EP0604417B1 - Control of high-side pressure in transcritical vapor compression cycle - Google Patents

Control of high-side pressure in transcritical vapor compression cycle Download PDF

Info

Publication number
EP0604417B1
EP0604417B1 EP91916351A EP91916351A EP0604417B1 EP 0604417 B1 EP0604417 B1 EP 0604417B1 EP 91916351 A EP91916351 A EP 91916351A EP 91916351 A EP91916351 A EP 91916351A EP 0604417 B1 EP0604417 B1 EP 0604417B1
Authority
EP
European Patent Office
Prior art keywords
pressure
throttling valve
gas cooler
refrigerant
circuit
Prior art date
Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
Expired - Lifetime
Application number
EP91916351A
Other languages
German (de)
English (en)
French (fr)
Other versions
EP0604417A1 (en
Inventor
Gustav Lorentzen
Jostein Pettersen
Roar Rektorli Bang
Current Assignee (The listed assignees may be inaccurate. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation or warranty as to the accuracy of the list.)
Sinvent AS
Original Assignee
Sinvent AS
Priority date (The priority date is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the date listed.)
Filing date
Publication date
Application filed by Sinvent AS filed Critical Sinvent AS
Publication of EP0604417A1 publication Critical patent/EP0604417A1/en
Application granted granted Critical
Publication of EP0604417B1 publication Critical patent/EP0604417B1/en
Anticipated expiration legal-status Critical
Expired - Lifetime legal-status Critical Current

