EP0325992B1 - Verfahren und Einrichtung zum Wiederherstellen des Spinnbetriebs nach einer Unterbrechung - Google Patents

Verfahren und Einrichtung zum Wiederherstellen des Spinnbetriebs nach einer Unterbrechung Download PDF

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Publication number
EP0325992B1
EP0325992B1 EP89100710A EP89100710A EP0325992B1 EP 0325992 B1 EP0325992 B1 EP 0325992B1 EP 89100710 A EP89100710 A EP 89100710A EP 89100710 A EP89100710 A EP 89100710A EP 0325992 B1 EP0325992 B1 EP 0325992B1
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EP
European Patent Office
Prior art keywords
spinning
bobbin
piecing
unit
yarn
Prior art date
Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
Expired - Lifetime
Application number
EP89100710A
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German (de)
English (en)
French (fr)
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EP0325992A1 (de
Inventor
Hans Raasch
Current Assignee (The listed assignees may be inaccurate. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation or warranty as to the accuracy of the list.)
Oerlikon Textile GmbH and Co KG
Original Assignee
W Schlafhorst AG and Co
Priority date (The priority date is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the date listed.)
Filing date
Publication date
Application filed by W Schlafhorst AG and Co filed Critical W Schlafhorst AG and Co
Publication of EP0325992A1 publication Critical patent/EP0325992A1/de
Application granted granted Critical
Publication of EP0325992B1 publication Critical patent/EP0325992B1/de
Anticipated expiration legal-status Critical
Expired - Lifetime legal-status Critical Current

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Classifications

    • D—TEXTILES; PAPER
    • D01—NATURAL OR MAN-MADE THREADS OR FIBRES; SPINNING
    • D01H—SPINNING OR TWISTING
    • D01H4/00—Open-end spinning machines or arrangements for imparting twist to independently moving fibres separated from slivers; Piecing arrangements therefor; Covering endless core threads with fibres by open-end spinning techniques
    • D01H4/48—Piecing arrangements; Control therefor
    • D01H4/50—Piecing arrangements; Control therefor for rotor spinning

