relation to the bulb temperature.
- carbon dioxide is applied as a refrigerant.
- a well known peculiarity of transcritical cycles (operating with the refrigerant compressed to a supercritical pressure in the high-side) is that the coefficient of performance COP, defined as the ratio between the refrigerating capacity and applied compressor shaft power, can be raised by increasing the high-side pressure, while the gas cooler (condenser) outlet refrigerant temperature is maintained mainly constant. This can be illustrated by means of a conventional pressure enthalpy diagram.
- the COP increases with increasing high-side pressure only up to a certain level and then begins to decline as the extra refrigerating effect no longer fully compensates for the extra work of compression.
- a diagram showing the cooling capacity (Q o ), compressor shaft power (P) and their ratio (COP) as a function of high-side pressure can be provided.
- Fig. 1 illustrates such a diagram generated for refrigerant CO2 at a constant evaporating and gas cooler (condenser) outlet temperature, based on theoretical cycle calculations.
- the COP reaches a maximum as indicated.
- the detected refrigerant temperature at the gas cooler (condenser) outlet or some other temperature or parameter corresponding to this will be the only significant steering parameter required as input for control of the throttling valve.
- a back-pressure controller as throttling valve may give certain advantages in that internal compensation for varying refrigerant mass flow and density is obtained.
- a throttling valve with back-pressure control will keep the inlet pressure, i.e. high-side pressure, at the set point regardless of refrigerant mass flow and inlet refrigerant temperature.
- the set-point of the back-pressure controller is then regulated by means of an actuator operating in accordance with the predetermined control scheme indicated above.
- Fig. 3 illustrates a preferred embodiment of the transcritical refrigerating circuit comprising a compressor 10 connected in series to a gas cooler (condenser) 11, an internal counterflow heat exchanger 12 and a throttling valve 13.
- An evaporator 14 and a low pressure liquid receiver 16 are connected intermediate the throttling valve and the compressor.
- a temperature sensor at the gas cooler (condenser) refrigerant outlet 5 provides information on the operating conditions of the circuit to the control system 7 e.g. a microprocessor.
- the throttling valve 13 is equipped with an actuator 9 and the valve position is automatically modulated in accordance with the predetermined set-point pressure characteristics by the control system.
- the circuit is now provided with a throttling valve 13 based on a simple mechanical back-pressure controller eliminating use of the microprocessor and electronic control of the valve shown in Example 1.
- the regulator is equipped with a temperature sensor bulb 5 situated at or near the gas cooler (condenser) refrigerant outlet.
- the pressure resulting from the sensor bulb temperature mechanically adjusts the set-point of the back-pressure controller according to the gas cooler (condenser) outlet refrigerant temperature.
- the gas cooler condenser
- the circuit is based on one of the throttling valve control concepts described in Examples 1 or 2, but instead of locating the temperature sensor or sensor bulb at the gas cooler (condenser) refrigerant outlet, the sensor or sensor bulb measures the inlet temperature of the cooling agent to which heat is rejected.
- the sensor or sensor bulb measures the inlet temperature of the cooling agent to which heat is rejected.
- the signal from a temperature sensor or bulb may be replaced by a signal representing the desired cooling or heating capacity of the system. Due to the correspondence between ambient temperature and load, this signal may serve as a basis for regulating throttling valve set-point pressure.