Links

Images

Classifications

    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F25—REFRIGERATION OR COOLING; COMBINED HEATING AND REFRIGERATION SYSTEMS; HEAT PUMP SYSTEMS; MANUFACTURE OR STORAGE OF ICE; LIQUEFACTION SOLIDIFICATION OF GASES
    • F25B—REFRIGERATION MACHINES, PLANTS OR SYSTEMS; COMBINED HEATING AND REFRIGERATION SYSTEMS; HEAT PUMP SYSTEMS
    • F25B9/00—Compression machines, plants or systems, in which the refrigerant is air or other gas of low boiling point
    • F25B9/002—Compression machines, plants or systems, in which the refrigerant is air or other gas of low boiling point characterised by the refrigerant
    • F25B9/008—Compression machines, plants or systems, in which the refrigerant is air or other gas of low boiling point characterised by the refrigerant the refrigerant being carbon dioxide
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F25—REFRIGERATION OR COOLING; COMBINED HEATING AND REFRIGERATION SYSTEMS; HEAT PUMP SYSTEMS; MANUFACTURE OR STORAGE OF ICE; LIQUEFACTION SOLIDIFICATION OF GASES
    • F25B—REFRIGERATION MACHINES, PLANTS OR SYSTEMS; COMBINED HEATING AND REFRIGERATION SYSTEMS; HEAT PUMP SYSTEMS
    • F25B41/00—Fluid-circulation arrangements
    • F25B41/30—Expansion means; Dispositions thereof
    • F25B41/31—Expansion valves
    • F25B41/33—Expansion valves with the valve member being actuated by the fluid pressure, e.g. by the pressure of the refrigerant
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F25—REFRIGERATION OR COOLING; COMBINED HEATING AND REFRIGERATION SYSTEMS; HEAT PUMP SYSTEMS; MANUFACTURE OR STORAGE OF ICE; LIQUEFACTION SOLIDIFICATION OF GASES
    • F25B—REFRIGERATION MACHINES, PLANTS OR SYSTEMS; COMBINED HEATING AND REFRIGERATION SYSTEMS; HEAT PUMP SYSTEMS
    • F25B45/00—Arrangements for charging or discharging refrigerant
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F25—REFRIGERATION OR COOLING; COMBINED HEATING AND REFRIGERATION SYSTEMS; HEAT PUMP SYSTEMS; MANUFACTURE OR STORAGE OF ICE; LIQUEFACTION SOLIDIFICATION OF GASES
    • F25B—REFRIGERATION MACHINES, PLANTS OR SYSTEMS; COMBINED HEATING AND REFRIGERATION SYSTEMS; HEAT PUMP SYSTEMS
    • F25B2309/00—Gas cycle refrigeration machines
    • F25B2309/06—Compression machines, plants or systems characterised by the refrigerant being carbon dioxide
    • F25B2309/061—Compression machines, plants or systems characterised by the refrigerant being carbon dioxide with cycle highest pressure above the supercritical pressure
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F25—REFRIGERATION OR COOLING; COMBINED HEATING AND REFRIGERATION SYSTEMS; HEAT PUMP SYSTEMS; MANUFACTURE OR STORAGE OF ICE; LIQUEFACTION SOLIDIFICATION OF GASES
    • F25B—REFRIGERATION MACHINES, PLANTS OR SYSTEMS; COMBINED HEATING AND REFRIGERATION SYSTEMS; HEAT PUMP SYSTEMS
    • F25B2341/00—Details of ejectors not being used as compression device; Details of flow restrictors or expansion valves
    • F25B2341/06—Details of flow restrictors or expansion valves
    • F25B2341/063—Feed forward expansion valves
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F25—REFRIGERATION OR COOLING; COMBINED HEATING AND REFRIGERATION SYSTEMS; HEAT PUMP SYSTEMS; MANUFACTURE OR STORAGE OF ICE; LIQUEFACTION SOLIDIFICATION OF GASES
    • F25B—REFRIGERATION MACHINES, PLANTS OR SYSTEMS; COMBINED HEATING AND REFRIGERATION SYSTEMS; HEAT PUMP SYSTEMS
    • F25B2400/00—General features or devices for refrigeration machines, plants or systems, combined heating and refrigeration systems or heat-pump systems, i.e. not limited to a particular subgroup of F25B
    • F25B2400/16—Receivers
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F25—REFRIGERATION OR COOLING; COMBINED HEATING AND REFRIGERATION SYSTEMS; HEAT PUMP SYSTEMS; MANUFACTURE OR STORAGE OF ICE; LIQUEFACTION SOLIDIFICATION OF GASES
    • F25B—REFRIGERATION MACHINES, PLANTS OR SYSTEMS; COMBINED HEATING AND REFRIGERATION SYSTEMS; HEAT PUMP SYSTEMS
    • F25B2600/00—Control issues
    • F25B2600/17—Control issues by controlling the pressure of the condenser

