EP0365441B1 - Clavier rétroactif modulaire et actionneur modulaire plat - Google Patents
Clavier rétroactif modulaire et actionneur modulaire plat Download PDFInfo
- Publication number
- EP0365441B1 EP0365441B1 EP89420385A EP89420385A EP0365441B1 EP 0365441 B1 EP0365441 B1 EP 0365441B1 EP 89420385 A EP89420385 A EP 89420385A EP 89420385 A EP89420385 A EP 89420385A EP 0365441 B1 EP0365441 B1 EP 0365441B1
- Authority
- EP
- European Patent Office
- Prior art keywords
- coil
- key
- flat
- assembly
- magnetic field
- Prior art date
- Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
- Expired - Lifetime
Links
- 239000012190 activator Substances 0.000 title 1
- 238000012545 processing Methods 0.000 claims description 3
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- 230000008447 perception Effects 0.000 claims 1
- 230000010287 polarization Effects 0.000 description 22
- 230000006870 function Effects 0.000 description 8
- 230000000712 assembly Effects 0.000 description 6
- 238000000429 assembly Methods 0.000 description 6
- XEEYBQQBJWHFJM-UHFFFAOYSA-N Iron Chemical compound [Fe] XEEYBQQBJWHFJM-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 5
- 230000009471 action Effects 0.000 description 5
- 238000006073 displacement reaction Methods 0.000 description 4
- 239000011159 matrix material Substances 0.000 description 4
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- 238000006243 chemical reaction Methods 0.000 description 3
- 230000005415 magnetization Effects 0.000 description 3
- 238000013519 translation Methods 0.000 description 3
- RYGMFSIKBFXOCR-UHFFFAOYSA-N Copper Chemical compound [Cu] RYGMFSIKBFXOCR-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 230000008901 benefit Effects 0.000 description 2
- 230000008878 coupling Effects 0.000 description 2
- 238000010168 coupling process Methods 0.000 description 2
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- 229910052742 iron Inorganic materials 0.000 description 2
- 238000004519 manufacturing process Methods 0.000 description 2
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 description 2
- VPSXHKGJZJCWLV-UHFFFAOYSA-N 2-[4-[2-(2,3-dihydro-1H-inden-2-ylamino)pyrimidin-5-yl]-3-(1-ethylpiperidin-4-yl)oxypyrazol-1-yl]-1-(2,4,6,7-tetrahydrotriazolo[4,5-c]pyridin-5-yl)ethanone Chemical compound C1C(CC2=CC=CC=C12)NC1=NC=C(C=N1)C=1C(=NN(C=1)CC(=O)N1CC2=C(CC1)NN=N2)OC1CCN(CC1)CC VPSXHKGJZJCWLV-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- WWSJZGAPAVMETJ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 2-[4-[2-(2,3-dihydro-1H-inden-2-ylamino)pyrimidin-5-yl]-3-ethoxypyrazol-1-yl]-1-(2,4,6,7-tetrahydrotriazolo[4,5-c]pyridin-5-yl)ethanone Chemical compound C1C(CC2=CC=CC=C12)NC1=NC=C(C=N1)C=1C(=NN(C=1)CC(=O)N1CC2=C(CC1)NN=N2)OCC WWSJZGAPAVMETJ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 241001415961 Gaviidae Species 0.000 description 1
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- 238000007781 pre-processing Methods 0.000 description 1
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- 238000005096 rolling process Methods 0.000 description 1
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Images
Classifications
-
- G—PHYSICS
- G10—MUSICAL INSTRUMENTS; ACOUSTICS
- G10C—PIANOS, HARPSICHORDS, SPINETS OR SIMILAR STRINGED MUSICAL INSTRUMENTS WITH ONE OR MORE KEYBOARDS
- G10C3/00—Details or accessories
- G10C3/12—Keyboards; Keys
-
- G—PHYSICS
- G10—MUSICAL INSTRUMENTS; ACOUSTICS
- G10H—ELECTROPHONIC MUSICAL INSTRUMENTS; INSTRUMENTS IN WHICH THE TONES ARE GENERATED BY ELECTROMECHANICAL MEANS OR ELECTRONIC GENERATORS, OR IN WHICH THE TONES ARE SYNTHESISED FROM A DATA STORE
- G10H1/00—Details of electrophonic musical instruments
- G10H1/32—Constructional details
- G10H1/34—Switch arrangements, e.g. keyboards or mechanical switches specially adapted for electrophonic musical instruments
