Classifications

• • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
  • C14—SKINS; HIDES; PELTS; LEATHER
  • C14B—MECHANICAL TREATMENT OR PROCESSING OF SKINS, HIDES OR LEATHER IN GENERAL; PELT-SHEARING MACHINES; INTESTINE-SPLITTING MACHINES
  • C14B1/00—Manufacture of leather; Machines or devices therefor
  • C14B1/30—Pressing or rolling leather
  • C14B1/34—Pressing or rolling leather by rotating movement of the pressing or rolling elements
• • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
  • C14—SKINS; HIDES; PELTS; LEATHER
  • C14B—MECHANICAL TREATMENT OR PROCESSING OF SKINS, HIDES OR LEATHER IN GENERAL; PELT-SHEARING MACHINES; INTESTINE-SPLITTING MACHINES
  • C14B1/00—Manufacture of leather; Machines or devices therefor
  • C14B1/58—Drying
• • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
  • C14—SKINS; HIDES; PELTS; LEATHER
  • C14B—MECHANICAL TREATMENT OR PROCESSING OF SKINS, HIDES OR LEATHER IN GENERAL; PELT-SHEARING MACHINES; INTESTINE-SPLITTING MACHINES
  • C14B17/00—Details of apparatus or machines for manufacturing or treating skins, hides, leather, or furs
  • C14B17/06—Work feeding or clamping devices