Definitions

  • the present invention relates to vapor compression cycle devices such as refrigerating, air-conditioning and heat pump systems, operating under transcritical conditions, and more particularly to a method of high-side pressure regulation maintaining optimum operation with respect to energy consumption.
  • PTC application WO 990/07683 discloses a transcritical vapor compression cycle device and a method for regulating its capacity based on modulation of the supercritical high-side pressure.
  • the system consists of a compressor, a gas cooler (condenser), an internal heat exchanger, an evaporator and a receiver. Capacity control is achieved by varying the liquid inventory of the low pressure refrigerant receiver situated intermediate the evaporator and the compressor, where a throttling valve between the high pressure outlet of the internal heat exchanger and evaporator inlet is applied as steering means.
  • the present invention starts from the teaching of the above mentioned WO 90/07683. It is an object of the present invention to provide for a respective method and device, respectively, which is simple and which is adapted to avoid waste of energy.
  • the modulating of the supercritical high-side pressure is performed by controlling the degree of opening of the throttling valve.
  • the control means of the device according to the invention may operatively be connected to the throttling valve and may be adapted to control the degree of opening of the throttling valve.
  • the above method may include that detection of the operating condition is conducted by measurement of the refrigerant temperature adjacent an outlet of the gas cooler.
  • the detecting means comprises means for measuring a parameter representative of the refrigerant temperature adjacent said outlet of the gas cooler.
  • the throttling valve may be a back-pressure controlling unit with variable set-point electronically controlled by a microprocessor.
  • the throttling valve is a back-pressure controlling unit with variable set-point comprising a temperature sensor bulb situated at or near the gas cooler refrigerant outlet or at another location having a temperature representing the operating condition of the circuit, and a membrane arrangement regulating the set-point of the back-pressure controlling unit in a desired relation to the bulb temperature.
  • carbon dioxide is applied as a refrigerant.
  • a well known peculiarity of transcritical cycles (operating with the refrigerant compressed to a supercritical pressure in the high-side) is that the coefficient of performance COP, defined as the ratio between the refrigerating capacity and applied compressor shaft power, can be raised by increasing the high-side pressure, while the gas cooler (condenser) outlet refrigerant temperature is maintained mainly constant. This can be illustrated by means of a conventional pressure enthalpy diagram.
  • the COP increases with increasing high-side pressure only up to a certain level and then begins to decline as the extra refrigerating effect no longer fully compensates for the extra work of compression.
  • a diagram showing the cooling capacity (Q o ), compressor shaft power (P) and their ratio (COP) as a function of high-side pressure can be provided.
  • Fig. 1 illustrates such a diagram generated for refrigerant CO2 at a constant evaporating and gas cooler (condenser) outlet temperature, based on theoretical cycle calculations.
  • the COP reaches a maximum as indicated.
  • the detected refrigerant temperature at the gas cooler (condenser) outlet or some other temperature or parameter corresponding to this will be the only significant steering parameter required as input for control of the throttling valve.
  • a back-pressure controller as throttling valve may give certain advantages in that internal compensation for varying refrigerant mass flow and density is obtained.
  • a throttling valve with back-pressure control will keep the inlet pressure, i.e. high-side pressure, at the set point regardless of refrigerant mass flow and inlet refrigerant temperature.
  • the set-point of the back-pressure controller is then regulated by means of an actuator operating in accordance with the predetermined control scheme indicated above.
  • Fig. 3 illustrates a preferred embodiment of the transcritical refrigerating circuit comprising a compressor 10 connected in series to a gas cooler (condenser) 11, an internal counterflow heat exchanger 12 and a throttling valve 13.
  • An evaporator 14 and a low pressure liquid receiver 16 are connected intermediate the throttling valve and the compressor.
  • a temperature sensor at the gas cooler (condenser) refrigerant outlet 5 provides information on the operating conditions of the circuit to the control system 7 e.g. a microprocessor.
  • the throttling valve 13 is equipped with an actuator 9 and the valve position is automatically modulated in accordance with the predetermined set-point pressure characteristics by the control system.
  • the circuit is now provided with a throttling valve 13 based on a simple mechanical back-pressure controller eliminating use of the microprocessor and electronic control of the valve shown in Example 1.
  • the regulator is equipped with a temperature sensor bulb 5 situated at or near the gas cooler (condenser) refrigerant outlet.
  • the pressure resulting from the sensor bulb temperature mechanically adjusts the set-point of the back-pressure controller according to the gas cooler (condenser) outlet refrigerant temperature.
  • the gas cooler condenser
  • the circuit is based on one of the throttling valve control concepts described in Examples 1 or 2, but instead of locating the temperature sensor or sensor bulb at the gas cooler (condenser) refrigerant outlet, the sensor or sensor bulb measures the inlet temperature of the cooling agent to which heat is rejected.
  • the sensor or sensor bulb measures the inlet temperature of the cooling agent to which heat is rejected.
  • the signal from a temperature sensor or bulb may be replaced by a signal representing the desired cooling or heating capacity of the system. Due to the correspondence between ambient temperature and load, this signal may serve as a basis for regulating throttling valve set-point pressure.