- G10H1/344—Structural association with individual keys
- G10H1/346—Keys with an arrangement for simulating the feeling of a piano key, e.g. using counterweights, springs, cams
-
- G—PHYSICS
- G10—MUSICAL INSTRUMENTS; ACOUSTICS
- G10H—ELECTROPHONIC MUSICAL INSTRUMENTS; INSTRUMENTS IN WHICH THE TONES ARE GENERATED BY ELECTROMECHANICAL MEANS OR ELECTRONIC GENERATORS, OR IN WHICH THE TONES ARE SYNTHESISED FROM A DATA STORE
- G10H2220/00—Input/output interfacing specifically adapted for electrophonic musical tools or instruments
- G10H2220/155—User input interfaces for electrophonic musical instruments
- G10H2220/221—Keyboards, i.e. configuration of several keys or key-like input devices relative to one another
- G10H2220/256—Keyboards, i.e. configuration of several keys or key-like input devices relative to one another foldable or rollable, e.g. for transport
-
- G—PHYSICS
- G10—MUSICAL INSTRUMENTS; ACOUSTICS
- G10H—ELECTROPHONIC MUSICAL INSTRUMENTS; INSTRUMENTS IN WHICH THE TONES ARE GENERATED BY ELECTROMECHANICAL MEANS OR ELECTRONIC GENERATORS, OR IN WHICH THE TONES ARE SYNTHESISED FROM A DATA STORE
- G10H2220/00—Input/output interfacing specifically adapted for electrophonic musical tools or instruments
- G10H2220/155—User input interfaces for electrophonic musical instruments
- G10H2220/265—Key design details; Special characteristics of individual keys of a keyboard; Key-like musical input devices, e.g. finger sensors, pedals, potentiometers, selectors
- G10H2220/311—Key design details; Special characteristics of individual keys of a keyboard; Key-like musical input devices, e.g. finger sensors, pedals, potentiometers, selectors with controlled tactile or haptic feedback effect; output interfaces therefor
-
- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y10—TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC
- Y10S—TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y10S84/00—Music
- Y10S84/07—Electric key switch structure
Definitions
- the present invention relates to the field of electronic music keyboard devices and the production of an assembly of flat modular actuators.
- a first object of the present invention is to provide a keyboard of an electronic music device having more flexibility of manufacture and use than the keyboards of the prior art.
- the present invention provides a modular keyboard.
- Another object of the present invention is to provide such an apparatus in which the keys are retroactive, that is to say oppose to the actions of the user a reaction of a nature chosen according to the type of function which one wishes to confer to the button.
- Another object of the present invention has therefore been to provide a particular flat linear motor which can be assembled in modular fashion with other motors.
- This motor, or modular actuator according to the present invention can of course find other applications than those of a musical instrument keyboard, and could for example be used in the field of robotics; in this context, we can use key couplings to create complex movements such as pinch and gripping movements to form a manipulator.
- each key is an element of a self-contained flat parallelepiped module comprising a motor, a position sensor and electrical connection means, each module includes means for fixing it to the adjacent module, and the keys are connected to a central processing unit to give them the desired response by action on the motor and for process sensor signals.
- each module comprises a plate or mobile arm identical for all the keys, this plate comprising means for interchangeably fixing thereon facings having the desired appearance, shape and dimension corresponding to a considered, original or classic instrument.
- the present invention provides for an assembly of flat linear actuator modules.
