EP0588015B1 - Méthode et matériaux de camouflage et son application - Google Patents

Méthode et matériaux de camouflage et son application Download PDF

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Publication number
EP0588015B1
EP0588015B1 EP93111388A EP93111388A EP0588015B1 EP 0588015 B1 EP0588015 B1 EP 0588015B1 EP 93111388 A EP93111388 A EP 93111388A EP 93111388 A EP93111388 A EP 93111388A EP 0588015 B1 EP0588015 B1 EP 0588015B1
Authority
EP
European Patent Office
Prior art keywords
camouflage
particles
tank
imaging device
thermal imaging
Prior art date
Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
Expired - Lifetime
Application number
EP93111388A
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German (de)
English (en)
Other versions
EP0588015A1 (fr
Inventor
Heinz Bannasch
Current Assignee (The listed assignees may be inaccurate. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation or warranty as to the accuracy of the list.)
Buck Chemisch Technische Werke GmbH and Co
Buck Werke GmbH and Co
Original Assignee
Buck Chemisch Technische Werke GmbH and Co
Buck Werke GmbH and Co
Priority date (The priority date is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the date listed.)
Filing date
Publication date
Application filed by Buck Chemisch Technische Werke GmbH and Co, Buck Werke GmbH and Co filed Critical Buck Chemisch Technische Werke GmbH and Co
Publication of EP0588015A1 publication Critical patent/EP0588015A1/fr
Application granted granted Critical
Publication of EP0588015B1 publication Critical patent/EP0588015B1/fr
Anticipated expiration legal-status Critical
Expired - Lifetime legal-status Critical Current

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Classifications

    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F41—WEAPONS
    • F41H—ARMOUR; ARMOURED TURRETS; ARMOURED OR ARMED VEHICLES; MEANS OF ATTACK OR DEFENCE, e.g. CAMOUFLAGE, IN GENERAL
    • F41H9/00—Equipment for attack or defence by spreading flame, gas or smoke or leurres; Chemical warfare equipment

