EP0283888B1 - Installation de téléphérage - Google Patents
Installation de téléphérage Download PDFInfo
- Publication number
- EP0283888B1 EP0283888B1 EP88103988A EP88103988A EP0283888B1 EP 0283888 B1 EP0283888 B1 EP 0283888B1 EP 88103988 A EP88103988 A EP 88103988A EP 88103988 A EP88103988 A EP 88103988A EP 0283888 B1 EP0283888 B1 EP 0283888B1
- Authority
- EP
- European Patent Office
- Prior art keywords
- cable
- clamps
- pulley
- haulage
- haulage system
- Prior art date
- Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
- Expired - Lifetime
Links
- 238000009434 installation Methods 0.000 title abstract 2
- 239000000725 suspension Substances 0.000 claims description 4
- 238000013016 damping Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000000694 effects Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000000463 material Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000000087 stabilizing effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000011144 upstream manufacturing Methods 0.000 description 1
Images
Classifications
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B61—RAILWAYS
- B61B—RAILWAY SYSTEMS; EQUIPMENT THEREFOR NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
- B61B12/00—Component parts, details or accessories not provided for in groups B61B7/00 - B61B11/00
- B61B12/02—Suspension of the load; Guiding means, e.g. wheels; Attaching traction cables
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B61—RAILWAYS
- B61B—RAILWAY SYSTEMS; EQUIPMENT THEREFOR NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
- B61B12/00—Component parts, details or accessories not provided for in groups B61B7/00 - B61B11/00
- B61B12/12—Cable grippers; Haulage clips
- B61B12/122—Cable grippers; Haulage clips for aerial ropeways
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B61—RAILWAYS
- B61B—RAILWAY SYSTEMS; EQUIPMENT THEREFOR NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
- B61B7/00—Rope railway systems with suspended flexible tracks
- B61B7/02—Rope railway systems with suspended flexible tracks with separate haulage cables
Definitions
- the invention relates to a cable conveyor system according to the preamble of claim 1.
- a cable conveyor of this type is known from US-A-2 591 680.
- the cable clamp which is attached to a chassis frame, is normally kept closed by a payload container supported in the chassis frame. Accordingly, the cable clamp is kept coupled with the pulling cable running below the load, as long as the weight of the payload container and its contents are absorbed by the chassis frame. Curves are provided in the stations which, by lifting the payload container relative to the chassis frame, also allow the jaws to be opened under the action of pre-tensioned springs. The payload container is lifted using rollers attached to it, which run onto the scenes.
- a cable conveyor system of this type is useful for material transport tracks with limited travel speeds.
- the object of the present invention is therefore to provide a cable conveyor system which at the same time ensures an increase in safety and comfort by improving stability and smoothness.
- the weight acting on the drives between them also acts stabilizing the pull rope.
- the mobility of the clamps in height makes it possible to change the height of the traction cable relative to that of the support cables, which is particularly important in the stations when the drives have to be separated from the traction cable or connected to it again. Due to the movable arrangement of the clamps relative to the drives, there is therefore no need to deflect the vehicles and only the relatively small clamp mass has to be moved.
- the drives according to the invention are preferably provided with supports for the traction cable, which are expediently arranged in front of and behind the cable clamps.
- the rope clamps are therefore relieved of the task of taking up the load of the slack pulling rope within the span and transferring it to the drives.
- the supports for the traction cable are preferably arranged on the running gear in such a way that the corresponding supporting forces are transmitted directly to the supporting cables via the rollers, if possible without stressing other parts.
- the orbit for example designed as a cable car, has a plurality of supporting ropes and at least one traction rope which is continuously rotating during operation.
- the suspension ropes being designated 1 and the suspension rope 2.
- the pull rope 2 is arranged centrally between the two support ropes 1, which are stretched horizontally at the same height and at a distance.
- the traction cable 2 runs in the tensioning fields over a plurality of rollers 4 of V-shaped intermediate supports, generally designated 3, which are clamped onto the support cables 1 from below and, on the other hand, rigidly connect them to one another.
- FIGS. 2-6 generally designates a vehicle of the cable conveyor system, the cabin 6 of which is supported on a carriage 8 via a hanger 7.