Landscapes
- Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
- Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
- Thermal Sciences (AREA)
- General Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
- Chemical Kinetics & Catalysis (AREA)
- Fluid Mechanics (AREA)
- Auxiliary Devices For And Details Of Packaging Control (AREA)
- Compression-Type Refrigeration Machines With Reversible Cycles (AREA)
- Processing Of Solid Wastes (AREA)
- Organic Low-Molecular-Weight Compounds And Preparation Thereof (AREA)
- Eye Examination Apparatus (AREA)
- Separation By Low-Temperature Treatments (AREA)
- Crystals, And After-Treatments Of Crystals (AREA)
- Lasers (AREA)
- Compressors, Vaccum Pumps And Other Relevant Systems (AREA)
- Devices That Are Associated With Refrigeration Equipment (AREA)
- Air Conditioning Control Device (AREA)
- Heat-Pump Type And Storage Water Heaters (AREA)
- Compressor (AREA)
- Reduction Or Emphasis Of Bandwidth Of Signals (AREA)
Applications Claiming Priority (1)
Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
---|---|---|---|
PCT/NO1991/000119 WO1993006423A1 (en) | 1991-09-16 | 1991-09-16 | Method of high-side pressure regulation in transcritical vapor compression cycle device |
Publications (2)
Publication Number | Publication Date |
---|---|
EP0604417A1 EP0604417A1 (en) | 1994-07-06 |
EP0604417B1 true EP0604417B1 (en) | 1996-04-17 |
Family
ID=19907665
Family Applications (1)
Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
---|---|---|---|
EP91916351A Expired - Lifetime EP0604417B1 (en) | 1991-09-16 | 1991-09-16 | Control of high-side pressure in transcritical vapor compression cycle |
Country Status (13)
Country | Link |
---|---|
EP (1) | EP0604417B1 (ja) |
JP (1) | JP2931668B2 (ja) |
KR (1) | KR100245958B1 (ja) |
AT (1) | ATE137009T1 (ja) |
AU (1) | AU669473B2 (ja) |
BR (1) | BR9107318A (ja) |
CA (1) | CA2119015C (ja) |
DE (1) | DE69118924T2 (ja) |
DK (1) | DK0604417T3 (ja) |
ES (1) | ES2088502T3 (ja) |
NO (1) | NO180603C (ja) |
RU (1) | RU2088865C1 (ja) |
WO (1) | WO1993006423A1 (ja) |
Cited By (6)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
EP0952344A2 (en) | 1998-04-16 | 1999-10-27 | Kabushiki Kaisha Toyoda Jidoshokki Seisakusho | Flow control valve for a variable displacement refrigerant compressor |
US6105380A (en) * | 1998-04-16 | 2000-08-22 | Kabushiki Kaisha Toyoda Jidoshokki Seisakusho | Refrigerating system and method of operating the same |
US6182456B1 (en) | 1998-04-20 | 2001-02-06 | Denso Corporation | Supercritical refrigerating cycle system |
US6523365B2 (en) * | 2000-12-29 | 2003-02-25 | Visteon Global Technologies, Inc. | Accumulator with internal heat exchanger |
US6923011B2 (en) | 2003-09-02 | 2005-08-02 | Tecumseh Products Company | Multi-stage vapor compression system with intermediate pressure vessel |
DE102005044029B3 (de) * | 2005-09-14 | 2007-03-22 | Stiebel Eltron Gmbh & Co. Kg | Wärmepumpe |
Families Citing this family (41)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
NO175830C (no) * | 1992-12-11 | 1994-12-14 | Sinvent As | Kompresjonskjölesystem |
DE4432272C2 (de) * | 1994-09-09 | 1997-05-15 | Daimler Benz Ag | Verfahren zum Betreiben einer Kälteerzeugungsanlage für das Klimatisieren von Fahrzeugen und eine Kälteerzeugungsanlage zur Durchführung desselben |
NO970066D0 (no) * | 1997-01-08 | 1997-01-08 | Norild As | Kuldeanlegg med lukket sirkulasjonskrets |
JPH1163694A (ja) * | 1997-08-21 | 1999-03-05 | Zexel Corp | 冷却サイクル |
JP3365273B2 (ja) * | 1997-09-25 | 2003-01-08 | 株式会社デンソー | 冷凍サイクル |
US6206652B1 (en) | 1998-08-25 | 2001-03-27 | Copeland Corporation | Compressor capacity modulation |
JP4196450B2 (ja) * | 1997-11-06 | 2008-12-17 | 株式会社デンソー | 超臨界冷凍サイクル |
US6105386A (en) * | 1997-11-06 | 2000-08-22 | Denso Corporation | Supercritical refrigerating apparatus |