- Each module comprises: a flat moving coil mounted on slides allowing it to slide in its plane in a determined direction, means for supplying current to the coil, on each side of this coil and a means substantially thereto plate for applying a magnetic field in a direction orthogonal to the plane of the coil, this field being in a first direction in a first half of the surface occupied by the coil at rest and in the opposite direction in the second half, and spacing means for maintaining a constant distance between the means for applying the magnetic field.
- this assembly only one magnetic field application means is present between two coils, and closing means surround the extreme magnetic field application means.
- the magnetic field application means are permanent magnets in the form of plates oriented in opposite directions in each half surface.
- the magnetic field application means are flat coils oriented in opposite directions in each half surface.
- this assembly comprises identical support frames provided with spacing means with respect to neighboring frames, each frame comprising fixing means for carrying: a means for applying magnetic field, rods for guiding an adjacent flat moving coil, a position detector of said coil.
- each module is associated with an electronic card comprising means for preprocessing signals from the detector and means for amplifying control signals supplied in return by the central processor.
- these modules can be connected together in a simple manner, for example by snap-fastening or by fixing by rods and clamping.
- the trays or arms 2 can be provided with facings corresponding to the appearance of the keys musical instrument classics, for example a black key 4, a white key 6 and a joystick 8.
- the modular keyboard according to the present invention has the double advantage of being able to understand any number of keys but in addition that each key can be associated with a different function provided that the associated program is properly modified in the central processor to obtain the reactions corresponding to this type of key.
- FIG. 3 represents in an extremely schematic and simplified manner a type of motor suitable for producing actuator modules which can be used for example in a keyboard such as that illustrated in FIG. 1.
- This motor comprises means for creating a fixed magnetic field of shape plate, hereinafter called polarization elements, between which are arranged coils movable in translation in their plane.
- the voice coils receive a current determined by a central processor.
- Each polarization element is divided into two halves along a vertical plane, as shown in FIGS. 4A and 4B, so as to apply fields in each of these two halves in opposite directions.
- FIG. 4A represents the case where each polarization element comprises in its left part a magnet plate 10 whose north face is visible and in its right part a magnet plate 11 whose south face is visible.
- each plate could be divided into several elementary plates, for example 10-1 and 10-2 for the left part and 11-1 and 11-2 for the right side.
- FIG. 3 represents three polarization elements 14, 16 and 18 in the form of plates and three flat coils 20, 22 and 24.
- a closing plate of the magnetic field 26 for example a soft iron plate.
- a first closure plate 26 a polarization element 14 and then successive assemblies corresponding to each module comprising a movable flat coil 20 and a fixed polarization 16 then a second moving coil 22 associated with its polarization element 18.
- a field line closure plate similar to plate 26 will be placed behind this element 18.
- FIG. 3 shows that, except for the ends of the assembly, to add a module to an existing assembly, it suffices to add an assembly comprising a polarization element and a coil.
- the present invention provides elementary modules comprising, on a fixed chassis, provided with means of connection with the adjacent chassis, a support for a biasing element and a voice coil.
- FIG. 5 represents a perspective view a little more detailed than that of FIG. 3 but still very schematic of a set of two polarization elements 16 and 18 and of two moving coils 22 and 24.
- Each moving coil is linked to slides 30 and 31 capable of sliding on guide rods 32 and 33, these rods being, as will be seen below, secured to a chassis carrying a polarization element adjacent to the coil.
- a set of translation movement translation into rotation movement comprising a first arm 34 integral with the coil and moving from front to back and from back to front according to the direction of the current passing through the coil, and a second arm 35 articulated on an axis 36 also integral with the fixed frame of the polarization element associated with the coil considered.
- connection between the articulated arm 35 and the reciprocating arm 34 is made by a conventional connection system schematically designated by a part in an arc 38.
- the arm 35 is linked to a third arm 37 which therefore moves in rotation relative to the axis 36.
