EP0324160A1 - Procédé et dispositif pour la fabrication de boîtes avec un couvercle à charnière, munies d'une couronne, en particulier pour cigarettes - Google Patents

Procédé et dispositif pour la fabrication de boîtes avec un couvercle à charnière, munies d'une couronne, en particulier pour cigarettes Download PDF

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Publication number
EP0324160A1
EP0324160A1 EP88121662A EP88121662A EP0324160A1 EP 0324160 A1 EP0324160 A1 EP 0324160A1 EP 88121662 A EP88121662 A EP 88121662A EP 88121662 A EP88121662 A EP 88121662A EP 0324160 A1 EP0324160 A1 EP 0324160A1
Authority
EP
European Patent Office
Prior art keywords
collar
blanks
blank
conveyor
collar blanks
Prior art date
Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
Granted
Application number
EP88121662A
Other languages
German (de)
English (en)
Other versions
EP0324160B1 (fr
Inventor
Heinz Focke
Current Assignee (The listed assignees may be inaccurate. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation or warranty as to the accuracy of the list.)
Focke and Co GmbH and Co KG
Original Assignee
Focke and Co GmbH and Co KG
Priority date (The priority date is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the date listed.)
Filing date
Publication date
Application filed by Focke and Co GmbH and Co KG filed Critical Focke and Co GmbH and Co KG
Publication of EP0324160A1 publication Critical patent/EP0324160A1/fr
Application granted granted Critical
Publication of EP0324160B1 publication Critical patent/EP0324160B1/fr
Anticipated expiration legal-status Critical
Expired - Lifetime legal-status Critical Current

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Classifications

    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B65—CONVEYING; PACKING; STORING; HANDLING THIN OR FILAMENTARY MATERIAL
    • B65B—MACHINES, APPARATUS OR DEVICES FOR, OR METHODS OF, PACKAGING ARTICLES OR MATERIALS; UNPACKING
    • B65B19/00—Packaging rod-shaped or tubular articles susceptible to damage by abrasion or pressure, e.g. cigarettes, cigars, macaroni, spaghetti, drinking straws or welding electrodes
    • B65B19/02—Packaging cigarettes
    • B65B19/12—Inserting the cigarettes, or wrapped groups thereof, into preformed containers
    • B65B19/20—Inserting the cigarettes, or wrapped groups thereof, into preformed containers into boxes with hinged lids
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B65—CONVEYING; PACKING; STORING; HANDLING THIN OR FILAMENTARY MATERIAL
    • B65B—MACHINES, APPARATUS OR DEVICES FOR, OR METHODS OF, PACKAGING ARTICLES OR MATERIALS; UNPACKING
    • B65B19/00—Packaging rod-shaped or tubular articles susceptible to damage by abrasion or pressure, e.g. cigarettes, cigars, macaroni, spaghetti, drinking straws or welding electrodes
    • B65B19/02—Packaging cigarettes
    • B65B19/22—Wrapping the cigarettes; Packaging the cigarettes in containers formed by folding wrapping material around formers
    • B65B19/228—Preparing and feeding blanks
    • Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
    • Y10—TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC
    • Y10S—TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
    • Y10S493/00—Manufacturing container or tube from paper; or other manufacturing from a sheet or web
    • Y10S493/901—Rigid container
    • Y10S493/91—Cigarette container
    • Y10S493/911—Flip-top

