EP0465997B1 - Panneau multicouche en treillis comprenant des barres et des noeuds - Google Patents
Panneau multicouche en treillis comprenant des barres et des noeuds Download PDFInfo
- Publication number
- EP0465997B1 EP0465997B1 EP91110958A EP91110958A EP0465997B1 EP 0465997 B1 EP0465997 B1 EP 0465997B1 EP 91110958 A EP91110958 A EP 91110958A EP 91110958 A EP91110958 A EP 91110958A EP 0465997 B1 EP0465997 B1 EP 0465997B1
- Authority
- EP
- European Patent Office
- Prior art keywords
- framework panel
- octahedra
- side walls
- supplementary
- cuboctahedra
- Prior art date
- Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
- Expired - Lifetime
Links
Images
Classifications
-
- E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
- E04—BUILDING
- E04B—GENERAL BUILDING CONSTRUCTIONS; WALLS, e.g. PARTITIONS; ROOFS; FLOORS; CEILINGS; INSULATION OR OTHER PROTECTION OF BUILDINGS
- E04B1/00—Constructions in general; Structures which are not restricted either to walls, e.g. partitions, or floors or ceilings or roofs
- E04B1/18—Structures comprising elongated load-supporting parts, e.g. columns, girders, skeletons
- E04B1/19—Three-dimensional framework structures
-
- E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
- E04—BUILDING
- E04B—GENERAL BUILDING CONSTRUCTIONS; WALLS, e.g. PARTITIONS; ROOFS; FLOORS; CEILINGS; INSULATION OR OTHER PROTECTION OF BUILDINGS
- E04B1/00—Constructions in general; Structures which are not restricted either to walls, e.g. partitions, or floors or ceilings or roofs
- E04B1/18—Structures comprising elongated load-supporting parts, e.g. columns, girders, skeletons
- E04B1/19—Three-dimensional framework structures
- E04B2001/1981—Three-dimensional framework structures characterised by the grid type of the outer planes of the framework
-
- E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
- E04—BUILDING
- E04B—GENERAL BUILDING CONSTRUCTIONS; WALLS, e.g. PARTITIONS; ROOFS; FLOORS; CEILINGS; INSULATION OR OTHER PROTECTION OF BUILDINGS
- E04B1/00—Constructions in general; Structures which are not restricted either to walls, e.g. partitions, or floors or ceilings or roofs
- E04B1/18—Structures comprising elongated load-supporting parts, e.g. columns, girders, skeletons
- E04B1/19—Three-dimensional framework structures
- E04B2001/1981—Three-dimensional framework structures characterised by the grid type of the outer planes of the framework
- E04B2001/1984—Three-dimensional framework structures characterised by the grid type of the outer planes of the framework rectangular, e.g. square, grid
-
- E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
- E04—BUILDING
- E04B—GENERAL BUILDING CONSTRUCTIONS; WALLS, e.g. PARTITIONS; ROOFS; FLOORS; CEILINGS; INSULATION OR OTHER PROTECTION OF BUILDINGS
- E04B1/00—Constructions in general; Structures which are not restricted either to walls, e.g. partitions, or floors or ceilings or roofs
- E04B1/18—Structures comprising elongated load-supporting parts, e.g. columns, girders, skeletons
- E04B1/19—Three-dimensional framework structures
- E04B2001/1981—Three-dimensional framework structures characterised by the grid type of the outer planes of the framework
- E04B2001/1987—Three-dimensional framework structures characterised by the grid type of the outer planes of the framework triangular grid
-
- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y10—TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC
- Y10S—TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y10S52/00—Static structures, e.g. buildings
- Y10S52/10—Polyhedron
Definitions
- the invention relates to a multi-layer space frame panel made of rods and nodes, consisting of a plurality of three-dimensionally interconnected ring-shaped networks that extend along a honeycomb-like basic structure, the ring-shaped networks being composed of elementary building blocks, namely cuboctahedra, octahedra and stiffened by diagonal bars Parts of the same, and furthermore the annular networks also delimit open cavities with openings.
