EP0520084A1 - Méthode et module préfabriquée pour la production des constructions et des bâtiments - Google Patents

Méthode et module préfabriquée pour la production des constructions et des bâtiments Download PDF

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Publication number
EP0520084A1
EP0520084A1 EP91112087A EP91112087A EP0520084A1 EP 0520084 A1 EP0520084 A1 EP 0520084A1 EP 91112087 A EP91112087 A EP 91112087A EP 91112087 A EP91112087 A EP 91112087A EP 0520084 A1 EP0520084 A1 EP 0520084A1
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EP
European Patent Office
Prior art keywords
concrete
module
prefabricated
ceiling
modules
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Application number
EP91112087A
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German (de)
English (en)
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EP0520084B1 (fr
Inventor
Eberhard Schrade
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Individual
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Individual
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    • E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
    • E04—BUILDING
    • E04B—GENERAL BUILDING CONSTRUCTIONS; WALLS, e.g. PARTITIONS; ROOFS; FLOORS; CEILINGS; INSULATION OR OTHER PROTECTION OF BUILDINGS
    • E04B1/00—Constructions in general; Structures which are not restricted either to walls, e.g. partitions, or floors or ceilings or roofs
    • E04B1/348—Structures composed of units comprising at least considerable parts of two sides of a room, e.g. box-like or cell-like units closed or in skeleton form
    • E04B1/34815—Elements not integrated in a skeleton
    • E04B1/34823—Elements not integrated in a skeleton the supporting structure consisting of concrete