- This third arm 37 corresponds to the aforementioned plate or actuating arm of the module considered.
- the dimensions of the various elements of the system for transforming translational movement into rotational movement, in relation to the value of possible displacement of the coil along the guide rods, will for example be chosen so that a possibility of travel is obtained. in rotation of 10 ° relative to a rest position. It is on the arms or plates 37 that it will be possible to snap on or fix in another way chosen facings.
- FIG. 6 represents a front view of a schematic embodiment of a coil and of a magnetizing element mounted on a chassis to form an elementary module.
- the coil is designated by the reference 40 and its access terminals by the references 41 and 42.
- the polarization element comprises a plate 43 whose north face is visible and a plate 44 whose south face is visible so as to create opposite fields in the two vertical halves of the coil.
- the chassis 50 has a substantially flat rear face and comprises means for accommodating and locking, for example by force, the magnetization plates 43 and 44.
- the chassis comprises means 51, 52 and 53, 54 for fixing the guide rods 32 and 33 on which the moving coil 40 slides via the slides 30 and 31.
- a resistive strip 60 whose ends are secured to access terminals 61 and 62.
- this resistive strip can slide a short-circuit wiper 64 secured to the slide 31 so that the resistance between terminals 61 and 62 is representative of the position of the voice coil.
- projecting stops are provided to ensure a determined spacing with respect to the rear face of the adjacent chassis.
- lateral stops 71 to 74 and a central stop 75.
- the substantially planar rear face of the frames 50 will include notches intended, in cooperation with the stops 71 to 75 to be positioned relative to each other two successive chassis. Several chassis naturally "stick" to each other under the effect of magnetic attraction. It will however be preferable to provide passages for fixing rods or bolts.
- the field created by a voice coil should not have no influence on the adjacent coil. This will be the case if one ensures that the maximum field created by a coil when current flows through it does not exceed approximately one tenth of the field created by the polarizing elements.
- FIG. 7 schematically illustrates an example of matrix assembly.
- Coils B are arranged to undergo as previously the field of polarization elements grouping magnets of adjacent rows. However, it will be noted that here the concept of polarization element is not fixed as in the case of the linear assemblies previously described.
- FIG. 7 also schematically represents magnetic field closure plates 81-84, it being understood that the two plates 81 are connected by a magnetic path.
- the polarization elements instead of being permanent magnets could be flat iron core coils supplied with direct current, which constitutes a complementary adjustment means of the actuators making it possible to apply the same condition by modifying the field continuous of all polarization elements.
- the linear assembly could, with small variations in shape, be a ring assembly. It would then be useless to provide the closing parts magnetic field.
- the matrix assembly could be an assembly in concentric rings.
- the modular actuator according to the present invention has been described in its application to the creation of a keyboard.
- the actuator essentially serves to provide a reaction force to an action on a key on the keyboard.
- Another application of this actuator would be to make it actually act as a motor, for example in the context of robotic applications where it is often sought to bring together a large number of actuators in a small volume.
- FIG. 8 An example of such an association is illustrated diagrammatically in FIG. 8.
- keys 80 which correspond to the ends of the arms or plates designated by the reference 37 in FIGS. 5 and 6 and by the reference 2 in Figure 1.
- two keys 80-1 and 80-2 are associated by an arm 82.
- One end of the arm 82 is rotatably mounted on an axis 84 integral with the key 80-2 and extending the latter perpendicularly in the plane of the figure.
- the other end of the arm 82 is mounted on the key 80-1 by a set 86 (similar to the set 38 in FIG. 5) for transforming rectilinear movement into circular movement.
- This assembly 86 may include a plane 87 fixed to the key 80-1 and facing the key 80-2.
- a ball joint 88 consisting of a portion of cylinder of axis 84 rests against the plane 87.
- the plane 87 can be associated with the cylinder 88 by a cable fixed to the upper and lower ends of the plane 87 and making a loop around the ball joint, which results in a rolling without friction or friction of the ball joint 88 on the plane 87.