- Such a multi-layer space frame panel is known from DE-OS 3 627633. Due to the special construction, this space framework panel can be built with larger spans than was previously possible with the usual two-layer or three-layer space framework panels.
- a shortcoming of this known space frame panel is, however, that it cannot easily be used as a roof structure due to the numerous large openings on its top and side walls. In the area of the openings, the knot pieces required as purlins or support points for the roof skin or side wall cladding are missing. In other words, the dimensions of these openings in the ring-shaped networks of this space frame panel are too large to be easily covered by roof skins or side wall claddings.
- the invention is therefore based on the object of developing a multi-layer space frame panel of the type described in such a way that its outwardly open cavities with openings on the top and the side walls are closed by means of further space frames, so that sufficient support or fastening points for these areas a roof skin or side wall cladding is present.
- the above object is achieved in that the spatial framework plate is limited along cutting lines following sectional planes, which are aligned so that the bars and node pieces on the top and the side walls of the spatial framework plate lie in these sectional planes, and that in the cavities open to the outside with the openings on the top and on the side walls of the limited space truss panel, two-ply, additional space trusses composed of at least the same elementary building blocks as the ring-shaped networks of the space truss panel are used, such that a grid of bars and. on the top and the side walls of the space truss panel Knot pieces from the space truss and the supplementary space trusses each exist on a level identical to the respective cutting level.
- a major advantage of the invention is that the multi-layer space frame panel has in the outermost layers on its top and the side walls arranged in a grid node pieces to which a roof skin or side wall cladding can be attached directly or indirectly. After all, the supplementary space trusses can only manage with two bar lengths and two angle types (45 ° and 60 °).
- the three-dimensional framework plate 10 shown in FIG. 1 has numerous annular networks that extend spatially over six layers and are interconnected, one of which is identified by the reference number 11 in FIG. 1 by way of example for all others.
- These ring-shaped networks 11 in turn consist of elementary building blocks and each elementary building block has a number of cuboctahedra, octahedra and half-cuboctahedra stiffened by diagonal bars.
- a space frame plate 12 with a hexagonal plan or a space frame plate 13 with a rectangular plan is "separated" from this state of the art space frame plate 10 to explain the invention.
- the space frame plate 12 is shown in full lines in FIG. 1 and the space frame plate 13 is indicated in FIG. 1 in dashed lines.
- the side walls of the space frame panel 12 alternately have an inclination of approximately 54 ° and approximately 70 ° to the horizontal, while the space frame plate 13 with a rectangular plan along the section lines S3 vertical Side walls and along the cutting lines S1 and S2 contains side walls with an inclination of approx. 54 ° and approx. 70 °.
- FIG. 6 shows the two upper layers 14 on the upper side of the space frame plate 12 with the openings 15 and 16 of the cavities, which are delimited by the annular networks 11.
- the openings 15 and 16 are to be closed in such a way that a grid of rods and node pieces is present in one plane at the top of the space frame panel 12.
- This purpose is served by two-layer additional space frameworks 1, 3 or 2 and 3, which are shown in FIGS. 6A, 6B and 6C.
- the two-layer supplementary framework 1 or 2 can optionally be installed in the openings 15.
- the two-layer supplementary framework 3 is intended to close the openings 16.
- two additional space frame structures 1 and three additional space frame structures 3 are shown in the installed state in the left half.
- two supplementary space frameworks 2 are shown as examples.
- the two-layer supplementary framework 1 is composed of the following elementary building blocks from rods 6 and node pieces 7: nine tetrahedra (T), three half-octahedra (1/2 O), one octahedron (O) and three half-Cuboctahedra (1 / 2 CO).
- the two-layer supplementary framework 2, which can be used as an alternative to the supplementary framework 1, consists of the following basic components: six half-cuboctahedra (1/2 CO) and one octahedron (O).
- the two-layer additional space framework 3 comprises three half-octahedra (1/2 O) and four tetrahedra (T) as elementary building blocks.
