EP0425781B1 - Regeleinrichtung für Zerkleinerungsmaschinen - Google Patents

Regeleinrichtung für Zerkleinerungsmaschinen Download PDF

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Publication number
EP0425781B1
EP0425781B1 EP19900115983 EP90115983A EP0425781B1 EP 0425781 B1 EP0425781 B1 EP 0425781B1 EP 19900115983 EP19900115983 EP 19900115983 EP 90115983 A EP90115983 A EP 90115983A EP 0425781 B1 EP0425781 B1 EP 0425781B1
Authority
EP
European Patent Office
Prior art keywords
size
rotor
reduction
impact
baffle plate
Prior art date
Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
Expired - Lifetime
Application number
EP19900115983
Other languages
German (de)
English (en)
French (fr)
Other versions
EP0425781A2 (de
EP0425781A3 (en
Inventor
Wilhelm Pallmann
Current Assignee (The listed assignees may be inaccurate. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation or warranty as to the accuracy of the list.)
Pallmann Maschinenfabrik GmbH and Co KG
Original Assignee
Pallmann Maschinenfabrik GmbH and Co KG
Priority date (The priority date is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the date listed.)
Filing date
Publication date
Application filed by Pallmann Maschinenfabrik GmbH and Co KG filed Critical Pallmann Maschinenfabrik GmbH and Co KG
Publication of EP0425781A2 publication Critical patent/EP0425781A2/de
Publication of EP0425781A3 publication Critical patent/EP0425781A3/de
Application granted granted Critical
Publication of EP0425781B1 publication Critical patent/EP0425781B1/de
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Classifications

    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B02—CRUSHING, PULVERISING, OR DISINTEGRATING; PREPARATORY TREATMENT OF GRAIN FOR MILLING
    • B02C—CRUSHING, PULVERISING, OR DISINTEGRATING IN GENERAL; MILLING GRAIN
    • B02C18/00—Disintegrating by knives or other cutting or tearing members which chop material into fragments
    • B02C18/06—Disintegrating by knives or other cutting or tearing members which chop material into fragments with rotating knives
    • B02C18/16—Details
    • B02C18/22—Feed or discharge means
    • B02C18/2225—Feed means
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B02—CRUSHING, PULVERISING, OR DISINTEGRATING; PREPARATORY TREATMENT OF GRAIN FOR MILLING
    • B02C—CRUSHING, PULVERISING, OR DISINTEGRATING IN GENERAL; MILLING GRAIN
    • B02C13/00—Disintegrating by mills having rotary beater elements ; Hammer mills
    • B02C13/26—Details
    • B02C13/286—Feeding or discharge

