EP0317731A1 - Procédé de contrôle de la combustion de carburant possédant un pouvoir calorifique fortement variable - Google Patents

Procédé de contrôle de la combustion de carburant possédant un pouvoir calorifique fortement variable Download PDF

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Publication number
EP0317731A1
EP0317731A1 EP88115680A EP88115680A EP0317731A1 EP 0317731 A1 EP0317731 A1 EP 0317731A1 EP 88115680 A EP88115680 A EP 88115680A EP 88115680 A EP88115680 A EP 88115680A EP 0317731 A1 EP0317731 A1 EP 0317731A1
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EP
European Patent Office
Prior art keywords
combustion
fuel
zone
determined
grate
Prior art date
Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
Granted
Application number
EP88115680A
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German (de)
English (en)
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EP0317731B1 (fr
Inventor
Kurt-Henry Dipl.-Ing. Mindermann
Franz Dipl.-Ing. Wintrich
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Individual
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Priority to AT88115680T priority Critical patent/ATE76957T1/de
Publication of EP0317731A1 publication Critical patent/EP0317731A1/fr
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Publication of EP0317731B1 publication Critical patent/EP0317731B1/fr
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Expired - Lifetime legal-status Critical Current

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Classifications

    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F23—COMBUSTION APPARATUS; COMBUSTION PROCESSES
    • F23N—REGULATING OR CONTROLLING COMBUSTION
    • F23N5/00—Systems for controlling combustion
    • F23N5/003—Systems for controlling combustion using detectors sensitive to combustion gas properties
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F23—COMBUSTION APPARATUS; COMBUSTION PROCESSES
    • F23G—CREMATION FURNACES; CONSUMING WASTE PRODUCTS BY COMBUSTION
    • F23G5/00—Incineration of waste; Incinerator constructions; Details, accessories or control therefor
    • F23G5/50—Control or safety arrangements
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F23—COMBUSTION APPARATUS; COMBUSTION PROCESSES
    • F23G—CREMATION FURNACES; CONSUMING WASTE PRODUCTS BY COMBUSTION
    • F23G2207/00—Control
    • F23G2207/10—Arrangement of sensing devices
    • F23G2207/104—Arrangement of sensing devices for CO or CO2
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F23—COMBUSTION APPARATUS; COMBUSTION PROCESSES
    • F23G—CREMATION FURNACES; CONSUMING WASTE PRODUCTS BY COMBUSTION
    • F23G2207/00—Control
    • F23G2207/20—Waste supply
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F23—COMBUSTION APPARATUS; COMBUSTION PROCESSES
    • F23G—CREMATION FURNACES; CONSUMING WASTE PRODUCTS BY COMBUSTION
    • F23G2207/00—Control
    • F23G2207/30—Oxidant supply
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F23—COMBUSTION APPARATUS; COMBUSTION PROCESSES
    • F23L—SUPPLYING AIR OR NON-COMBUSTIBLE LIQUIDS OR GASES TO COMBUSTION APPARATUS IN GENERAL ; VALVES OR DAMPERS SPECIALLY ADAPTED FOR CONTROLLING AIR SUPPLY OR DRAUGHT IN COMBUSTION APPARATUS; INDUCING DRAUGHT IN COMBUSTION APPARATUS; TOPS FOR CHIMNEYS OR VENTILATING SHAFTS; TERMINALS FOR FLUES
    • F23L2900/00—Special arrangements for supplying or treating air or oxidant for combustion; Injecting inert gas, water or steam into the combustion chamber
    • F23L2900/07003—Controlling the inert gas supply
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F23—COMBUSTION APPARATUS; COMBUSTION PROCESSES
    • F23N—REGULATING OR CONTROLLING COMBUSTION
    • F23N2221/00—Pretreatment or prehandling
    • F23N2221/08—Preheating the air
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F23—COMBUSTION APPARATUS; COMBUSTION PROCESSES
    • F23N—REGULATING OR CONTROLLING COMBUSTION
    • F23N2221/00—Pretreatment or prehandling
    • F23N2221/12—Recycling exhaust gases
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F23—COMBUSTION APPARATUS; COMBUSTION PROCESSES
    • F23N—REGULATING OR CONTROLLING COMBUSTION
    • F23N2225/00—Measuring
    • F23N2225/04—Measuring pressure
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F23—COMBUSTION APPARATUS; COMBUSTION PROCESSES
    • F23N—REGULATING OR CONTROLLING COMBUSTION
    • F23N2225/00—Measuring
    • F23N2225/26—Measuring humidity
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F23—COMBUSTION APPARATUS; COMBUSTION PROCESSES
    • F23N—REGULATING OR CONTROLLING COMBUSTION
    • F23N2241/00—Applications
    • F23N2241/18—Incinerating apparatus
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F23—COMBUSTION APPARATUS; COMBUSTION PROCESSES
    • F23N—REGULATING OR CONTROLLING COMBUSTION
    • F23N5/00—Systems for controlling combustion
    • F23N5/02—Systems for controlling combustion using devices responsive to thermal changes or to thermal expansion of a medium
    • F23N5/08—Systems for controlling combustion using devices responsive to thermal changes or to thermal expansion of a medium using light-sensitive elements