- the design of the drive 8, also according to the invention, is shown in more detail in FIGS. 2-6 and described in more detail below.
- a cross-sectionally longitudinal member 9 has its two ends adjacent and rigidly fastened to tabs 10, two pins 11 each, the axes of which all lie in a common horizontal plane.
- the pins 11 of both carrier ends each engage in an elastic element 12 or 12 ⁇ , which elements are arranged in a fork-shaped arm 13.
- Each of the two arms 13 is rigidly connected to a U-shaped cross member 14, however, the elastic elements 12 and 12 ⁇ allow limited movement of the cross member 14 in all directions relative to the side member 9 and in particular an independent pivoting of the cross member about the longitudinal axis of the side member 9.
- the parts 9 to 14 thus together form a frame 15 of the drive 8, which is twistable about an axis running in the longitudinal direction.
- rockers 17 and 18 are pivotally attached to each of the cross members 14 via axes 16, each of which has two rotatably mounted rollers 19.
- the pairs of rollers of each of the rockers 17 and 18 of a cross member 14 are arranged at the same distance from one another as the supporting ropes 1, or in the stations corresponding supporting rails 1 ⁇ (FIG. 4).
- the rockers 18 of the pairs of front rollers in the direction of travel have friction shoes 20 equipped, on which in the stations driven friction wheels 21, as indicated in FIG. 4, can be brought into effect in order to move or accelerate or decelerate the vehicles 5 uncoupled from the traction rope in a known manner.
- the fork-shaped arms 13 there is a further roller 22 on the inside of the two elastic elements denoted by 12 Die.
- the two rollers 22 represent auxiliary wheels of the vehicle 5 or drive 8 for cornering, in particular in the top or bottom station of the system and there cooperate with a deflection rail 23 (FIG. 4), which replaces the mounting rails 1 ⁇ in the curves.
- the drive 8 has two cable clamps 24 arranged in the longitudinal direction between the arms 13.
- Each of the cable clamps 24 comprises a clamp housing 25 in which two clamp parts 27 and 28 are pivotably mounted via an axis 26 passing through them.
- Each of the clamping parts 27 and 28 comprises a clamping jaw 27a or 28a, a curly clamping lever 27b or 28b which extends laterally beyond the rockers 17, 18 and an actuating roller 27c or 28c attached to the free end of the latter.
- the clamp levers 27 and 28 are designed as brackets, the clamp jaw 28a and the clamp lever 28b being arranged between the legs of the clamp lever 27b.
- a plate spring assembly 29 is arranged between the pair of legs of the two clamp levers, which is supported in an articulated manner on the lever 27b by means of a pin 27d and on the lever 28b by means of a pin 28d.
- this represents part of a toggle joint which is used in the opening or Closing movement of the clamping jaws 27a, 28a passes over a dead center position counter to the action of the plate spring assembly 29 applying the clamping force.
- the open position of the clamp parts 27 and 28 they rest on stops (not shown) on the housing 25.
- the cable clamps 24 are not rigidly but movably connected to the frame 15, the mobility being independent of the opening or closing movement of the clamping jaws.
- the terminal housings 25 are each articulated via a pair of tabs 25a, which are arranged on mutually facing sides, with a link 30 (FIG. 2), which in turn engages in two elastic bushes 31 by means of two rods 30a spaced apart from one another.
- the elastic bushes 31 are inserted at the same height on both sides of the vertical median plane of the vehicle in the cross members 14.
- the two cable clamps 24 can be moved axially and vertically to a limited extent independently of one another via the links 30 which can be deflected relative to the cross beams 14, the clamping jaws 27a, 28a, which embrace the traction cable 2 from below, open and close transversely to the vertical mobility. It remains to be added that between the links 30 and the clamp housings 25 or their pairs of tabs 25a, additional elastic elements, not shown, are switched on, which in the normal working position of the links 30 have the axis 26 of the clamping jaws 27a, 28a parallel to the longitudinal axis of the vehicle and thus to the traction rope Hold 2 to grasp the latter axially aligned during the closing process.
- each cable clamp 24 carries an adjustment roller 25b, via which the position of the same can be influenced.