Definitions

  • the invention relates to a method for restoring the spinning operation after an interruption at a spinning position of an OE spinning machine with the features of the preamble of claim 1 and a device for carrying out this method with the features of the preamble of claim 7.
  • the bobbin changer carries sleeves which are already prepared for spinning by having already wound an initial length of the thread. After this so-called starter spool has been clamped, the spinning takes place as if a thread break had occurred.
  • This system has been used very successfully so far. In the event of a batch change, however, there must be a predetermined amount of the yarn which is to be spun with the new batch. This specific amount of yarn has to be provided first. Only then can the starting bobbins be wound and only then is it possible to carry out the bobbin change or batch change at the individual spinning positions in succession.
  • the piecing and changing capacity of such a combined device is low, however, because during the removal of a thread break occurring during the spinning process, the bobbin changing unit must remain inactive, that is, it cannot operate at other spinning positions at the same time.
  • the change capacity is particularly low if the changer has a device for preparing the thread start on the finished package and the cycle time for a bobbin change is thereby extended. It is therefore often necessary to have several combined changing and piecing units working on one OE spinning machine, which is very complex and cumbersome.
  • the invention has for its object to develop this known method so that the change capacity can be increased and to propose a device for performing the method.
  • this object is achieved on the process side by the characterizing features of claim 1 and on the device side by the characterizing features of claim 7.
  • FIG. 2 to 5 show the devices shown in FIG. 1 at different times of the re-piecing.
  • the spinning box 6 containing a rotatable spinning element for example a rotor 6 ', contains a sliver 7 originating from a sliver can 7' and, after an OE spinning process, spins a thread 8 'which is drawn through an extraction tube 8 from the spinning box 6 is subtracted.
  • a feed drive 9 continuously pulls the sliver 7 into the spin box 6.
  • the fiber sliver is dissolved into individual fibers by means of a dissolving device (not shown here), which is driven by a dissolving drive 10.
  • the fibers collect again and reach the open end of the thread 8' rotating about its longitudinal axis.
  • friction rollers can serve as spinning elements in another configuration.
  • the drives 10 and 11 are designed here as whorls, which are driven by tangential belts 10 'and 11'.
  • the air serving in a known manner for fiber transport is extracted from the spin box 6 via a suction air connection 12.
  • the thread 8 ' is drawn off at a constant speed from the take-off shaft 13 with the aid of a pinch roller 14 resting resiliently on the thread and on the take-off shaft.
  • the thread guide 16 oscillates in the immediate vicinity of the bobbin 1, so that the thread 8 'is deposited on the bobbin 1 rotating in the direction of the arrow 1' in intersecting turns and layers.
  • the cheese 1 is pivotally held by a bobbin frame 18. It lies on the winding drum 17 and is driven by friction.
  • the piecing unit 23 has a trolley 24, the rollers 24 'of which are supported on the rail 25. Under the travel rail 25 there is a traverse 26 carrying suction air, which supplies the piecing unit 23 with suction air via a suction connection 27 which can be coupled. Busbars 28 supply the piecing unit 23 with electrical energy. At the lower end, the piecing unit 23 is supported by support rollers 29 against support rails 30 arranged on the spin boxes 6 of the individual spinning positions.
  • the piecing unit 23 has a first piecing program and, according to this first piecing program, switchable devices for spinning a thread 8 'returned from the cross-wound bobbin 1 to the spinning element 6' and a second piecing program and devices switchable according to this second piecing program for piecing one from a supply spool 33 to the spinning element 6 'Returned auxiliary thread 33a, as well as a thread break or its consequences of responsive switching means for starting the first piecing program and of a spool change or its prompting or its consequences of addressable switching means for starting the second piecing program.
  • a device 31 for rotating the cheese 1 is pivotally mounted on the housing of the piecing unit 23.
  • the device 31 consists of a pivotable arm, at the end of which there is a drive roller 31 '.
  • the drive roller 31 ' has a built-in motor and can be driven with the help of it rotating forward and backward.
  • a long frame lifter 32 is also pivotally mounted on the housing of the piecing unit 23. The frame lifter 32 is arranged so that it can grip under a handle 18 'of the coil frame 18 and thereby raise and lower the coil frame 18. With a side movement, he can also open and close the left frame arm.
  • a supply spool 33 is mounted on the housing of the piecing unit 23, which supplies an auxiliary thread 33a for piecing on the occasion of a package change.
  • the auxiliary thread 33a is clamped between a conveyor roller 34 and a pinch roller 35.