Definitions

  • the invention relates to a method according to the preamble of claims 1 and 2.
  • the control of the combustion in waste incineration plants, the combustion gases of which are usually passed through a heat exchanger in the form of a steam generator, is currently largely manual.
  • the operator observes the combustion process on the grate and varies according to parameters that influence the combustion process, such as the distribution of the primary combustion air supplied under the grate to the zones, the conveying speed of the fuel in the zones, and other such parameters.
  • the calorific value correlates only to a very limited extent with the density of the burning layer.
  • the primary object of the invention is to reduce the dead time in the control. Secondly, the combustion should also take place at different calorific values so that the garbage is really burned completely at the downstream end of the grate, which in turn allows a reduction in pollutants in the exhaust gases and a noticeable reduction in air consumption.
  • a first aspect of the invention is defined in claim 1. It is based on the knowledge that in most cases the water content of the fuel is a characteristic indicator of its calorific value; for fuels with low water content and low calorific value, such as rubble, glass, metals, it is advisable to also record the CO2 content of the combustion gases as early as possible; if necessary, the detection of only this Co2 content is sufficient.
  • control chains can of course be suitably supplemented to form closed control loops.
  • the bands for H2O and CO2 allow characteristic values for the temperature of the combustion gases to be derived, while the acquisition of further bands, such as SO2, NO x , CO etc., make predictions with regard to enables the pollution of the gases and thus allows the flue gas cleaning systems usually provided today to be set to Optima.
  • FIG. 1 shows the garbage feed chute 10, a feed device 12 in the form of a reciprocating slide, the grate 14 in the form of six rollers, which are arranged one behind the other, axially parallel, and the ash discharge 16.
  • the steam generator 18 provides in connection with the invention no special features.
  • Below the grate are primary air supply lines 20, each of which, as can be seen in FIG. 3, is subdivided into a "right” and a "left”, separately controllable half.
  • a pressure measuring device 22 is arranged in each of the first two air supply lines 20a, the measured value of which fluctuates depending on the throttling of the flow through the fuel in the layer lying above the first two rollers and thus allows its average density to be determined.
  • the fuel volume used can be kept somewhat constant by accelerating or decelerating the entry by means of a slide 12.
  • the first two rollers which define the evaporation and degassing zone, there are observation lances 26 in the walls 24 on both sides, at the outer end of which measuring sensors are provided with upstream filters and downstream electronic processing circuits.
  • the selection of sensors and / or filters is made.
  • the band radiation is interested in H2O, and / or CO2, at a relatively low temperature in the range of e.g. 300..500 ° C, and the opto-electronic devices must be bent accordingly. (The same applies to the observation of the combustion and the ashes, as a matter of course).
  • the lances are directed to the "right" or "left” side of the grate, so that both sides are detected separately; this cannot be seen in the section according to FIG. 3, which lies approximately in the plane 2-2, but this applies analogously to the observation lances in the further zones.
  • At least one pair of observation lances 28 is in the combustion zone above the middle two rollers of the Grate 14 attached, and at least one further pair of observation lances 30 is located above the burnout zone, that is, above the last two rollers.
  • the combustion process is observed via the lances 28, most advantageously in the flame front, while the lances 30 serve mainly to measure the temperature for the ash discharge.

Landscapes

  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
  • General Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
  • Combustion & Propulsion (AREA)
  • Incineration Of Waste (AREA)
  • Control Of Combustion (AREA)
  • Regulation And Control Of Combustion (AREA)
EP88115680A 1987-10-24 1988-09-23 Procédé de contrôle de la combustion de carburant possédant un pouvoir calorifique fortement variable Expired - Lifetime EP0317731B1 (fr)

Priority Applications (1)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
AT88115680T ATE76957T1 (de) 1987-10-24 1988-09-23 Verfahren zum steuern der verbrennung von brennstoff mit stark schwankendem heizwert.