Definitions

  • the invention is based on a method for producing structures and buildings according to the preamble of claim 1 or a module suitable for carrying out the method according to the preamble of claim 9.
  • modular construction technology is known in many ways; in particular, it is also known to use them in solid concrete construction mainly in garage construction or in wall, floor and ceiling constructions.
  • modules which consist of at least one concrete floor slab and one concrete cover slab, which are connected to one another via vertical supports, on the basis of a steel frame, the walls then using concrete parts, but also using wooden parts or can be fanned out using lightweight construction elements especially for structures that are not subject to fire regulations.
  • the steel structure is used as an outer and, moreover, also visible frame because of its perfect dimensional accuracy, whereby, for example, eight support points are formed for each module, at which these can then be placed on top of one another.
  • the connection of the individual modules arranged one on top of the other or next to one another can then take place with the aid of so-called “twist and lock connections”.
  • connection of each to ensure that individual modules placed directly next to each other to form a static monostructure ensure that when the modules are stacked on top of each other, they maintain a predeterminable space in their corner areas between the prefabricated concrete ceiling of the respective lower module and the prefabricated concrete floor of the module then placed above them; this distance is then filled in by pouring grouting concrete while simultaneously forming a stabilizing grouting concrete intermediate level.
  • each module is formed by reinforced concrete supports with an accurate height and an inner reinforcement cage , where each support has a lower foot plate that is flush with the concrete floor and a head plate that projects beyond the concrete ceiling, on which the next module with its foot plate is placed.
  • the present invention is based on the measures of the known method which goes back to the same applicant, so that it is recommended that prior application P 41 15 be provided for comprehensive information and not least to support the disclosure content of this application 643.9 for information to take.
  • the solid concrete ceiling which is located between the individual modules and thus the individual floor areas, is particularly advantageous; in the end, however, this results in a three-layer concrete composite for each transition area from one module to the other, initially seen in the vertical, consisting of the concrete ceiling of the lower module, the inserted in-situ concrete ceiling and the floor slab of the erected, i.e. upper, module.
  • the individual sub-modules are arranged next to one another depending on the desired room size, whereby, for example in the office area, intermediate walls can of course also be dispensed with, so that there are continuous rooms which always follow the principle that the horizontal
  • the transition area between two modules should be adjacent to two corner supports, although with appropriate reinforcement and design, a corner support could ensure perfectly adequate horizontal and vertical stabilization.
  • the invention is therefore based on the object to improve the initially known as a known method and the corresponding prefabricated module so that there is a significantly lower cost both in the manufacture of the modules and in terms of the number of on-site for a given with very decisive cost reduction Room size too installing modules results, the advantages of the known method, i.e. a monostructural structure created on a custom-fit height scale in solid concrete construction, being retained as a uniform static composite, in combination with an even greater flexibility and a corresponding wealth of variants.
  • the invention solves this problem with the characterizing features of claim 1 or the characterizing features of claim 9 and has the essential advantage that the manufacture of the prefabricated concrete floor in the modules used can be completely dispensed with, with corresponding material and weight savings, too for the transport.
  • the invention is based on the knowledge that the application of an additional floating screed layer is imperative on the basis of today's claims with regard to noise, in particular step sound insulation, and may also be required from a structural point of view.
  • the invention therefore dispenses with the concrete floor in those intended for construction prefabricated modules, so that such a module in the simplest case, even if all side walls are omitted (center module), this takes the form of a table with four corner supports, but the corner support configuration described in the known method is retained with its advantages.
  • Another particular advantage of the present invention is that it is not necessary to arrange the modules immediately adjacent to one another, but that it is possible between modules arranged next to one another (in any direction) and in this respect any desired and prefabricated cover plates to be placed as intermediate pieces, which only serve as formwork for the in-situ concrete to be installed and can therefore also take the form of very thin filigree slabs. Depending on their dimensions, it can then make sense to support such intermediate filigree slabs with suitable auxiliary supports (trestles) while pouring the in-situ concrete over the respective floor level.
  • the rigid box of the module gives the Floor height extremely dimensionally accurate and at the same time fixes the horizontal stability of the whole, whereby the final monostructural building configuration in the sense of a uniform structural connection is then secured by the in-situ concrete to be placed on each floor ceiling, as is also the case with the known method.
  • the present invention it is much easier to install this in-situ concrete without problems and above all without errors and interruptions, because the entire floor ceiling is open for the Bentonieren and the in-situ concrete forming the respective floor of the floor is not cumbersome under certain circumstances through openings in the respective prefabricated concrete ceiling of a module needs to be passed.