JPH11211250A (ja) * | 1998-01-21 | 1999-08-06 | Denso Corp | 超臨界冷凍サイクル |
FR2779215B1 (fr) | 1998-05-28 | 2000-08-04 | Valeo Climatisation | Circuit de climatisation utilisant un fluide refrigerant a l'etat supercritique, notamment pour vehicule |
FR2779216B1 (fr) | 1998-05-28 | 2000-08-04 | Valeo Climatisation | Dispositif de climatisation de vehicule utilisant un fluide refrigerant a l'etat supercritique |
DE19829335C2 (de) * | 1998-07-01 | 2000-06-08 | Kki Klima-, Kaelte- Und Industrieanlagen Schmitt Kg | Kälteanlage |
DE19832480A1 (de) * | 1998-07-20 | 2000-01-27 | Behr Gmbh & Co | Mit CO¶2¶ betreibbare Klimaanlage für ein Fahrzeug |
JP4207340B2 (ja) * | 1999-03-15 | 2009-01-14 | 株式会社デンソー | 冷凍サイクル |
JP2000320910A (ja) * | 1999-05-11 | 2000-11-24 | Bosch Automotive Systems Corp | 冷凍サイクルの制御方法及びこの方法を用いた冷凍サイクル |
JP2000346472A (ja) | 1999-06-08 | 2000-12-15 | Mitsubishi Heavy Ind Ltd | 超臨界蒸気圧縮サイクル |
JP2001033115A (ja) * | 1999-07-16 | 2001-02-09 | Zexel Valeo Climate Control Corp | 冷凍サイクル |
WO2001006183A1 (fr) * | 1999-07-16 | 2001-01-25 | Zexel Valeo Climate Control Corporation | Cycle frigorifique |
FR2796595B1 (fr) * | 1999-07-22 | 2001-09-28 | Valeo Climatisation | Dispositif detendeur pour circuit de climatisation, en particulier de vehicule automobile |
JP2001174076A (ja) * | 1999-10-08 | 2001-06-29 | Zexel Valeo Climate Control Corp | 冷凍サイクル |
JP3838008B2 (ja) * | 2000-09-06 | 2006-10-25 | 松下電器産業株式会社 | 冷凍サイクル装置 |
NO20014258D0 (no) * | 2001-09-03 | 2001-09-03 | Sinvent As | System for kjöle- og oppvarmingsformål |
US6568199B1 (en) | 2002-01-22 | 2003-05-27 | Carrier Corporation | Method for optimizing coefficient of performance in a transcritical vapor compression system |
WO2003083381A1 (fr) | 2002-03-28 | 2003-10-09 | Matsushita Electric Industrial Co., Ltd. | Dispositif a cycle frigorifique |
JP2003294338A (ja) * | 2002-03-29 | 2003-10-15 | Japan Climate Systems Corp | 熱交換器 |
JP4143434B2 (ja) | 2003-02-03 | 2008-09-03 | カルソニックカンセイ株式会社 | 超臨界冷媒を用いた車両用空調装置 |
DE10337136A1 (de) * | 2003-08-11 | 2005-03-24 | Behr Gmbh & Co. Kg | Klimaanlage und Verfahren zur Regelung der Heizleistung derselben |
US6959557B2 (en) | 2003-09-02 | 2005-11-01 | Tecumseh Products Company | Apparatus for the storage and controlled delivery of fluids |
US7096679B2 (en) | 2003-12-23 | 2006-08-29 | Tecumseh Products Company | Transcritical vapor compression system and method of operating including refrigerant storage tank and non-variable expansion device |
DE102004015297A1 (de) * | 2004-03-29 | 2005-11-03 | Andreas Bangheri | Vorrichtung und Verfahren zur zyklischen Dampfkompression |
JP4179231B2 (ja) | 2004-06-09 | 2008-11-12 | 株式会社デンソー | 圧力制御弁と蒸気圧縮式冷凍サイクル |
JP4613526B2 (ja) * | 2004-06-23 | 2011-01-19 | 株式会社デンソー | 超臨界式ヒートポンプサイクル装置 |
WO2006087005A1 (en) * | 2005-02-18 | 2006-08-24 | Carrier Corporation | Method for controlling high-pressure in an intermittently supercritically operating refrigeration circuit |
JP2007139342A (ja) * | 2005-11-21 | 2007-06-07 | Mitsubishi Heavy Ind Ltd | 空気調和機の圧力制御弁および空気調和機 |
JP2008064439A (ja) * | 2006-09-11 | 2008-03-21 | Daikin Ind Ltd | 空気調和装置 |
US8157538B2 (en) | 2007-07-23 | 2012-04-17 | Emerson Climate Technologies, Inc. | Capacity modulation system for compressor and method |
ES2623055T3 (es) | 2009-01-27 | 2017-07-10 | Emerson Climate Technologies, Inc. | Sistema y método de descarga para un compresor |
US10378533B2 (en) | 2011-12-06 | 2019-08-13 | Bitzer Us, Inc. | Control for compressor unloading system |
JP2013124802A (ja) * | 2011-12-14 | 2013-06-24 | Panasonic Corp | 冷凍サイクル装置 |
WO2014120332A1 (en) * | 2013-01-31 | 2014-08-07 | Carrier Corporation | Multi-compartment transport refrigeration system with economizer |