Applications Claiming Priority (2)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
DE3736067 1987-10-24
DE3736067 1987-10-24

Publications (2)

Publication Number Publication Date
EP0317731A1 true EP0317731A1 (fr) 1989-05-31
EP0317731B1 EP0317731B1 (fr) 1992-06-03

Family

ID=6339018

Family Applications (1)

Application Number Title Priority Date Filing Date
EP88115680A Expired - Lifetime EP0317731B1 (fr) 1987-10-24 1988-09-23 Procédé de contrôle de la combustion de carburant possédant un pouvoir calorifique fortement variable

Country Status (7)

Country Link
US (2) US4895082A (fr)
EP (1) EP0317731B1 (fr)
AT (1) ATE76957T1 (fr)
DE (1) DE3871729D1 (fr)
ES (1) ES2031563T3 (fr)
IN (1) IN171926B (fr)
PT (1) PT88803B (fr)

Cited By (12)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
DE3825931A1 (de) * 1988-07-29 1990-02-01 Martin Umwelt & Energietech Verfahren und vorrichtung zur regelung der feuerungsleistung von verbrennungsanlagen
DE4301082A1 (de) * 1993-01-16 1994-07-21 Steinmueller Gmbh L & C Verfahren zur Zuführung eines O¶2¶-haltigen Verbrennungsgases in eine Verbrennungsanlage mit Rostfeuerung und Vorrichtung zur Durchführung des Verfahrens
DE4344906A1 (de) * 1993-12-29 1995-07-06 Martin Umwelt & Energietech Verfahren zum Regeln einzelner oder sämtlicher die Verbrennung auf einem Feuerungsrost beeinflussender Faktoren
EP0718553A1 (fr) 1994-12-22 1996-06-26 ABB Management AG Méthode pour combustion d'ordures
AT402555B (de) * 1992-09-04 1997-06-25 August Dr Raggam Verbrennungseinrichtung
EP0612961B1 (fr) * 1993-02-24 1998-04-29 RWE Entsorgung Aktiengesellschaft Procédé de détermination de propriétés caractéristiques de processus formant des radicaux
EP1046861A1 (fr) * 1999-04-19 2000-10-25 ABB Alstom Power (Schweiz) AG Procédé pour le réglage automatique de la combustion d'un incinerateur d'ordures
EP1048900A1 (fr) 1999-04-28 2000-11-02 ORFEUS Combustion Engineering GmbH Procédé et dispositif de contrôle de la combustion d' un combustible avec un pouvoir calorifique variable
DE102007055168A1 (de) * 2007-11-19 2009-05-20 Siemens Ag Österreich Verfahren zur Regelung einer Festbrennstoff-Befeuerungseinrichtung
WO2013107509A1 (fr) * 2012-01-18 2013-07-25 Heinrich Unland Système permettant de déterminer la valeur énergétique d'un combustible
WO2020252513A1 (fr) * 2019-06-21 2020-12-24 Technische Universität Wien Procédé d'analyse du fonctionnement et d'optimisation du fonctionnement d'installations d'incinération d'ordures
US12000587B2 (en) 2019-06-21 2024-06-04 Technische Universität Wien Method for analyzing and optimizing the operation of waste incinerator systems

Families Citing this family (14)

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Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US4962749A (en) * 1989-11-13 1990-10-16 Carrier Corporation Method of operating a natural gas furnace with propane
DE4215997C2 (de) * 1992-05-13 1995-09-07 Noell Abfall & Energietech Verfahren zur Regelung der Müllmenge bzw. der Müllschicht auf Verbrennungsrosten
US5339751A (en) * 1992-09-01 1994-08-23 Ash Grove Cement Company Apparatus and method for charging combustible solids into a rotary kiln
DE4308055A1 (de) * 1993-03-13 1994-09-15 Rwe Entsorgung Ag Verfahren zur Regelung thermischer Prozesse
IL114750A0 (en) * 1994-07-28 1995-11-27 Ormat Ind Ltd Method of and apparatus for efficiently combusting low grade solid fuel
US5388537A (en) * 1994-08-02 1995-02-14 Southern California Edison Company System for burning refuse-derived fuel
CA2205766C (fr) * 1996-09-12 2001-02-20 Mitsubishi Denki Kabushiki Kaisha Systeme de combustion et methode de regulation du fonctionnement
US6327897B1 (en) * 1997-01-24 2001-12-11 Mainstream Engineering Corporation Method of introducing an in situant into a vapor compression system, especially useful for leak detection, as well as an apparatus for leak detection and a composition useful for leak detection
RU2147393C1 (ru) 1999-04-29 2000-04-10 Закрытое акционерное общество "Вирис" Электропроводная ткань и способ ее изготовления
NL1014516C2 (nl) * 1999-06-04 2000-12-06 Tno Systeem voor het bepalen van procesparameters die betrekking hebben op thermische processen zoals bijvoorbeeld afvalverbranding.
NL1013209C2 (nl) * 1999-10-04 2001-04-05 Tno Regelsysteem voor een verbrandingsinstallatie, zoals bijvoorbeeld een afvalverbrandingsinstallatie.
US20080015826A1 (en) * 2004-09-20 2008-01-17 Jean-Christophe Ealet Method And Device Of Predictive Assessment Of Thermal Load For Solid Waste Incineration Plants
US8714970B2 (en) * 2009-09-21 2014-05-06 Kailash & Stefan Pty Ltd Combustion control system
JP7316234B2 (ja) * 2020-02-26 2023-07-27 三菱重工業株式会社 制御装置、制御方法およびプログラム

