EP0367255B1 - Holzzerspanungsmaschine - Google Patents

Holzzerspanungsmaschine Download PDF

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Publication number
EP0367255B1
EP0367255B1 EP89120262A EP89120262A EP0367255B1 EP 0367255 B1 EP0367255 B1 EP 0367255B1 EP 89120262 A EP89120262 A EP 89120262A EP 89120262 A EP89120262 A EP 89120262A EP 0367255 B1 EP0367255 B1 EP 0367255B1
Authority
EP
European Patent Office
Prior art keywords
chipping
rotor
wood
machine according
impact
Prior art date
Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
Expired - Lifetime
Application number
EP89120262A
Other languages
German (de)
English (en)
French (fr)
Other versions
EP0367255A3 (de
EP0367255A2 (de
Inventor
Karl Schäfer
Current Assignee (The listed assignees may be inaccurate. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation or warranty as to the accuracy of the list.)
Inter Wood Maschinen GmbH and Co KG
Original Assignee
Inter Wood Maschinen GmbH and Co KG
Priority date (The priority date is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the date listed.)
Filing date
Publication date
Application filed by Inter Wood Maschinen GmbH and Co KG filed Critical Inter Wood Maschinen GmbH and Co KG
Publication of EP0367255A2 publication Critical patent/EP0367255A2/de
Publication of EP0367255A3 publication Critical patent/EP0367255A3/de
Application granted granted Critical
Publication of EP0367255B1 publication Critical patent/EP0367255B1/de
Anticipated expiration legal-status Critical
Expired - Lifetime legal-status Critical Current

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Classifications

    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B27—WORKING OR PRESERVING WOOD OR SIMILAR MATERIAL; NAILING OR STAPLING MACHINES IN GENERAL
    • B27L—REMOVING BARK OR VESTIGES OF BRANCHES; SPLITTING WOOD; MANUFACTURE OF VENEER, WOODEN STICKS, WOOD SHAVINGS, WOOD FIBRES OR WOOD POWDER
    • B27L11/00—Manufacture of wood shavings, chips, powder, or the like; Tools therefor
    • B27L11/002—Transporting devices for wood or chips