Landscapes

  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
  • Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
  • Thermal Sciences (AREA)
  • General Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
  • Chemical Kinetics & Catalysis (AREA)
  • Fluid Mechanics (AREA)
  • Auxiliary Devices For And Details Of Packaging Control (AREA)
  • Compression-Type Refrigeration Machines With Reversible Cycles (AREA)
  • Processing Of Solid Wastes (AREA)
  • Organic Low-Molecular-Weight Compounds And Preparation Thereof (AREA)
  • Eye Examination Apparatus (AREA)
  • Separation By Low-Temperature Treatments (AREA)
  • Crystals, And After-Treatments Of Crystals (AREA)
  • Lasers (AREA)
  • Compressors, Vaccum Pumps And Other Relevant Systems (AREA)
  • Devices That Are Associated With Refrigeration Equipment (AREA)
  • Air Conditioning Control Device (AREA)
  • Heat-Pump Type And Storage Water Heaters (AREA)
  • Compressor (AREA)
  • Reduction Or Emphasis Of Bandwidth Of Signals (AREA)
EP91916351A 1991-09-16 1991-09-16 Control of high-side pressure in transcritical vapor compression cycle Expired - Lifetime EP0604417B1 (en)

Applications Claiming Priority (1)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
PCT/NO1991/000119 WO1993006423A1 (en) 1991-09-16 1991-09-16 Method of high-side pressure regulation in transcritical vapor compression cycle device

Publications (2)

Publication Number Publication Date
EP0604417A1 EP0604417A1 (en) 1994-07-06
EP0604417B1 true EP0604417B1 (en) 1996-04-17

Family

ID=19907665

Family Applications (1)

Application Number Title Priority Date Filing Date
EP91916351A Expired - Lifetime EP0604417B1 (en) 1991-09-16 1991-09-16 Control of high-side pressure in transcritical vapor compression cycle

Country Status (13)

Country Link
EP (1) EP0604417B1 (ja)
JP (1) JP2931668B2 (ja)
KR (1) KR100245958B1 (ja)
AT (1) ATE137009T1 (ja)
AU (1) AU669473B2 (ja)
BR (1) BR9107318A (ja)
CA (1) CA2119015C (ja)
DE (1) DE69118924T2 (ja)
DK (1) DK0604417T3 (ja)
ES (1) ES2088502T3 (ja)
NO (1) NO180603C (ja)
RU (1) RU2088865C1 (ja)
WO (1) WO1993006423A1 (ja)

Cited By (6)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
EP0952344A2 (en) 1998-04-16 1999-10-27 Kabushiki Kaisha Toyoda Jidoshokki Seisakusho Flow control valve for a variable displacement refrigerant compressor
US6105380A (en) * 1998-04-16 2000-08-22 Kabushiki Kaisha Toyoda Jidoshokki Seisakusho Refrigerating system and method of operating the same
US6182456B1 (en) 1998-04-20 2001-02-06 Denso Corporation Supercritical refrigerating cycle system
US6523365B2 (en) * 2000-12-29 2003-02-25 Visteon Global Technologies, Inc. Accumulator with internal heat exchanger
US6923011B2 (en) 2003-09-02 2005-08-02 Tecumseh Products Company Multi-stage vapor compression system with intermediate pressure vessel
DE102005044029B3 (de) * 2005-09-14 2007-03-22 Stiebel Eltron Gmbh & Co. Kg Wärmepumpe