Definitions

  • the invention relates to a method for producing collapsible folding boxes, in particular for cigarettes, wherein collar blanks are separated from a material web and placed individually on a cigarette block to be inserted into the folding box (cigarette group wrapped in an inner blank). Furthermore, the invention relates to a device for producing such hinged boxes.
  • Hinged lid packs also known as hinge-lid packs, are a widespread type of packaging for cigarettes.
  • the contents of the pack are a cigarette block, that is to say a cigarette group encased in an inner blank, in particular made of tin foil.
  • the fold Box consists of a box part and a hinged lid pivotally attached to a rear wall of the same.
  • a collar which partially protrudes from it and which extends in the region of a front wall and in the region of side walls of the box part and which is partially surrounded by the lid in the closed position of the hinged box.
  • the invention is concerned with the manufacture and processing of the collars within a packaging machine.
  • the procedure is such that collar blanks are successively separated from a correspondingly wide material web, in particular made of thin cardboard, and fed to the hinged boxes.
  • the union of the collar blanks with the hinged boxes expediently takes place in such a way that the collar blanks are each placed on a cigarette block and inserted with this into the partially finished hinged box.
  • EP-A-82 348 shows an example for feeding a collar blank to a cigarette block and for passing this unit on to a partially folded hinged box.
  • the invention has for its object to increase the performance of the packaging machine in relation to the provision of the collar or collar blanks without significantly increasing the mechanical and manufacturing outlay.
  • the method according to the invention is characterized in that, with the simultaneous production of two folding boxes in two adjacent production lines, the two collar blanks fed to a cigarette block at a time are separated from a single, common material web, a first of these two collars - Cut to size by moving it to one position in addition to the other collar blank to be processed at the same time and then the two adjacent collar blanks are then fed to the assigned cigarette blocks of the two production lines.
  • the method according to the invention is therefore based on a packaging machine or a packaging method in which the hinged boxes are manufactured in two lanes, that is to say in pairs. Nevertheless, for reasons of optimal space utilization, but also to simplify the device, only one material web is used for the collar blanks.
  • the material web is pulled off a bobbin.
  • individual collar blanks are separated from the material web one after the other and conveyed along a blank web to an intermediate station.
  • the successively arriving collar blanks are briefly stopped, whereby from the two collar blanks to be fed together to two cigarette blocks, the collar blanks that arrive first at the intermediate station are shifted sideways such that a pair of collar blanks together with the subsequent collar blanks Blanks aligned next to each other is kept ready in the intermediate station.
  • the two adjacent collar blanks are then transported in the original direction of movement - conveying direction on the blank path - into the area of a transverse feed path.
  • the collar blanks are now cyclically conveyed to a transfer station in the transverse direction and are handed over here in pairs to two cigarette blocks on adjacent packing lanes. In broad strokes, the collar blanks therefore perform a Z-shaped movement, with every second collar blank being brought into a sideways position in the intermediate station, so that two collar blanks lie side by side.
  • the device according to the invention consists of a blank conveyor for preferably continuously transporting the individual blanks after separation from the material web at a distance from one another, of a cross conveyor arranged in the area of the intermediate station for moving the second collar blank in each case, and of a feed conveyor for the cyclical transverse movement of aligned ones Cut to the transfer station.
  • cross conveyors and feed conveyors are designed as belt conveyors, in particular toothed belts, with drivers on the outside of a conveyor run.
  • the drivers are arranged at selected distances from one another in coordination with the conveying speed, so that this ensures the exact positioning of the collar blanks in the area of the transfer station.
  • the end positions of the collar blanks in the intermediate station as well as in the transfer station are determined by stops, some of which can be moved out of the movement path of the collar blanks in order to enable other collar blanks to be transported past.