- the two-layer supplementary space trusses 1, 2 and 3 are composed predominantly of the same elementary building blocks as the ring-shaped networks 11 of the space truss panel 12.
- a roof skin can be attached in the usual way.
- the cavities delimited by the ring-shaped networks 11 of the spatial framework plate 12 also open out on the side walls of the spatial framework plate 12 into openings 15, 16, which correspond to the openings 15, 16 at the top of the spatial framework plate, as well as into three openings 17 two-layer additional space frameworks 1 (FIG. 6A) or 2 (FIG. 6B) are installed, while the two-layer additional space frameworks 3 (FIG. 6C) are inserted into the openings 16.
- the openings 17 on three sides of the space frame plate 12 are closed by rectangular, two-layer additional space frame structures 4 (FIG. 7).
- Each additional space framework 4 is composed of a series of half-octahedra (1/2 0) and half-cuboctahedron (1/2 CO) as elementary building blocks.
- a triangular grid and a square grid of rods 6 and knot pieces 7 are each formed in one plane on the side walls of the space frame panel 12, whereby side wall claddings (not shown) can be fastened to the knot pieces 7 (in the outermost position).
- Fig. 8 shows the space frame panel 12 'with the closed top and side walls but without roof skin or side wall cladding.
- the outermost layers face the top and a triangular grid or a triangular grid and square grid on the side walls of the space frame panel 12 '.
- the space framework panel 12 ′′ of FIG. 9 contains the supplementary space frameworks 2, 3 on the top and three side walls, and the supplementary space frameworks 4 again on the remaining three side walls.
- the space framework panel 12 ′′ therefore has an upper side and three side walls Hexagon grid and a square grid on the remaining three side walls.
- FIG. 10 the two lowest layers of the space frame plate 12 (Fig. 1 to 5) are shown.
- the support edges of the space frame panel 12 ' form three-strap ties 18 made of rods 20 and knot pieces 19.
- the three-strap ties 18 are joined to form a hexagon and are installed in the two lowest layers of the space frame panel 12' in such a way that the node pieces 19 serving as supports are in one Level.
- FIG. 13 shows that the openings of the cavities delimited by the annular networks 11 are open on the underside of the space frame panel 12 '.
- the six-layer space frame panel 13 with a rectangular plan shown in FIGS. 14, 15 and in dashed lines in FIG. 1 has two vertical side walls along the cutting lines S3 and sloping side walls along the cutting lines S1 and S2 with an inclination angle of approx. 54 ° or approx. 70 ° to the horizontal.
- the two-layer supplementary framework 4 (FIG. 7) is installed in the openings 17 of the cavities delimited by the annular networks 11 on the one side wall.
- the two-layer supplementary framework 4 (FIG. 7) is installed in the openings 21 of the cavities delimited by the annular networks 11 on the two vertical side walls of the truss 13 are each fitted with a two-layer supplementary truss 5 (FIG. 16), as is illustrated in FIG. 17 for the left side wall of the truss 13 .
- each of the two additional space frameworks 5 is composed of a series of elementary building blocks consisting of bars 6 and node pieces 7, namely of square prisms, square prisms with diagonal bars 8 and half square prisms (FIG. 16).
- the openings 15, 16 on the other inclined side wall of the space frame plate 13 and on the top of the space frame plate 13 can, as in the embodiment according to FIGS. 2-13, either with the two-layer supplementary space frames 1 and 3 (FIGS. 6A, 6C ) or the supplementary space frameworks 2 and 3 (Fig. 6B, 6C) are closed.
- the six-layer room framework plate 13 ' is shown on the top and the four side walls in the closed state (without roof skin and side wall cladding). This results in a hexagon grid on the top and one side wall, and a square grid on the remaining three side walls.
