EP0279368B1 - Limiteur de température - Google Patents

Limiteur de température Download PDF

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Publication number
EP0279368B1
EP0279368B1 EP88102059A EP88102059A EP0279368B1 EP 0279368 B1 EP0279368 B1 EP 0279368B1 EP 88102059 A EP88102059 A EP 88102059A EP 88102059 A EP88102059 A EP 88102059A EP 0279368 B1 EP0279368 B1 EP 0279368B1
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EP
European Patent Office
Prior art keywords
operating
switch
base
transmission member
operating element
Prior art date
Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
Expired - Lifetime
Application number
EP88102059A
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German (de)
English (en)
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EP0279368A3 (en
EP0279368A2 (fr
Inventor
Robert Kicherer
Willi Essig
Heinz Petri
Current Assignee (The listed assignees may be inaccurate. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation or warranty as to the accuracy of the list.)
EGO Elektro Geratebau GmbH
Original Assignee
EGO Elektro Gerate Blanc und Fischer GmbH
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Application filed by EGO Elektro Gerate Blanc und Fischer GmbH filed Critical EGO Elektro Gerate Blanc und Fischer GmbH
Publication of EP0279368A2 publication Critical patent/EP0279368A2/fr
Publication of EP0279368A3 publication Critical patent/EP0279368A3/de
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Classifications

    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H05—ELECTRIC TECHNIQUES NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
    • H05B—ELECTRIC HEATING; ELECTRIC LIGHT SOURCES NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; CIRCUIT ARRANGEMENTS FOR ELECTRIC LIGHT SOURCES, IN GENERAL
    • H05B1/00—Details of electric heating devices
    • H05B1/02—Automatic switching arrangements specially adapted to apparatus ; Control of heating devices
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H05—ELECTRIC TECHNIQUES NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
    • H05B—ELECTRIC HEATING; ELECTRIC LIGHT SOURCES NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; CIRCUIT ARRANGEMENTS FOR ELECTRIC LIGHT SOURCES, IN GENERAL
    • H05B1/00—Details of electric heating devices
    • H05B1/02—Automatic switching arrangements specially adapted to apparatus ; Control of heating devices
    • H05B1/0202—Switches
    • H05B1/0216—Switches actuated by the expansion of a solid element, e.g. wire or rod
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01H—ELECTRIC SWITCHES; RELAYS; SELECTORS; EMERGENCY PROTECTIVE DEVICES
    • H01H37/00—Thermally-actuated switches
    • H01H37/02—Details
    • H01H37/32—Thermally-sensitive members
    • H01H37/46—Thermally-sensitive members actuated due to expansion or contraction of a solid
    • H01H37/48—Thermally-sensitive members actuated due to expansion or contraction of a solid with extensible rigid rods or tubes