  • hinged boxes for cigarettes or the like
  • collars are to be inserted into the hinged boxes. These consist of a collar front wall and two collar side walls.
  • collar blanks 10, 11, 12 with the typical plan that have not yet been formed into a collar are shown.
  • the collar blanks 10, 11, 12 are separated one after the other from a continuous material web 13 (thin cardboard).
  • the collar blanks 10, 11, 12 are subsequently formed in such a way that two collar blanks 10, 11 aligned next to one another are kept ready for transfer to two cigarette blocks 15, 16 in the area of a transfer station 14.
  • the present packaging machine is designed with two lanes. Accordingly, two hinged boxes are produced simultaneously on two adjacent production lines. Accordingly, two cigarettes each Ten blocks 15, 16 are passed through the transfer station 14 in parallel and synchronously on adjacent block tracks 17 and 18.
  • the material web 13 is passed through a separation station 19 with continuous conveying. The cutting of the collar blanks 10.
  • the material web 13 has the width of the collar blanks 10 ...
  • the individual collar blanks 10 .. are then transported by a blank conveyor 22, which is driven at a higher speed than the material web 13. This creates a sufficient distance between the successive collar blanks 10, 11, 12.
  • the blanking conveyor 22 in the present exemplary embodiment (FIG. 5) consists of pairs of conveyor rollers 23, 24.
  • the collar blanks 10 .. are conveyed by the blank conveyor 22 on a straight blank 25 to an intermediate station 26. This is defined by a stop 27 on which a conveying part of the respective collar cut 10 .. comes to rest.
  • two collar blanks 10, 11 are brought into a position lying side by side.
  • the first collar blank 10 is reached after reaching the intermediate station 26 (abutment 27) moved transversely according to arrow 28 into a sideways position (Fig. 2).
  • the subsequent collar blank 11 remains in the position due to its abutment against the stop 27.
  • the two blanks 10 and 11, which are now adjacent are simultaneously moved further according to arrows 29 and 30, that is, in the direction of the blank path 25, up to a transverse feed path 31.
  • the collar blanks 10, 11, 12 are now fed cyclically along the transverse feed path 31 to the transfer station 14 without changing their relative position.
  • the collar blanks 10, 11, 12 are moved in the region of the feed path 31 by a cycle corresponding to two collar blanks 10, 11.
  • the collar blanks 10, 11 are not moved directly into the transfer station 14 after reaching the feed path 31. Because of the spatial conditions, three collar blanks 10, 11, 12 are moved further per conveying cycle, the two collar blanks 10, 11 lying forward in the transport direction reaching the transfer station 14, while the collar blank 12 occupies an intermediate position.
  • the transverse transport of the collar blank 10 in the area of the intermediate station 26 is carried out by a cross conveyor 32, which in the present case is designed as a toothed belt 33.
  • a cross conveyor 32 which in the present case is designed as a toothed belt 33.
  • This runs over a drive roller 34 and a deflection roller 35.
  • the latter is mounted on a transverse support arm 36 which is connected via a bearing sleeve 37 to a machine frame 38 of the packaging machine.
  • the toothed belt 33 is supported above the plane of movement of the collar blanks 10, 11, ...
  • the collar blank 10 is conveyed into the sideways position by a lower conveyor strand 39.
  • the toothed belt 33 is provided with drivers 40 pointing outwards. These each capture a collar blank 10 laterally.
  • the toothed belt 33 is driven in cycles. After arrival of the collar blank 10 in the intermediate station 26, the toothed belt 33 is set in motion, one of the drivers 40 gripping the collar blank 10 and conveying it into the sideways position (FIG. 2).
  • the collar blanks 10, 11, 12 are transported parallel to the cross conveyor 32 by a feed conveyor 41.
  • the feed conveyor 41 is also designed here as a toothed belt 42, which runs above the movement path of the collar blanks 10, 11, 12.
  • a lower conveyor strand 43 is provided on the outside with drivers 44, each of which laterally grips a collar blank 10, 11, 12.
  • the distances of the drivers 44 from one another correspond to the distance between two collar blanks 10, 11 in the region of the transfer station 14.
  • the toothed belt 42 is driven by a path (220 mm) corresponding to two collar blanks 10, 11 with each conveying cycle.
  • the toothed belt 42 is also guided over a drive roller 45 and a deflection roller 46.