- Actuating rails (not shown) are provided in the stations in order to open (or close) the clamping jaws 27a, 28a via the actuating rollers 27c and 28c. Downstream of the actuating rails provided for the opening in the direction of travel or upstream of those for the closing, a backdrop 36 begins in the stations, which, when the clamping jaws 27a, 28a are open, lowers the clamps 24 from the height range of the pulling cable 2 by means of the adjusting roller 25b takes off in this.
- the lowest position of the traction cable 2 with respect to the carriage 8 is defined by supports 32 which are rigidly attached to the cross members 14 and which transmit the resulting downward traction cable forces as directly as possible to the support cables 1 via the rollers 19.
- a cantilever 33 which projects laterally outwards is rigidly fastened approximately in the longitudinal center thereof and, as can be seen in FIGS. 4 and 5, is yoke-shaped.
- the boom 33 overlaps the adjacent support cable 1 at a distance and carries at its downward free end 33a a bearing bolt 34 which runs parallel to the pin 11 and which defines a pivot axis 34a of the hanger 7.
- a bearing eye 7a is attached, which is penetrated by the bearing pin 34.
- the yoke-shaped configuration of the boom 33 makes it possible to introduce the forces resulting from the load into the carriage 8 directly at the level of the supporting ropes 1, just as the traction rope 2 engages the carriage at this height.
- the hanger 7 can also be connected to the boom 33 via a damping element (not shown) such that pendulum movements of the cabin 6 about the pivot axis 34a are damped.
- the pulling rope 2 entering or leaving via hold-down or holding-up rolls runs parallel to the rails 1 ⁇ , with the decoupling of the vehicles or the opening of the clamping jaws 27a, 28a and in one in a first section on the entry side subsequent second section, the clamps 24 are moved into the lowered position shown in FIG. 4 by means of the links acting on the rollers 25b.
- the clamping jaws 27a, 28a can be guided past a rope guide roller 36 for the pull rope 2 without risk of collision, which is indicated in FIG. 4 and on which the rope can be deflected obliquely upwards over the revolving plane of the drives.
- the clamps are held in a rest position by the spring-elastic bushes 31 acting on the handlebars 30 until they are raised again to the level of the pulling rope 2 in the corresponding section of the exit area by a link.
- the two support cables could also be replaced by support cable pairs in order to increase the stability and / or the load capacity.
Landscapes
- Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Transportation (AREA)
- Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
- Forklifts And Lifting Vehicles (AREA)
- Ropes Or Cables (AREA)
- Organic Low-Molecular-Weight Compounds And Preparation Thereof (AREA)
- Insulated Conductors (AREA)
- Installation Of Indoor Wiring (AREA)
- Refuge Islands, Traffic Blockers, Or Guard Fence (AREA)
- Bridges Or Land Bridges (AREA)
- Carriers, Traveling Bodies, And Overhead Traveling Cranes (AREA)
- Lift-Guide Devices, And Elevator Ropes And Cables (AREA)
- Flexible Shafts (AREA)
- Laying Of Electric Cables Or Lines Outside (AREA)
Claims (11)
- Installation de téléphérique comportant des cabines , dont les trains de roulement (8) s'appuient sur deux câbles porteurs (1) espacés horizontalement et peuvent être accouplés, au moyen de pinces actionnables (24), avec un câble de traduction sans fin (2), de tracé situé entre les câbles porteurs, et dans laquelle des organes destinés à ouvrir et fermer les pinces de serrage sont prévus dans les stations, caractérisée en ce que les pinces (24) sont reliées de façon mobile aux trains de roulement (8) en hauteur, de façon indépendante de l'état de serrage de celles-ci, et présentent des moyens de réglage en hauteur (25 b), auxquels sont associés des moyens (36) de positionnement prévus dans les stations.
- Installation de téléphérique selon la revendication 1, caractérisée en ce que le câble de traction (2) est situé sur le côté supérieur des trains de roulement (8) et les pinces (24) de câbles saisissent ce câble de traduction à partir du bas.