  • the dimensional accuracy is based on the inclusion of steel elements in the manufacture of the individual modules, specifically for the four corner supports required for each module, but without a complete frame corset in the steel structure and which form the corner areas
  • Supports consist of an inner reinforcement cage made of steel or iron, which forms a steel skeleton for the vertical area, which specifies the dimensional accuracy in the height of the respective module and thus determines the dimensional distance between floor and ceiling, despite the fact that a respective floor is made entirely of in-situ concrete, which results in the uniform structural bond in the form of a monostructural building in solid concrete construction.
  • the erection in the column area i.e. the protrusion of the reinforcement cage over the respective concrete ceiling of the prefabricated module, allows the protruding reinforcement cage to be completely enclosed, including the reinforcement bars emanating from the respective concrete ceiling of the module, and at the same time also the enclosure of the mounting area of the module above it, when the in-situ concrete is inserted that the transition area between the individual supports of modules placed one above the other, that is to say each formed by the upper head plate and the lower plate of the next module to be fitted on this in a precisely fitting manner, is completely surrounded by in-situ concrete and therefore also against any corrosion influences remains secured.
  • Desired installations can be easily installed on the respective ceiling floors before the in-situ concrete is placed - the in-situ concrete that runs through the entire horizontal surface as the respective grouting level ensures the required horizontal bracing and stands with the respective ceiling of the lower module or with the surface of interposed ceiling tiles by means of a corresponding connection reinforcement in operative connection provided for both.
  • the corner supports in addition to the reinforcement cage which ensures the dimensional accuracy and which ends with a respective foot or head plate, can be designed in any way and also special support beams, for example in the form of steel angles, steel stars or the like, in addition to that Iron of the reinforcement cage contain, whereby these support girders as well as lattice girders protrude (initially) in the prefabricated grouting concrete ceiling in the finished module.
  • Both these separate support beams and the steel bars or tubes of the reinforcement cage themselves are welded to the head plate mentioned, which has an adjustment cone for the foot plate of the respective upper module to be fitted, so that the exact distance at the respective storey height is determined from the distance between the foot - And head plate of a reinforcement cage prefabricated in a corresponding device.
  • Steel swords stiffening elements are provided, which are partially embedded in the grouting concrete of the respective ceiling at right angles to each other and start from the support beam or its reinforcement cage. This also results in a perfect connection stiffness of the respective individual module, the steel swords still being able to have holes for crane hooks for transport.
  • the module can make sense to provide an edge in the area of the prefabricated ceiling panel, which, for example in the manner of a frame for tables, ensures secure stiffening and stabilization of the module.
  • the basic idea of the present invention is to design a module which is prefabricated in a solid concrete construction in such a material-reducing manner that on the one hand also Multi-storey buildings in a variety of conceivable variants in the form of a static monostructure can be manufactured with absolute dimensional accuracy, and on the other hand the prefabricated modules used can be reduced to a kind of table skeleton and still, even apart, the characteristic basic structure of the building due to its dimensional accuracy to lend.
  • FIG. 1 shows the simplest basic form of a module 10, consisting only of a ceiling 12 and four corner supports 13a, 13b, 13c and 13d or a module 10 ', in which three side walls 12a, 12b, 12d are additionally present. It is therefore an essential feature of the present invention that the module on which the invention is based basically does not have a bottom and its shape can therefore correspond to an open box, in which then further side parts are increasingly eliminated, which are between the corner supports 13a, 13b, 13c which are always present , 13d.
  • the lower illustration in FIG. 1 shows a floor-free module corresponding to the left illustration of FIG. 1 with a side wall omitted in a top view.
  • Such a floor-free basic module differs from previous modules for building manufacture in that it has departed from a steel frame construction that is always provided and comprehensively determines the module, and a pure, but dimensionally stable concrete module is created, in which only the four corner supports 13a, 13b ... by in the following more precise Explanatory iron or steel reinforcement (spacer basket) ensure a precise height dimension of the module, while the floor, ceiling and, if applicable, provided side walls are reinforcing irons in the form of reinforcements and the like.
  • the module used in each case has side walls as outer walls or partition walls.
  • each upper module only stands on the with its four corner supports upward-facing head plates of the modules located below, the corner supports optionally also being connected by side walls, if present.
  • the continuous grouting concrete layer 14, 14 ' (in-situ concrete) is applied in each case to the ceilings of the lower modules, which are directed upwards with outstanding reinforcement bars, and, as will be explained below, also intimately encloses the column area.
  • so-called false ceiling panels 12 'between two of the modules with essentially any distance between the modules, instead of the missing module ceilings, which bridge the distance between the modules and serve as intermediate formwork for the grouting concrete layer 14, 14 '.