CN112432376B (zh) * | 2020-11-24 | 2021-09-03 | 同济大学 | 二氧化碳冷藏冷冻系统及智能切换-混合控制方法 |
Family Cites Families (8)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
US1591302A (en) * | 1925-06-09 | 1926-07-06 | William S Franklin | Automatic expansion valve for refrigerating systems |
US3400555A (en) * | 1966-05-02 | 1968-09-10 | American Gas Ass | Refrigeration system employing heat actuated compressor |
US3413815A (en) * | 1966-05-02 | 1968-12-03 | American Gas Ass | Heat-actuated regenerative compressor for refrigerating systems |
US3638446A (en) * | 1969-06-27 | 1972-02-01 | Robert T Palmer | Low ambient control of subcooling control valve |
GB1544804A (en) * | 1977-05-02 | 1979-04-25 | Commercial Refrigeration Ltd | Apparatus for and methods of transferring heat between bodies of fluid or other substance |
SE463533B (sv) * | 1987-04-13 | 1990-12-03 | Handelsbolaget Heliovent | Anording foer temperaturbaserad koeldmediestyrning vid en vaermepump |
NO890076D0 (no) * | 1989-01-09 | 1989-01-09 | Sinvent As | Luftkondisjonering. |
US5042262A (en) * | 1990-05-08 | 1991-08-27 | Liquid Carbonic Corporation | Food freezer |
-
1991
- 1991-09-16 WO PCT/NO1991/000119 patent/WO1993006423A1/en active IP Right Grant
- 1991-09-16 CA CA002119015A patent/CA2119015C/en not_active Expired - Lifetime
- 1991-09-16 BR BR9107318A patent/BR9107318A/pt unknown
- 1991-09-16 JP JP3515570A patent/JP2931668B2/ja not_active Expired - Fee Related
- 1991-09-16 AU AU85301/91A patent/AU669473B2/en not_active Ceased
- 1991-09-16 DK DK91916351.9T patent/DK0604417T3/da active
- 1991-09-16 EP EP91916351A patent/EP0604417B1/en not_active Expired - Lifetime
- 1991-09-16 DE DE69118924T patent/DE69118924T2/de not_active Expired - Lifetime
- 1991-09-16 RU RU9194030805A patent/RU2088865C1/ru not_active IP Right Cessation
- 1991-09-16 ES ES91916351T patent/ES2088502T3/es not_active Expired - Lifetime
- 1991-09-16 AT AT91916351T patent/ATE137009T1/de not_active IP Right Cessation
-
1994
- 1994-03-15 KR KR1019940700840A patent/KR100245958B1/ko not_active IP Right Cessation
- 1994-03-16 NO NO940936A patent/NO180603C/no not_active IP Right Cessation
Cited By (8)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
EP0952344A2 (en) | 1998-04-16 | 1999-10-27 | Kabushiki Kaisha Toyoda Jidoshokki Seisakusho | Flow control valve for a variable displacement refrigerant compressor |
US6105380A (en) * | 1998-04-16 | 2000-08-22 | Kabushiki Kaisha Toyoda Jidoshokki Seisakusho | Refrigerating system and method of operating the same |
US6260369B1 (en) | 1998-04-16 | 2001-07-17 | Kabushiki Kaisha Toyoda Jidoshokki Seisakusho | Flow control valve for a variable displacement refrigerant compressor |
US6182456B1 (en) | 1998-04-20 | 2001-02-06 | Denso Corporation | Supercritical refrigerating cycle system |
DE19917048B4 (de) * | 1998-04-20 | 2005-11-03 | Kabushiki Kaisha Toyota Jidoshokki, Kariya | Superkritisches Kältekreislaufsystem |
US6523365B2 (en) * | 2000-12-29 | 2003-02-25 | Visteon Global Technologies, Inc. | Accumulator with internal heat exchanger |
US6923011B2 (en) | 2003-09-02 | 2005-08-02 | Tecumseh Products Company | Multi-stage vapor compression system with intermediate pressure vessel |
DE102005044029B3 (de) * | 2005-09-14 | 2007-03-22 | Stiebel Eltron Gmbh & Co. Kg | Wärmepumpe |
Also Published As
Publication number | Publication date |
---|---|
NO180603B (no) | 1997-02-03 |
EP0604417A1 (en) | 1994-07-06 |
JP2931668B2 (ja) | 1999-08-09 |
RU2088865C1 (ru) | 1997-08-27 |
NO940936L (no) | 1994-03-16 |
JPH06510111A (ja) | 1994-11-10 |
BR9107318A (pt) | 1995-11-07 |
DE69118924D1 (de) | 1996-05-23 |
AU669473B2 (en) | 1996-06-13 |
DE69118924T2 (de) | 1996-11-21 |
CA2119015C (en) | 2002-07-09 |
RU94030805A (ru) | 1997-04-20 |
KR100245958B1 (en) | 2000-04-01 |
AU8530191A (en) | 1993-04-27 |