Families Citing this family (41)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
NO175830C (no) * 1992-12-11 1994-12-14 Sinvent As Kompresjonskjölesystem
DE4432272C2 (de) * 1994-09-09 1997-05-15 Daimler Benz Ag Verfahren zum Betreiben einer Kälteerzeugungsanlage für das Klimatisieren von Fahrzeugen und eine Kälteerzeugungsanlage zur Durchführung desselben
NO970066D0 (no) * 1997-01-08 1997-01-08 Norild As Kuldeanlegg med lukket sirkulasjonskrets
JPH1163694A (ja) * 1997-08-21 1999-03-05 Zexel Corp 冷却サイクル
JP3365273B2 (ja) * 1997-09-25 2003-01-08 株式会社デンソー 冷凍サイクル
US6206652B1 (en) 1998-08-25 2001-03-27 Copeland Corporation Compressor capacity modulation
JP4196450B2 (ja) * 1997-11-06 2008-12-17 株式会社デンソー 超臨界冷凍サイクル
US6105386A (en) * 1997-11-06 2000-08-22 Denso Corporation Supercritical refrigerating apparatus
JPH11211250A (ja) * 1998-01-21 1999-08-06 Denso Corp 超臨界冷凍サイクル
FR2779215B1 (fr) 1998-05-28 2000-08-04 Valeo Climatisation Circuit de climatisation utilisant un fluide refrigerant a l'etat supercritique, notamment pour vehicule
FR2779216B1 (fr) 1998-05-28 2000-08-04 Valeo Climatisation Dispositif de climatisation de vehicule utilisant un fluide refrigerant a l'etat supercritique
DE19829335C2 (de) * 1998-07-01 2000-06-08 Kki Klima-, Kaelte- Und Industrieanlagen Schmitt Kg Kälteanlage
DE19832480A1 (de) * 1998-07-20 2000-01-27 Behr Gmbh & Co Mit CO¶2¶ betreibbare Klimaanlage für ein Fahrzeug
JP4207340B2 (ja) * 1999-03-15 2009-01-14 株式会社デンソー 冷凍サイクル
JP2000320910A (ja) * 1999-05-11 2000-11-24 Bosch Automotive Systems Corp 冷凍サイクルの制御方法及びこの方法を用いた冷凍サイクル
JP2000346472A (ja) 1999-06-08 2000-12-15 Mitsubishi Heavy Ind Ltd 超臨界蒸気圧縮サイクル
JP2001033115A (ja) * 1999-07-16 2001-02-09 Zexel Valeo Climate Control Corp 冷凍サイクル
WO2001006183A1 (fr) * 1999-07-16 2001-01-25 Zexel Valeo Climate Control Corporation Cycle frigorifique
FR2796595B1 (fr) * 1999-07-22 2001-09-28 Valeo Climatisation Dispositif detendeur pour circuit de climatisation, en particulier de vehicule automobile
JP2001174076A (ja) * 1999-10-08 2001-06-29 Zexel Valeo Climate Control Corp 冷凍サイクル
JP3838008B2 (ja) * 2000-09-06 2006-10-25 松下電器産業株式会社 冷凍サイクル装置
NO20014258D0 (no) * 2001-09-03 2001-09-03 Sinvent As System for kjöle- og oppvarmingsformål
US6568199B1 (en) 2002-01-22 2003-05-27 Carrier Corporation Method for optimizing coefficient of performance in a transcritical vapor compression system
WO2003083381A1 (fr) 2002-03-28 2003-10-09 Matsushita Electric Industrial Co., Ltd. Dispositif a cycle frigorifique
JP2003294338A (ja) * 2002-03-29 2003-10-15 Japan Climate Systems Corp 熱交換器
JP4143434B2 (ja) 2003-02-03 2008-09-03 カルソニックカンセイ株式会社 超臨界冷媒を用いた車両用空調装置
DE10337136A1 (de) * 2003-08-11 2005-03-24 Behr Gmbh & Co. Kg Klimaanlage und Verfahren zur Regelung der Heizleistung derselben
US6959557B2 (en) 2003-09-02 2005-11-01 Tecumseh Products Company Apparatus for the storage and controlled delivery of fluids
US7096679B2 (en) 2003-12-23 2006-08-29 Tecumseh Products Company Transcritical vapor compression system and method of operating including refrigerant storage tank and non-variable expansion device
DE102004015297A1 (de) * 2004-03-29 2005-11-03 Andreas Bangheri Vorrichtung und Verfahren zur zyklischen Dampfkompression
JP4179231B2 (ja) 2004-06-09 2008-11-12 株式会社デンソー 圧力制御弁と蒸気圧縮式冷凍サイクル
JP4613526B2 (ja) * 2004-06-23 2011-01-19 株式会社デンソー 超臨界式ヒートポンプサイクル装置
WO2006087005A1 (en) * 2005-02-18 2006-08-24 Carrier Corporation Method for controlling high-pressure in an intermittently supercritically operating refrigeration circuit
JP2007139342A (ja) * 2005-11-21 2007-06-07 Mitsubishi Heavy Ind Ltd 空気調和機の圧力制御弁および空気調和機
JP2008064439A (ja) * 2006-09-11 2008-03-21 Daikin Ind Ltd 空気調和装置
US8157538B2 (en) 2007-07-23 2012-04-17 Emerson Climate Technologies, Inc. Capacity modulation system for compressor and method
ES2623055T3 (es) 2009-01-27 2017-07-10 Emerson Climate Technologies, Inc. Sistema y método de descarga para un compresor
US10378533B2 (en) 2011-12-06 2019-08-13 Bitzer Us, Inc. Control for compressor unloading system
JP2013124802A (ja) * 2011-12-14 2013-06-24 Panasonic Corp 冷凍サイクル装置
WO2014120332A1 (en) * 2013-01-31 2014-08-07 Carrier Corporation Multi-compartment transport refrigeration system with economizer
CN112432376B (zh) * 2020-11-24 2021-09-03 同济大学 二氧化碳冷藏冷冻系统及智能切换-混合控制方法