- the supplementary spatial frameworks (for example 2 and 4) are composed predominantly of the same elementary modules as the ring-shaped networks 11 of the spatial framework panels 13 and 13 '. Only for the additional space frameworks 3 and 5 are tetrahedra and square prisms partially included Diagonal rods 8 or half square prisms required. On the top and the side walls of the space frame plate 13 'are in the outermost position the node pieces 7 arranged in the grid in each case in one plane, so that a roof skin or side wall cladding can be attached to these node pieces 7 (not shown).
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- Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Architecture (AREA)
- Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
- Electromagnetism (AREA)
- Civil Engineering (AREA)
- Structural Engineering (AREA)
- Building Environments (AREA)
- Tents Or Canopies (AREA)
- Joining Of Building Structures In Genera (AREA)
- Casting Support Devices, Ladles, And Melt Control Thereby (AREA)
- Panels For Use In Building Construction (AREA)
- Laminated Bodies (AREA)
Claims (10)
- Panneau multicouche (10, 12, 13) en treillis constitué de barres (6) et de pièces nodales (7), comprenant un grand nombre d'entrelacs annulaires (11) reliés les uns aux autres dans trois dimensions, qui s'étendent le long d'une structure de base du type nid d'abeilles ; panneau dans lequel les entrelacs annulaires (11) se composent de pièces structurelles élémentaires, c'est-à-dire d'octaèdres cuboïdes (CO), d'octaèdres (O) et de parties de ces derniers, rigidifié(e)s par des barres diagonales (8) ; et dans lequel, par ailleurs, les entrelacs annulaires (11) délimitent également des cavités ouvertes vers l'extérieur et munies d'ouvertures (15, 16, 17, 21), caractérisé par le fait que le panneau (10) en treillis est délimité le long de plans de coupe qui suivent des lignes de coupe (S1, S2, S3) et sont orientés de telle sorte que les barres (6) et les pièces nodales (7) se trouvent dans ces plans de coupe, à la face supérieure et sur les parois latérales du panneau en treillis ; et par le fait que, dans les cavités ouvertes vers l'extérieur et munies des ouvertures (15, 16 ; 17 ; 21), à la face supérieure et sur les parois latérales du panneau (12, 13) en treillis ainsi délimité, des treillis complémentaires (1-5) à deux couches, constitués de pièces structurelles élémentaires au moins identiques aux entrelacs annulaires du panneau en treillis, sont intégrés de manière que, à la face supérieure et sur les parois latérales du panneau (12, 13) en treillis, une trame de barres (6) et de pièces nodales (7), comprenant le panneau (12, 13) en treillis et les treillis complémentaires (1-5), soit respectivement présente dans un plan identique au plan de coupe considéré.
- Panneau en treillis, selon la revendication 1, caractérisé par le fait que, lorsque ledit panneau (12) en treillis possède une configuration de base hexagonale, les parois latérales présentent alternativement une inclinaison d'environ 54° et d'environ 70° par rapport à l'horizontale.
- Panneau en treillis, selon la revendication 1, caractérisé par la présence, lorsque ledit panneau (13) en treillis possède une configuration de base rectangulaire, de deux parois latérales verticales opposées l'une à l'autre, et de deux parois latérales obliques qui présentent, respectivement, un angle d'environ 54° et d'environ 70° par rapport à l'horizontale.
- Panneau en treillis, selon la revendication 1, caractérisé par le fait que, dans les couches extérieures extrêmes dudit panneau (12, 13) en treillis, la trame est une trame triangulaire et/ou hexagonale et/ou rectangulaire.
- Panneau en treillis, selon la revendication 1, caractérisé par le fait que les treillis complémentaires (1, 3) à deux couches, destinés à être intégrés dans les cavités du panneau (12, 13) en treillis qui sont ouvertes vers l'extérieur et sont munies des ouvertures (15, 16), se composent respectivement de neuf tétraèdres (T), de trois semi-octaèdres (1/2 O), d'un octaèdre (O) et de trois semi-octaèdres cuboïdes (1/2 CO), respectivement de trois semi-octaèdres (1/2 O) et de quatre tétraèdres (T).
