EP0417672B1 - Scheinwerfer, insbesondere für Kraftfahrzeuge - Google Patents

Scheinwerfer, insbesondere für Kraftfahrzeuge Download PDF

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Publication number
EP0417672B1
EP0417672B1 EP90117327A EP90117327A EP0417672B1 EP 0417672 B1 EP0417672 B1 EP 0417672B1 EP 90117327 A EP90117327 A EP 90117327A EP 90117327 A EP90117327 A EP 90117327A EP 0417672 B1 EP0417672 B1 EP 0417672B1
Authority
EP
European Patent Office
Prior art keywords
reflector
optical axis
section
light source
light
Prior art date
Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
Expired - Lifetime
Application number
EP90117327A
Other languages
German (de)
English (en)
French (fr)
Other versions
EP0417672A3 (en
EP0417672A2 (de
Inventor
Bela Szenci
Current Assignee (The listed assignees may be inaccurate. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation or warranty as to the accuracy of the list.)
Hella GmbH and Co KGaA
Original Assignee
Hella KGaA Huek and Co
Priority date (The priority date is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the date listed.)
Filing date
Publication date
Application filed by Hella KGaA Huek and Co filed Critical Hella KGaA Huek and Co
Priority to AT90117327T priority Critical patent/ATE99789T1/de
Publication of EP0417672A2 publication Critical patent/EP0417672A2/de
Publication of EP0417672A3 publication Critical patent/EP0417672A3/de
Application granted granted Critical
Publication of EP0417672B1 publication Critical patent/EP0417672B1/de
Anticipated expiration legal-status Critical
Expired - Lifetime legal-status Critical Current

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Classifications

    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F21—LIGHTING
    • F21S—NON-PORTABLE LIGHTING DEVICES; SYSTEMS THEREOF; VEHICLE LIGHTING DEVICES SPECIALLY ADAPTED FOR VEHICLE EXTERIORS
    • F21S41/00—Illuminating devices specially adapted for vehicle exteriors, e.g. headlamps
    • F21S41/30—Illuminating devices specially adapted for vehicle exteriors, e.g. headlamps characterised by reflectors
    • F21S41/32—Optical layout thereof
    • F21S41/33—Multi-surface reflectors, e.g. reflectors with facets or reflectors with portions of different curvature
    • F21S41/334—Multi-surface reflectors, e.g. reflectors with facets or reflectors with portions of different curvature the reflector consisting of patch like sectors
    • F21S41/335—Multi-surface reflectors, e.g. reflectors with facets or reflectors with portions of different curvature the reflector consisting of patch like sectors with continuity at the junction between adjacent areas