Definitions

  • the invention relates to a camouflage method for protecting a military object equipped with a thermal imaging device according to the preamble of claim 1 and a camouflage particle for carrying it out.
  • This preamble is disclosed in DE-C-2 359 758.
  • camouflage mist is known from DE 30 12 405 A1, which contains particles of red phosphorus, which are burned off and thus emit strong infrared radiation which outshines the thermal image of the object to be protected on the thermal imaging device of the object to be protected.
  • the crew of the tank B fires an infrared-effective mist in the close range, ie creates a camouflage wall with infrared rays absorbing or emitting particles at a distance of, for example, 50 m.
  • This camouflage measure considerably impairs the view of the tank A, ie the infrared signature of the tank B can no longer be seen on the thermal imaging device of the tank A, but the visibility of the tank B is impaired to the same extent, ie the infrared signature of the attacking tank A is also no longer visible on the thermal imaging device of the tank B.
  • the impairment for Panzer B is even greater than the impairment for Panzer A due to the viewing angle covered by the camouflage wall; on the drawing is the viewing angle of the thermal imager of tank A with ⁇ , that of the thermal imager of tank B with ⁇ .
  • Claim 2 characterizes advantageous developments of the camouflage method according to the invention.
  • camouflage particle according to the invention is the subject of claims 3 and 4.
  • the tank B of FIG. 1 is in the situation already described, ie if a tank A is attacking 2000 m away, the tank B creates a camouflage wall T effective against infrared radiation at a distance of about 50 m large-area particles of an infrared radiation area of, for example, 1 cm are used, which are distributed discretely, such that the distribution density is between 10 and 30 particles per m of the camouflage wall area.
  • the camouflage wall can be produced in a known manner, for example by a launcher unit located on the tank B, which shoots a missile filled with pyrotechnic active particles, the central disassembly charge of which after a missile flight of about 50 m, the active bodies at a predetermined height above the ground ejects already ignited active particles and distributes them.
  • the throwing body can be a cylindrical active mass container with a length of 150 mm and a diameter of 76 mm. Phosphorus-coated paper strips or segments with a total area of about 4 to 10 cm are suitable as pyrotechnic active particles.
  • an oxidizing agent e.g. 5 to 30% copper oxide
  • a metal powder e.g.
  • both the burn-up temperature and the burn-up rate are increased, the temperature above 600 ° C. and the area actually radiating during the entire burn-up should be approximately 1 cm.
  • other active particles such as nitrocellulose strips or very coarsely granulated pyrotechnic compositions, can also be used.
  • each pixel covers a comparatively large area of the camouflage wall, for example an area of at least 50 x 50 cm, with the result that at least one burning and thus infrared radiation-emitting camouflage particle is present in each of these areas 11 is located.
  • Each pixel of the thermal imaging device of the tank B thus receives the infrared radiation of at least one camouflage particle, and this infrared radiation is so strong at the temperature of the particles above 600 ° C that the pixel is "outshone" with it;
  • the thermal image of the tank B located behind the camouflage wall T can therefore no longer be seen on the image area of the thermal imaging device of the tank A.
  • the situation on the image area of the thermal imaging device of the tank B is completely different, this situation being illustrated in FIG. 2B.
  • these few “imperfections” are unable to significantly influence the thermal image of the device, ie the thermal imaging device of the tank B looks through the camouflage wall T.
  • the crew of tank B now has the option of keeping the influence of the camouflage wall on their own thermal imaging device as small as possible.
  • One possibility is to dazzle the device optics strongly, which achieves a large depth of field, and to focus so that both the tank A and the camouflage wall T are still in the depth of field.
  • FIG. 3A in which the diaphragm is denoted by 12, the optics by 13 and the focal plane and thus the plane of the image of the thermal imaging device of the tank B by 14.
  • Both the armor A and the camouflage particles 11 are thus imaged sharply on the image plane 14, ie the enemy armor A is clearly recognizable and there are only a few interference points due to overexposed pixels (FIG. 2B).
  • a further improvement in the thermal image can be achieved by electronic measures, for example by using digital image processing using suitable real-time algorithms such as median filtering, window suppression, correlation and the like. It is also possible to invert the signals emitted by the overexposed pixels, so that instead of the white missing points, less disturbing black missing points occur in the thermal image.
  • the second of the two possibilities mentioned is to open the aperture of the optics of the thermal imaging device of the tank B as far as possible, with the result of a small depth of field, and to focus the optics on the tank A.
  • the thermal image of the tank A is thus shown sharply, whereas the camouflage particles are out of focus and are therefore much larger.
  • the thermal image is therefore slightly “brightened up” or covered with a light gray veil without, however, covering up the sharp image of the enemy tank A.
  • digital image evaluation can provide a high-contrast image of the A tank.
  • This second option is to be preferred if the distance from tank B to camouflage wall T is very short, about 30 m, and very large, over 2000 m to enemy tank A, so that the device optics can no longer be dimmed so much, that camouflage wall T and tank A fall into the depth of field.
  • camouflage particles can also be blown using gas generators or applied using pyrotechnic spray mechanisms.
  • the above-mentioned paper strips coated with fire mass are advantageous because they have a comparatively low sinking speed, approximately less than 2 m / sec; in the event of higher sinking speeds or the need for longer camouflage times, the camouflage wall must be maintained by firing further missiles.
  • red phosphorus as a fire mass also the advantage of smoke formation, i.e. camouflage in the visible spectral range.

Landscapes

  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • General Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Aiming, Guidance, Guns With A Light Source, Armor, Camouflage, And Targets (AREA)
  • Laminated Bodies (AREA)
  • Radiation Pyrometers (AREA)

Claims (4)