Definitions

• the invention relates to a continuous device for the treatment of leather and similar materials, in particular a printing, dyeing, ironing or wilting device, with a continuous path which extends through at least one roller arrangement, in particular one pair of rollers.
• Such pass-through devices are widely and widely used in tannery and leather processing.
• conveyor, suction, pressure compensation belts or similar closed-circulating, flexible elements are guided along the continuous path between the surfaces of the pair of rollers on the outlet side or possibly upstream pairs of rollers.
• the emerging edge region of the leather pieces adheres more or less to a roller surface or to the surface of a circulating belt guided by the relevant pair of rollers.
• the general problem here is the emerging edge area of the leather pieces from the roller surface on which the Leather adheres, can be removed quickly and reliably, so that there is no hindrance to the passage process and no damage to the leather.
• the object of the invention is therefore to provide flow devices of the type mentioned at the outset which enable the leather to be detached from the roller outlet in continuous operation.
• the devices according to the invention for solving this problem are determined by the subject matter of claims 1 and 18, respectively.
• These subject matters represent two solution variants which are fundamentally independent of one another, but can also be used in appropriate combinations, if appropriate, with particular advantages. They are based on a common idea of the invention. This consists, among other things, of the fact that within the leather surface - except at most in the narrower area of the trailing edge - at least the sensitive grain side of the leather from a relative movement with respect to machine elements, ie from an undesirable sliding or rubbing attack, during the exit process progressing over the length of the leather piece. is kept free and thus protected from damage.
• the first-mentioned variant is especially for leather with a surface that is difficult to detach from the roller.
• FIGS. 1 and 2 show a side view and a top view of a leather dyeing machine designed as a continuous device according to the invention, with a continuous path for leather pieces L extending through a roller arrangement (10) in the direction according to arrow P1.
• the roller arrangement 10 also includes an ink roller 11 on top Ink tray 12 and an underlying counter-pressure and transport roller 13, over which a feed belt TA is guided. The latter forms a support surface AF in its upper run for the pieces of leather to be fed.
• gripping means 20 are arranged for the removal of the exiting pieces of leather.
• gripping means 20 are arranged to be movable in the direction of passage and connected to drive means 70 which act in the sense of a pulling-off movement of the leather pieces.
• a discharge conveyor belt TB arranged at a lower level extends in the direction of P1 to the machine end on the output side, following the exit region of the roller arrangement.
• the exiting leather edge K is detached and gripped by the gripping means from the transport surface to which the leather adheres to a greater or lesser extent, ie generally from the surface of the inking roller.
• the drive means 70 are then activated, and the gripping means 20 pull the leather edge in synchronization with the exit speed of the leather at the outlet of the roller arrangement with progressive detachment of the leather from the transport or roller surface in the direction P1 to a predetermined end position, for example up to the area of the output end of the machine.
• the central region of the length of the leather piece drops on the conveyor belt TB, which is driven in synchronism with the drive means 70.
• the still color-moist and sensitive leather is thus gently spread out and ready for acceptance.
• the gripping means comprise four grippers 22 which are distributed over the working width of the roller arrangement 10 and which grip the edge region K of the exiting leather pieces.
• a separately activatable pull-off drive device 71, 72, 73 and 74 in the form of a compressed air cylinder is provided within the drive means 70, which extends essentially over the usable length of the conveyor belt TB.
• Such a compressed air cylinder for example 71, is of commercially available construction and is shown in a partial longitudinal section in FIG.
• a double-acting piston 80 is mounted in a cylindrical jacket 81, which is provided with a jacket slot 82 that runs through parallel to the axis.
• the pressure spaces 80a, 80b on both sides of the piston are sealed against the outside space and against each other by means of a sealing slide 84 fastened to the piston by means of a soft-elastic sealing member 83 which is continuous along the length of the jacket slot 82 and in turn longitudinally slotted.
• Such longitudinal slot movement seals for piston-cylinder arrangements are generally known and do not require any special explanation here.
• An angled support member 85 and a coupling member 86 connect the gripper 22 to the piston 80. Alternating pressurization of the piston results in a reversing mode of operation, namely, on the one hand, the previously explained pull-off movement of the individual grippers along the conveyor belt TB according to arrow P1 and, on the other hand, one against ⁇ sensible return movement according to arrow Pia.
• a common pull-off drive device can optionally be provided for a plurality of grippers.
• At least one gripper 22 or at least one gripper group in the direction P2 transverse to the direction of travel Pl within the working width of the roller arrangement 10 is adjustable.
• the two outer grippers are each etheret sixteeng together with their drive devices 71 and 74 to a transversely adjustable unit '.
• the compressed air cylinders in question are displaceably mounted independently of one another within a frame-shaped frame part 30 on running rails 31 and coupled with an associated, selectively activatable transverse adjusting device 32 or 34 in the form of a compressed air cylinder.
• a transverse control device 40 is provided with a program control, which has a plurality of predefined and optionally activatable transverse position settings 1 to 4 or 5 to 8 within the working width of the roller arrangement for each transverse adjustment device 32, 34.
• the transverse control device 40 is designed as a truss-like assembly with the transverse position selection buttons 42 at the top and arranged above the leather support surface AF in a manner suitable for use.
• a larger number of grippers can be provided, and can also advantageously be designed to be cross-adjustable individually or in groups.
• a plurality of position detectors STO, STW, STZ and STE are arranged on the compressed air cylinder, which assign certain positions of the piston 80 - ie also the associated gripping means 20 - along their path of movement