- Installation de téléphérique selon la revendication 1, caractérisée en ce que les trains de roulement (8) comportent, en plus de premiers galets (19) destinés à l'appui sur les deux câbles porteurs (1), d'autres galets (22) disposés à peu près au milieu entre ceux-ci, destinés à l'appui sur un rail de changement de sens (23), de tracé incurvé, prévus dans les stations.
- Installation de téléphérique selon la revendication 3, caractérisée en ce que les trains de roulement (8) comportent un cadre (15), déformable en torsion autour de l'axe longitudinal.
- Installation de téléphérique selon la revendication 4, caractérisée en ce que le cadre (15) comporte deux supports transversaux (14) en forme de U, reliés entre eux par un support longitudinal (9), sur lesquels sont montés, à l'aide de bascules (17), (18) disposées sur les deux côtés, des paires de premiers galets (19) et en ce que l'axe de pivotement (34a) du pendant, situé à peu près à la hauteur des câbles porteurs (1), est prévu sur une console (33) en forme d'étrier, reliée de façon rigide au support longitudinal.
- Installation de téléphérique selon la revendication 5, caractérisée en ce que les bascules (18) de l'un des supports transversaux (14) portent des patins de friction (20), disposés sur les premiers galets (19).
- Installation de téléphérique selon l'une des revendications précédentes, caractérisée en ce que les pinces (24) sont reliées aux trains de roulement (8) au moyen de bielles (30), s'étendant à peu près selon la direction longitudinale de ceux-ci.
- Installation de téléphérique selon la revendication 5, caractérisée en ce que chaque train de roulement (8) comporte deux pinces (24) qui sont chacune reliées à l'un des supports transversaux (14) au moyen de bielles (30) dont le tracé correspond à la direction longitudinale du train de roulement.
- Installation de téléphérique selon la revendication 5 ou 7, caractérisée en ce que les pinces (24) sont en forme de leviers coudés et comportent chacune un boîtier (25) pourvu d'un galet de réglage (25b) et dont les mâchoires (27a, 28a) sont reliées à un galet d'actionnement (27c, 28c), les bielles (30) agissant sur les boîtiers.
- Installation de téléphérique selon la revendication 1, caractérisée en ce qu'il est prévu, dans les stations, des moyens de positionnement coopérant avec les pinces (24).
- Installation de téléphérique selon la revendication 9 ou 10, caractérisée en ce que les moyens de positionnement coopèrent avec les galets de réglage (25b) des pinces (24).
Priority Applications (1)
Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
---|---|---|---|
AT88103988T ATE68424T1 (de) | 1987-03-25 | 1988-03-14 | Seilfoerderanlage. |
Applications Claiming Priority (2)
Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
---|---|---|---|
CH114487 | 1987-03-25 | ||
CH144/87 | 1987-03-25 |
Publications (3)
Publication Number | Publication Date |
---|---|
EP0283888A2 EP0283888A2 (fr) | 1988-09-28 |
EP0283888A3 EP0283888A3 (en) | 1989-03-22 |
EP0283888B1 true EP0283888B1 (fr) | 1991-10-16 |
Family
ID=4203518
Family Applications (1)
Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
---|---|---|---|
EP88103988A Expired - Lifetime EP0283888B1 (fr) | 1987-03-25 | 1988-03-14 | Installation de téléphérage |
Country Status (8)
Country | Link |
---|---|
US (1) | US4957047A (fr) |
EP (1) | EP0283888B1 (fr) |
JP (1) | JP2717409B2 (fr) |