  1. Procédé de camouflage destiné à la protection d'un objectif militaire comprenant un appareil à image thermique, de préférence un char, contre un objectif militaire ennemi qui comprend également un appareil à image thermique, de préférence un char, selon lequel un mur de camouflage constitué de particules émettant des rayons infrarouges est engendré par l'objectif à protéger, et ce à une distance de l'objectif à protéger qui est au moins inférieure d'une puissance de dix à la distance par rapport à l'objectif ennemi, caractérisé en ce que, par rapport à des agents de nébulisation sous forme de poudre ou de gouttelettes, le mur de camouflage est constitué de particules de grande surface réparties de façon discrète ayant une surface de rayonnement comprise entre 1 et 4 cm, qui se consument à une température supérieure à 600° C et émettent des rayons infrarouges ; et en ce que la densité de répartition des particules est de 10 à 30 particules par mètre carré de surface de camouflage.
  2. Procédé de camouflage selon la revendication 1, caractérisé en ce que l'image thermique de l'appareil à image thermique de l'objectif à protéger est soumis à un traitement électronique avec des algorithmes d'évaluation appropriés, notamment à un traitement numérique d'image.
  3. Particule de camouflage destinée à la mise en oeuvre du procédé selon l'une des revendications précédentes, caractérisée en ce qu'elle est constituée d'une bande ou d'un segment de papier d'une surface de 4 à 10 cm sur laquelle est appliquée une couche de combustion, la vitesse de retombée dans l'air étant réglée < 2 m/sec.
  4. Particule de camouflage selon la revendication 3, caractérisée en ce que la couche de combustion est constituée de 5 à 30 % d'oxyde de cuivre, de 5 à 20 % de poudre de magnésium, et pour le reste de phosphore rouge.
EP93111388A 1992-09-15 1993-07-15 Méthode et matériaux de camouflage et son application Expired - Lifetime EP0588015B1 (fr)

Applications Claiming Priority (2)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
DE4230826 1992-09-15
DE4230826A DE4230826C1 (de) 1992-09-15 1992-09-15 Tarnverfahren zum Schützen eines militärischen Objekts und Tarnpartikel zu seiner Durchführung

Publications (2)

Publication Number Publication Date
EP0588015A1 EP0588015A1 (fr) 1994-03-23
EP0588015B1 true EP0588015B1 (fr) 1996-01-03

Family

ID=6467996

Family Applications (1)

Application Number Title Priority Date Filing Date
EP93111388A Expired - Lifetime EP0588015B1 (fr) 1992-09-15 1993-07-15 Méthode et matériaux de camouflage et son application

Country Status (5)

Country Link
US (1) US5401976A (fr)
EP (1) EP0588015B1 (fr)
CA (1) CA2103740C (fr)
DE (2) DE4230826C1 (fr)
ES (1) ES2082561T3 (fr)

Cited By (3)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
DE102010036026A1 (de) 2010-08-31 2012-03-01 Rheinmetall Waffe Munition Gmbh Vorrichtung und Verfahren zur Bestimmung der Effektivität einer Nebelwand zur Erzeugung einer wirksamen Nebelwolke
WO2012028257A1 (fr) 2010-08-31 2012-03-08 Rheinmetall Waffe Munition Gmbh Dispositif et procédé pour générer un mur ou un nuage de brouillard actif
DE102011106201A1 (de) 2011-06-07 2012-12-13 Rheinmetall Waffe Munition Gmbh Verfahren zur Erzeugung eines einseitig transparenten Nebels

Families Citing this family (8)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
FR2930984A1 (fr) * 1994-03-15 2009-11-13 Poudres Et Explosifs Snpe Sa S Procede et munitions de contre-mesure par ecran a vision unidirectionnelle
DE19601506C2 (de) * 1996-01-17 2000-05-18 Rheinmetall W & M Gmbh Verfahren und Vorrichtung zur Erzeugung einer Sichtsperre mit Hilfe eines künstlichen Nebels
SE9702330L (sv) * 1997-06-18 1998-03-30 Foersvarets Forskningsanstalt Sätt att sprida vätskedimma
CA2340452A1 (fr) * 1998-08-15 2000-03-16 Delta Thermal Systems, Inc. Reduction de la visibilite infrarouge d'objets
DE19910074B4 (de) * 1999-03-08 2005-02-10 Buck Neue Technologien Gmbh Abschußvorrichtung für das Verschießen einer Mehrzahl von Wirkkörpern sowie diese verwendende Wurfanlage
DE19914033A1 (de) * 1999-03-27 2000-09-28 Piepenbrock Pyrotechnik Gmbh Verfahren zur Erzeugung eines im infraroten Spektralbereich einseitig transparenten Tarnnebels
US6989525B2 (en) * 2003-05-14 2006-01-24 Lockheed Martin Corporation Method for using very small particles as obscurants and taggants
US7170071B1 (en) * 2004-09-29 2007-01-30 Broussard Richard D Infrared emitter