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EP0160884A2 (fr) * 1984-05-03 1985-11-13 Joh. Vaillant GmbH u. Co. Dispositif de réglage du rapport air-carburant d'une source de chaleur

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EP0039909A2 (fr) * 1980-05-09 1981-11-18 The Boeing Company Appareil de combustion à étouffement d'air
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DE3331625A1 (de) * 1982-09-03 1984-03-15 Hitachi, Ltd., Tokyo Diagnoseverfahren fuer den verbrennungszustand in einem ofen
US4492560A (en) * 1983-11-14 1985-01-08 Hardy Sundberg Gas combustion control apparatus
DE3514609A1 (de) * 1984-05-03 1985-11-07 Joh. Vaillant Gmbh U. Co, 5630 Remscheid Regeleinrichtung fuer das brennstoff-luftverhaeltnis einer waermequelle
EP0160884A2 (fr) * 1984-05-03 1985-11-13 Joh. Vaillant GmbH u. Co. Dispositif de réglage du rapport air-carburant d'une source de chaleur

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Cited By (14)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
DE3825931A1 (de) * 1988-07-29 1990-02-01 Martin Umwelt & Energietech Verfahren und vorrichtung zur regelung der feuerungsleistung von verbrennungsanlagen
AT402555B (de) * 1992-09-04 1997-06-25 August Dr Raggam Verbrennungseinrichtung
DE4301082A1 (de) * 1993-01-16 1994-07-21 Steinmueller Gmbh L & C Verfahren zur Zuführung eines O¶2¶-haltigen Verbrennungsgases in eine Verbrennungsanlage mit Rostfeuerung und Vorrichtung zur Durchführung des Verfahrens
EP0612961B1 (fr) * 1993-02-24 1998-04-29 RWE Entsorgung Aktiengesellschaft Procédé de détermination de propriétés caractéristiques de processus formant des radicaux
DE4344906A1 (de) * 1993-12-29 1995-07-06 Martin Umwelt & Energietech Verfahren zum Regeln einzelner oder sämtlicher die Verbrennung auf einem Feuerungsrost beeinflussender Faktoren
EP0718553A1 (fr) 1994-12-22 1996-06-26 ABB Management AG Méthode pour combustion d'ordures
EP1046861A1 (fr) * 1999-04-19 2000-10-25 ABB Alstom Power (Schweiz) AG Procédé pour le réglage automatique de la combustion d'un incinerateur d'ordures
EP1048900A1 (fr) 1999-04-28 2000-11-02 ORFEUS Combustion Engineering GmbH Procédé et dispositif de contrôle de la combustion d' un combustible avec un pouvoir calorifique variable
DE19919222C1 (de) * 1999-04-28 2001-01-11 Orfeus Comb Engineering Gmbh Verfahren zum Steuern der Verbrennung von Brennstoff mit variablem Heizwert
DE102007055168A1 (de) * 2007-11-19 2009-05-20 Siemens Ag Österreich Verfahren zur Regelung einer Festbrennstoff-Befeuerungseinrichtung
WO2009065726A1 (fr) * 2007-11-19 2009-05-28 Siemens Ag Österreich Procédé de régulation d'un dispositif de chauffe à combustible solide
WO2013107509A1 (fr) * 2012-01-18 2013-07-25 Heinrich Unland Système permettant de déterminer la valeur énergétique d'un combustible
WO2020252513A1 (fr) * 2019-06-21 2020-12-24 Technische Universität Wien Procédé d'analyse du fonctionnement et d'optimisation du fonctionnement d'installations d'incinération d'ordures
US12000587B2 (en) 2019-06-21 2024-06-04 Technische Universität Wien Method for analyzing and optimizing the operation of waste incinerator systems

Also Published As

Publication number Publication date
PT88803B (pt) 1994-01-31
ES2031563T3 (es) 1992-12-16
IN171926B (fr) 1993-02-06
US4895082A (en) 1990-01-23
PT88803A (pt) 1989-07-31
US4984524A (en) 1991-01-15
DE3871729D1 (de) 1992-07-09
EP0317731B1 (fr) 1992-06-03
ATE76957T1 (de) 1992-06-15

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