- a rod 90 mounted on the arm 82 its end 92 can move in a plane inside a contour 94 to move the keys 80-1 and 80-2 or on the contrary by being moved by them .
- the rod actuates the keys, it can be used to simulate the behavior of a joy stick with two degrees of freedom. It will also be noted that a movement with two degrees of freedom can constitute a simplified representation of the displacement of a violin bow.
- FIG. 9 very schematically illustrates the association of two assemblies of the type of that of FIG. 8 on the ends of keys 80-1 and 80-2, on the one hand, and 80-3 and 80-4, on the other hand go.
- the end 100 of the rod of the first assembly is designated by the reference 100 and by the reference 101 the end of the second assembly rod. Note that we can give these rods pinching movements for gripping objects.
Landscapes
- Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
- Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Acoustics & Sound (AREA)
- Multimedia (AREA)
- Reciprocating, Oscillating Or Vibrating Motors (AREA)
- Electrophonic Musical Instruments (AREA)
- Input From Keyboards Or The Like (AREA)
Applications Claiming Priority (2)
Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
---|---|---|---|
FR8814064 | 1988-10-13 | ||
FR888814064A FR2638010B1 (fr) | 1988-10-13 | 1988-10-13 | Clavier retroactif modulaire et actionneur modulaire plat |
Publications (2)
Publication Number | Publication Date |
---|---|
EP0365441A1 EP0365441A1 (fr) | 1990-04-25 |
EP0365441B1 true EP0365441B1 (fr) | 1993-07-28 |
Family
ID=9371343
Family Applications (1)
Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
---|---|---|---|
EP89420385A Expired - Lifetime EP0365441B1 (fr) | 1988-10-13 | 1989-10-10 | Clavier rétroactif modulaire et actionneur modulaire plat |
Country Status (6)
Country | Link |
---|---|
US (1) | US5107262A (ja) |
EP (1) | EP0365441B1 (ja) |
JP (1) | JP2730216B2 (ja) |
DE (1) | DE68907853T2 (ja) |
ES (1) | ES2044194T3 (ja) |
FR (1) | FR2638010B1 (ja) |
Families Citing this family (68)
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US5790108A (en) * | 1992-10-23 | 1998-08-04 | University Of British Columbia | Controller |
US5629594A (en) * | 1992-12-02 | 1997-05-13 | Cybernet Systems Corporation | Force feedback system |
US5734373A (en) | 1993-07-16 | 1998-03-31 | Immersion Human Interface Corporation | Method and apparatus for controlling force feedback interface systems utilizing a host computer |
US5805140A (en) | 1993-07-16 | 1998-09-08 | Immersion Corporation | High bandwidth force feedback interface using voice coils and flexures |
US20030040361A1 (en) * | 1994-09-21 | 2003-02-27 | Craig Thorner | Method and apparatus for generating tactile feedback via relatively low-burden and/or zero burden telemetry |
US6166723A (en) | 1995-11-17 | 2000-12-26 | Immersion Corporation | Mouse interface device providing force feedback |
US6100874A (en) | 1995-11-17 | 2000-08-08 | Immersion Corporation | Force feedback mouse interface |
US6704001B1 (en) | 1995-11-17 | 2004-03-09 | Immersion Corporation | Force feedback device including actuator with moving magnet |
US5825308A (en) * | 1996-11-26 | 1998-10-20 | Immersion Human Interface Corporation | Force feedback interface having isotonic and isometric functionality |
US6061004A (en) * | 1995-11-26 | 2000-05-09 | Immersion Corporation | Providing force feedback using an interface device including an indexing function |
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US8508469B1 (en) | 1995-12-01 | 2013-08-13 | Immersion Corporation | Networked applications including haptic feedback |