Definitions

  • the invention relates to a wood-cutting machine for the production of flat chips, in particular strands and wafers, with a horizontally arranged, driven cutting rotor with chip knives, the chips produced from outside to inside being continuously removed from the wood-cutting machine.
  • DE-OS 20 65 778 discloses a cutting device for log sections.
  • a hollow cutting drum is provided which is inclined at approximately 45 ° with respect to the horizontal and has cutting elements arranged spirally in its drum shell and thereby offset in the cutting direction, each of which extends only over a small area of the drum width.
  • Each cutting element is assigned a chip passage opening in the drum shell, so that the chips cut from the log section reach the inside of the cutting drum.
  • an ejector plate is arranged in it, which is inclined at an angle to the drum shaft and is essentially flat, lies in the lower lateral quadrant of the drum interior and is only over part of the radial height and only over part of the width Drum interior extends.
  • the ejector plate is stationary and should eject the chips at the end of the chipping drum as it rotates.
  • the chips that enter the inside of the drum should reach the ejector plate, slide down on it and fall out of it at the end of the cutting drum.
  • DE-OS 23 00 843 also discloses a cutting device for log sections.
  • a chipping drum is provided in a lying position, through which an endless conveyor extends in order to discharge the chips axially of the chipping drum.
  • an inclined guide plate is provided which extends along the conveyor belt and collects the chips on the conveyor belt at the point at which they are cut.
  • a protective plate can also be provided on the other side of the longitudinal conveyor, that is to say the gene guide located above the guide plate, in order to prevent the chips from being pushed or pressed over the opposite edge of the longitudinal conveyor.
  • the invention is based on the object of improving the wood-cutting machine explained at the outset, in particular with regard to the proportion of useful material in the chips, in particular in which strands and wafers are to be carried out largely without breakage and in an energy-saving manner.
  • a stationary guide plate protrudes, which is curved in the shape of a blade, lies in the lower region of the rotor and extends approximately over the full radial height of the machining interior.
  • an auxiliary guide plate is connected upstream of the guide plate when viewed in the direction of rotation of the cutting rotor.
  • the majority of the chips produced are conveyed towards the guide plate, where they are deposited and discharged.
  • a small part of the chips generated comes directly in front of the secondary baffle.
  • the guide plate and / or the secondary guide plate are equipped with preferably adjustable compressed air nozzles that support the chip discharge.
  • a machine slide which can be moved transversely against the wood is used in a manner known per se, on which the guide plate and, if appropriate, the secondary guide plate can then be fastened according to the invention.
  • the cutting rotor is then moved laterally in a horizontal plane against the front section of the long wood advanced against a baffle after each cutting stroke, so that the cutting cut is parallel to the wood fiber, but the cutting vector is perpendicular to it.
  • the chip is generated then in such a way that as few chips as possible of too short length and / or width are created, apart from the inevitably too short chips of the cut of a log and / or the exit of the chip knife from the wood.
  • blow bars can be provided with air passage slots, which also make the drag flow more uniform and possibly reduce it.
  • a beating rotor which can be driven in the opposite direction to the cutting rotor, it can also be advantageous if approximately every eighth to tenth beating bar is also designed as a fan blade in order to thereby influence the drag flow in a targeted manner and to produce an air flow which improves the discharge of chips.
  • These fan blades can have an inclination angle which improves the discharge and can be pulled through to the axis.
  • the rake angle is chosen as large as possible and should be over 50 °. Due to the extreme inclination of the chip knife in the cutting rotor, the chip band is peeled off with relatively little energy and deflected gently, i.e. with reduced risk of breakage.
  • the sliding chip band is first pressed against the chest surface of the chip knife by the centrifugal force resulting from the rotational speed of the cutting rotor before the knife carrier lying against this chest surface redirects the chip band, which is then cut off in parallel with a blow bar.
  • the wedge angle of the chip knife should preferably be between 27 ° and 30 °. This results from the extreme inclined position of the chip knife according to the invention and is intended to prevent rubbing of the open surfaces of the chip knife on the wood.
  • the chip run-off angle is chosen as large as possible by choosing the wedge angle of the above-mentioned, acute-angled knife carrier as small as possible.
  • the wedge angle of a knife carrier resting against the knife chest surface can be a maximum of 30 °, so that there is an amount of ⁇ 150 ° for the chip discharge angle. The larger the chip discharge angle is selected, the more gently the chip is deflected.
  • the chip knife it is not absolutely necessary to attach the chip knife to a knife carrier resting against its chest surface. Rather, it is also possible to attach the chip knife to the back of the knife. A chip discharge angle of 180 ° is then obtained, the chip guide surface being able to be carried out up to the inner edge of the cutting rotor. The complete chest surface of the chip knife would then form the chip guide surface. This would result in optimal chip guidance.
  • the distance between the cutting edge of the chip knife and the radially outer upper edge of a knife carrier lying on the chest surface of the chip knife is approximately 12-15 mm. This also serves for a gentler chip deflection.