Family Cites Families (8)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US1591302A (en) * 1925-06-09 1926-07-06 William S Franklin Automatic expansion valve for refrigerating systems
US3400555A (en) * 1966-05-02 1968-09-10 American Gas Ass Refrigeration system employing heat actuated compressor
US3413815A (en) * 1966-05-02 1968-12-03 American Gas Ass Heat-actuated regenerative compressor for refrigerating systems
US3638446A (en) * 1969-06-27 1972-02-01 Robert T Palmer Low ambient control of subcooling control valve
GB1544804A (en) * 1977-05-02 1979-04-25 Commercial Refrigeration Ltd Apparatus for and methods of transferring heat between bodies of fluid or other substance
SE463533B (sv) * 1987-04-13 1990-12-03 Handelsbolaget Heliovent Anording foer temperaturbaserad koeldmediestyrning vid en vaermepump
NO890076D0 (no) * 1989-01-09 1989-01-09 Sinvent As Luftkondisjonering.
US5042262A (en) * 1990-05-08 1991-08-27 Liquid Carbonic Corporation Food freezer

Cited By (8)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
EP0952344A2 (en) 1998-04-16 1999-10-27 Kabushiki Kaisha Toyoda Jidoshokki Seisakusho Flow control valve for a variable displacement refrigerant compressor
US6105380A (en) * 1998-04-16 2000-08-22 Kabushiki Kaisha Toyoda Jidoshokki Seisakusho Refrigerating system and method of operating the same
US6260369B1 (en) 1998-04-16 2001-07-17 Kabushiki Kaisha Toyoda Jidoshokki Seisakusho Flow control valve for a variable displacement refrigerant compressor
US6182456B1 (en) 1998-04-20 2001-02-06 Denso Corporation Supercritical refrigerating cycle system
DE19917048B4 (de) * 1998-04-20 2005-11-03 Kabushiki Kaisha Toyota Jidoshokki, Kariya Superkritisches Kältekreislaufsystem
US6523365B2 (en) * 2000-12-29 2003-02-25 Visteon Global Technologies, Inc. Accumulator with internal heat exchanger
US6923011B2 (en) 2003-09-02 2005-08-02 Tecumseh Products Company Multi-stage vapor compression system with intermediate pressure vessel
DE102005044029B3 (de) * 2005-09-14 2007-03-22 Stiebel Eltron Gmbh & Co. Kg Wärmepumpe