Definitions

  • the invention relates to a headlamp, in particular for motor vehicles, with a light source arranged in the focal point of a reflector, with a reflector which is designed such that it produces a large width of the illuminated area in a horizontal axis, and which is in a vertical section through the optical axis is an approximate parabolic section below the optical axis, and with an essentially optically non-correcting lens that covers the light exit of the reflector.
  • Headlights of this type can be used as dimmed headlights, in particular in motor vehicles, for illuminating the roadway when the motor vehicle is in operation. It is also possible to use headlights of this type, in particular on motor vehicles, as work headlights for illuminating the work area when the motor vehicle is at a standstill or when driving slowly away from public roads. In both cases, the immediate vicinity in front of the motor vehicle should be illuminated as evenly and glare-free as possible.
  • the reflector is designed such that the desired light distribution, namely in a horizontal axis, a large width of the illuminated area, almost without shading the light source and essentially without a correcting lens. is produced.
  • the reflector has a hyperbolic section in a horizontal section through the optical axis and a parabola section in a vertical section through the optical axis.
  • the light source is a longitudinal helix extending in the direction of the optical axis.
  • this known headlight has disadvantages.
  • a longitudinal helix extending in the direction of the optical axis is used as the light source.
  • Such known incandescent lamps have a large length, so that the known headlamp has a large depth.
  • the reflector there has a hyperbola section in a horizontal section through the optical axis the overall width of the headlight is also large.
  • the light source is enclosed by the hyperbola section only in a very small solid angle, which leads to a comparatively poor yield of the luminous flux supplied by the light source and reduces the light output which can be generated by the known headlights.
  • the overall height of the known headlamp is also large, since the focal length of the parabolic sections used in the vertical section through the optical axis cannot be arbitrarily reduced because of the given dimensions of the incandescent lamp and its inclusion.
  • the parabola sections also enclose the light source only in a very small solid angle, which likewise leads to the low, usable light efficiency described above.
  • the previously known headlamp thus has a large construction volume and a comparatively low luminous efficacy.
  • the object of the invention is to provide a headlight which, with a small construction volume, enables a large luminous efficacy with a large width of the illuminated area, is simple and inexpensive and does not require a correcting lens.
  • the light source is a horizontal spiral extending perpendicular to the optical axis and that the Reflector in a horizontal section through the optical axis is a first approximate ellipse section with a small distance between the focal points and that the reflector in a vertical section through the optical axis above the optical axis is a second approximate ellipse section with a large distance between the focal points.
  • the overall depth of the headlamp according to the invention is less than that of the prior art, since such incandescent lamps are shorter.
  • the reflector is a first approximate ellipse section in a horizontal section through the optical axis, the light source is enclosed much more completely than in the prior art, so that a larger solid angle is detected, which leads to a better light yield of the headlight according to the invention.
  • the desired large width of the illuminated area in the horizontal axis is achieved without a correcting lens.
  • the light rays reflected by the elliptical surface cross each other.
  • the light rays are reflected without crossing the light rays on the hyperbolic surface.
  • the required overall width of the headlight according to the invention is reduced compared to the known.
  • the reflector in a vertical section through the optical axis above the optical axis is a second approximate elliptical section with a large distance between the focal points, so that for this reason also the luminous efficacy of the headlight according to the invention is greater than in the prior art.
  • the required height of the headlamp according to the invention can be reduced compared to the known by the second approximate elliptical section.
  • the headlamp according to the invention thus has the advantages over the known headlamp that its construction volume is smaller and its luminous efficiency is greater. In addition, it is simple and inexpensive to manufacture, since z. B. no optically effective, correcting lens and no lens, such as. B. in a projector headlight, is required. Due to the very extensive enclosure of the light source by the reflector z. B. an extensive directional influence of the light generated by the light source possible. Only a comparatively small proportion of the light from the light source is transmitted through the lens without reflection from the reflector.
  • the focal length of the reflector is shorter above the optical axis than below the optical axis. With these measures, an almost logarithmic increase in luminance up to a maximum can be achieved.
  • a suitable choice of the focal lengths can also be used to avoid illuminating areas above the maximum mentioned, so that the area outside the working area remains dark.
  • a facet reflector can be constructed relatively easily. Due to the comparatively large overlap of the reflected helix images, uniform illumination is brought about by the headlight according to the invention.
  • Such uniform illumination can also be advantageously achieved in that the reflector is designed without steps and contours.
  • Such a stepless design of the reflector is such. B. possible when designing the reflector surface as a free area outside the horizontal and vertical cutting planes through the optical axis.
  • Such a stepless reflector offers the further advantage of uniform luminous field boundaries without any significant fraying.
  • the headlight is a worklight with two reflectors in a common housing and with a common lens, the light sources of which can be switched independently of one another. Due to the common housing and the common lens, the construction of such a work light is comparatively simple.
  • the two reflectors, the light sources of which can be switched independently of one another make it possible to illuminate different areas depending on the work to be carried out. That is, one of the two reflectors can, as previously described, be designed so that it essentially the close range, z. B. in front of a motor vehicle, illuminated to z. B. at a standstill of the motor vehicle to work in this close range with as uniform illumination as possible. However, drives z. B. the motor vehicle in the case of field work, it is advantageous if, in addition to this close range, a far range can be illuminated by the appropriately designed second reflector.
  • the two reflectors can be combined to form a common double reflector, the second reflector having an optical axis approximately parallel to the optical axis of the first reflector. This measure enables simple and inexpensive training of the worklight. Due to the approximated parallelism of the optical axes, a common maximum of the luminance in the illuminated area can be achieved.
  • the second reflector can be designed in such a way that it scatters the emerging light beam only slightly in a horizontal axis and in a vertical axis, the scattering being greater in the horizontal direction than in the vertical direction.