- Panneau en treillis, selon la revendication 1, caractérisé par le fait que les treillis complémentaires (2, 3) à deux couches, destinés à être intégrés dans les cavités dudit panneau (12, 13) en treillis qui sont ouvertes vers l'extérieur et sont munies des ouvertures (15, 16), se composent respectivement de six semi-octaèdres cuboïdes (1/2 CO) et d'un octaèdre (O), respectivement de trois semi-octaèdres (1/2 O) et de quatre tétraèdres (T).
- Panneau en treillis, selon les revendications 1 et 2, caractérisé par le fait que, dans le panneau (12') en treillis possédant une configuration de base hexagonale, les cavités des parois latérales du panneau (12) en treillis, qui sont ouvertes vers l'extérieur et sont munies des ouvertures (15, 16, 17), renferment des treillis complémentaires (1, 3, 4) à deux couches qui comprennent alternativement, d'une part, neuf tétraèdres (T), trois semi-octaèdres (1/2 O), un octaèdre (O) et trois semi-octaèdres cuboïdes (1/2 CO), respectivement, d'autre part, trois semi-octaèdres (1/2 O) et quatre tétraèdres (T), et une rangée de semi-octaèdres (1/2 O) et de semi-octaèdres cuboïdes (1/2 O).
- Panneau en treillis, selon les revendications 1 et 2, caractérisé par le fait que, dans le panneau (12') en treillis possédant une configuration de base hexagonale, les cavités des parois latérales du panneau (12) en treillis, qui sont ouvertes vers l'extérieur et sont munies des ouvertures (15, 16, 17), renferment des treillis complémentaires (2, 3, 4) à deux couches qui comprennent alternativement, d'une part, six semi-octaèdres cuboïdes (1/2 O) et un octaèdre (O), respectivement trois semi-octaèdres (1/2 O) et quatre tétraèdres (T) et, d'autre part, une rangée de semi-octaèdres (1/2 O) et de semi-octaèdres cuboïdes (1/2 CO).
- Panneau en treillis, selon les revendications 1 et 3, caractérisé par le fait que, dans le panneau (13') en treillis possédant une configuration de base rectangulaire, les cavités des deux parois latérales verticales mutuellement opposées, qui sont ouvertes vers l'extérieur et sont munies des ouvertures (21), renferment des treillis complémentaires (5) à deux couches comprenant des prismes rectangulaires, partiellement avec des barres diagonales (8), et des semi-prismes rectangulaires ; les cavités de l'une des parois latérales obliques renferment des treillis complémentaires (4) à deux couches, constitués d'une rangée de semi-octaèdres (1/2 O) et de semi-octaèdres cuboïdes (1/2 CO) ; et celles de l'autre paroi latérale oblique renferment des treillis complémentaires (1, 3 ou 2, 3) à deux couches, comprenant respectivement neuf tétraèdres (T), trois semi-octaèdres (1/2 O), un octaèdre (O) et trois semi-octaèdres cuboïdes (1/2 CO) et, respectivement, trois semi-octaèdres (1/2 O) et quatre tétraèdres (t) ou respectivement six semi-octaèdres cuboïdes (1/2 CO) et un octaèdre (O) et, respectivement, trois semi-octaèdres (1/2 O) et quatre tétraèdres (t).
- Panneau en treillis, selon l'une des revendications 1-9, caractérisé par le fait que les bords d'appui du panneau (12') en treillis sont formés par des membrures de liaison (18) à triple gousset, et les pièces nodales (19) servant de pièces d'appui sont disposées dans un plan.