• a control signal - in the example of a dual logic signal with the value 1 - when the longitudinal center of the piston reaches the switching position of the detector concerned, indicated by dash-dotted lines.
• the piston 80 being provided in the usual manner with a control magnet (not shown) arranged in its longitudinal center.
• the detectors STO, STW, STZ, STE are, with respect to the gripping means 20, an initial position at the roller exit or a waiting position or an intermediate position or an end position.
• These detectors, in particular STZ and STE can advantageously be arranged to be adjustable along the movement path of the gripper. This detector arrangement is used to control the advancing or withdrawing movement and the returning movement, which will be explained later.
• FIG. 4 shows, on a larger scale, a section from FIG. 1 with the roller exit area and a gripper 22 located in the initial position STO (for the sake of clarity, the gripper movement positions are designated by the reference symbols STO, STW, STZ or STE of the corresponding position detectors, since the unchangeable longitudinal offset between gripper and piston longitudinal center is insignificant).
• the pliers-like structure of the gripper 22 with claw-like gripping members 23, 24 that can be reversed between an open position and a (dash-dotted) closing position can be seen.
• the gripping members have a tip area designed as a stripper 25, which in the open position of the gripping members shown and in the initial position STO of the gripper, i.e.
• Each gripper is provided with a detector LD, which detects the entry of the leather edge area into the space between the open gripping members and triggers their immediate closing.
• a detector LD which detects the entry of the leather edge area into the space between the open gripping members and triggers their immediate closing.
• an optoelectronic detector with a light emitter LD1 and a light sensor LD2 is provided.
• the scanning beam path S runs from the emitter LD1 to a first mirror surface SP1, which is formed on the inner face of the correspondingly translucent
• Gripping member 23 is arranged, from there through the gripper interior and the likewise translucent gripping member 24 to a second mirror surface SP2 arranged within the same and further to the sensor LD2.
• a feed and control unit 60 Arranged on the gripper is a feed and control unit 60, which is only indicated schematically here, and which, in a manner which is conventional per se, provides the energy supply to the emitter and the processing of the output signals of the sensor via lines 61.
• An actuating device 50 which is also indicated only schematically by a dashed line and is of a conventional type with a suitable servomotor, receives an actuating pulse as a function of a leather presence detection in the gripper from the feed and control unit 60 and causes the gripping members to close according to arrows P3.
• the gripper closed position is indicated by dash-dotted lines in FIG.
• the leather presence detection triggers the advance of the gripper according to arrow Pl with a short delay, which ensures that the leather edge is held securely.
• the leather presence detection described so far is assigned to the individual grippers or gripper groups. Furthermore there is a detection device GD in the manner shown in FIGS. 2 and 4, which extends over the entire width of the roll exit area - or a part thereof - and monitors this entire area for the presence or absence of material.
• this device comprises a row of light emitters GDI arranged above the exit plane, which extend over the working width, with associated sensors GD2, which are arranged below this plane.
• the respective scanning beam path s thus penetrates the material plane.
• the distances and the position of the scanning units, each consisting of emitter and sensor, are selected in such a way that a sufficiently continuous material detection results.
• the scanning beams pass the grippers 22 located in their initial position.
• the control of the sequence of movements can, however, generally be designed so that even a covering of scanning beams by the grippers does not interfere, because this can only take place in the initial position.
• the sensor output signals of the scanning units namely a logic 1 for the presence of material, are combined in a NOR logic GL. Their output signal X with the value 1 thus means "roller exit area is free of material".
• control channels 101 to 104 which are assigned to the drive devices 71 to 74.
• the logic GL already mentioned supplies its signal X and the inverted signal X 'to a distributor VT to which the control channels 101 to 104 are connected.
• the control channel 71 is shown in principle, the others are constructed in the same way and are only indicated by their reference signs on the distributor VT. The following is the channel
• the drive device 71 is indicated as a function block with alternatively controllable and in the usual way (not shown) interlocked control inputs V for "forward" (pull-off direction) and R for "return".
• the gripper control means 60 and gripper adjusting means 50 are also indicated as function blocks. They are connected to one another by control inputs ZO with the function "open gripper” assigned to the signal value logical 1 and ZS for "close gripper".
• the gripper control means 60 contain a leather presence detector LD which is locally assigned to the relevant gripper and which, as already mentioned, supplies a control signal with the value logic 1 in the case of material presence in the interior of the gripper.
• biflops flip-flops
• FFO flip-flops
• FFl flip-flops
• FF2 signal storage elements, which in the output state assume their preferred switching state indicated by "a".
• biflops that only respond to positive input signals. The remaining elements are mentioned in the description of the function.
• the device is in the initial state according to FIGS. 4 and 4, the leather edge K (in so far deviating from the illustration in FIG. 4) initially not yet leaving the roller exit.
• a leather edge section enters the relevant gripper interior, so that LD is activated and consequently FFO is set, that is, ZS is activated with 1, and the gripper is closed via its adjusting means 50.
• a safety-related delay caused by a timing element tl this continues to set FFl in control channel 101 and activates the drive device with control signal 1 at input V at the start of the advance.
• the position transmitter STO had ended the previous gripper return by emitting a blocking signal 1 via an AND blocking gate (inverting input) AI at the input R.
• the leading gripper now leaves STO and input R is released in preparation for the following return, but is not yet activated due to the FF2 remaining in the reset state.
• FFO and FF2 are also reset, ie on the one hand the gripper is opened and on the other hand the return of the gripper is triggered by activating R via the gate AI, which has now been released by STO. If STZ is activated, the same happens as soon as the intermediate position is reached due to the signal path given via WS and 01.