  • An investor 36 is connected through a branch line 27 'to the suction port 27.
  • the feeder 36 is also pivotally mounted on the housing of the piecing unit 23. It is hollow and therefore able to suck the auxiliary thread 33a on the conveyor roller 34 when it assumes the position shown in FIG. 1.
  • the feeder 36 can still up to swivel behind the right or rear sleeve receiving plate of the bobbin frame 18, wherein it guides the sucked-in thread so that the thread is gripped by the sleeve plate and, for example, is clamped between the sleeve plate and the sleeve.
  • the thread can be held on the take-off roller 39 by applying a pinch roller 40.
  • a puller 37 is pivotable about the pivot point 37a. It serves to pull down a thread sucked in by the suction nozzle 4 in order to insert it into a cutting and untwisting device 41 and into a thread feeder 42. For this purpose, the puller 37 pivots downward from an upper position into the position shown, taking the thread with it.
  • the feeder 36 pivots in a plane located far back on the housing of the piecing unit 23. He can therefore not easily pass an auxiliary thread 33a picked up on the conveyor roller 34 to the puller 37.
  • the auxiliary thread 33a is guided to the center for insertion into a thread feeder 42 and into a cutting and untwisting device 41. This is done by a guide lever 38, which can pivot from the rear to the center.
  • the cutting and untwisting device 41 has the task of cutting off the inserted thread and preparing the end of the thread for piecing, for example by pneumatic unscrewing.
  • the thread feeder 42 brings the thread end by a pivoting movement of the feeder arm 42 'into the suction area of the draw-off tube 8 of the spinning unit 6.
  • the thread is pulled by the take-off roller 39 of the piecing unit 23 brought down and returned to the normal running position at the spinning position. This is done by a transmitter 43 which is pivotable against the pulling action of a tension spring 44 about the pivot point 43 '.
  • the transmitter 43 At at its end the transmitter 43 carries a small roller 43a which is arranged axially parallel to the take-off roller 39 when the transmitter 43 assumes its rest position shown in FIG. 1.
  • the thread is pressed laterally from the take-off roller 39 onto the roll 43a of the transfer device 43 and at the same time the winding speed of the cheese 1 is increased somewhat.
  • the transmitter 43 is pulled against the force of the spring 44 in the direction of the spinning station.
  • the thread loop present between the spinning station and the piecing unit 23 is used up.
  • the suction nozzle 4 pivots against the package 1. After picking up the thread, the suction nozzle 4 pivots back so far that the puller 37 can grasp the sucked thread in front of the suction mouth 4 '(FIG. 5), in order for it to be pieced in normally insert the cutting and untwisting device 41 and into the thread feeder 42.
  • a bobbin changing unit 50 which can in principle be constructed as described in German Offenlegungsschrift 36 02 574, is supported with its changer running gear 51 on a changer travel rail 52.
  • the changer travel rail 52 is supported by hanging brackets 52 attached to the cross member 26 '.
  • Support rollers 53 of the bobbin changing unit 50 rest on a support rail 54.
  • the support rail 54 is fastened to the supports 20. Under the support rail 54, busbars 55 are attached, which supply the bobbin changing unit 50 with electrical energy.
  • a suction nozzle 56 serves to pick up the thread on the finished package 1.
  • the bobbin frame 18 is raised by means of the frame lifter 32 to such an extent that the package 1 loses contact with the winding drum 17 .
  • To seek out the It is driven against the winding direction by a bobbin drive 58.
  • the bobbin drive 58 is located on the inside of the suction nozzle 56.
  • the suction nozzle 56 also serves as an ejector for the fully wound cross-wound bobbin 1.
  • the bobbin frame 18 is opened by the bobbin changing unit, while the suction nozzle 56 swivels clockwise and thereby pushes the bobbin 1 out of the bobbin frame 18 until it reaches the bobbin conveyor belt 19 can roll.
  • the bobbin changing unit has a sleeve feeder 59 which is pivotable about the pivot point 59 '.
  • the sleeve clamp 59a of the sleeve feeder 59 is fed from a sleeve magazine 60, which according to the drawing contains at least four sleeves 60 ', a sleeve 2.
  • a sleeve feeder 59 By pivoting the sleeve feeder 59 clockwise, the new sleeve is inserted into the bobbin frame 18 after the cheese 1 has been removed.
  • the piecing unit 23 has switching means that are responsive to the bobbin change for starting the second piecing program, in which an auxiliary thread is used. These switching means consist of a sensor 67 which is able to detect a request button 66 protruding from the machine frame 20 'of the spinning station.
  • a signal transmitter 61 of the bobbin changing unit 50 presses on the end of the bobbin changing process on a switch 62 which is located at the spinning position.
  • the movement of the switch-on button 62 is transmitted to the request button 66 via a coupling 63, an angle lever 64 and a further coupling 65.
  • the sensor 67 recognizes the projecting request button 66 and has the piecing unit 23 stop at the spinning position and go into the park position.