AT (1) | ATE68424T1 (fr) |
CA (1) | CA1284776C (fr) |
DE (1) | DE3865473D1 (fr) |
NO (1) | NO881357L (fr) |
SG (1) | SG16692G (fr) |
Cited By (1)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
AT414332B (de) * | 2001-01-29 | 2008-04-15 | High Technology Invest Bv | Seilbahn und laufwerk |
Families Citing this family (21)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
US5203646A (en) * | 1992-02-06 | 1993-04-20 | Cornell Research Foundation, Inc. | Cable crawling underwater inspection and cleaning robot |
FR2716660B1 (fr) * | 1994-02-25 | 1996-06-07 | Mdp Ingenierie Conseil | Véhicule de transport à cabines suspendues. |
AT402629B (de) * | 1994-03-23 | 1997-07-25 | Doppelmayr & Sohn | Anlage zum transport von personen und/oder von anlage zum transport von personen und/oder von gütern gütern |
DE4430984C1 (de) * | 1994-08-31 | 1995-09-07 | Sachtler Ag | Laufwagen |
NZ502388A (en) * | 1999-02-04 | 2000-03-27 | Konrad Dopplemayr & Sohn Masch | Installation for moving individuals from a mountain station into a valley station |
IT1310249B1 (it) * | 1999-09-24 | 2002-02-11 | Leitner Spa | Rulliera a doppio effetto per sostegni d'impianti a monofune, inparticolare seggiovie e cabinovie. |
IT1317222B1 (it) * | 2000-04-12 | 2003-05-27 | Leitner Spa | Dispositivo di serraggio automatico per impianti funiviari di tipobifune |
IT1316149B1 (it) * | 2000-11-27 | 2003-03-28 | High Technology Invest Bv | Impianto di trasporto a trazione di fune mossa continua con veicolidotati di morse di agganciamento disimpegnabile. |
EP1832490B1 (fr) | 2005-12-06 | 2011-05-18 | High Technology Investments B.V. | Pince débrayable pour porteurs d'une installation automatique de transport à câble |
JP4616825B2 (ja) * | 2006-12-28 | 2011-01-19 | 株式会社丸彰 | 空中ケーブルカー玩具 |
FR2911314B1 (fr) * | 2007-01-16 | 2009-03-27 | Pomagalski Sa | Systeme de balanciers multiples a galets de compression et de support d'un cable d'une installation de transport a cable aerien. |
FR2935945B1 (fr) * | 2008-09-16 | 2013-07-19 | Pomagalski Sa | Installation de telepherique. |
FR2957579A1 (fr) * | 2010-03-17 | 2011-09-23 | Denis Creissels Consultant | Installation aerienne de transport urbain |
US8196516B2 (en) * | 2010-09-15 | 2012-06-12 | Honeywell Asca Inc. | Rocker wheel system for scanner carriages |
IT1404665B1 (it) * | 2010-12-22 | 2013-11-29 | Rolic Invest Sarl | Impianto di trasporto a fune con almeno una fune traente e un carrello e relativo metodo di azionamento |
AT514815B1 (de) * | 2013-09-26 | 2016-05-15 | Innova Patent Gmbh | Seilbahnanlage zur Beförderung von Personen bzw. Gütern |
AT517873B1 (de) * | 2015-10-15 | 2019-04-15 | C D C Chain Drive Crane Gmbh | Seilbahnlaufwagen |
ITUB20155405A1 (it) * | 2015-10-20 | 2016-01-20 | Luca Maritano | Impianto a fune reclaiming, la risalita |
IT201700093739A1 (it) * | 2017-08-22 | 2019-02-22 | Ferruccio Levi | Funivia bifune automatica con doppia fune portante e singola fune traente, di tipo semplificato |
CA3079467C (fr) * | 2019-10-10 | 2023-03-07 | Dynamo Industries Inc. | Systeme de manege |
AT526508B1 (de) | 2022-12-20 | 2024-04-15 | Innova Patent Gmbh | Umlaufseilbahn |
Family Cites Families (20)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
US479920A (en) * | 1892-08-02 | pendleton | ||
US406928A (en) * | 1889-07-16 | Traction-gripper for cable railways | ||
DE367200C (de) * | 1923-01-18 | Max Busse Fa | Schnuraufziehvorrichtung fuer ortsfeste Federzuguhren | |