NO940936D0 (no) | 1994-03-16 |
CA2119015A1 (en) | 1993-04-01 |
ES2088502T3 (es) | 1996-08-16 |
NO180603C (no) | 1997-05-14 |
ATE137009T1 (de) | 1996-05-15 |
WO1993006423A1 (en) | 1993-04-01 |
DK0604417T3 (da) | 1996-08-26 |
Similar Documents
Publication | Publication Date | Title |
---|---|---|
EP0604417B1 (en) | Control of high-side pressure in transcritical vapor compression cycle | |
US6260367B1 (en) | Refrigerating cycle | |
US6923011B2 (en) | Multi-stage vapor compression system with intermediate pressure vessel | |
US5245836A (en) | Method and device for high side pressure regulation in transcritical vapor compression cycle | |
EP1646831B1 (en) | Refrigeration system having variable speed fan | |
US8096141B2 (en) | Superheat control by pressure ratio | |
KR100755160B1 (ko) | 냉각 시스템의 제어 | |
KR100517684B1 (ko) | 펄스 폭으로 변조되는 듀티 사이클 스크롤 압축기를사용하는 냉장 시스템을 위한 적응 제어 | |
US4498310A (en) | Heat pump system | |
US9939185B2 (en) | Indoor and outdoor ambient condition driven system | |
US4910968A (en) | Refrigerating apparatus | |
US5007245A (en) | Vapor cycle system with multiple evaporator load control and superheat control | |
US6298674B1 (en) | Method for operating a subcritically and transcritically operated vehicle air conditioner | |
EP1329677B1 (en) | Transcritical vapor compression system | |
US7051542B2 (en) | Transcritical vapor compression optimization through maximization of heating capacity | |
EP1869375B1 (en) | Method of determining optimal coefficient of performance in a transcritical vapor compression system and a transcritical vapor compression system | |
CN101253374A (zh) | 使用变速压缩机的热泵水加热系统 | |
US20230235934A1 (en) | Temperature Regulating Refrigeration Systems for Varying Loads | |
JP2922925B2 (ja) | 冷凍装置 | |
JPS60202276A (ja) | 空調装置 | |
JPS62116861A (ja) | 空気調和機 | |
JPS6115051A (ja) | 冷凍装置 | |
JPS62228830A (ja) | ヒ−トポンプ装置 | |
JPH07111182B2 (ja) | 冷凍装置の出力容量制御方式 | |
JPS62108966A (ja) | 冷凍装置 |
Legal Events
Date | Code | Title | Description |
---|---|---|---|
PUAI | Public reference made under article 153(3) epc to a published international application that has entered the european phase |
Free format text: ORIGINAL CODE: 0009012 |
|
17P | Request for examination filed |
Effective date: 19940310 |
|
AK | Designated contracting states |
Kind code of ref document: A1 Designated state(s): AT BE CH DE DK ES FR GB IT LI LU NL SE |
|
17Q | First examination report despatched |
Effective date: 19941011 |
|
GRAH | Despatch of communication of intention to grant a patent |
Free format text: ORIGINAL CODE: EPIDOS IGRA |
|
GRAA | (expected) grant |
Free format text: ORIGINAL CODE: 0009210 |
|
AK | Designated contracting states |
Kind code of ref document: B1 Designated state(s): AT BE CH DE DK ES FR GB IT LI LU NL SE |
|
PG25 | Lapsed in a contracting state [announced via postgrant information from national office to epo] |
Ref country code: BE Effective date: 19960417 Ref country code: AT Effective date: 19960417 Ref country code: CH Effective date: 19960417 Ref country code: LI Effective date: 19960417 |
|
REF | Corresponds to: |
Ref document number: 137009 Country of ref document: AT Date of ref document: 19960515 Kind code of ref document: T |
|
REF | Corresponds to: |
Ref document number: 69118924 Country of ref document: DE Date of ref document: 19960523 |
|
ET | Fr: translation filed | ||
REG | Reference to a national code |
Ref country code: ES Ref legal event code: BA2A Ref document number: 2088502 Country of ref document: ES Kind code of ref document: T3 |
|
ITF | It: translation for a ep patent filed |
Owner name: SOCIETA' ITALIANA BREVETTI S.P.A. |
|
REG | Reference to a national code |
Ref country code: ES Ref legal event code: FG2A Ref document number: 2088502 Country of ref document: ES Kind code of ref document: T3 |