  • the latter sits at the end of a support arm 47, which is also connected to the machine frame 38.
  • the switching stroke of the cross conveyor 32 differs from that of the feed conveyor 41.
  • the drivers 40 of the toothed belt 33 are spaced from one another such that an idle stroke of 70 mm is initially driven at the start of a conveying cycle. This is followed by a working stroke, that is to say a transport stroke, taking a collar cut 10, of 110 mm.
  • a working stroke that is to say a transport stroke, taking a collar cut 10, of 110 mm.
  • the collar blanks 10, 11, 12 rest in the area of the intermediate station 26 and in the area of the feed conveyor 41 on a plate-shaped carrier track 48. This is on the Provide the top with grooves 49 and 50, the former for the entry of the drivers 40 of the toothed belt 33, the latter for the drivers 44 of the toothed belt 42. Outside the grooves 49, 50, the collar blanks 10, 11, 12 lie on the support track 48, are therefore promoted on a sliding basis.
  • a stop wall 51 is attached to the support track 48. In the area of the feed path 31, this passes into a side delimitation 52. On the opposite side, the support path 48 is provided with a flange 53 (FIG. 6) as a guide for the collar blanks 10, 11, 12.
  • a transfer conveyor 54 is provided for the movement of the collar blanks 10, 11 from the intermediate station 26 into the area of the feed conveyor 41.
  • This consists here of a pivotable shirring arm 55 with hook-shaped driver fingers 56, 57, each of which is assigned in pairs to one of the collar blanks 10, 11.
  • the driver fingers 56, 57 come to rest on the back of the collar blank 10, 11 at a distance from one another.
  • the shirring arm 55 and thus the driver fingers 56, 57 are moved by a crank mechanism in such a way that the driver fingers 56, 57 from the in Fig. 5; 4 shown starting position taking the two collar blanks 10, 11 into the end position shown with solid lines.
  • the driver fingers 56, 57 are then removed downward from the path of movement of the collar blanks 10, 11 and returned below them along the curved path 58 to the starting position.
  • An exact conveying stroke of the two collar blanks 10, 11 is defined by the movement path of the driver fingers 56, 57.
  • the stop 27 must during this transfer promotion of the collar blanks 10, 11 out of the movement path of the same be withdrawn.
  • the stop 27 is connected to the parallel rod core 60 via a stop holder 59.
  • the stop holder 59 is actuated by an eccentric drive 61, which is driven by a lower conveyor roller 24 of the blank conveyor 22.
  • the stop 27 thereby makes short, tilt-free up and down movements, the stop 27 being in the lower position below the path of movement of the collar blanks 10, 11.
  • the two stops are required for the two collar blanks 10, 11 to be aligned with the cigarette blocks 15, 16.
  • the collar blank 11 lying forward in the transport direction comes to rest against an end stop 62 of the feed path 31 (part of the supporting path 48).
  • a movable intermediate stop 63 is provided for the collar blank 10 in front of it. This is pivotally mounted above the feed path 31 on a pivot tab 64, which is actuated by a push rod 65, in such a way that the intermediate stop 63 can be moved out of the movement path of the collar blanks 10, 11 in the counterclockwise direction (FIG. 4). 3, the intermediate stop 63 is fork-shaped and thus acts outside the range of movement of the toothed belt 42.
  • the aligned collar blanks 10, 11 are transferred to the cigarette blocks 15, 16 in conjunction with a block stage 66 which can be moved back and forth.
  • the cigarette blocks 15, 16 rest temporarily on the latter before they are passed on to another conveyor (not shown).
  • the block platform 66 is laterally slidably mounted on support rods 67, 68. The block platform 66 is moved with the cigarette blocks 15, 16 below the collar blanks 10, 11 in the region of the feed path 31.
  • the two drivers 71, 72 are mounted on a support sleeve 73 which is pivotally mounted on a support shaft 74 below the block platform 66.
  • the support sleeve 73 is rotatably mounted on the support shaft 74 connected to the block platform 66.
  • a contact roller 75 is connected to the support sleeve 73 and runs on a rectilinear, stationary cam track 76.
  • the design of the curved rail 76 is selected so that the feeler roller 75, which is attached at a distance from the support axis 74, causes a rotary movement of the support sleeve 73 and thus a pivoting movement of the drivers 71, 72, specifically from the driver position shown in solid lines in FIG. 7 a position shown in broken lines below the plane of movement of the collar blanks.