US6219032B1 (en) * | 1995-12-01 | 2001-04-17 | Immersion Corporation | Method for providing force feedback to a user of an interface device based on interactions of a controlled cursor with graphical elements in a graphical user interface |
US6028593A (en) * | 1995-12-01 | 2000-02-22 | Immersion Corporation | Method and apparatus for providing simulated physical interactions within computer generated environments |
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US6078308A (en) * | 1995-12-13 | 2000-06-20 | Immersion Corporation | Graphical click surfaces for force feedback applications to provide user selection using cursor interaction with a trigger position within a boundary of a graphical object |
SE519661C2 (sv) * | 1996-02-23 | 2003-03-25 | Immersion Corp | Pekdon och förfarande för markering av grafiska detaljer på en display med sensorisk återkoppling vid påträffande av nämnda detalj |
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US6281651B1 (en) | 1997-11-03 | 2001-08-28 | Immersion Corporation | Haptic pointing devices |
US6088019A (en) * | 1998-06-23 | 2000-07-11 | Immersion Corporation | Low cost force feedback device with actuator for non-primary axis |
US6211861B1 (en) | 1998-06-23 | 2001-04-03 | Immersion Corporation | Tactile mouse device |
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US6448977B1 (en) | 1997-11-14 | 2002-09-10 | Immersion Corporation | Textures and other spatial sensations for a relative haptic interface device |
US6707443B2 (en) | 1998-06-23 | 2004-03-16 | Immersion Corporation | Haptic trackball device |
US6697043B1 (en) | 1999-12-21 | 2004-02-24 | Immersion Corporation | Haptic interface device and actuator assembly providing linear haptic sensations |
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US20060272469A1 (en) * | 1998-09-04 | 2006-12-07 | David Meisel | Key actuation systems for keyboard instruments |
US6888052B2 (en) | 1998-09-04 | 2005-05-03 | David Meisel | Key actuation systems for keyboard instruments |
US6194643B1 (en) | 1998-09-04 | 2001-02-27 | David Meisel | Key actuation systems for keyboard instruments |
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US8169402B2 (en) * | 1999-07-01 | 2012-05-01 | Immersion Corporation | Vibrotactile haptic feedback devices |
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WO2001039169A1 (de) * | 1999-11-25 | 2001-05-31 | Ulrich Hermann | Einrichtung zur simulation eines druckpunktes in tastaturen für klavierartige tasteninstrumente |
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US6822635B2 (en) | 2000-01-19 | 2004-11-23 | Immersion Corporation | Haptic interface for laptop computers and other portable devices |
US6445284B1 (en) | 2000-05-10 | 2002-09-03 | Juan Manuel Cruz-Hernandez | Electro-mechanical transducer suitable for tactile display and article conveyance |
DE10031794C2 (de) * | 2000-07-04 | 2003-10-02 | Gallitzendoerfer Rainer | Klaviatur für elektronische Musikinstrumente |
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US9625905B2 (en) * | 2001-03-30 | 2017-04-18 | Immersion Corporation | Haptic remote control for toys |
FR2823328B1 (fr) * | 2001-04-09 | 2003-08-15 | Laurent Collot | Procede de simulation du toucher sur un clavier |
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US8059088B2 (en) | 2002-12-08 | 2011-11-15 | Immersion Corporation | Methods and systems for providing haptic messaging to handheld communication devices |
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US8830161B2 (en) | 2002-12-08 | 2014-09-09 | Immersion Corporation | Methods and systems for providing a virtual touch haptic effect to handheld communication devices |