  • This design of the second reflector corresponds to that of a typical high-beam headlight reflector. Because the first reflector can be switched on, good illumination of the close range is still possible in addition to the illumination of the far range.
  • the second light source is a second transverse spiral extending perpendicular to the optical axis and lying horizontally, if the second reflector in a horizontal section through the optical axis is an approximate elliptical section with a large distance between the focal points and if the second reflector is an approximate parabolic section in a vertical section through the optical axis.
  • the second light source is a transverse helix, the overall depth of the second reflector can be reduced together with the light source, as previously described. The required width of the second reflector can be reduced by the third approximated ellipse section.
  • the desired small width of the illuminated surface in the horizontal axis is ensured.
  • the second approximate Parabola section ensures the narrow width of the illuminated area in a vertical axis.
  • first reflector and the second reflector are arranged pivotably in the housing of the worklight independently of one another.
  • the light fields generated by the two reflectors can be set independently of one another and depending on the work to be carried out in the illuminated area.
  • a first reflector (1) has a first push-through opening (2) for a light source, the first incandescent filament of which is designed as a transverse filament and is identified in FIG. 1 by the reference symbol (3).
  • the first incandescent filament (3) is arranged approximately in the optical axis of the first reflector (1), which is shown in FIG. 1 by the intersection of a horizontal plane (H) through the optical axis and a vertical plane (V) through the optical axis is formed.
  • the first filament (3) extends in the horizontal plane (H) perpendicular to the optical axis.
  • FIG. 2 shows a section through the reflector according to FIG. 1 through a horizontal plane (H) through the optical axis.
  • H horizontal plane
  • two first approximate ellipse sections (4) with a small distance between the focal points can be seen.
  • FIG. 3 A vertical section through the optical axis of the reflector according to FIG. 1 is shown in FIG. 3.
  • a first approximate parabola section below the horizontal plane (H) or the optical axis and a second approximate ellipse section (6) above the horizontal plane (H) or the optical axis can be seen.
  • the overall width of the reflector is less than its overall height and that the arrangement of the light source lies far outside the center of gravity of the reflector according to FIG. 1.
  • FIG. 4 shows a second reflector (7) of a worklight, which has a second push-through opening (8) for a second light source, the second filament (9) of which is designed as a transverse filament, extends in a horizontal plane (H) and perpendicular to it optical axis is arranged. Furthermore, a vertical plane (V) is represented by the optical axis in FIG.
  • FIG. 5 shows a horizontal section through the optical axis through the second reflector according to FIG. 4.
  • the focal points of the third approximated ellipse section (10) are at a comparatively large distance.
  • FIG. 6 shows a vertical section through the optical axis through the second reflector (7) according to FIG. 4.
  • the position of the second filament (9) relative to the horizontal plane (H) can also be seen here through the optical axis.
  • the second reflector (7) according to FIG. 4 has a second approximated parabola section (11) and a third approximated parabola section (12).
  • the approximate parabolic sections (11, 12) are preferably of identical design in order to ensure symmetry of the light reflected by the reflector (7) with respect to the horizontal plane (H) through the optical axis. Depending on the application of the second reflector (7), however, it is also possible to use different approximate parabolic sections (11, 12).
  • the diagram with lines of the same luminous intensity according to FIG. 7 shows the luminous intensity generated by the first reflector (1) on a 25 m screen.
  • a horizontal plane (H) and a vertical plane (V) are entered through the optical axis in order to be able to represent the position of a field (13) of the highest light intensity relative to the optical axis.
  • FIG. 8 shows a diagram with fields of the same light intensity, generated by the second reflector (7) according to FIG. 4 on a fluorescent screen 25 m away.
  • a horizontal plane (H) of the optical axis and a vertical plane (V) of the optical axis are shown to show the position of a field (14) of maximum light intensity on the 25 m screen through the second reflector (7) relative to the optical axis to represent.
  • the extension of the field (14) of maximum light intensity, produced by the second reflector (7) is comparatively small, both in the direction of the horizontal and in the direction of the vertical, so that the typical light intensity diagram of a high-beam headlight results.
  • FIG. 9 shows a diagram with fields of the same light intensity, generated when headlights are operated simultaneously with a first reflector (1) and a second reflector (7).
  • a horizontal plane (H) and a vertical plane (V) are entered through the optical axis in order to determine the position of a field (15) of the highest luminance on a 25 m screen for the simultaneous operation of the reflectors (1) and (7) to represent.
  • the light intensities of the spiral images reflected by the first reflector (1) and the second reflector (7) add up on the 25 m screen according to FIG. 9.
  • the light intensity in the diagram according to FIG. 1 in the field (13) was approximately 9 lux and in the diagram according to Figure 8 in field (14) about 16 lux, the light intensity in the diagram of Figure 9 in field (15) is about 25 lux.
  • the contour of the field (15) of maximum light intensity is essentially determined by the second reflector (7), which is designed as a high-beam reflector.
  • a work light has a headlight housing (17) which is closed by a lens (16). Inside the headlight housing (17) there is a common double reflector, which is formed from a first reflector (1) and a second reflector (7). Furthermore, the section through the worklight according to FIG. 10 shows the first push-through opening (2) of a first light source and the second push-through opening (8) of a second light source.
  • the reflector parts (1, 7) are combined to form a common double reflector, in particular made of plastic, in such a way that the optical axes of the first reflector (1) and the second reflector (7) are arranged approximately parallel to one another. With this parallel arrangement of the optical axes, the diagram of the fields of the same luminance shown in FIG. 9 results.
  • a worklight with a common double reflector according to FIG. 10 has the particular advantage that it can be produced simply and inexpensively, since only a few parts are required for its production.
  • FIGS. 11 to 13 show a worklight in which a first reflector (1) and a second reflector (7) are pivotably mounted in a worklight housing (17) independently of one another.
  • This headlight housing (17) is covered by a lens (16) essentially without a light-correcting effect.
  • FIGS. 12 and 13 also show the position of the first filament (3) and the second filament (9).
  • the reflectors (1, 7) are gimbal-mounted in two planes, so that the reflectors (1, 7) can be pivoted independently of one another relative to the headlight housing (17) about two axes. This allows both the first reflector (1) and the second Reflector (7) for the individual illumination of different or overlapping work areas can be used.