Definitions

  • the invention relates to a temperature limiter according to the preamble of claim 1.
  • Such temperature limiters which can also be used generally as temperature switches, are used in particular where electrically heated devices, such as electric hot plates, radiant heaters of glass ceramic cooking units, oven muffles or the like. should be protected against overheating.
  • electrically heated devices such as electric hot plates, radiant heaters of glass ceramic cooking units, oven muffles or the like.
  • a temperature limiter for regulating or limiting the temperature of radiation or contact radiators of electric cooking appliances has become known, in which an outer tube made of insulation material is only provided as a protective tube and neither under pressure nor under tension is claimed, which is why it is in the generation of Switching signals not actively participating.
  • the temperature sensors according to FR-A-2 435 796 and according to EP-A-0 225 490 have no insulation outer tube at all.
  • a pipe made of insulation material of the temperature sensor according to DE-A-3 423 086 is constantly held under pressure by a compression spring acting on a rod within the base, since the inner rod loaded by the spring with tension has its outer end on the outer end of the Isolation pipe works.
  • the insulation tube consists of relatively brittle and therefore slightly brittle material, which on the one hand makes it difficult to introduce the compressive forces into its ends and on the other hand also leads to strength problems between the ends because the insulation tube is subject to bending. Therefore, in this embodiment, a relatively large diameter of the insulation tube is to be aimed at, and end caps are provided at its ends in order to introduce the compressive forces as uniformly as possible, which results in a very complex design with relatively large cross sections.
  • the temperature sensor for example when arranged on radiant heaters, causes retroreflection, which also increases with increasing diameter of the temperature sensor, local overheating of the heating resistors can occur with this retroreflection in the known design.
  • the requirement for a relatively small diameter is usually met in temperature sensors with a metal outer tube, but the electrical conductivity of this outer tube is disadvantageous in many applications, which is why an insulation protection tube must then be placed on the metal outer tube, which is a very complex design and again Increase in the diameter of the temperature sensor.
  • the invention has for its object to provide a temperature limiter of the type mentioned, which allows a very slim compact design of the temperature sensor with a simple structure and high reliability.
  • the arrangement can be such that the envelope surface defined by the outer surface of the outer tube represents the outermost boundary of the temperature sensor over its entire length, over which no parts at all over the largest part of its length extending to the extreme end of the temperature sensor, like end caps or the like protrude.
  • the inner rod is only loaded under pressure and can be relatively closely surrounded by the insulation tube, there is a very exact temperature-dependent movement of the inner end of the inner rod which is decisive for the switching process or operations.
  • the design according to the invention is suitable for those temperature limiters which have only a single switch, but in particular also for temperature switches which have two or more switching contacts, for example for different switching functions, as is the case where one switch as the circuit breaker has the power controls the heating to be switched, while a further switch as a hot alarm or signal switch switches a signal device which indicates whether the heated device has a temperature which is too high to be touched, for example above 60 ° C. or not.
  • rod sensors of any kind results from rod parts joined together by pressure force.
  • the adjacent rod parts expediently have different coefficients of expansion, so that the result is a structured inner rod that is held together only under the functional pressure forces, which ensures a very reliable transmission of the different elongations of the various rod parts.
  • the expansion rod sensor according to the invention can also be very easily installed, designed to be adjustable and stored in such a way that it can be changed in position, for example in an articulated manner, in relation to the heating in relation to the base.
  • Temperature limiters with two or more switching functions are mostly used for separate switching of two circuits, namely, for example, the heating power circuit and a signal circuit for displaying the hot state of this heating or an associated device zone, but both switching processes are influenced by a single temperature sensor. This makes it relatively difficult to design the arrangement in such a way that the switching points of the two switches can be precisely adjusted individually.
  • numerous electrical heaters such as electric hot plates, radiant heaters of glass ceramic cooking units, oven muffles or the like.
  • such an adjustment is often desirable in such a way that it can be carried out in a simple manner even after the temperature limiter has been installed.
  • the actuating member and the transmission member form a rotationally symmetrical, two-stage cylindrical component, the larger section of which is an annular actuating surface for one switch and the slimmer section with its end surface is a smaller actuating surface for the same direction forms the other switch.
  • the distance between these two actuating surfaces determines the adjustment for the switch further away from the temperature sensor and must be determined by grinding in before installing this component, after which a further adjustment is no longer possible.
  • the arrangement is such that when elongated of the inner rod of the temperature sensor, the contacts of the more distant switch are closed, the transmission element acting not directly on the snap spring of the associated snap switch, but on a relief spring that loads it to the open position, which prevents a safe and accurate switching function of this switch, also because of it Snap function is largely overridden.
  • the invention is further based on the object of creating a temperature limiter of the type mentioned, which also enables subsequent or at any time adjustment of the switching point of the switch further away from the temperature sensor.
  • This object is achieved with a temperature limiter of the type mentioned in that a distance change in two possible directions is provided for adjustment. Because, for example, the distance of the actuating element from the pressure rod can be adjusted with an adjusting member, the switching accuracy of the more distant switch can be very precise can be set.
  • An adjustment member belonging to the inner rod of the temperature sensor and therefore provided for adjusting the switch closer to the temperature sensor, and the adjustment member belonging to the actuating element can be in a simple manner approximately in an extension of the temperature sensor one behind the other, that is to say, for example, coaxially with one another, a particularly advantageous embodiment being provided if the parts of these adjusting elements, which are formed, for example, by actuating heads and are used for actuation, are directed away from one another and lie on mutually remote sides of the temperature limiter, that is to say, for example, on the outer end of the temperature sensor on the one hand and on the end of the base remote from it on the other.