Landscapes

  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
  • Wrapping Of Specific Fragile Articles (AREA)
  • Containers And Plastic Fillers For Packaging (AREA)
EP88121662A 1988-01-13 1988-12-24 Procédé et dispositif pour la fabrication de boîtes avec un couvercle à charnière, munies d'une couronne, en particulier pour cigarettes Expired - Lifetime EP0324160B1 (fr)

Applications Claiming Priority (2)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
DE3800664 1988-01-13
DE3800664A DE3800664A1 (de) 1988-01-13 1988-01-13 Verfahren und vorrichtung zum herstellen von einen kragen aufweisenden klappschachteln, insbesondere fuer zigaretten

Publications (2)

Publication Number Publication Date
EP0324160A1 true EP0324160A1 (fr) 1989-07-19
EP0324160B1 EP0324160B1 (fr) 1993-03-03

Family

ID=6345133

Family Applications (1)

Application Number Title Priority Date Filing Date
EP88121662A Expired - Lifetime EP0324160B1 (fr) 1988-01-13 1988-12-24 Procédé et dispositif pour la fabrication de boîtes avec un couvercle à charnière, munies d'une couronne, en particulier pour cigarettes

Country Status (7)

Country Link
US (1) US4938005A (fr)
EP (1) EP0324160B1 (fr)
JP (1) JP2723273B2 (fr)
CN (1) CN1013656B (fr)
BR (1) BR8900105A (fr)
CA (1) CA1299907C (fr)
DE (2) DE3800664A1 (fr)

Cited By (3)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
EP0432592A1 (fr) * 1989-12-09 1991-06-19 Maschinenfabrik Alfred Schmermund Dispositif d'emballage de cigarettes
EP0890512A1 (fr) * 1997-07-09 1999-01-13 G.D Societa' Per Azioni Procédé et installation pour l'alimentation de colliers pour paquets rigides de cigarettes a une ligne continue d'emballage
EP0994023A1 (fr) * 1998-10-14 2000-04-19 SASIB TOBACCO S.p.A. Unité d'alimentation/d'application pour composants pour la fabrication d'emballages, tels que des encarts, spécialement dans les machines d'emballage de cigarettes

Families Citing this family (17)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US5152737A (en) * 1991-01-16 1992-10-06 P.T.H.M. Sampoerna Improved innerframe and apparatus for producing an improved innerframe
DE4102005A1 (de) * 1991-01-24 1992-07-30 Focke & Co Verfahren und vorrichtung zum herstellen von klappschachteln mit kragen
IT1255032B (it) * 1991-05-17 1995-10-13 Focke & Co Dispositivo per staccare ritagli (a collare) da un nastro di materiale
DE4332810A1 (de) * 1993-09-27 1995-03-30 Focke & Co Verpackungsmaschine für die Fertigung von Zigaretten-Packungen
DE4404278A1 (de) * 1994-02-10 1995-08-17 Focke & Co Vorrichtung zum Formen von Zuschnitten für Klappschachteln mit insbesondere abgerundeten Längskanten
DE19602192A1 (de) * 1996-01-23 1997-07-24 Topack Verpacktech Gmbh Verfahren und Vorrichtung zum Überführen eines Kragenzuschnitts für eine Zigarettenpackung in eine Aufnahmetasche eines Verpackungsförderers
DE19636365A1 (de) 1996-09-06 1998-04-09 Focke & Co Klappschachtel sowie Verfahren zum Herstellen derselben
EG21600A (en) * 1997-07-09 2001-12-31 Reemtsma H F & Ph Blank for cigarette pack
GB9716899D0 (en) * 1997-08-08 1997-10-15 Rothmans International Ltd Machine and process for packaging smoking articles
DE10256370A1 (de) * 2002-12-02 2004-06-09 Focke Gmbh & Co. Kg Packung für langgestreckte Süßwaren sowie Verfahren und Vorrichtung zum Herstellen derselben
FI117505B (fi) * 2003-04-16 2006-11-15 M Real Oyj Menetelmä kääntökannellisen rasian valmistamiseksi
EP1645510A1 (fr) * 2004-10-07 2006-04-12 Philip Morris Products S.A. Procédé et dispositif pour la fabrication de paquets de cigarettes du type à couvercle articulé
ITBO20060215A1 (it) * 2006-03-29 2006-06-28 Gd Spa Macchina e metodo per l'impacchettamento di sigarette.
US7823847B2 (en) 2008-01-04 2010-11-02 Milestone Av Technologies Llc Display mount with post-installation adjustment features
EP2329645A4 (fr) 2008-09-02 2011-11-30 Milestone Av Technologies Llc Support extraplat pour dispositif d'affichage électronique à panneau plat
CN102273197B (zh) 2009-01-07 2014-10-01 里程碑视听科技有限责任公司 具有可调整位置倾斜轴的显示器支架
DE102013101118A1 (de) * 2013-02-05 2014-08-21 Focke & Co. (Gmbh & Co. Kg) Verfahren und Vorrichtung zur Herstellung von Zuschnitten für Kragen von Packungen für Zigaretten