  • the radial gap between the upper edges of the blow bars of the impact rotor and the lower edges of the chip guiding surfaces of the cutting rotor is made as narrow as possible.
  • the stiffening with a cone plate already mentioned above is advantageous.
  • the impact rotor is mounted on the hub of the cutting rotor. Even with high bending loads, the distance between the upper edges of the blow bars and the lower edges of the inner cutting rotor ring remains constant.
  • the blow bars of the impact rotor form an acute angle with the breast surfaces of the chip knife.
  • the extreme oblique position of the counter-rotating blow bars reduces the energy required to separate the chips along the fiber.
  • the strength of the drag flow is reduced by the blow bars is produced.
  • the slipping off of the cut chips from the blow bars is also accelerated, which nevertheless impart a high kinetic energy to the cut chips, which forces the chips onto a trajectory on which the drag current carries them out of the danger area on the one hand, but on the other hand their high level Accelerate the initial acceleration so that it can be carried out more easily.
  • the cutting rotor also generates an air flow, which, however, is constantly changing and, in comparison to the air flow generated by the impact rotor, is not only much smaller but also has only a slight influence on the chips.
  • the desired chip lengths can be calculated from the cutting speed of the cutting rotor, the cutting rotor diameter, the impact rotor inner diameter, the number of cutting knives, the cutting edge distance, the impact bar distance, the number of impact bars and the peripheral speed of the impact rotor.
  • the wood-cutting machine shown in FIG. 1 has a cutting rotor 1, in which a striking rotor 2 is arranged concentrically. Both rotors 1, 2 are driven in opposite directions to one another.
  • the cutting rotor 1 is completely covered on its right side in FIG. 1 by a disk 17 which prevents the penetration of wood remnants or the like. prevented.
  • the cutting rotor 1 On the side opposite the disk 17, the cutting rotor 1 has only one stiffening ring 12, but is otherwise designed to be open. Between the disk 17 and the stiffening ring 12, axially parallel chip knives 9 are arranged, each of which is fastened to knife carriers 9b.
  • the cutting rotor 1 is seated with a hub 15 in a rotationally fixed manner on a cone 16 of a horizontally mounted drive shaft 4, of which a bearing 5 is indicated.
  • the drive shaft 4, not shown, is driven by belts.
  • the arrow indicates the direction of rotation 18 of the cutting rotor 1.
  • the beating rotor 2 is equipped with axially parallel beating bars 10, each of which is detachably fastened to beating bar supports 2a. These blow bar supports 2a lie between an inwardly extending cone plate 2b and a stiffening ring 13.
  • the beating rotor 2 is mounted with a hollow shaft 3 directly on the hub 15 of the cutting rotor 1.
  • the impact rotor 2 is driven by V-belts.
  • Figures 2 u. 3 shows an arrow showing the direction of rotation 19 of the impact rotor 2.
  • the drive shaft 4 is mounted on a machine slide 7 which is displaceable transversely to the wood 20 shown in FIGS. 2 to 4 and which is fed up to a baffle 14 when it is fed in before a new machining process can be initiated.
  • FIG. 4 shows that both the chip knives 9 and the blow bars 10 are arranged essentially parallel to the longitudinal direction of the fibers of the wood 20 to be cut.
  • a stationary guide plate 6 which is curved in the shape of a blade, extends approximately over the full radial height of the machining interior 22 and lies at the deepest point of the machining interior 22.
  • the bulge of this guide plate 6 lies in the direction of the direction of rotation 19 of the impact rotor 2.
  • the guide plate 6 Seen in the direction of rotation 18 of the cutting rotor 1, the guide plate 6 is preceded by a secondary guide plate 6a, which in FIGS. 2 and 3 lies in the lower left quadrant of the machining interior 22 and one the guide plate 6 has opposite bulge. Both guide plates 6, 6a are equipped with adjustable compressed air nozzles 11 and are arranged on the machine slide 7.
  • the striking rotor 2 can be covered with respect to its machining interior 22 by a stationary shielding plate 6b, which is also fastened to the machine slide 7 and extends outside the actual machining area to the guide plate 6.
  • Figure 5 serves to illustrate the cutting geometry. Of the cutting rotor 1, only a chip knife 9 fastened on a knife carrier 9b is shown in cross-section, while the striking rotor 2 is symbolized only by a striking bar 10.
  • the rake angle ⁇ (this is the angle that the chest surface 9c of the chip knife 9 includes with the radius R of the cutting rotor 1 guided through the cutting edge 9a of the chip knife 9) should be chosen as large as possible and is over 50 °.
  • the wedge angle ß (this is the angle that the aforementioned breast surface 9c encloses with the outer surface of the cutting rotor) is in the range from 27 ° to 30 °.
  • the chip run-off angle ⁇ ' (this is the angle that the mentioned face 9c with the chip guide surface 9d, the knife holder 9b) is chosen as large as possible. In the exemplary embodiment shown, this takes place in that the wedge angle of the knife carrier 9b, which is formed at an acute angle, is selected to be as small as possible (for example 25 ° -30 °). Then the chip discharge angle ⁇ ′ is ⁇ 150 °. The distance a between the cutting edge 0a of the chip knife 9 and the radially outer upper edge of the knife carrier 9b is 12-15 mm.
  • the beating bars 10 of the beating rotor 2 form an angle of ⁇ 90 ° with the breast surfaces 9c of the chip knife 9.
  • the radial gap 23 between the upper edges of the blow bars 10 of the impact rotor 2 and the lower edges of the chip guide surfaces 9d of the cutting rotor 1 is as narrow as possible; The blow bars 10 should therefore turn past the lower edges of the chip guide surfaces 9d as closely as possible.