  • the adjusting members can thus be easily accessible and be provided coaxially in such a way that all the forces to be transmitted by the temperature sensor occur as pure pressure forces and no bending forces are brought about.
  • actuator and the transmission member can be practically identical in shape or with the same cross-sections, which on the one hand significantly simplifies manufacture even when these two parts are composed of two separate, identical parts to form the common component are and on the other hand assembly easier, since both ends of this component can be arranged in the same way in both possible positions.
  • the temperature switch shown in FIGS. 1 and 2 which should preferably be used as a temperature limiter 1, has a base 2 made of insulation material that can be opened on its top or front side and can be closed with a plate-shaped flat cover 3.
  • Two switches in the form of snap switches are arranged directly adjacent to one another and one behind the other in the base, structurally or in terms of their outer dimensions.
  • switches can be used for any separate switching operations and are preferably provided as a circuit breaker 5 and as a signal switch 4 so that the power of the connected heating is switched off with the circuit breaker 5 above a predetermined temperature by adjustment, while with the signal switch 4 above one by adjustment predetermined, relatively low temperature of the heated device, a signaling device, for example a signal lamp, is switched on and is only switched off again when the temperature falls below this second temperature.
  • the base 2 is designed as a substantially closed housing, which surrounds the switch protected on all sides.
  • a rod-shaped, rectilinear temperature sensor 6 is attached to a base narrow side lying on the circumference of the flat rectangular base 2, which is substantially longer than the longitudinal sides of the base 2 parallel to its longitudinal direction and essentially parallel to the central plane lying between the front and the rear the base 2 is.
  • the temperature limiter 6 is located closer to the front than to the rear of the base 2, which is closed parallel to the front.
  • the temperature sensor 6 consists essentially of an outer tube 7, which is made of a high temperature-resistant material with a very low coefficient of thermal expansion, and which has in particular electrical insulating properties, preferably quartz glass, ceramic or the like. consists of and an inner rod 8, which is arranged in the outer tube 7 substantially without contact and has a much larger expansion coefficient than the outer tube 7.
  • the outer tube 7 and the inner rod 8 are each approximately cylindrical over their entire length, the outer diameter of the inner rod 8 being smaller than the inner diameter of the outer tube 7 by substantially less than half of this diameter, such that only a relatively narrow one is between these two parts Gap distance is given and the outer diameter of the relatively thick-walled outer tube 7 can be kept relatively small, for example in the order of the diameter of helical heating resistors, which has the heating assigned to the temperature limiter 1.
  • the inner end 46 of the outer tube 7, which is located at the base 2, is formed into a form-fitting member 47, which is formed in one piece with it and protrudes only radially outward, in the form of an annular flange which is thus formed in one piece with the outer tube 7.
  • This inner end 46 of the outer tube 7, which extends into the base 2, is essentially centered in a flange plate 10, which forms the entire associated narrow-side housing wall of the base 2.
  • This, made of metal flange plate 10 has an outwardly projecting, penetrated by the inner end 46 of the outer tube 7 approach, the form-locking member 47, the same or greater thickness than the flange plate 10, on the inside of this flange plate 10 immediately adjacent to Opening is present.
  • the transition of the form-locking member 47 into the jacket of the outer tube 7 is curved on the outside in cross-section in a partially circular shape and lies essentially over the entire area on the correspondingly convexly curved transition area between the opening and the inside of the flange plate 10, as well as the flat, annular end face the form-locking member 47 rests essentially over the entire area on the inside of the flange plate 10; this results in relatively low specific surface pressures.
  • the substantially oblong-rectangular flange plate 10 is provided at its ends associated with the long sides of the base 2 with U-shaped angled edge profiles, the U-legs of which are directed away from the flange plate 10 and are directed toward one another in holding slots 44 on the long sides of the base 2 by inserting the front of which interlock positively.
  • the inner end 48 of the consistently constant cross-section and thread-free and collar-free inner rod 8 is only slightly, namely only about the order of one to four times its diameter over the inner end surface of the outer tube 7 and is with a spherically curved end surface 49 in Center on the polygonal transmission surface 29 of a flat profile-shaped actuating member 32, which forms a one-piece component with a transmission member 9 adjoining its other end of approximately the same cross section.
  • the inner rod 8 With its outer end face 50, the inner rod 8 rests against an end face of an adjusting member 12, which is approximately axially aligned with it, under spring pressure, this adjusting member 12 being axially positively supported under this spring pressure only in the associated direction relative to the outer tube 7.
  • the end face 50 is shown as a flat end face and the corresponding end face of the adjusting member 12 as a spherical end face, but both end faces of the inner rod 8 can be of the same design, so that it can be inserted into the outer tube 7 with the same effect in both possible turning positions. If these end surfaces are spherical, the two counter surfaces provided for them are expediently flat, while these counter surfaces are expediently spherical if the end surfaces of the inner rod 8 are essentially flat.
  • the adjusting member 12, against which the inner rod 8 rests within the outer tube 7, is guided in a threaded sleeve-shaped intermediate member 51, which is also completely inside this outer tube 7 and has constant cross sections over its length and its outer width is smaller than the inner width of the outer tube 7, namely approximately the same as the outer width of the inner rod 8.
  • the outer end portion 52 of the outer tube 7 is narrowed in a truncated cone shape and thereby forms an inner, annular stop surface 53, against which the intermediate member 51 rests axially secured under the spring force with its outer end surface.
  • These interlocking surfaces are, for example, by flattening, claw profiles, self-locking conical design or the like. designed so that they lead to an anti-rotation of the intermediate member 51 relative to the outer tube 7.
  • the adjusting member 12 which is designed as a stud screw, projects over both ends of the intermediate member 5, its outer end being able to protrude from the outer tube 7 for easy access. To assemble the adjusting member 12, it only needs to be thrown into the assembly as an assembly with the intermediate member 51 through the inner end of the outer tube 7, after which it lies loosely against the stop surface 53 and is secured in this position by inserting the inner rod 8.