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  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • General Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Non-Portable Lighting Devices Or Systems Thereof (AREA)
EP90117327A 1989-09-14 1990-09-08 Scheinwerfer, insbesondere für Kraftfahrzeuge Expired - Lifetime EP0417672B1 (de)

Priority Applications (1)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
AT90117327T ATE99789T1 (de) 1989-09-14 1990-09-08 Scheinwerfer, insbesondere fuer kraftfahrzeuge.

Applications Claiming Priority (2)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
DE3930746 1989-09-14
DE3930746A DE3930746A1 (de) 1989-09-14 1989-09-14 Scheinwerfer, insbesondere fuer kraftfahrzeuge

Publications (3)

Publication Number Publication Date
EP0417672A2 EP0417672A2 (de) 1991-03-20
EP0417672A3 EP0417672A3 (en) 1991-08-28
EP0417672B1 true EP0417672B1 (de) 1994-01-05

Family

ID=6389442

Family Applications (1)

Application Number Title Priority Date Filing Date
EP90117327A Expired - Lifetime EP0417672B1 (de) 1989-09-14 1990-09-08 Scheinwerfer, insbesondere für Kraftfahrzeuge

Country Status (5)

Country Link
US (1) US5117336A (enrdf_load_stackoverflow)
EP (1) EP0417672B1 (enrdf_load_stackoverflow)
AT (1) ATE99789T1 (enrdf_load_stackoverflow)
DE (1) DE3930746A1 (enrdf_load_stackoverflow)
ES (1) ES2047787T3 (enrdf_load_stackoverflow)