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US3975292A (en) * 1960-06-10 1976-08-17 The United States Of America As Represented By The Secretary Of The Army Method of screening infra-red radiation
US3150848A (en) * 1961-06-28 1964-09-29 Samuel E Lager Method of decoying a missile from its intended target
US4112300A (en) * 1966-07-18 1978-09-05 International Telephone And Telegraph Corporation Infrared electronic countermeasures
US3444380A (en) * 1966-10-26 1969-05-13 Nasa Electronic background suppression method and apparatus for a field scanning sensor
DE2359758C1 (fr) * 1973-11-30 1988-07-28 Buck Chemisch-Technische Werke Gmbh & Co, 7347 Bad Ueberkingen, De
GB1490473A (en) * 1975-03-29 1977-11-02 Dynamit Nobel Ag Infra-red radiation device
DE2619597A1 (de) * 1976-05-04 1977-11-17 Dynamit Nobel Ag Zuendvorrichtung fuer infrarotstrahler
DE2729055B2 (de) * 1977-06-28 1979-07-12 Nico-Pyrotechnik Hanns-Juergen Diederichs Kg, 2077 Trittau Verfahren zum Erzeugen von dichten Wolken für militärische Zwecke
DE2930936C1 (de) * 1979-07-31 1985-07-25 Messerschmitt-Bölkow-Blohm GmbH, 8000 München Scheinziel zur Taeuschung von Radar- und Infrarotsuchgeraeten
DE3012405A1 (de) * 1980-03-29 1981-10-01 Pyrotechnische Fabrik F. Feistel GmbH + Co KG, 6719 Göllheim Kombinationsnebel
DE3022460A1 (de) * 1980-06-14 1981-12-24 Precitronic Gesellschaft für Feinmechanik und Electronic mbH, 2000 Hamburg Verfahren und vorrichtung zum ausbringen von in luft schwebenden tarnmitteln mittels traegerprojektilen
DE3147850C2 (de) * 1981-12-03 1984-06-14 Messerschmitt-Bölkow-Blohm GmbH, 8000 München Breitband-Tarnnebel
FR2583037B1 (fr) * 1985-06-07 1987-11-13 France Etat Armement Compositions fumigenes coulables efficaces dans l'infrarouge
DD299752A7 (de) * 1988-04-29 1992-05-07 Silberhuette Pyrotechnik Veb Element zur scheinzieldarstellung
US5093574A (en) * 1990-12-14 1992-03-03 Honeywell Inc. Infrared sensor for short range detection wherein the sun may be in the field of view of the detector

Cited By (3)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
DE102010036026A1 (de) 2010-08-31 2012-03-01 Rheinmetall Waffe Munition Gmbh Vorrichtung und Verfahren zur Bestimmung der Effektivität einer Nebelwand zur Erzeugung einer wirksamen Nebelwolke
WO2012028257A1 (fr) 2010-08-31 2012-03-08 Rheinmetall Waffe Munition Gmbh Dispositif et procédé pour générer un mur ou un nuage de brouillard actif
DE102011106201A1 (de) 2011-06-07 2012-12-13 Rheinmetall Waffe Munition Gmbh Verfahren zur Erzeugung eines einseitig transparenten Nebels

Also Published As

Publication number Publication date
DE4230826C1 (de) 1994-03-03
CA2103740C (fr) 1997-06-10
EP0588015A1 (fr) 1994-03-23
DE59301315D1 (de) 1996-02-15
CA2103740A1 (fr) 1994-03-16
ES2082561T3 (es) 1996-03-16
US5401976A (en) 1995-03-28

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