  • the two switches 4, 5 each have a multi-angled strip-shaped switch carrier 13 or 14 which is designed as a stamped and bent part and which is equipped with a snap spring 15, 16 formed by a leaf spring, which carries or forms a switching contact 17 at its free end.
  • the two identically designed, but oppositely arranged switch supports 13, 14, including their snap springs 15, 16, are arranged essentially mirror-symmetrically to a central plane perpendicular to the central axis 18 of the temperature sensor 6 or to their direction of actuation in such a way that the snap springs 15, 16 essentially on the opposite sides of the switch carrier 13, 14 are.
  • the switch contacts are associated with the housing-fixed counter contacts 19, 20, which are part of connection parts (not shown) projecting beyond the outside of the base 2, for example connecting plugs, or are electrically conductively connected to such connection parts.
  • connection parts not shown
  • Corresponding connecting parts or connecting plugs are also electrically conductively connected to the switch carriers 13, 14, these connecting parts being inserted into slots in the base 2 and thereby being able to form the fastening of the respective switch carrier.
  • the switch supports 13, 14 are, however, fastened in the base 2 with angled fastening lugs 45.
  • the transmission member 9 or the actuating member 32 which is made of electrically non-conductive insulating material, is not guided directly on the base 2, but is completely contact-free with respect to the base 2 and is only guided in that the transmission member 9 penetrates openings 54 in the switch carriers 13, 14, at least one of which these openings 54 are adapted to form a sliding guide to the cross section of the transmission member 9 and the openings 54 are perpendicular to the longitudinal direction of the snap springs 15, 16.
  • the transmission element 9 also completely passes through the switch 4, which is further away from the temperature sensor 6, and is coupled with its free end to a separate, sleeve-shaped actuating element 30 in such a way that it takes it form-fittingly directly with movements away from the temperature sensor 6, but even the associated actuating counterpart 31 of the adjacent switch 4 is not touched in the sense of actuation.
  • This actuating counter-element which is essentially formed by a snap-in spring shaped, partially circular cross-section, which projects in the direction of the actuating element 30 and is penetrated by the transmission element 9 essentially without contact in the area of a symmetrical opening, becomes actuation only touched by the actuating element 30, specifically in the region of at least one longitudinal limit of the opening which is narrower than the bead width. This contact takes place laterally outside the outer surface or the outer surfaces of the transmission member 9 and laterally outside of its wider outer surfaces.
  • the actuating element 30 and the transmission element 9 engage in the manner of a telescopic rod, preference being given to the actuating element at least partially, ie at least over part, the transmission element on the outer circumference extends over its circumference, so that the aforementioned operation of the switch 4 can be carried out in a very simple manner.
  • the actuating element 30 acting on the switch 4 in the direction of switching off is rigid in itself, so that the switching function is very precise.
  • the actuating element is applied with a return spring 40 without play against the transmission element 9, this spring 40, apart from the switch springs which only become effective when switched off, the only one on the actuating element 30, the transmission element 9, the actuating element 32, the inner rod 8 and that Adjusting member 12 is acting spring 40, which holds all these parts together in the manner of a structured pressure rod in each functional position under pressure without play.
  • the surface of the actuating element 30 acting on the transmission member 9 is provided on an adjusting member 34 in the form of a stud screw, which is screwed into a corresponding internal thread of the actuating element 30 so that its spherical end face facing the inner rod 8 lies in each adjusting position within the actuating element 30 and always protrudes over this end face a longitudinal section of the actuating element 30, in which the associated end of the transmission element 9 engages in a longitudinally guided manner and is secured against rotation in a form-fitting manner.
  • the actuating element thus has a longitudinal extent and lies approximately parallel to it, in particular in alignment, with the transmission element 9 and / or with the adjusting element 34, so that a very compact arrangement which works very precisely even with high switching numbers results.
  • the adjustment member 34 is due to the described design with a pressure surface, namely in particular with its end face, on a transmission surface 36, namely in particular on the associated end face, of the transmission member 9 in any position of the transmission member 9 without play.
  • This end surface 36 is suitably the same as that End surface 49 of the actuating element 32 is formed, so if necessary, namely, for example, with a flat design of the pressure surface of the adjusting member 34, can also be spherical.
  • actuating element 30 and the transmission element 9 are coupled to one another within the actuating element 30 also results in a position of the adjoining surfaces which determine the adjustment, namely the pressure surface and the transfer surface 36, which is protected against contamination, although the actuation element 30 could be prevented from rotating also take place with respect to the base, but there is a substantially lower-friction arrangement if the longitudinal guide is provided between the actuating element 30 and the transmission element 9.
  • the actuating element 30 is guided by two measures, namely on the one hand by the suspension on the spring 40 and by guidance in a bearing plate 55, it being conceivable to provide only one of the two measures alone.
  • the guide in the bearing plate 55 forms a sliding guide with respect to the base 2 and is preferably formed in that a cylindrical end section 56 of the adjusting member 34 protruding above the actuating element 30 and held free of thread as a sliding pin engages in a centered manner in a bearing opening 57 of the bearing plate 55.
  • the bearing plate 55 located at a distance from the associated end of the actuating element 30 forms the bearing opening 57 with a shoulder directed away from the actuating element 30.
  • the bearing plate 55 is inserted with edge zones lying on both sides from the front of the base 2 into opposite slots in the associated housing inner surfaces of this base 2 and is secured in the assembled position by the inside of the housing cover 3 resting against it.
  • the bearing plate 55, the bearing opening 57 is closed by the end section 56, also forms a closure plate for the housing interior or a corresponding housing wall on the associated side of the base 2 and is expediently made of approximately the same thickness of sheet metal as the flange plate 10. Characterized in that the housing interior of the base 2 is closed on two opposite narrow sides on the one hand by the flange plate 10 and on the other hand by the bearing plate 55, there is also a very simple manufacture of the base 2 from insulating material.
  • a certain storage and guidance of the actuating element 30 by the return spring 40 results from the fact that the return spring 40, which is in particular approximately axially aligned with the transmission element 9, and which is designed as a truncated cone-shaped helical compression spring, has a narrowed annular end both essentially at the circumference and at an outwardly projecting collar 58 of the actuating element 30 abuts, this collar 58 being provided approximately in the middle of the length of the actuating element 30.