  • the signal transmitter 61 is a switch coupled to a sequence control device (not shown here) of the bobbin changing unit 50, which is actuated by the sequence control device as soon as the bobbin change has ended.
  • the parts 62 to 65 represent an active connection which, in accordance with the signal transmitter 61, allows the request button 66 to respond as a further signal transmitter, which in turn establishes the active connection to the sensor 67.
  • the piecing unit 23 also has switching means which are responsive to a yarn break for starting the first piecing program, in which the yarn end is brought back from the package 1 and introduced into the spin box 6 for piecing.
  • These switching means consist of a further sensor 68 which is responsive to a further request button 71 projecting from the machine frame 20 '.
  • the request button 71 is connected to a thread monitor 70 by an operative connection 69, for example an electrical line. In the event of thread breakage, a surge of current goes through the active connection 69 to the request button 71, which then projects and can be detected by the sensor 68 when the piecing unit 23 approaches.
  • the sensor 68 causes the piecing unit 23 to stop in front of the relevant spinning station.
  • the piecing unit 23 goes into the park position and the sensor 68 starts the first piecing program, which is also described in more detail below.
  • Fig. 1 shows the spinning station after the normal spinning operation has ended.
  • the piecing unit 23 parks at random in front of the spinning station.
  • the bobbin changing unit 50 brought in is parked above the spinning station and is already ready to replace the package 1 with an empty tube.
  • the spinning process was automatically interrupted and the bobbin exchange unit 50 was requested. This was done in a way known in itself. There is, for example, the possibility of having the bobbin changing unit 50 stop in front of the spinning station in that the spinning station extends a bolt which at the same time also triggers the signal for the automatic bobbin changing unit 50 to act.
  • the spool change was explained above. After the bobbin change, the bobbin changing unit 50 extends the signal transmitter 61, which results in the pushing of the request button 66. This influences the sensor 67 and, if the piecing unit 23 happens to be already parked at the spinning position, piecing program no. 2 is started immediately.
  • the feeder 36 grasps the auxiliary thread 33a on the conveyor roller 34 and sucks it on. With the thread sucked in, it then pivots into the position shown in FIG. 2, the auxiliary thread 33a being transferred to the draw-off roller 39. By placing the pinch roller 40 against the take-off roller 39, the auxiliary thread 33a has been pinched. Thereafter, the guide lever 38 presses the auxiliary thread 33a towards the center so that the puller 37 can grip it from the position shown in solid lines in FIG. 2. When swiveling down, the puller 37 grasps the auxiliary thread 33a and takes it downward as a loop, as shown in FIG. 2. The conveyor roller 34 delivers the necessary thread length.
  • the auxiliary thread 33a is guided past the feeder 42 and the cutting and clamping device 41. Thereafter, the puller 37 pivoted from the position 37 'up again while the pinch roller 40 is opened slightly, so that the auxiliary thread 33a is held under tension by the suction effect of the feeder 36.
  • the auxiliary thread 33a then lies in the clamps of the thread feeder 42 and in the cutting and untwisting device 41, as shown in FIG. 2.
  • the auxiliary thread 33a is cut off on the cutting device. Its end is unraveled and turned up.
  • One thread end of the auxiliary thread 33a is thus already prepared for piecing.
  • the thread feeder 42 now pivots in the clockwise direction until it comes into the position shown in FIG. 3, the thread end can be released and pneumatically passed through the draw-off tube 8 to the spinning element 6 '. There, the thread end is placed on already existing or fed fibers, whereupon the thread can be withdrawn from the spinning box, because now the new thread formation has started, especially since the feed drive 9 has also been started.
  • Fig. 3 shows the piecing unit 23 in a position in which the sleeve 2 is clamped in the coil frame 18.
  • the feeder 42 has been pivoted against the draw-off tube of the spin box 6 and had brought the thread end of the auxiliary thread 33a into the suction area of the draw-off tube 8.
  • the take-off roller 39 had conveyed the auxiliary thread 33a back out of the feeder 36 in the direction of the spin box 6.
  • the piecing time has just been exceeded.
  • the thread end has connected to newly fed fibers and the take-off roller 39 now pulls the auxiliary thread 33a and the thread 8 argues spun onto it from the spin box 6 at a constant speed.
  • the thread 8 ⁇ is sucked off by the feeder 36.
  • Fig. 4 shows the position of the piecing unit 23 when applying the thread 8 ⁇ to the sleeve 2.
  • the frame lifter 32 holds the bobbin frame 18 raised so far that the sleeve 2 does not yet touch the winding drum 17.
  • the drive roller 31 ' drives the coil 2 in the direction of arrow 1', that is, in the winding direction.