Citations (2)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US3101164A (en) * 1960-05-17 1963-08-20 Donnelley & Sons Co Method of and apparatus for cutting and feeding wrappers for magazines
EP0082348A2 (fr) * 1981-12-19 1983-06-29 Focke & Co. (GmbH & Co.) Appareil pour introduire des groupes de cigarettes dans des paquets de cigarettes

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IT1001428B (it) * 1973-12-20 1976-04-20 Gd Spa Dispositivo di trasferimento e di predisposizione all utilizzo dei cosiddetti elementi interni o col letti nelle macchine condizionatri ci di sigarette in pacchetti rigi di del tipo a coperchio incerniera to
JPS517760A (en) * 1974-07-09 1976-01-22 Matsushita Electric Ind Co Ltd Denkisojikino kyujinryohochisochi
DE2440006C2 (de) * 1974-08-21 1984-06-28 Focke & Co, 2810 Verden Verfahren und Vorrichtung zum Herstellen von (quaderförmigen) Klappschachteln
DE2810586A1 (de) * 1978-03-11 1979-09-20 Focke Pfuhl Verpack Automat Verfahren und vorrichtung zum einfuehren von insbesondere zigarettengruppen in eine zigarettenpackung
DE3332950A1 (de) * 1983-09-13 1985-03-28 Focke & Co, 2810 Verden Verfahren und vorrichtung zum einhuellen von zigaretten-packungen in folien-zuschnitte
JPS6112807A (ja) * 1984-06-28 1986-01-21 Nippon Kokan Kk <Nkk> 高炉用炉口金物
DE3512611A1 (de) * 1985-04-06 1986-10-16 Focke & Co (GmbH & Co), 2810 Verden Verfahren und vorrichtung zum verpacken von insbesondere zigaretten

Patent Citations (2)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US3101164A (en) * 1960-05-17 1963-08-20 Donnelley & Sons Co Method of and apparatus for cutting and feeding wrappers for magazines
EP0082348A2 (fr) * 1981-12-19 1983-06-29 Focke &amp; Co. (GmbH &amp; Co.) Appareil pour introduire des groupes de cigarettes dans des paquets de cigarettes

Cited By (4)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
EP0432592A1 (fr) * 1989-12-09 1991-06-19 Maschinenfabrik Alfred Schmermund Dispositif d'emballage de cigarettes
EP0890512A1 (fr) * 1997-07-09 1999-01-13 G.D Societa' Per Azioni Procédé et installation pour l'alimentation de colliers pour paquets rigides de cigarettes a une ligne continue d'emballage
US6000196A (en) * 1997-07-09 1999-12-14 G.D Societa ' Per Azioni Method and unit for feeding collars for rigid packets of cigarettes to a continuous packing line
EP0994023A1 (fr) * 1998-10-14 2000-04-19 SASIB TOBACCO S.p.A. Unité d'alimentation/d'application pour composants pour la fabrication d'emballages, tels que des encarts, spécialement dans les machines d'emballage de cigarettes

Also Published As

Publication number Publication date
DE3800664A1 (de) 1989-07-27
JPH01240409A (ja) 1989-09-26
EP0324160B1 (fr) 1993-03-03
JP2723273B2 (ja) 1998-03-09
US4938005A (en) 1990-07-03
BR8900105A (pt) 1989-09-05
CA1299907C (fr) 1992-05-05
CN1036735A (zh) 1989-11-01
CN1013656B (zh) 1991-08-28
DE3878881D1 (de) 1993-04-08

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