US479921A (en) * | 1892-08-02 | pendleton | ||
DE424258C (de) * | 1923-07-13 | 1926-01-22 | Adolf Bleichert & Co Fa | Drahtseilbahn mit stillstehendem Trag- und umlaufendem Zugseil |
US2591680A (en) * | 1945-06-08 | 1952-04-08 | Dachkevitch Vsevolod | Automatic cable gripper for suspended vehicles |
DE858706C (de) * | 1949-01-09 | 1952-12-08 | Arthur Zahn | Drahtseilbahn fuer besonders hohe Stundenleistung |
DE833195C (de) * | 1950-08-12 | 1952-03-06 | Krauss Maffei Ag | Niederhaltebuegel fuer das Luftseil bei insbesondere einseiligen Luftseilbahnen |
CH286312A (fr) * | 1951-01-10 | 1952-10-15 | Giovanola Freres Sa | Téléférique monocâble. |
CH367200A (de) * | 1958-02-25 | 1963-02-15 | Transporta Narodni Podnik | Kuppelvorrichtung zum Kuppeln von Laufwerken von Drahtseilbahnen mit einem Zugseil |
AT207892B (de) * | 1958-04-22 | 1960-03-10 | Pohlig Seilbahn Und Foerderanl | Klemmvorrichtung zur seitlichen Aufnahme des Zugseiles, insbesondere von Umlaufseilbahnen |
FR1249949A (fr) * | 1959-11-24 | 1961-01-06 | Const Aero Navales | Installation de téléphérage |
GB1142011A (en) * | 1965-02-16 | 1969-02-05 | Coal Industry Patents Ltd | Monorail systems |
US3854407A (en) * | 1973-04-04 | 1974-12-17 | Skytram Syst Inc | Aerial tramway vehicle drive and control system |
DE2450491C3 (de) * | 1974-10-24 | 1978-06-29 | Pohlig-Heckel-Bleichert, Vereinigte Maschinenfabriken Ag, 5000 Koeln | Sicherheitslaufwerk für Seilschwebe-Pendelbahnen |
JPS5842060B2 (ja) * | 1979-02-05 | 1983-09-16 | 日産自動車株式会社 | 懸垂車両のロ−リング静定装置 |
DE3109944C2 (de) * | 1981-03-14 | 1984-02-02 | PHB Weserhütte AG, 5000 Köln | Kuppelbare Umlauf-Drahtseilbahn zur Beförderung von Material, wie Schüttgut |
JPS6073659U (ja) * | 1983-10-28 | 1985-05-23 | 日本ケーブル株式会社 | 自動循環式索道の握索機 |
IT8423109V0 (it) * | 1984-09-14 | 1984-09-14 | Leitner Spa | Dispositivo perfezionato per il collegamento e l'aggancio automatico di veicoli alla fune traente di impianti di trasporto aereo. |
IT1187954B (it) * | 1986-02-21 | 1987-12-23 | Agudio Spa | Dispositivo per il collegamento automatico di un veicolo alla fune od a ciascuna delle due funi di una funivia a moto continuo |
-
1988
- 1988-03-14 AT AT88103988T patent/ATE68424T1/de not_active IP Right Cessation
- 1988-03-14 EP EP88103988A patent/EP0283888B1/fr not_active Expired - Lifetime
- 1988-03-14 DE DE8888103988T patent/DE3865473D1/de not_active Expired - Lifetime
- 1988-03-24 JP JP63070839A patent/JP2717409B2/ja not_active Expired - Lifetime
- 1988-03-24 CA CA000562323A patent/CA1284776C/fr not_active Expired - Lifetime
- 1988-03-25 NO NO881357A patent/NO881357L/no unknown
-
1989
- 1989-10-27 US US07/427,992 patent/US4957047A/en not_active Expired - Lifetime
-
1992
- 1992-02-20 SG SG166/92A patent/SG16692G/en unknown
Cited By (1)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
AT414332B (de) * | 2001-01-29 | 2008-04-15 | High Technology Invest Bv | Seilbahn und laufwerk |
Also Published As
Publication number | Publication date |
---|---|
CA1284776C (fr) | 1991-06-11 |
SG16692G (en) | 1992-04-16 |
NO881357D0 (no) | 1988-03-25 |
DE3865473D1 (de) | 1991-11-21 |
EP0283888A2 (fr) | 1988-09-28 |
JP2717409B2 (ja) | 1998-02-18 |
EP0283888A3 (en) | 1989-03-22 |
JPS63255167A (ja) | 1988-10-21 |
US4957047A (en) | 1990-09-18 |
ATE68424T1 (de) | 1991-11-15 |
NO881357L (no) | 1988-09-26 |
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