Also Published As

Publication number Publication date
NO180603B (no) 1997-02-03
EP0604417A1 (en) 1994-07-06
JP2931668B2 (ja) 1999-08-09
RU2088865C1 (ru) 1997-08-27
NO940936L (no) 1994-03-16
JPH06510111A (ja) 1994-11-10
BR9107318A (pt) 1995-11-07
DE69118924D1 (de) 1996-05-23
AU669473B2 (en) 1996-06-13
DE69118924T2 (de) 1996-11-21
CA2119015C (en) 2002-07-09
RU94030805A (ru) 1997-04-20
KR100245958B1 (en) 2000-04-01
AU8530191A (en) 1993-04-27
NO940936D0 (no) 1994-03-16
CA2119015A1 (en) 1993-04-01
ES2088502T3 (es) 1996-08-16
NO180603C (no) 1997-05-14
ATE137009T1 (de) 1996-05-15
WO1993006423A1 (en) 1993-04-01
DK0604417T3 (da) 1996-08-26

Similar Documents

Publication Publication Date Title
EP0604417B1 (en) Control of high-side pressure in transcritical vapor compression cycle
US6260367B1 (en) Refrigerating cycle
US6923011B2 (en) Multi-stage vapor compression system with intermediate pressure vessel
US5245836A (en) Method and device for high side pressure regulation in transcritical vapor compression cycle
EP1646831B1 (en) Refrigeration system having variable speed fan
US8096141B2 (en) Superheat control by pressure ratio
KR100755160B1 (ko) 냉각 시스템의 제어
KR100517684B1 (ko) 펄스 폭으로 변조되는 듀티 사이클 스크롤 압축기를사용하는 냉장 시스템을 위한 적응 제어
US4498310A (en) Heat pump system
US9939185B2 (en) Indoor and outdoor ambient condition driven system
US4910968A (en) Refrigerating apparatus
US5007245A (en) Vapor cycle system with multiple evaporator load control and superheat control
US6298674B1 (en) Method for operating a subcritically and transcritically operated vehicle air conditioner
EP1329677B1 (en) Transcritical vapor compression system
US7051542B2 (en) Transcritical vapor compression optimization through maximization of heating capacity
EP1869375B1 (en) Method of determining optimal coefficient of performance in a transcritical vapor compression system and a transcritical vapor compression system
CN101253374A (zh) 使用变速压缩机的热泵水加热系统
US20230235934A1 (en) Temperature Regulating Refrigeration Systems for Varying Loads
JP2922925B2 (ja) 冷凍装置
JPS60202276A (ja) 空調装置
JPS62116861A (ja) 空気調和機
JPS6115051A (ja) 冷凍装置
JPS62228830A (ja) ヒ−トポンプ装置
JPH07111182B2 (ja) 冷凍装置の出力容量制御方式
JPS62108966A (ja) 冷凍装置

Legal Events

Date Code Title Description
PUAI Public reference made under article 153(3) epc to a published international application that has entered the european phase

Free format text: ORIGINAL CODE: 0009012

17P Request for examination filed

Effective date: 19940310

AK Designated contracting states

Kind code of ref document: A1

Designated state(s): AT BE CH DE DK ES FR GB IT LI LU NL SE

17Q First examination report despatched

Effective date: 19941011

GRAH Despatch of communication of intention to grant a patent

Free format text: ORIGINAL CODE: EPIDOS IGRA

GRAA (expected) grant

Free format text: ORIGINAL CODE: 0009210

AK Designated contracting states

Kind code of ref document: B1

Designated state(s): AT BE CH DE DK ES FR GB IT LI LU NL SE

PG25 Lapsed in a contracting state [announced via postgrant information from national office to epo]

Ref country code: BE

Effective date: 19960417

Ref country code: AT

Effective date: 19960417

Ref country code: CH

Effective date: 19960417

Ref country code: LI

Effective date: 19960417

REF Corresponds to:

Ref document number: 137009

Country of ref document: AT

Date of ref document: 19960515

Kind code of ref document: T

REF Corresponds to:

Ref document number: 69118924

Country of ref document: DE

Date of ref document: 19960523

ET Fr: translation filed
REG Reference to a national code

Ref country code: ES

Ref legal event code: BA2A

Ref document number: 2088502

Country of ref document: ES

Kind code of ref document: T3

ITF It: translation for a ep patent filed

Owner name: SOCIETA' ITALIANA BREVETTI S.P.A.