  • the feeder 36, the continuously spun thread 8 ⁇ sucks, swings past the rear sleeve plate of the coil frame 18. As a result, the trailing thread 8 ⁇ comes into a position in which it can be gripped by gripping slots known per se on the sleeve plate.
  • the thread 8 ⁇ After the thread 8 ⁇ has been detected and begins to wind up on the sleeve 2, it is separated by a cutting device, not shown here, attached to the mouth of the feeder 36. The separated end, on which the auxiliary thread piece also hangs, is suctioned off.
  • the feeder 36 can be provided at its end with a contour which first guides the thread to the edge of the sleeve so that an initial reserve can form there. Then the thread 8 ⁇ is pressed down by the take-off roller 39 and delivered to the roll 43a of the transfer device 43. The thread loop is now used up by increased winding speed and as soon as this has happened, the frame lifter 32 releases the bobbin frame 18.
  • the piecing unit 23 can abandon its parking position and continue to another location.
  • the thread monitor 70 detects the thread breakage and extends the request button 71. Sensor 68 reacts to this, has the piecing unit stopped in front of the spinning position and starts piecing program No. 1.
  • Fig. 5 shows the piecing unit 23 in preparation for piecing after a normal thread break at the spinning position.
  • the frame lifter 32 has gripped the bobbin frame 18 and has lifted the package 1 from the winding drum 17.
  • the drive roller 31 'of the device 31 is located on the cheese 1.
  • the suction nozzle 4 had previously applied to the package 1 around the end of the thread take up and suck.
  • Fig. 5 shows that the suction nozzle 4 is already pivoted back and keeps the thread 8 8 tensioned.
  • the puller 37 can now swivel up into the position shown in dashed lines, slide past the tensioned thread 8 ′′′, then swivel back again and take the thread 8 ′′′ with it.
  • the thread 8 ′′′ is pulled out into a loop, as also shown in FIG. 5.
  • the thread 8 ′′′ lies on the take-off roller 39.
  • the pinch roller 40 is applied by pivoting down its pinch roller lever 40 'against the take-off roller 39, as shown in phantom in Fig. 5.
  • the puller 37 swings up again.
  • the thread loop slides into the thread feeder 42 and into the cutting and untwisting device 41.
  • the thread 8 ′′′ is now cut between the suction nozzle 4 and the untwisting device.
  • the new thread end is opened as described above for program no. 2 and thus prepared for piecing.
  • the feeder arm 42 'of the thread feeder 42 now pivots clockwise around its pivot point 42a and thereby carries the new thread end of the thread 8 ′′′ into the suction area of the draw-off tube 8 of the spin box 6.
  • the piecing now takes place in the same way as described above for program No. 2.
  • the thread is drawn off the take-off roller 39 and wound with the aid of the transmitter 43 onto the cheese 1, which is driven by the drive roller 31 'in the direction of the arrow 1'.
  • the thread is transferred to the spinning station in the manner specified above for program no. 2.
  • the piecing unit 23 can have a signal generator 49, which checks the coil frame 18 for the presence of an empty bobbin tube 2. There is an active connection 48 from the signal transmitter 49 to the switching means 67. As soon as the signal transmitter 49 detects an empty coil sleeve clamped in the coil frame at a spinning position, a signal goes to the switching means 67, which then causes the piecing unit 23 to stop in front of the spinning station and to start the second piecing program.
  • the signal for stopping the piecing unit 23 in front of the spinning station and for starting the second piecing program can be triggered, for example, when the spinning station receives an empty bobbin tube, either from the bobbin changing unit 50 or from the receiving bobbin unit and forwarded to a central computer of the OE spinning machine, which thereupon forwards this signal together with an identification signal to the piecing unit 23 so that the piecing unit 23 does not lose any time, can drive to the spinning station to be operated and can also immediately identify the correct spinning station.
  • the signal transmission between the OE spinning machine, spinning station, bobbin changing unit and piecing unit can take place without contact by means of optical or electromagnetic signals, variable electrical or magnetic fields or the like.
  • the signals can also be transmitted by making contact, for example with the aid of electromechanical switches.
  • a yarn length counter 47 can be arranged on the OE spinning machine or at the spinning station.
  • the yarn length counter 47 determines the accumulated yarn length, for example, by counting the revolutions of the winding drum 17.
  • the yarn length counter 47 automatically sets itself to zero, for example, and calls the bobbin changing unit 50 to change the bobbin in a manner not shown here.
  • a button 72 designed as a request button Signal generator which in turn acts on the switching means 67 of a passing piecing unit 23 in order to cause the piecing unit 23 to stop at the spinning position and to select the second piecing program.
  • Whether the piecing program starts immediately depends on whether the bobbin change has taken place in the meantime. Either the piecing program starts after a predetermined period of time has elapsed, or the start is initiated by one of the signal transmitters described above.