Definitions

  • the invention relates to a control device for shredding machines for optimizing their loading condition depending on the shredding progress.
  • the drive motor often gives the warning signal too late that the comminuting machine is overloaded, so that the feed device can no longer be retracted or switched off in time by means of appropriate control intervention, which results in unpleasant downtimes or even machine damage can result.
  • DE-AS 1 272 691 already describes a control device for uniform, load-dependent loading of hammer or beater mills, in which the kinetic energy is used as the control variable, which is continuously communicated to the regrind by the comminuting rotor until it has reached the predetermined degree of comminution.
  • the sieve jacket surrounding the beater rotor and serving as a grinding track is provided with brake strips, which have a braking effect on the flow of material circulating between the sieve jacket and beater rotor and thereby transmit a circumferential force to the elastically mounted sieve jacket.
  • the resulting rotary deflections of the sieve jacket are thus a direct measure of the amount of ground material in the grinding chamber and its quality.
  • the resiliently mounted sieve casing already serves as a mechanical measuring element which detects the loading state of the beater mill without any time delay, so that the feed device can be acted on in good time in this way.
  • this known control device Since the braking effect constantly exerted by the sieve jacket on the regrind circulating in the grinding chamber results in considerable heating of the material, this known control device is not suitable for substances that change structurally due to the effects of heat, as is the case, for example, with plastics or rubber-like substances.
  • the invention is therefore based on the object of developing a control device with which the direct recording of the respective loading state of the comminution machine is possible without overheating of the comminution material-harmful.
  • the centrifugal chamber arranged on the side of the comminuting rotor opposite the material outlet gives the material, which has not yet been sufficiently comminuted, the opportunity to cool down in free flight to such an extent that the comminuting work converted into heat cannot have a material-damaging effect.
  • the good parts flying tangentially away from the comminution rotor hit the baffle plate located in the direction of rotation of the rotor and cause a compressive force there, which results in a corresponding evasive movement of the baffle plate.
  • This evasive movement of the baffle plate is thus a direct measure of the respective loading condition of the shredding machine and can therefore be used as a control variable for controlling the supply of material.
  • the baffle plate can be pivotally mounted and provided with an adjustable counterweight.
  • the pivotable mounting of the baffle plate is not only structurally simple, but also gives the designer the opportunity to appropriate choice of the plate length using the lever law to increase the display sensitivity, which can also be adapted to the respective operating conditions by the adjustable counterweight provided on the baffle plate.
  • the feed device consists of an essentially vertical feed shaft which is separated from the centrifugal chamber by the pivotable baffle plate.
  • the baffle plate acts directly on the feed device, narrowing the feed chute the more and thereby throttling the supply of material, the greater the weight of the comminution material striking it.
  • the normal force of the weight of the comminution material sliding down under the action of gravity acts on the baffle plate on its side facing the feed chute, while the kinetic energy of the impacting comminution material which is converted into pressure force acts on its side facing the centrifugal chamber.
  • the optimum swivel angle ⁇ of the baffle plate can be set, in which a normal state of equilibrium is established between these two forces acting on the baffle plate. This state of equilibrium will only then disrupted when the forces acting on the side of the centrifugal chamber outweigh the forces acting on the opposite side of the feed material so that the baffle plate completely closes the feed shaft and only opens it again after the forces on the centrifugal chamber have decreased accordingly as a result of the shredding progress to have.
  • the control system automatically strives for the state of equilibrium that can be influenced by the adjustable counterweight.
  • the baffle plate in this embodiment of the invention thus represents both the measuring element for detecting the loading condition and the actuator for changing the supply of goods accordingly, the adjustable counterweight attached to the baffle plate also also acting as a setpoint device.
  • the sensor, controller and actuator are combined in a single mechanical component, so that the controlled system of this control circuit and thus also the time delays during the control process are zero according to the invention.
  • the cutting mill 1 shown in FIG. 1 has a cutting rotor 2 which is equipped with rotor knives 3. These interact with stator blades 5 installed in the mill housing 4.
  • the cutting flight circle of the rotor knives 3 is designated 6, and the direction of rotation of the cutting rotor 2 is indicated by the arrow 7.
  • the cutting rotor 2 On its underside, the cutting rotor 2 is surrounded by a semicircular sieve jacket 8, which is decisive for the degree of comminution sought.
  • the exit of the comminuted material from the cutting mill 1 is indicated by the arrow 9.
  • the material to be shredded is fed to the cutting rotor 2 from above through a feed shaft 10, which has a feed chute 11 and a pivotable inlet flap 12 with counterweight 13 in its upper region.
  • a conveyor belt 14 opens out above the feed chute 11.
  • a signal transmitter 15 interacts with the inlet flap 12 and, when the chute 11 is overloaded, switches off the motor of the conveyor belt 14 via a line 16.
  • a centrifugal chamber 17 is arranged above the cutting rotor 2, within which a baffle plate 18 is pivotally mounted and provided with a counterweight 19.
  • the baffle plate 18 also forms the partition between the feed shaft 10 and the centrifugal chamber 17.
  • the device shown in Fig. 1 works as follows: First, both the inlet flap 12 and the baffle plate 18 are in their closed positions indicated by dashed lines due to the action of their counterweights 13 and 19. After the cutting rotor 2 has started up, the conveyor belt 14 feeds the feed chute 11 with the comminution material which, when sliding along the chute 11, opens the inlet flap 12 and then falls into the feed shaft 10. From there it arrives at the cutting rotor 2 under braking by the baffle plate 18 acting under its counterweight 19.
  • Fig. 2 the force relationships in the feed shaft 10 are shown for a special case in which the comminuted material consists of uniform, rectangular rubber bales 20, the uniform thickness d of which determines the pivoting angle ⁇ of the baffle plate 18 to a certain amount.
  • the sliding movement of the bale 20 comes to a standstill when the sum of the forces exerted on it by the baffle plate 18 (F 1p + F 2p + R1 + R2) is greater than the driving force A.
  • the biasing force F 1 caused by the counterweight 19 is adjustable, but is constant in the set state, changes in movement of the bale 20 can only be brought about by the variable impact forces F 2, which fluctuate within considerable limits depending on the material density in the centrifugal chamber 17. Accordingly, when the centrifugal chamber 17 is heavily loaded, the advance of the bale 20 and thus also its further comminution is interrupted until the already separated good parts are sufficiently comminuted are to be able to leave the grinding chamber through the screen jacket 8.
  • FIG. 3 The embodiment of the invention shown in FIG. 3 consists of a beater mill 21, the beater rotor 22 of which is equipped with rotor tools 23, which comminute with stator tools 25 attached in the mill housing 24 work together.
  • the outer flight circle of the rotor tools 23 is denoted by 26, and the direction of rotation of the rotor 22 is indicated by the arrow 27.
  • the beater rotor 22 is surrounded by a screen jacket 28, which defines the predetermined degree of comminution.
  • the exit of the comminuted material is indicated by the arrow 29.
  • a centrifugal chamber 32 is arranged above the beater rotor 22, within which a baffle plate 33 is pivotably mounted and is provided with an adjustable counterweight 34.
  • the good parts thrown into the centrifugal chamber 32 by the beater rotor 22 mostly hit the baffle plate 33, on which they cause corresponding swiveling deflections.
  • the resulting swivel angle ⁇ can be represented on the swivel axis 35 as an electrical signal 36, which is compared as an actual value in a controller 37 with an adjustable setpoint 38.