  • the other, extended end of the return spring 40 is expediently on the inside of the bearing plate 55, so that a separate abutment is not required.
  • the actuating element 30 is therefore arranged in a contact-free manner with respect to base-fixed surfaces apart from its connection to the adjusting member 34 or the return spring 40.
  • the actuating element 30 On the side of the collar 58 facing the temperature sensor 6, the actuating element 30 is provided with a longitudinal slot 59 penetrating it on two diametrically opposite sides, the width of which is adapted to the profile thickness of the flat rectangular cross section of the end section 26 or of the transmission member 9, whereby the inside width of the actuator 30 smaller than and the outer width is approximately the same size as the larger profile width of the end portion 26 compared to the profile thickness, so that it engages in both opposite parts of the longitudinal slot 59 guided.
  • the actuating element 30 and the actuating member 32 lie one behind the other due to the design described in the longitudinal direction of the transmission member 9 and have two actuating surfaces 60, 61 facing each other.
  • the actuating surface 60 of the actuating element 30 is formed by the sleeve end surface lying on both sides of the longitudinal slot 59, that is to say penetrated by the longitudinal slot 59, while the actuating surface 61 of the actuating member 32 is formed by a shoulder surface projecting approximately the same radially as the actuating surface 60. Since the transmission element 9 or the actuating element 32 is guided against rotation in at least one of the switch carriers 13, 14 by means of a form-fitting sliding guide, the actuating element 30 is also arranged against rotation with respect to the base.
  • the transmission element 9 or the actuating element 32 can also have a cross-section other than a flat rectangular one, namely, for example, a long, square or similar cross-section, but in order to be able to be arranged essentially symmetrically to a common central axis and to have at least approximately the same or To be able to have identical cross sections, at least partially cross sections that deviate from circular cross sections, that is to say that they have radial extensions of different sizes in the circumferential direction.
  • projecting actuating surfaces 61 of the actuating element 32 can be created in a simple manner in that the latter and the transmission element 9 are arranged rotated relative to one another by a certain angle about the common longitudinal axis, that is to say they are not aligned with one another with regard to their cross sections. Nevertheless, the transmission link 9 and Actuating element 32 have approximately the same maximum radial extensions with respect to a common central axis, so that a very space-saving arrangement is possible.
  • the transmission member 9 and the actuator 32 are oriented rotated 90 ° relative to each other, so that the actuating surfaces 61 protrude on both sides over the flat sides of the transmission member 9, while the latter protrudes with its narrow sides over the flat sides of the actuator 32 in the same way.
  • the transmission element 9a and the actuating element 32a which form a common component 62, can also be of the same length in such a way that their transmission surfaces 36a, 29a are at equal longitudinal distances from the center of the length of this component 62, that is to say from it Transverse median plane 63.
  • the end surfaces of the transmission element 9a and the actuating element 32a facing away from the transmission surfaces 29a, 36a are also symmetrical to the transverse central plane 63, namely in this, so that both end surfaces can optionally be used as the actuating surface 61a.
  • the component 62 can thus be mounted as a reversible component in two arrangements that are rotated by 180 ° relative to one another in the base 2, so that there is no need to pay attention to a special position, which makes automatic assembly much easier.
  • the transmission member 9a and the actuator 32a are in a longitudinal view symmetrical to each other, so that each of these two parts protrudes equally far over the other on both sides.
  • the transmission element 9b is slightly offset from the center of the other component, namely the actuating element 32b, so that the latter further than over a flat side of the transmission element 9b whose other side protrudes.
  • the arrangement is there Appropriately taken so that the actuator 32b is offset from the side of the base 2, on which the switch contacts 17 lie, so that it takes up less space on this side and the housing interior can be made correspondingly narrower.
  • FIGS. 3 to 8 are used in FIGS. 3 to 8 for corresponding parts as in the other figures, but with different letter indices.
  • the design described creates a temperature switch in which the switch 4 is secured against excessive stress due to overpressure, since the actuating element 30 is effective only in the return path, that is to say with a decreasing sensor temperature, and otherwise, namely when the switch 4 is switched on, this switch 4 releases unencumbered.
  • the training according to the invention has significant advantages.
  • an adjustability of the mutual distance between the actuating surfaces is not provided and practically also not possible because, on the one hand, there is no constant contact of the actuating element with the associated actuating counterpart and, on the other hand, because the actuating surfaces point in the same direction, such that the actuating surface of the actuating element press the associated signal switch at too high a temperature and thus at least misalign it if it cannot damage it.
  • the inner rod is not connected to the outer tube as a compression rod, but as a tension rod, which entails a complex construction and the disadvantage that the switching accuracy also depends on the reliability of the inner rod under tension depending spring.
  • the switches can be arranged one behind the other and actuated so directly that inaccuracies due to internal deformations are largely excluded, although in this known solution both switches can be adjusted directly.
  • the outer tube 7c which is designed as an insulation tube, can be articulated in all directions within a narrow swivel angle about at least one axis intersecting its central axis 18a approximately at right angles, preferably about an articulation point approximately in its central axis 18c, so that it is at Can avoid overloads and must also be aligned very precisely when installing the temperature switch.
  • the form-locking member provided at the inner end of the insulation tube 7c is designed as an annular spherical partial cap 47c, while the flange plate 10c on the inside is designed as a complementary, spherical bearing socket 64 which defines the through opening for the inner end 46c of the insulation tube 7c.
  • the partial cap rests under the pressure of the return spring in the bearing socket 64 with such great friction that the respectively set pivot position of the temperature sensor 6c is secured by self-locking.
  • the pivot axis or the center of the ball of the bearing surfaces can expediently lie in the contact surface between the inner end 48c of the inner rod 8c and the transmission surface 29c, so that the adjustment does not change due to pivoting movements.