REG Reference to a national code

Ref country code: ES

Ref legal event code: FG2A

Ref document number: 2088502

Country of ref document: ES

Kind code of ref document: T3

REG Reference to a national code

Ref country code: DK

Ref legal event code: T3

PG25 Lapsed in a contracting state [announced via postgrant information from national office to epo]

Ref country code: LU

Free format text: LAPSE BECAUSE OF NON-PAYMENT OF DUE FEES

Effective date: 19960930

REG Reference to a national code

Ref country code: CH

Ref legal event code: PL

PLBE No opposition filed within time limit

Free format text: ORIGINAL CODE: 0009261

STAA Information on the status of an ep patent application or granted ep patent

Free format text: STATUS: NO OPPOSITION FILED WITHIN TIME LIMIT

26N No opposition filed
REG Reference to a national code

Ref country code: GB

Ref legal event code: IF02

PGFP Annual fee paid to national office [announced via postgrant information from national office to epo]

Ref country code: NL

Payment date: 20060903

Year of fee payment: 16

PGFP Annual fee paid to national office [announced via postgrant information from national office to epo]

Ref country code: ES

Payment date: 20061023

Year of fee payment: 16

PG25 Lapsed in a contracting state [announced via postgrant information from national office to epo]

Ref country code: NL

Free format text: LAPSE BECAUSE OF NON-PAYMENT OF DUE FEES

Effective date: 20080401

NLV4 Nl: lapsed or anulled due to non-payment of the annual fee

Effective date: 20080401

REG Reference to a national code

Ref country code: ES

Ref legal event code: FD2A

Effective date: 20070917

PG25 Lapsed in a contracting state [announced via postgrant information from national office to epo]

Ref country code: ES

Free format text: LAPSE BECAUSE OF NON-PAYMENT OF DUE FEES

Effective date: 20070917

PGFP Annual fee paid to national office [announced via postgrant information from national office to epo]

Ref country code: SE

Payment date: 20100914

Year of fee payment: 20

Ref country code: FR

Payment date: 20101005

Year of fee payment: 20

PGFP Annual fee paid to national office [announced via postgrant information from national office to epo]

Ref country code: GB

Payment date: 20100921

Year of fee payment: 20

PGFP Annual fee paid to national office [announced via postgrant information from national office to epo]

Ref country code: DK

Payment date: 20100913

Year of fee payment: 20

PGFP Annual fee paid to national office [announced via postgrant information from national office to epo]

Ref country code: DE

Payment date: 20100922

Year of fee payment: 20

PGFP Annual fee paid to national office [announced via postgrant information from national office to epo]

Ref country code: IT

Payment date: 20100927

Year of fee payment: 20

REG Reference to a national code

Ref country code: DE

Ref legal event code: R071

Ref document number: 69118924

Country of ref document: DE

REG Reference to a national code

Ref country code: DE

Ref legal event code: R071

Ref document number: 69118924

Country of ref document: DE

REG Reference to a national code

Ref country code: DK

Ref legal event code: EUP

REG Reference to a national code

Ref country code: GB

Ref legal event code: PE20

Expiry date: 20110915

REG Reference to a national code

Ref country code: SE

Ref legal event code: EUG

PG25 Lapsed in a contracting state [announced via postgrant information from national office to epo]

Ref country code: GB

Free format text: LAPSE BECAUSE OF EXPIRATION OF PROTECTION

Effective date: 20110915

PG25 Lapsed in a contracting state [announced via postgrant information from national office to epo]

Ref country code: DE

Free format text: LAPSE BECAUSE OF EXPIRATION OF PROTECTION

Effective date: 20110917