Landscapes

  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Life Sciences & Earth Sciences (AREA)
  • Manufacturing & Machinery (AREA)
  • Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
  • Wood Science & Technology (AREA)
  • Forests & Forestry (AREA)
  • Debarking, Splitting, And Disintegration Of Timber (AREA)
EP89120262A 1988-11-02 1989-11-02 Holzzerspanungsmaschine Expired - Lifetime EP0367255B1 (de)

Applications Claiming Priority (2)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
DE3837200 1988-11-02
DE3837200A DE3837200C1 (enrdf_load_stackoverflow) 1988-11-02 1988-11-02

Publications (3)

Publication Number Publication Date
EP0367255A2 EP0367255A2 (de) 1990-05-09
EP0367255A3 EP0367255A3 (de) 1991-07-10
EP0367255B1 true EP0367255B1 (de) 1993-09-08

Family

ID=6366337

Family Applications (1)

Application Number Title Priority Date Filing Date
EP89120262A Expired - Lifetime EP0367255B1 (de) 1988-11-02 1989-11-02 Holzzerspanungsmaschine

Country Status (2)

Country Link
EP (1) EP0367255B1 (enrdf_load_stackoverflow)
DE (2) DE3837200C1 (enrdf_load_stackoverflow)

Families Citing this family (5)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
DE19925478C1 (de) * 1999-06-03 2000-11-02 Univ Dresden Tech Fräswerkzeug zur spanenden Bearbeitung von Holz, Holzwerkstoff, Kunststoff o. dgl.
EP1152875A1 (de) 1999-02-19 2001-11-14 Technische Universität Dresden Fräswerkzeug zur spanenden bearbeitung von holz, holzwerkstoff, kunststoff o. dgl.
DE19910208A1 (de) 1999-03-09 2000-09-21 Rolf Hesch Vorrichtung zur Behandlung oder Weiterverarbeitung von Stoffen oder Stoffgemischen
FI112185B (fi) * 1999-05-28 2003-11-14 Andritz Patentverwaltung Laite hakkeen ylisuuren jakeen pienentämiseksi
RU195168U1 (ru) * 2019-07-09 2020-01-16 Федеральное государственное бюджетное образовательное учреждение высшего образования "Саратовский государственный аграрный университе имени Н.И. Вавилова" Устройство для измельчения порубочных остатков

Family Cites Families (8)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US3314459A (en) * 1964-03-03 1967-04-18 Eugene F Beaubien Wood chipping apparatus
DE1300661B (de) * 1966-01-14 1969-08-07 Wigger & Co Heinrich Hackmaschine
US3661192A (en) * 1969-12-08 1972-05-09 Nicholson Mfg Co Peripheral chipper for round log sections
JPS4920401A (enrdf_load_stackoverflow) * 1972-05-02 1974-02-22
US4027826A (en) * 1974-02-09 1977-06-07 Karl Mengele & Sohne Chopping machine particularly for the harvest of corn cobs and their comminution
US3913643A (en) * 1974-02-19 1975-10-21 Multiply Dev Corp Ltd Apparatus for producing wafers from wood
DE3502201C1 (de) * 1985-01-24 1986-01-23 Inter-Wood-Maschinen GmbH & Co KG, 8923 Lechbruck Verfahren zur Herstellung von Flachspänen beliebiger Breite sowie Vorrichtung zur Durchführung des Verfahrens
DE3621939C1 (en) * 1986-06-30 1987-08-13 Inter Wood Maschinen Long-wood chipping machine

Also Published As

Publication number Publication date
EP0367255A3 (de) 1991-07-10
DE3837200C1 (enrdf_load_stackoverflow) 1990-04-19
DE58905525D1 (de) 1993-10-14
EP0367255A2 (de) 1990-05-09

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