  • the passage opening in the flange plate 10c is corresponding to the maximum swivel angle of the temperature sensor 6c larger than the outside width of the section of the insulation tube 7c lying in it.
  • the inner rod or the part of the temperature sensor which has the larger coefficient of expansion and is therefore expediently pressure-loaded or pressure-loading consists of at least two sections which adjoin one another in the longitudinal direction and which, in terms of their length, their cross section and their expansion effect, affect different zones of the measurement Heating, for example, are coordinated in such a way that one or more zones practically do not or only slightly influence the temperature value sensed by the sensor, while one or more further zones mainly influence this value and therefore, despite the temperature sensor being extended over both types of zones, the representative measuring zones represent.
  • sections of the inner rod which are located one behind the other or generally immediately adjacent to one another have expediently different coefficients of expansion or these sections consist of different materials, the coefficient of thermal expansion one type of section can be as close as possible to the area of the expansion coefficient of the outer tube 7c.
  • These sections thus form purely mechanical and thermally essentially inactive transmission sections between the other, thermally active sections on the one hand and for transmitting the change in length to the switch or switches on the other.
  • three separate measuring range sections 65, 66, 67 of the inner rod 8c of the temperature sensor 6c are provided for the longitudinal section of the temperature sensor 6c intended for the arrangement in the heated area of the heating to be switched.
  • This longitudinal section lies at a distance from at least one end of the temperature sensor 6c, in particular at a distance from its base-side end, which is why a rod end section 68 is provided in the associated remaining longitudinal section of the temperature sensor 6c, which is designed as a thermally essentially inactive section and only as Transmission link serves.
  • This End section 68 can - depending on the requirements - connect to a thermally inactive or a thermally active section 67.
  • the thermally inactive sections suitably consist of ceramic or a material with similar properties, while the thermally active sections suitably consist of a metallic material.
  • the end section 68 is in one piece throughout. Adjacent sections advantageously do not abut one another in a punctiform or articulated manner, but are placed against one another in such a way that they align one another as well as possible, which can be achieved, for example, by flat, adjoining end faces or by the interlocking ends being complementarily conical .
  • the inner width of the outer tube 7c which is relatively closely matched to the outer width of the inner rod, a possibly slightly bent course of adjacent sections is not disadvantageous unless a particularly high measuring accuracy is required.
  • FIG. 7 shows the assignment of a temperature limiter 1d according to the invention to a heater 69, this heater being a radiant heater for the hob of a stove, an oven muffle or the like. and is to be arranged on the underside or outside of a heating plate 70, for example a glass ceramic plate.
  • the heating 69 has a shell-shaped support 71, which essentially consists of an inner insulation shell 72 made of pressed insulating material and an outer support shell 73 made of sheet metal or the like. consists. Separately switchable heating resistors 74, 75 in the form of, for example, exposed resistance wire coils are arranged on the bottom of the insulation shell 72, which form separate heating fields 76, 77. In the illustrated embodiment, one forms in a middle Field of spiral-shaped heating resistor 74, a central heating field 76, which is surrounded by the second heating field 77 in a ring-shaped manner, wherein at least one heating resistor 75 is also spiral-shaped here.
  • the heating fields 74, 75 can also be delimited from one another by an annular intermediate wall which protrudes approximately up to the temperature sensor 6d or up to the heating plate 70 via the bottom of the insulation shell 72, consists of insulation material and surrounds the inner heating field 74.
  • the temperature limiter 1d is arranged in such a way that its base 2d lies outside the heating 69 or the carrier 71 directly on its outer circumference and with its housing cover 3d close to the underside or outside of the heating plate 70.
  • the temperature sensor 6d projects through the edge of the carrier 71 approximately diametrically into the heating and, with its end remote from the base 2d, at least partially penetrates the opposite region of the edge of the carrier 71.
  • the temperature sensor 6d is parallel to the heating plate 70 between the latter and the heating resistors 74, 75.
  • the length of the central section 66d of the inner rod of the temperature sensor 6a lying in the area of the heating field 76 corresponds to the length with which the temperature sensor 6d spans this heating field 76.
  • This section 66d is designed as a thermally active section, while the two subsequent sections 65d, 67d span the annular heating field 77 and are designed as thermally inactive sections.
  • One end section 75d extends to the adjusting member 12d, while the other section 67d extends into the base 2d.
  • the circuit of the heating resistors is provided so that the heating resistor (s) 75 of the outer heating field 77 can be optionally connected to the heating resistor 74 of the central heating field 76, that is to say when the heating is operating 69 the middle heating field 76 is always heated. Since only this heating field 76 thermally influences the temperature sensor 6d, the working accuracy of the temperature limiter 1d is equally good, regardless of whether the outer heating field 77 is switched on or not. Since the inner rod has a greater coefficient of expansion than the outer tube or the insulation tube, at least over sections of its length, the inner rod is always subjected to pressure, while the outer tube is always subjected to tension.
  • the outer or insulation tube 7e of the temperature sensor 6e can also be essentially closed at the outer end with an end wall 52e and thereby form a direct pressure support for the associated end of the inner rod 8e in such a way that an adjusting member is provided in this area is not provided.
  • the adjusting member 12e lies in the region of the base-side end of the outer tube 7e, this end expediently being designed such that it engages longitudinally in the base or in the flange plate 10e. As shown in Fig. 8, e.g.
  • this end of the outer tube 7e be provided with an external thread which engages in a corresponding internal thread of the flange plate 10e with such great friction that an inadvertent rotation of the outer tube 7e by hand during assembly or the like. is not to be feared.
  • the arrangement is expediently such that a tool is required for the adjusting rotation of the outer tube 7e, or the like on a form-locking member, for example on key surfaces, a diametrical slot. must be rotatably attached to the outer end of the outer tube 7e.
  • the inventive design has the advantage that the temperature sensor can be designed so that any longitudinal sections are different participate in expansion behavior.
  • the design according to the invention has the particular advantage that the thermally active section is arranged in the area of a heated zone and adjacent sections can only be connected to one another by placing them against one another.