Applications Claiming Priority (2)
Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
---|---|---|---|
DE4022138A DE4022138C1 (fr) | 1990-07-11 | 1990-07-11 | |
DE4022138 | 1990-07-11 |
Publications (2)
Publication Number | Publication Date |
---|---|
EP0465997A1 EP0465997A1 (fr) | 1992-01-15 |
EP0465997B1 true EP0465997B1 (fr) | 1994-10-12 |
Family
ID=6410112
Family Applications (1)
Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
---|---|---|---|
EP91110958A Expired - Lifetime EP0465997B1 (fr) | 1990-07-11 | 1991-07-02 | Panneau multicouche en treillis comprenant des barres et des noeuds |
Country Status (5)
Country | Link |
---|---|
US (1) | US5201160A (fr) |
EP (1) | EP0465997B1 (fr) |
JP (1) | JPH05230880A (fr) |
AT (1) | ATE112812T1 (fr) |
DE (2) | DE4022138C1 (fr) |
Families Citing this family (10)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
GB9816180D0 (en) * | 1998-07-25 | 1998-09-23 | Kubik Leszek A | Space frames |
NZ334681A (en) * | 1999-03-17 | 2001-09-28 | Vortec Energy Ltd | Annular diffuser, for a wind turbine, assembled from arcuate segments by lifting alternate ends and attaching segments |
US6931812B1 (en) | 2000-12-22 | 2005-08-23 | Stephen Leon Lipscomb | Web structure and method for making the same |
JP3811708B1 (ja) * | 2005-10-25 | 2006-08-23 | 積水化学工業株式会社 | 建築構造体 |
JP4108101B2 (ja) * | 2006-04-21 | 2008-06-25 | 積水化学工業株式会社 | 立体チューブ建築構造体 |
DE202008005695U1 (de) * | 2008-04-24 | 2009-09-03 | SCHÜCO International KG | Fassade oder Lichtdach eines Gebäudes und Verbindungselement dafür |
US8257088B1 (en) | 2008-07-18 | 2012-09-04 | Craig Askins | Geometric assembly for therapeutic or athletic use |
DE102011008067A1 (de) * | 2011-01-07 | 2012-07-12 | Areva Np Gmbh | Schutzsystem für Gebäude- oder Behälterwände |
CN108265870B (zh) * | 2018-01-18 | 2019-12-31 | 上海理工大学 | 基于分形理论的屋顶板及其附件 |
US11045678B1 (en) * | 2020-12-04 | 2021-06-29 | Richard Dattner | Systems and methods for modular recreational structures |
Family Cites Families (6)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
DE2316141C3 (de) * | 1973-03-29 | 1979-08-16 | Conrad Roland 1000 Berlin Lehmann | Räumliches Netzwerk zum Klettern |
US3942291A (en) * | 1974-05-06 | 1976-03-09 | Takenaka Komuten Co., Ltd. | Artificial land structure framework |
US4686800A (en) * | 1986-01-29 | 1987-08-18 | Mccormick Donald M | Geometric construction system and method |
US4719726A (en) * | 1986-04-14 | 1988-01-19 | Helmut Bergman | Continuous spherical truss construction |
DE3627633A1 (de) * | 1986-08-14 | 1988-02-18 | Reuben Wimmer | Tragdeckenkonstruktion |
US4711062A (en) * | 1986-12-17 | 1987-12-08 | Gwilliam Tony S | Octet structures using tension and compression |
-
1990
- 1990-07-11 DE DE4022138A patent/DE4022138C1/de not_active Expired - Fee Related
-
1991
- 1991-07-02 EP EP91110958A patent/EP0465997B1/fr not_active Expired - Lifetime
- 1991-07-02 DE DE59103210T patent/DE59103210D1/de not_active Expired - Fee Related
- 1991-07-02 AT AT91110958T patent/ATE112812T1/de not_active IP Right Cessation
- 1991-07-11 US US07/728,730 patent/US5201160A/en not_active Expired - Fee Related
- 1991-07-11 JP JP3197194A patent/JPH05230880A/ja active Pending
Also Published As
Publication number | Publication date |
---|---|
EP0465997A1 (fr) | 1992-01-15 |
DE59103210D1 (de) | 1994-11-24 |
DE4022138C1 (fr) | 1992-02-13 |
JPH05230880A (ja) | 1993-09-07 |
ATE112812T1 (de) | 1994-10-15 |
US5201160A (en) | 1993-04-13 |
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