US7283120B2 (en) | 2004-01-16 | 2007-10-16 | Immersion Corporation | Method and apparatus for providing haptic feedback having a position-based component and a predetermined time-based component |
FR2867539B1 (fr) | 2004-03-10 | 2007-05-25 | Inst Nat Polytech Grenoble | Dispositif de transformation cinematique |
US7439426B2 (en) * | 2005-02-15 | 2008-10-21 | David Meisel | Actuation system for keyboard pedal lyre |
US20100013613A1 (en) * | 2008-07-08 | 2010-01-21 | Jonathan Samuel Weston | Haptic feedback projection system |
US8542105B2 (en) | 2009-11-24 | 2013-09-24 | Immersion Corporation | Handheld computer interface with haptic feedback |
US8319089B2 (en) * | 2010-09-07 | 2012-11-27 | William Henry Morong | Oscillatory, magnetically activated position sensor |
US9582178B2 (en) | 2011-11-07 | 2017-02-28 | Immersion Corporation | Systems and methods for multi-pressure interaction on touch-sensitive surfaces |
US9245428B2 (en) | 2012-08-02 | 2016-01-26 | Immersion Corporation | Systems and methods for haptic remote control gaming |
Family Cites Families (14)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
GB390213A (en) * | 1931-10-03 | 1933-04-03 | J W Walker & Sons Ltd | Improvements in and connected with keys and keyboards or manuals of musical instruments |
US3499515A (en) * | 1967-12-11 | 1970-03-10 | Synergistics Inc | Modular electrical keyboard |
JPS503874B1 (ja) * | 1969-04-24 | 1975-02-12 | ||
GB1317782A (en) * | 1969-07-18 | 1973-05-23 | Canon Kk | Push-button key apparatus and arrangement thereof |
US3631472A (en) * | 1970-01-02 | 1971-12-28 | Sperry Rand Corp | Capacitive keying module and system |
US3698531A (en) * | 1970-10-26 | 1972-10-17 | Illinois Tool Works | Solid state switch |
US3740448A (en) * | 1971-04-12 | 1973-06-19 | Wurlitzer Co | Organ drop-in key assembly |
US3938642A (en) * | 1974-05-17 | 1976-02-17 | Jaap Van Rumpt | Magnetic key touch control |
US4359613A (en) * | 1981-03-16 | 1982-11-16 | Engineering Research Applications, Inc. | Molded keyboard and method of fabricating same |
US4500758A (en) * | 1983-07-05 | 1985-02-19 | Hewlett-Packard Company | Keyboard switch assembly having sensory feedback |
US4580478A (en) * | 1984-02-06 | 1986-04-08 | Bitronics, Inc. | Musical keyboard using planar coil arrays |
DE3436229A1 (de) * | 1984-10-03 | 1985-07-11 | Jacques Bono | Zerlegbare tastatur fuer klavierartige elektronische musikinstrumente |
FR2583542B1 (fr) * | 1985-06-14 | 1989-08-18 | Ministere Culture | Procede et dispositif pour simuler un objet materiel et ses interactions avec un utilisateur |
JPH0797272B2 (ja) * | 1987-08-07 | 1995-10-18 | ヤマハ株式会社 | 電子楽器の鍵盤装置 |
-
1988
- 1988-10-13 FR FR888814064A patent/FR2638010B1/fr not_active Expired - Fee Related
-
1989
- 1989-10-10 EP EP89420385A patent/EP0365441B1/fr not_active Expired - Lifetime
- 1989-10-10 ES ES89420385T patent/ES2044194T3/es not_active Expired - Lifetime
- 1989-10-10 DE DE89420385T patent/DE68907853T2/de not_active Expired - Fee Related
- 1989-10-12 US US07/420,242 patent/US5107262A/en not_active Expired - Lifetime
- 1989-10-13 JP JP1265299A patent/JP2730216B2/ja not_active Expired - Fee Related
Also Published As
Publication number | Publication date |
---|---|
JP2730216B2 (ja) | 1998-03-25 |
US5107262A (en) | 1992-04-21 |
JPH02222995A (ja) | 1990-09-05 |
FR2638010B1 (fr) | 1991-01-18 |
FR2638010A1 (fr) | 1990-04-20 |
DE68907853T2 (de) | 1994-03-17 |
EP0365441A1 (fr) | 1990-04-25 |
DE68907853D1 (de) | 1993-09-02 |
ES2044194T3 (es) | 1994-01-01 |
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