Landscapes

  • Thermal Sciences (AREA)
  • Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
  • Thermally Actuated Switches (AREA)
  • Inorganic Insulating Materials (AREA)
  • Control Of Motors That Do Not Use Commutators (AREA)
  • Glass Compositions (AREA)
  • Control Of Resistance Heating (AREA)
  • Transition And Organic Metals Composition Catalysts For Addition Polymerization (AREA)
  • Addition Polymer Or Copolymer, Post-Treatments, Or Chemical Modifications (AREA)
  • Polyesters Or Polycarbonates (AREA)
  • Polyurethanes Or Polyureas (AREA)
  • Switches Operated By Changes In Physical Conditions (AREA)
  • Resistance Heating (AREA)

Claims (10)

  1. Limiteur de température pour un dispositif de chauffage (69), notamment une unité chauffante en vitrocéramique, avec un palpeur de température (6) essentiellement en forme de barreau, qui est prévu pour l'actionnement d'au moins un commutateur (4, 5) disposé sur un socle (2) et qui présente un tube isolant extérieur (7) réalisé en un matériau possédant des propriétés d'isolation électrique ainsi qu'un barreau disposé à l'intérieur comme barreau de pression (8), caractérisé en ce que le tube isolant (7) est disposé en étant sollicité en traction sous la force de pression du barreau de pression (8) et présente un coefficient de dilatation thermique différent de celui du barreau de pression (8), en ce que le tube isolant (7) entoure étroitement et sans intermédiaire le barreau de pression (8) et en ce que le tube isolant (7) présente un organe d'engagement positif (47), qui est réalisé d'une seule pièce avec ce tube et est appuyé avec pression contre le socle (2).
  2. Limiteur de température selon la revendication 1, caractérisé en ce que le tube isolant (7) forme un contre-appui pour l'extrémité extérieure, éloignée du socle (2), du barreau de pression (8), le barreau de pression (8) agissant sur au moins un commutateur (4, 5) au moyen d'un élément d'actionnement (30) ou, respectivement, d'un organe d'actionnement (32), en ce que l'extrémité (46) côté socle du tube isolant (7) est assemblée au socle (2) d'une manière empêchant des déplacements en direction de l'autre extrémité, extérieure (52), en ce que l'organe d'engagement positif (47) prévu à l'extrémité (46) côté socle du tube isolant (7) forme un collet annulaire élargi pour l'engagement dans le socle (2), en ce que, de préférence, I'extrémité extérieure du barreau de pression (8) se trouve à l'intérieur du tube isolant (7) et est appuyée contre le tube isolant (7) au moyen d'un organe d'ajustement (12) et d'un organe intermédiaire (51) réalisé par exemple sous forme de douille à filetage intérieur présentant environ la même section extérieure que le barreau de pression (8), et l'organe intermédiaire (51) portant une vis d'ajustement (12) est conçu comme unité de construction dont la vis d'ajustement (12) est insérée de façon lâche dans le tube isolant (7), unité qui est pressée par le barreau de pression (8) contre une face de butée intérieure (53) du tube isolant (7) de préférence de telle sorte que la face de butée (53) est formée par l'épaulement intérieur d'une partie tronconique du tube isolant (7) qui constitue notamment la partie terminale extérieure (52) dudit tube, ou qui constitue par son extrémité plus étroite la face terminale extérieure dudit tube.
  3. Limiteur de température selon la revendication 1 ou 2, caractérisé en ce que le tube isolant (7c) est monté sur le socle (2) de façon articulée sur un étroit angle de pivotement, ou encore par l'intermédiaire d'une calotte sphérique partielle (47c) s'engageant dans une crapaudine (64), et/ou en ce que le barreau de pression (8c) présente, au moins sur des tronçons partiels de sa longueur, un coefficient de dilatation supérieur à celui du tube isolant (7c), en ce que, notamment pour un barreau de pression (8c) présentant au moins deux parties séparées de barreau se raccordant entre elles en direction longitudinale, les parties de barreau voisines sont constituées de tronçons individuels séparés (65, 66, 67, 68), présentant par exemple la même section et/ou approximativement la même longueur, qui sont appliqués sous pression les uns contre les autres dans la direction longitudinale du barreau de pression (8c), ou sont constituées d'au moins deux tronçons (65, 66, 67, 68) se raccordant les uns aux autres en direction longitudinale et présentant des coefficients de dilatation différents ou réalisés en des matériaux différents, dont au moins un tronçon essentiellement inactif de l'élément sollicité en pression du palpeur de température (6c), ou encore au moins un tronçon terminal (68), présente de préférence approximativement le même coefficient de dilatation que l'élément sollicité en traction (7c) du palpeur de température (6c), et/ou en ce qu'au moins un tronçon terminal (68) côté socle de l'élément sollicité en pression (8c) du palpeur de température (6c) est conçu comme tronçon essentiellement inactif ou encore comme tronçon de transmission d'un seul tenant jusqu'à un organe d'actionnement associé (32), et s'étend sensiblement jusqu'à la partie longitudinale du palpeur de température (6c) prévue pour la mesure de température.
  4. Limiteur de température selon l'une des revendications précédentes, caractérisé en ce que des tronçons longitudinaux différents (65d, 66d, 67d) du barreau de pression sont associés à des zones de chauffage distinctes (77, 76) d'un corps chauffant par rayonnement (69) ou similaire, et en ce que, notamment, un tronçon (66d) présentant un premier coefficient de dilatation est associé à une zone de chauffage centrale (76), tandis que deux tronçons (65d, 67d) se raccordant de part et d'autre et présentant un autre coefficient de dilatation sont associés à une zone de chauffage annulaire extérieure (77).
  5. Limiteur de température selon l'une des revendications précédentes, caractérisé en ce qu'en vue de l'actionnement d'au moins un commutateur supplémentaire (5, 4), I'extrémité (48) côté socle du barreau de pression (8) agit sur un organe d'actionnement (32) plus proche du palpeur de température (6) et destiné à actionner un commutateur (5), ainsi que, par l'intermédiaire d'un organe de transmission (9), sur un élément d'actionnement (30) plus éloigné du palpeur de température (6) et destiné à actionner l'autre commutateur (4), ou encore l'organe d'actionnement (32), ainsi que l'élément d'actionnement (30) avec une possibilité de modification d'écartement au moyen d'un organe d'ajustement (34), agissent sur des organes complémentaires d'actionnement (37, 31) des deux commutateurs (4, 5), dont au moins une partie de commutateur associée (14, 16; 13, 15) est, dans la région d'ajours (54), traversée au moins partiellement par l'organe de transmission (9), et en ce que l'élément d'actionnement (30) et l'organe de transmission (9) s'engagent notamment l'un dans l'autre à la manière d'une barre télescopique, ou encore l'élément d'actionnement (30) recouvre au moins partiellement la périphérie extérieure de l'organe de transmission (9), et/ou l'organe d'ajustement (34) est monté sur l'élément d'actionnement (30) ou consiste en une vis d'ajustement s'engageant dans une douille à filetage intérieur, I'élément d'actionnement (30) se développant de préférence longitudinalement et son développement longitudinal étant approximativement parallèle ou encore aligné avec l'organe de transmission (9) et/ou l'organe d'ajustement (34).