|
REG | Reference to a national code |
Ref country code: DK Ref legal event code: T3 |
|
PG25 | Lapsed in a contracting state [announced via postgrant information from national office to epo] |
Ref country code: LU Free format text: LAPSE BECAUSE OF NON-PAYMENT OF DUE FEES Effective date: 19960930 |
|
REG | Reference to a national code |
Ref country code: CH Ref legal event code: PL |
|
PLBE | No opposition filed within time limit |
Free format text: ORIGINAL CODE: 0009261 |
|
STAA | Information on the status of an ep patent application or granted ep patent |
Free format text: STATUS: NO OPPOSITION FILED WITHIN TIME LIMIT |
|
26N | No opposition filed | ||
REG | Reference to a national code |
Ref country code: GB Ref legal event code: IF02 |
|
PGFP | Annual fee paid to national office [announced via postgrant information from national office to epo] |
Ref country code: NL Payment date: 20060903 Year of fee payment: 16 |
|
PGFP | Annual fee paid to national office [announced via postgrant information from national office to epo] |
Ref country code: ES Payment date: 20061023 Year of fee payment: 16 |
|
PG25 | Lapsed in a contracting state [announced via postgrant information from national office to epo] |
Ref country code: NL Free format text: LAPSE BECAUSE OF NON-PAYMENT OF DUE FEES Effective date: 20080401 |
|
NLV4 | Nl: lapsed or anulled due to non-payment of the annual fee |
Effective date: 20080401 |
|
REG | Reference to a national code |
Ref country code: ES Ref legal event code: FD2A Effective date: 20070917 |
|
PG25 | Lapsed in a contracting state [announced via postgrant information from national office to epo] |
Ref country code: ES Free format text: LAPSE BECAUSE OF NON-PAYMENT OF DUE FEES Effective date: 20070917 |
|
PGFP | Annual fee paid to national office [announced via postgrant information from national office to epo] |
Ref country code: SE Payment date: 20100914 Year of fee payment: 20 Ref country code: FR Payment date: 20101005 Year of fee payment: 20 |
|
PGFP | Annual fee paid to national office [announced via postgrant information from national office to epo] |
Ref country code: GB Payment date: 20100921 Year of fee payment: 20 |
|
PGFP | Annual fee paid to national office [announced via postgrant information from national office to epo] |
Ref country code: DK Payment date: 20100913 Year of fee payment: 20 |
|
PGFP | Annual fee paid to national office [announced via postgrant information from national office to epo] |
Ref country code: DE Payment date: 20100922 Year of fee payment: 20 |
|
PGFP | Annual fee paid to national office [announced via postgrant information from national office to epo] |
Ref country code: IT Payment date: 20100927 Year of fee payment: 20 |
|
REG | Reference to a national code |
Ref country code: DE Ref legal event code: R071 Ref document number: 69118924 Country of ref document: DE |
|
REG | Reference to a national code |
Ref country code: DE Ref legal event code: R071 Ref document number: 69118924 Country of ref document: DE |
|
REG | Reference to a national code |
Ref country code: DK Ref legal event code: EUP |
|
REG | Reference to a national code |
Ref country code: GB Ref legal event code: PE20 Expiry date: 20110915 |
|
REG | Reference to a national code |
Ref country code: SE Ref legal event code: EUG |
|
PG25 | Lapsed in a contracting state [announced via postgrant information from national office to epo] |
Ref country code: GB Free format text: LAPSE BECAUSE OF EXPIRATION OF PROTECTION Effective date: 20110915 |
|
PG25 | Lapsed in a contracting state [announced via postgrant information from national office to epo] |
Ref country code: DE Free format text: LAPSE BECAUSE OF EXPIRATION OF PROTECTION Effective date: 20110917 |