Families Citing this family (13)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
JP2575140Y2 (ja) * 1993-12-15 1998-06-25 株式会社小糸製作所 車輌用灯具
JP3554388B2 (ja) * 1995-01-18 2004-08-18 本田技研工業株式会社 自動二・三輪車におけるヘッドライト支持構造
JP3184078B2 (ja) * 1995-11-02 2001-07-09 株式会社小糸製作所 車輌用前照灯
FR2769687B1 (fr) * 1997-10-13 2000-03-03 Valeo Vision Ensemble de projecteurs gauche et droit de vehicule automobile, a proprietes photometriques ameliorees
FR2771797A1 (fr) * 1997-11-28 1999-06-04 Teleflex Syneravia Bloc optique pour projecteur et notamment pour aeronef
JP2001283614A (ja) * 2000-03-31 2001-10-12 Stanley Electric Co Ltd 光導管、光導管装置および該光導管、光導管装置を具備する車両用灯具
DE10041367B4 (de) * 2000-08-23 2008-03-27 Siteco Beleuchtungstechnik Gmbh Leuchte mit Parabelabschnitten
US6793372B2 (en) * 2002-09-03 2004-09-21 Guide Corporation Multiple reflector indirect light source lamp
FR2863342B1 (fr) * 2003-12-05 2007-01-05 Valeo Vision Projecteur verticalise pour vehicule automobile
US7093957B2 (en) * 2004-05-24 2006-08-22 Hubbell Incorporated Adjustable double-arcuate reflector for an emergency lighting fixture
US7147348B2 (en) * 2004-05-24 2006-12-12 Hubbell Incorporated Emergency lighting fixture having adjustable reflector and lamp assembly
US7824067B2 (en) * 2007-03-21 2010-11-02 Thomas & Betts International, Inc. Emergency light fixture having an efficient reflector assembly
US8439516B2 (en) * 2009-04-12 2013-05-14 Ip Consulting, Llc Stereoscopic view light source, with multiple modes of operation

Family Cites Families (18)

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Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
GB103334A (en) * 1916-01-22 1917-01-22 Percy Edward Correll Improvements in the Construction of Headlamps for Vehicles.
US1394319A (en) * 1920-01-15 1921-10-18 Fred Earl Fuller Headlight-reflector
US1559930A (en) * 1924-05-19 1925-11-03 Louis A Bean Automobile headlight
US1702746A (en) * 1926-05-26 1929-02-19 Walter C Prichard Automobile headlight
DE722805C (de) * 1936-02-22 1942-07-22 Timbro Ab Scheinwerfer fuer Fahrzeuge
DE2205611A1 (de) * 1972-02-07 1973-08-23 Westfaelische Metall Industrie Abgeblendeter fahrzeugscheinwerfer
DE2205610C3 (de) * 1972-02-07 1978-03-23 Westfaelische Metall Industrie Kg, Hueck & Co, 4780 Lippstadt Abblendbarer Fahrzeugscheinwerfer
US4498124A (en) * 1982-06-28 1985-02-05 Stewart-Warner Corporation Dual halogen lamp assembly
US4495552A (en) * 1982-12-13 1985-01-22 Cal Custom Accessories, Inc. Forward shining vehicle lamp
US4513357A (en) * 1983-01-19 1985-04-23 Tokyo Shibaura Denki Kabushiki Kaisha Headlamp unit with timed switching between two lights
JPS6055593U (ja) * 1983-09-26 1985-04-18 本田技研工業株式会社 自動二輪車のヘツドライト装置
DE3340462C1 (de) * 1983-11-09 1985-04-18 Westfälische Metall Industrie KG Hueck & Co, 4780 Lippstadt Abgeblendeter Fahrzeugscheinwerfer
FR2579721B1 (fr) * 1985-03-26 1988-10-14 Cibie Projecteurs Ensemble d'eclairage de route a deux projecteurs pour vehicule automobile
DE3527391A1 (de) * 1985-07-31 1987-02-05 Bosch Gmbh Robert Nebelscheinwerfer fuer kraftfahrzeuge
FR2602305B1 (fr) * 1986-08-04 1990-03-23 Cibie Projecteurs Projecteur antibrouillard a filament transversal pour vehicule automobile
US4722033A (en) * 1987-04-20 1988-01-26 General Motors Corporation Vehicle headlamp assembly
FR2621100A1 (fr) * 1987-09-30 1989-03-31 Koito Mfg Co Ltd Feu avant de type a double faisceau pour vehicule automobile
US4985814A (en) * 1989-04-14 1991-01-15 Whelen Technologies, Inc. Warning light with quadruple reflective surfaces

Also Published As

Publication number Publication date
ATE99789T1 (de) 1994-01-15
DE3930746A1 (de) 1991-03-28
ES2047787T3 (es) 1994-03-01
EP0417672A3 (en) 1991-08-28
EP0417672A2 (de) 1991-03-20
DE3930746C2 (enrdf_load_stackoverflow) 1992-03-05
US5117336A (en) 1992-05-26

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