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  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
  • Textile Engineering (AREA)
  • Spinning Or Twisting Of Yarns (AREA)
EP89100710A 1988-01-23 1989-01-17 Verfahren und Einrichtung zum Wiederherstellen des Spinnbetriebs nach einer Unterbrechung Expired - Lifetime EP0325992B1 (de)

Applications Claiming Priority (2)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
DE3801964 1988-01-23
DE3801964A DE3801964A1 (de) 1988-01-23 1988-01-23 Verfahren und einrichtung zum wiederherstellen des spinnbetriebs nach einer unterbrechung

Publications (2)

Publication Number Publication Date
EP0325992A1 EP0325992A1 (de) 1989-08-02
EP0325992B1 true EP0325992B1 (de) 1994-07-27

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EP89100710A Expired - Lifetime EP0325992B1 (de) 1988-01-23 1989-01-17 Verfahren und Einrichtung zum Wiederherstellen des Spinnbetriebs nach einer Unterbrechung

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Country Link
US (1) US4920739A (ja)
EP (1) EP0325992B1 (ja)
JP (1) JP2792879B2 (ja)
DE (2) DE3801964A1 (ja)

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DE102004050738B4 (de) * 2004-10-19 2012-12-27 Rieter Ingolstadt Gmbh Verfahren zur Aufbewahrung und zum Austausch von Spulen zur Bereitstellung von Garn an der Wartungseinrichtung einer Textilmaschine und Textilmaschine
DE102012008691A1 (de) * 2012-04-28 2013-10-31 Oerlikon Textile Gmbh & Co. Kg Verfahren und Vorrichtung zum Betreiben von Arbeitsstellen einer Offenend-Rotorspinnmaschine
DE202016002001U1 (de) * 2016-04-01 2016-08-19 Joachim Uhing Gmbh & Co. Kg Bewegungsantriebssystem zum Steuern eines Rollringgetriebes
DE102017116302A1 (de) 2017-07-19 2019-01-24 Maschinenfabrik Rieter Ag Verfahren zum Betreiben einer Arbeitsstelle einer Spinn- oder Spulmaschine
DE102018007464A1 (de) * 2018-09-21 2020-03-26 Saurer Spinning Solutions Gmbh & Co. Kg Servicewagen und Verfahren zum selbsttätigen Versorgen von Spinnstellen einer Spinnmaschine
DE102019129499A1 (de) * 2019-10-31 2021-05-06 Saurer Spinning Solutions Gmbh & Co. Kg Offenend-Spinnmaschine sowie Verfahren und Steuereinrichtung zum Betreiben einer solchen Offenend-Spinnmaschine
DE102020110993A1 (de) * 2020-04-22 2021-10-28 Maschinenfabrik Rieter Ag Spinnmaschine mit einer Vielzahl nebeneinander angeordneter Arbeitsstellen sowie Verfahren zum Betreiben einer Spinnmaschine mit einer Vielzahl nebeneinander angeordneter Arbeitsstellen
DE102021108779A1 (de) 2021-04-08 2022-10-13 Maschinenfabrik Rieter Ag Verfahren zum Betreiben einer Spinnmaschine sowie Spinnmaschine

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CS224293B1 (en) * 1981-07-31 1984-01-16 Burysek Frantisek Method of and apparatus for restoring spinning process after an automatic bobbin exchange failure or on count change in open-end spinning machines
IT1210503B (it) * 1982-10-12 1989-09-14 Savio Spa Filatoi di tipo open-end.dispositivo perfezionato di riattacco filo e levata rocche per
GB2140553B (en) * 1983-05-24 1988-03-23 Rieter Ag Maschf Automat location system
GB2140042B (en) * 1983-05-20 1988-06-08 Rieter Ag Maschf Open-end yarn piecer
CS241603B1 (en) * 1983-10-17 1986-04-17 Pavel Vlcek Apparatus for communication of a spindless spinning unit with movable servicing apparatus
DE3602574C2 (de) * 1986-01-29 1997-06-12 Schlafhorst & Co W Kreuzspulen herstellende Maschine mit Vorrichtung zur Bildung einer Fadenendreserve auf einer fertig gewickelten Spule

Also Published As

Publication number Publication date
JPH026641A (ja) 1990-01-10
JP2792879B2 (ja) 1998-09-03
US4920739A (en) 1990-05-01
EP0325992A1 (de) 1989-08-02
DE3801964A1 (de) 1989-07-27
DE58908086D1 (de) 1994-09-01

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