• all the grippers are immediately opened and returned to their initial position. This may result in a considerable saving in process time.
• FIG. 7 shows another example of the invention of a leather dyeing machine in a front view of a roller arrangement which essentially corresponds to the first example. The viewing direction of this view is horizontal against the exit area of the roller arrangement.
• FIG. 8 shows a side view of the roll exit area corresponding to FIG. 2 of the first example.
• a compressed air nozzle arrangement DSA is provided which extends over the working width of the roller outlet.
• elements that correspond to the preceding example are provided with the same reference numerals, if necessary for understanding.
• the individual nozzles are arranged in the immediate vicinity of the surface of the roller 11 and are directed against the leather edge K adhering here. It is expedient to work with compressed air blasts which can be triggered by means of detection devices similar to the first example, depending on the arrival of the leather edge. This saves a lot of compressed air.
• the detached leather edge falls under gravity onto the conveyor belt TB and is carried along by it without a gripper.
• grippers can also be provided here, similarly to the first example, if necessary.
• FIGS. 9 to 14 show a further embodiment of a flow device according to the invention, namely again on a continuous leather printing machine as an example an AST workstation.
• the leather is pressed against the inking roller by a counter roller W2 with a feed belt ZFB during the actual printing process and, due to the still liquid ink, adheres relatively firmly to the surface of the roller W1.
• a take-off roller W3 is therefore provided with a gripping center GR arranged in a grid pattern on the roller circumference, which inevitably lift the leather.
• the dry side of leather then lies on the roller W3 and slides from it onto a conveyor belt AFB.
• rollers W1 and W3 are synchronized by a coupling gear KTR of a known type, preferably with an adjustable transmission ratio, according to their peripheral speeds. If necessary, a suitable difference in the circumferential roller speeds can be set, for example a slight advance of the take-off roller.
• the gripping means are provided with lancing or notching organs SK, which are adjustable between an active state with attack on the leather and an inactive state with release of the leather.
• lancing or notching organs SK are adjustable between an active state with attack on the leather and an inactive state with release of the leather.
• an adjusting device STE is provided which is synchronized with the leather pass or the roll rotation.
• the raster-shaped distribution of the lancing or notching organs on the surface of the roller W3 can be seen in detail from FIGS. 11 and 12.
• the lancing or notching members SK arranged in a row essentially extending in the longitudinal direction of the roller can be adjusted jointly between the active and inactive state.
• a structural unit BEH is shown on a larger scale, each with a piercing or notching member SK in the inactive state ZI or active state ZA.
• the puncturing or notching organs SK are needle-shaped, and a common, preferably fluidic, switching device UVR is provided for the activation and inactivation for the puncturing or notching organs each arranged in a row essentially extending in the longitudinal direction of the roll.
• the lancing or notching members are mounted displaceably in a guide sleeve FHL between the active and inactive states and are biased by means of a return spring RFD in the direction of one of their operative states, preferably in the direction of the inactive state. If appropriate, a corresponding swivel bearing can also be considered.
• the common fluidic switching device UVR comprises at least one hose or bellows element SBE, which acts on the lancing or notching members in the sense of pivoting, can be acted upon and relieved of pressure fluid. This is guided for each row of lancing or notching elements in aligned support tubes TRR, which are fastened in shape-matched, longitudinal grooves of the roll shell and connect the units BEH of a row with each other. Distance raw DSTs secure the position of the units.
• the elements SBE which are advantageously designed as simple, sufficiently flexible hoses, are connected to a pressure fluid source via fluidic control means known per se and therefore not shown in detail.
• These control means comprise a selectively activatable control valve of a known type for each row of lancing or notching members.
• the element SBE of the row concerned is, for example, by a control cam arrangement of a conventional type interacting with the shaft of the roller W3 , which is contained in the already mentioned synchronous control device STE, pressurized with pressure fluid and thereby expanded.
• the lancing or notching organs of the series are simultaneously against the action of the back adjusting spring RFD transferred to its active state and pressed into the insensitive back or meat side of the leather.
• the leather With the further rotation of the roller, the leather is then deflected in a direction tangential to the circumference of the roller 3 and thus separated from the inking roller W1. Immediately thereafter, the Schlauch ⁇ or bellows SBE is relieved by the synchronous control, and the punching or notching organs' give the leather, returning to the inactive state free.
• a pneumatic drive system can preferably be used for the adjustment of the lancing or notching members, but corresponding hydraulic systems are also advantageous depending on the operating conditions.
• the hollow roller body is connected to a compressed air supply via a rotary coupling and serves as a pressure accumulator.

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• Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
• Manufacturing & Machinery (AREA)
• Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
• Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
• Organic Chemistry (AREA)
• Treatment Of Fiber Materials (AREA)
• Treatment And Processing Of Natural Fur Or Leather (AREA)
• Advancing Webs (AREA)

Applications Claiming Priority (2)

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ID=6394421

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• 1989
  • 1989-11-29 DE DE3939461A patent/DE3939461A1/de active Granted
• 1990
  • 1990-07-24 IT IT021537U patent/IT9021537U1/it unknown
  • 1990-07-24 IT IT02102390A patent/IT1243684B/it active IP Right Grant
  • 1990-11-29 WO PCT/EP1990/002050 patent/WO1991008315A1/de not_active Application Discontinuation
  • 1990-11-29 US US07/730,772 patent/US5238234A/en not_active Expired - Fee Related
  • 1990-11-29 EP EP90917749A patent/EP0455790A1/de not_active Ceased

Non-Patent Citations (1)

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