  • each corner support 13 of the lower basic module 10 or 13 'of the upper basic module 10' contains an inner reinforcement cage or spacer cage 16, which is cast in concrete and can initially be of any structure, but is designed so that it is a prefabricated reinforcing part ensures absolute dimensional accuracy, which ensures that the individual modules are placed on top of one another with a precise fit.
  • the reinforcement cage 16 has a head plate 17 upwards, i.e. where it first pierces the respective module ceiling, which can be welded, for example, to protruding support parts of the reinforcement cage 16, while downwards, i.e. where the reinforcement cage in the corner support ends, a footplate 18 is fastened, preferably also welded on; the lower surface of the floorboard is flush with the lower surface of the corner support.
  • the structure of the reinforcement cage is made as best shown in FIG. 5; for example - it is understood that this numerical specification is not mandatory - four corner bars 20a, 20b, 20c, 20d are provided, which, if desired, can be wrapped in a basket-like shape by further iron loops 21 and form the reinforcement cage , wherein the corner bars made of steel or iron extend from top to bottom continuously through each corner support 13, 13 'and, as already shown in FIG. 4, are connected at the top and bottom with head plate 17 and foot plate 18.
  • This reinforcement cage with head and foot plate is usefully prefabricated separately and brought to exact height accuracy, so that, as can be seen easily, the surface of the respective head plate in connection with the foot plate determines the height distance that a module occupies, which then corresponds to a floor distance.
  • stiffening means can be provided in the area of the reinforcement cage be, which consist of vertical support beams, optionally supplemented by substantially horizontal stiffening elements.
  • the support beam consists of a solid steel angle 25, which is introduced into the reinforcement basket 16 and, for example, can also be welded to the reinforcement bars 20a, 20b, 20c, 20d before casting with concrete can.
  • the steel angle need not penetrate the entire height of the corner support, but preferably extends downward only over a predetermined depth, as seen from the top plate 17, as can be seen, for example, from the sectional side view in FIG. 3. Due to the steel angle, which is also rigidly connected to the top plate in the upper area, best welded on, the top plate is given an immovable, secure hold, especially because of the angular shape, so that any flexibility of the reinforcing bars is absorbed.
  • each steel bracket 25 in the corner support area can be further improved by arranging further stiffening elements in the direction of the side walls, that is to say at right angles to one another, on the inner or outer surfaces of the steel bracket, which have the shape of steel swords 26a, 26b can have.
  • the steel swords 26a, 26b are also welded to the steel bracket 25 and, since they are pulled up to the underside of the head plate 17, are welded to the latter and project with their lower edge, as can be seen at 27, into the ceiling concrete which lies in this area above the side walls 23 of the module or is in one piece with these.
  • parts of the reinforcement cage at the level of the ceiling for example the steel wrap reinforcement 21, as shown at 21 ', as continuations in the ceiling concrete, as well as reinforcement steels or reinforcement bars, which are naturally found in the prefabricated ceiling and floor concrete and which are general are designated by 28 (FIG. 3) for further stiffening in the area of each steel sword 26 and to bring them into abutment and at the same time to weld them to the sword, as indicated at 29.
  • the reinforcement cage at the level of the ceiling, for example the steel wrap reinforcement 21, as shown at 21 ', as continuations in the ceiling concrete, as well as reinforcement steels or reinforcement bars, which are naturally found in the prefabricated ceiling and floor concrete and which are general are designated by 28 (FIG. 3) for further stiffening in the area of each steel sword 26 and to bring them into abutment and at the same time to weld them to the sword, as indicated at 29.
  • the steel swords are mainly used to stiffen the transport and to hold the respective module for its transport; anyway, they are only located in the four corner areas of the ceiling structure and therefore preferably have a suitably designed eye or a bore 30, which serves to accommodate a crane hook or the like.
  • connection reinforcement in a suitable form protrudes upward from the prefabricated concrete ceiling of each module, which is designated by 31 in FIG. 3 and is indicated as a simple triangle.
  • corner-side reinforced concrete columns which in turn contain the compression or tension rods and the reinforcement cage comprising the braid 21
  • a very stable basic construction of a module also results if, in addition to the floor, side walls are also completely or partially recessed, with the angle iron in the head plate area - in the area of the foot plate, these are as before mentioned dispensable - to ensure stability during transport, to move and lift the modules.
  • This stability is further improved by the fact that steel angles and the steel swords coming from them are concreted in and welded to the top plate and to one another and to the steel reinforcement of the ceiling.
  • the embodiment of FIG. 6 shows the two corner supports 13a, 13b of a module, between which there is of course a prefabricated module concrete ceiling 12, while a free space 19 is subsequently formed on this module - in other words, the module 10 shown in FIG. 6 does not immediately adjoin another module on the right-hand side of the drawing plane, but is at an essentially arbitrary distance from it, if necessary also offset at an angle and this distance is bridged by an intermediate ceiling plate 12a, which can have the same thickness as the module ceiling thickness or can also be thinner and which can also be referred to as a prefabricated filigree concrete casting plate.