Landscapes

  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Food Science & Technology (AREA)
  • Crushing And Pulverization Processes (AREA)
EP19900115983 1989-11-02 1990-08-21 Regeleinrichtung für Zerkleinerungsmaschinen Expired - Lifetime EP0425781B1 (de)

Applications Claiming Priority (2)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
DE3936390 1989-11-02
DE19893936390 DE3936390C1 (enrdf_load_stackoverflow) 1989-11-02 1989-11-02

Publications (3)

Publication Number Publication Date
EP0425781A2 EP0425781A2 (de) 1991-05-08
EP0425781A3 EP0425781A3 (en) 1991-11-06
EP0425781B1 true EP0425781B1 (de) 1993-06-09

Family

ID=6392670

Family Applications (1)

Application Number Title Priority Date Filing Date
EP19900115983 Expired - Lifetime EP0425781B1 (de) 1989-11-02 1990-08-21 Regeleinrichtung für Zerkleinerungsmaschinen

Country Status (2)

Country Link
EP (1) EP0425781B1 (enrdf_load_stackoverflow)
DE (1) DE3936390C1 (enrdf_load_stackoverflow)

Cited By (2)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
WO2007134367A1 (en) * 2006-05-18 2007-11-29 The University Of Queensland Apparatus for determining breakage properties of particulate material
CN103908991A (zh) * 2014-04-04 2014-07-09 安徽科信矿山机械制造有限公司 一种锤式破碎机

Families Citing this family (5)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
RU2160638C2 (ru) * 1999-03-10 2000-12-20 Санкт-Петербургский государственный электротехнический университет Способ автоматического регулирования процесса измельчения в роторной дробилке и устройство для его осуществления
NL1034988C2 (nl) * 2008-02-01 2009-08-04 Syntech Holdings Bv Inrichting voor het verkleinen van bladmateriaal.
DE102011000008A1 (de) * 2011-01-03 2012-07-05 Wincor Nixdorf International Gmbh Vorrichtung zum Kompaktieren von Leergut
CN103240159A (zh) * 2013-05-24 2013-08-14 南通中正机械有限公司 新型锁风装置
CN104785352A (zh) * 2015-04-22 2015-07-22 张甲进 一种防止超大石块卡死破碎机的装置

Family Cites Families (3)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
DE608701C (de) * 1933-01-26 1935-01-30 Ohg Italiane Walzenstuhl zum Mahlen von Getreide
DE1272691B (de) * 1965-04-30 1968-07-11 Hans Armin Ohlmann Dipl Ing Regeleinrichtung zur gleichmaessigen, lastabhaengigen Beschickung von Hammer- oder Schlaegermuehlen
CH669337A5 (enrdf_load_stackoverflow) * 1986-03-24 1989-03-15 Buehler Ag Geb

Cited By (4)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
WO2007134367A1 (en) * 2006-05-18 2007-11-29 The University Of Queensland Apparatus for determining breakage properties of particulate material
EA014142B1 (ru) * 2006-05-18 2010-10-29 Де Юниверсити Ов Куинслэнд Устройство для определения прочностных свойств кускового материала
US8272247B2 (en) 2006-05-18 2012-09-25 The University Of Queensland Apparatus for determining breakage properties of particulate material
CN103908991A (zh) * 2014-04-04 2014-07-09 安徽科信矿山机械制造有限公司 一种锤式破碎机

Also Published As

Publication number Publication date
EP0425781A2 (de) 1991-05-08
EP0425781A3 (en) 1991-11-06
DE3936390C1 (enrdf_load_stackoverflow) 1990-12-06

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