  • the false ceiling panel 12 ' is attached in any way and advantageously at such a height to the laterally adjacent corner supports or on the modular concrete ceiling that its lower edge is at the same height as the lower edge of the prefabricated modular concrete ceiling, and the attachment can be carried out in any manner ; is the simplest embodiment an angle iron 22 indicated, which temporarily supports the false ceiling plate 12 '.
  • the intermediate ceiling slab 12 ' also has the same reinforcing bars 15, 31 protruding upwards as the module ceiling slab, so that an intimate connection, which ensures the stability of the whole, is likewise made with the in-situ concrete layer 14 applied to both the module ceiling and the intermediate ceiling slab. 14 'results.
  • the thin false ceiling panels which serve as the remaining formwork, can be supported by suitable supports until the in-situ concrete has hardened, for example by attaching trestles.
  • These thin filigree intermediate plates are simply hung as prefabricated elements between the modules at ceiling height and, if desired, can also rest on projections in the module edge area or be held in any other suitable way.
  • a further embodiment of the present invention consists in that for the general stiffening of the table-like or stool-like module, in particular if it only consists of the concrete ceiling and the four corner supports, the concrete ceiling can have an edge, so that, as with a table frame, a significant reinforcement and stiffening, for example against entanglement, results in the entire module.
  • the invention enables further preferred configurations, which are based, for example, on the fact that the respective head plate 17 can basically be set as high as desired, so that it is possible to adjust floor heights as desired.
  • a further embodiment of the present invention consists in that the grouting concrete level offers a problem-free possibility of inserting further precast concrete parts, for example on both sides or on one side, into the module casting level, the one-sided Inserting the prefabricated part into the grouting concrete level, for example on balconies and. Like. comes into question, while the other side can also be designed as a conventional end support (support, wall, etc.). A use for this possibility arises in the production of corridors, fixation of stairs and. Like., In FIG. 7, the possibility is shown in particular to introduce a precast concrete part 40 having its own reinforcement directly onto the grouting concrete level 24.
  • the reinforcement can at least - and in a conventional manner - comprise an upper tension rod 39 and a lower pressure element 41, with insulation material 40a still provided between the prefabricated balcony element 40 and the casting plane 14.
  • a variable floor structure 43, 44, for example screed, can be implemented both in the module interior 42 and on the precast concrete part 40.
  • FIG. 8 shows a distribution of modules on a floor area in the floor plan, wherein distances can be maintained between each module which correspond, for example, to twice the assumed width of a module, so that for a very spacious layout as shown in FIG. 8, only A total of eight prefabricated modules are required and the gaps between them are bridged by the intermediate ceilings already mentioned above, i.e. filigree panels, with suitable support means during concreting and curing. It is even possible to leave a second row completely module-free, i.e. to form it only with the help of the false ceiling panels, which are adjacent to modules in the drawing plane above and below or to further ceiling panels arranged in the space, with support points in the joint area of ceiling tile corners are provided.
  • Fig. 9 shows the wealth of variants that results in building production even when using prefabricated modules, by not making the intermediate plates as previously explained, for example in the plan dimensions of the module ceiling, as is the case for the intermediate plate 12 ', but can also select intermediate plates , as shown at 12 '' and 12 ''', which can therefore take on any hexagonal shape, so that it is also possible, for example for apartment construction or for building houses, modules at an angle to each other and in any To arrange distances. But it is always the modules that give the entire structure its precise dimensional accuracy and, in Connection with the cast-in concrete ceiling installed on site, which gives monostructural stability.
  • Fig. 10 shows the possibility to create a variety of small apartments in a confined space, for example for hotels, retirement homes and the like. the like; basic modules 10 'are then respectively provided, each of which has three side walls in larger apartments, the distance to the further module adjoining in the horizontal plane then being bridged by a customary intermediate cover plate 12'; the basic modules 10 'also have an attached sanitary cell or wet cell 46, including all other required installations, tiles and the like.
  • basic modules 10 ' are then respectively provided, each of which has three side walls in larger apartments, the distance to the further module adjoining in the horizontal plane then being bridged by a customary intermediate cover plate 12'; the basic modules 10 'also have an attached sanitary cell or wet cell 46, including all other required installations, tiles and the like.
  • a prefabricated floor at least in the area of the sanitary cell 46, in order to be able to carry out the prefabricated installations at all, the upper edge of which is then, for example, at the height of the concrete layer to be introduced on site, the lower edge of which but can be drawn higher than the base plate, so that the grouting concrete flows under this prefabricated (partial) floor slab.
  • insertion openings for the grouting concrete can also be provided in the prefabricated (partial) floor slab.
  • the basic module is then either open on four sides or can be increasingly closed in the side wall area, with openings such as windows, doors and. Like. Can be positioned in the finished part as desired.

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  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Architecture (AREA)
  • Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
  • Electromagnetism (AREA)
  • Civil Engineering (AREA)
  • Structural Engineering (AREA)
  • On-Site Construction Work That Accompanies The Preparation And Application Of Concrete (AREA)
  • Conveying And Assembling Of Building Elements In Situ (AREA)
  • Sewage (AREA)
  • Panels For Use In Building Construction (AREA)
  • Automatic Assembly (AREA)
EP91112087A 1991-06-27 1991-07-19 Méthode et module préfabriquée pour la production des constructions et des bâtiments Expired - Lifetime EP0520084B1 (fr)

Applications Claiming Priority (2)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
DE4121253 1991-06-27
DE4121253A DE4121253C2 (de) 1991-06-27 1991-06-27 Verfahren und vorgefertigter Modul zur Herstellung von Bauwerken und Gebäuden

Publications (2)

Publication Number Publication Date
EP0520084A1 true EP0520084A1 (fr) 1992-12-30
EP0520084B1 EP0520084B1 (fr) 1995-12-20

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EP91112087A Expired - Lifetime EP0520084B1 (fr) 1991-06-27 1991-07-19 Méthode et module préfabriquée pour la production des constructions et des bâtiments

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EP (1) EP0520084B1 (fr)
AT (1) ATE131892T1 (fr)
DE (2) DE4121253C2 (fr)
DK (1) DK0520084T3 (fr)
IL (1) IL101815A (fr)

Cited By (1)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
CN113958043A (zh) * 2021-10-20 2022-01-21 锦州市好为尔保温材料有限公司 一种结构一体化免拆模预制空心墙体及施工工艺

Families Citing this family (5)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
DE4332793C1 (de) * 1993-09-27 1995-01-12 Eberhard Schrade Verfahren zur Herstellung von Bauwerken und vorgefertigter Modul
CH692990A5 (de) * 1998-09-03 2003-01-15 Guenter Tesch Aus Containern bestehendes Gebäude.
SE0500489L (sv) * 2005-03-03 2006-09-04 Combisafe Int Ab Förfarande för montering av utrustning
ATE532913T1 (de) † 2006-09-25 2011-11-15 Frank Gmbh & Co Kg Max Stahlbetonkonstruktion für ein gebäude und verfahren zur erstellung einer solchen konstruktion
DE102017115615A1 (de) 2017-07-12 2019-01-17 grbv Ingenieure im Bauwesen GmbH & Co. KG Verfahren zur Erstellung von Bauwerken oder Gebäuden und Raummodul dafür

Citations (6)

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Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
FR1404620A (fr) * 1964-05-22 1965-07-02 Tech Jean Prouve élément d'ossature d'immeuble et constructions réalisées à partir de tels éléments
DE1952883A1 (de) * 1969-10-21 1971-04-29 Kaletka Ing Josef Gebaeude als Sammelgarage fuer Wohnsiedlungen
US3894373A (en) * 1970-10-14 1975-07-15 John H Willingham Industrialized building construction
US4068425A (en) * 1977-04-05 1978-01-17 Permacrete Products Corporation Modular mausoleum
GB2009811A (en) * 1977-12-09 1979-06-20 Bell T Improvements relating to building modules and prefabricated building panels for such modules
US4443985A (en) * 1981-08-31 1984-04-24 Jaime Moreno Composite building construction comprising a combination of precast and poured-in-place concrete

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DE2210342A1 (de) * 1972-03-03 1973-09-13 Modulbau Ag Raumzelle aus bewehrtem beton fuer den fertigbau
US4191002A (en) * 1973-03-13 1980-03-04 Unicon Parking Structures, Inc. Demountable multiple level building structure
DE2427113A1 (de) * 1974-06-05 1976-01-02 Kaletka Ing Josef Zwei- oder mehrstoeckige sammelgarage
DE9105949U1 (de) * 1991-05-14 1991-08-08 Bau-Idee GmbH, 7036 Schönaich Vorgefertigter Modul zur Herstellung von Bauwerken und Gebäuden
DE4115643A1 (de) * 1991-05-14 1992-11-19 Eberhard Schrade Verfahren und vorgefertigter modul zur herstellung von bauwerken und gebaeuden

Patent Citations (6)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
FR1404620A (fr) * 1964-05-22 1965-07-02 Tech Jean Prouve élément d'ossature d'immeuble et constructions réalisées à partir de tels éléments
DE1952883A1 (de) * 1969-10-21 1971-04-29 Kaletka Ing Josef Gebaeude als Sammelgarage fuer Wohnsiedlungen
US3894373A (en) * 1970-10-14 1975-07-15 John H Willingham Industrialized building construction
US4068425A (en) * 1977-04-05 1978-01-17 Permacrete Products Corporation Modular mausoleum
GB2009811A (en) * 1977-12-09 1979-06-20 Bell T Improvements relating to building modules and prefabricated building panels for such modules
US4443985A (en) * 1981-08-31 1984-04-24 Jaime Moreno Composite building construction comprising a combination of precast and poured-in-place concrete

Cited By (1)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
CN113958043A (zh) * 2021-10-20 2022-01-21 锦州市好为尔保温材料有限公司 一种结构一体化免拆模预制空心墙体及施工工艺

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IL101815A (en) 1995-06-29
DE4121253A1 (de) 1993-01-07
DK0520084T3 (da) 1996-05-06
ATE131892T1 (de) 1996-01-15
IL101815A0 (en) 1992-12-30
DE59107128D1 (de) 1996-02-01
DE4121253C2 (de) 1996-11-28
EP0520084B1 (fr) 1995-12-20

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