  6. Limiteur de température selon l'une des revendications précédentes, caractérisé en ce qu'un élément d'actionnement (30) pour un commutateur (4) est réalisé en soi rigide, ou encore est fixé en position sans jeu par rapport à un organe de transmission (9) par un ressort de rappel (40) qui presse dans chaque position l'organe de transmission (9) contre le barreau de pression (8), et/ou l'organe d'ajustement (34), par une face de pression ou encore frontale, est appliqué sans jeu, dans chaque position de l'organe de transmission (9), contre une face de transmission ou encore terminale (36) de l'organe de transmission (9), I'élément d'actionnement (30) et l'organe de transmission (9) étant de préférence mutuellement accouplés à l'intérieur de l'élément d'actionnement (30), ou encore la face de pression et la face de transmission (36) s'appliquant l'une contre l'autre à l'intérieur de l'élément d'actionnement (30).
  7. Limiteur de température selon l'une des revendications précédentes, caractérisé en ce qu'un élément d'actionnement (30) pour un commutateur (4) est bloqué en rotation, par rapport à un organe de transmission (9) et/ou par rapport au socle (2), au moyen d'un guidage longitudinal (59) éventuellement prévu exclusivement entre l'élément d'actionnement (30) et l'organe de transmission (9), ou encore formé par l'engagement d'une extrémité profilée de l'organe de transmission (9) dans au moins une fente longitudinale (59), en ce que, notamment, I'élément d'actionnement (30) est guidé par rapport au socle (2) au moyen d'une glissière éventuellement alignée avec la direction longitudinale de cet élément, ou encore une partie terminale (56) de l'organe d'ajustement (34), dépassant de l'élément d'actionnement (30) et configurée en broche de glissement, s'engage dans une ouverture de montage (57) d'une plaque de montage (55), qui est installée dans le socle (2) et forme, sur le côté correspondant, une plaque d'obturation ou encore une paroi de logement pour un espace de logement du socle (2) en forme de boîtier, en ce que, de préférence, I'élément d'actionnement (30) est guidé en alignement au-dessus du ressort de rappel (40) qui est par exemple approximativement coaxial à l'organe de transmission (9), ou encore le ressort de rappel (40) s'applique, par une extrémité annulaire rétrécie, contre la périphérie ou contre un collet annulaire (58) de l'élément d'actionnement (30), ou s'applique par une extrémité contre la plaque de montage (55), et/ou en ce que l'élément d'actionnement (30) est disposé sans contact avec des surfaces solidaires du socle, excepté sa liaison par l'intermédiaire de l'organe d'ajustement (34) et/ou du ressort de rappel (40).
  8. Limiteur de température selon l'une des revendications précédentes, caractérisé en ce qu'un élément d'actionnement (30) pour un commutateur (4) et un organe d'actionnement (32) pour un commutateur supplémentaire (5) se succèdent dans la direction longitudinale d'un organe de transmission (9) et présentent des faces d'actionnement respectives (60, 61) tournées l'une vers l'autre ou encore formées respectivement par une face frontale de douille de l'élément d'actionnement (30), face qui dépasse latéralement d'un organe d'ajustement (34), et par une face d'épaulement de l'organe d'actionnement (32), face qui dépasse radialement approximativement du même montant que la face précédente, en ce que, notamment, l'organe de transmission (9) et l'organe d'actionnement (32) sont respectivement bloqués en rotation par rapport au socle (2), éventuellement par le guidage en glissement, par engagement positif, de l'organe de transmission (9) dans des supports de commutateurs (13, 14), ou encore l'organe de transmission (9) traverse sans contact des ressorts à déclic (15, 16) des commutateurs (4, 5) dans la région d'organes complémentaires d'actionnement (31, 37) bombés en forme de joncs, et/ou en ce que l'organe de transmission (9) ou encore l'organe d'actionnement (32) présente une section polygonale, notamment de forme rectangulaire plate, l'organe de transmission (9) et l'organe d'actionnement (32) présentant de préférence approximativement la même étendue radiale par rapport à un axe médian commun (18), ou encore possédant des sections sensiblement identiques et étant tournés l'un par rapport à l'autre autour d'un axe longitudinal commun (18).
  9. Limiteur de température selon l'une des revendications précédentes, caractérisé en ce qu'un organe de transmission (9a) pour le palpeur de température (6) et un organe d'actionnement (32a) pour un commutateur (5) sont formés par un élément de construction (62) qui présente des faces de transmission (29a, 36a) pour la liaison avec, respectivement, le barreau de pression (8) et un élément d'actionnement (30) pour un commutateur supplémentaire (4), faces qui sont situées approximativement à la même distance de part et d'autre d'un plan médian transversal (63), ainsi que des faces d'actionnement (61a), opposées ou encore situées dans le plan médian transversal (63), pour l'engagement sélectif dans un organe complémentaire d'actionnement (37) du commutateur (5) plus proche du palpeur de température (6), l'organe de transmission (9a) et l'organe d'actionnement (32a ) étant de préférence formés par deux parties profilées de même longueur, ou encore formant un élément de construction (62) réversible.
  10. Limiteur de température selon l'une des revendications 2 à 9, caractérisé en ce qu'un commutateur conçu comme sectionneur de puissance (5) est plus proche du palpeur de température (6) et associé à l'organe d'actionnement (32), et en ce que le commutateur plus éloigné du palpeur de température (6), conçu notamment comme commutateur de signalisation (4), est associé à l'élément d'actionnement (30) monté avec possibilité d'ajustement.
EP88102059A 1987-02-19 1988-02-12 Limiteur de température Expired - Lifetime EP0279368B1 (fr)

Applications Claiming Priority (2)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
DE19873705260 DE3705260A1 (de) 1987-02-19 1987-02-19 Temperaturbegrenzer
DE3705260 1987-02-19

Publications (3)

Publication Number Publication Date
EP0279368A2 EP0279368A2 (fr) 1988-08-24
EP0279368A3 EP0279368A3 (en) 1989-11-15
EP0279368B1 true EP0279368B1 (fr) 1995-02-01

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EP88102059A Expired - Lifetime EP0279368B1 (fr) 1987-02-19 1988-02-12 Limiteur de température

Country Status (9)

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US (1) US4901049A (fr)
EP (1) EP0279368B1 (fr)
JP (1) JPS63252376A (fr)
KR (1) KR880010623A (fr)
AT (1) ATE118118T1 (fr)
DE (2) DE3705260A1 (fr)
ES (1) ES2067449T3 (fr)
TR (1) TR24131A (fr)
YU (1) YU46104B (fr)

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KR880010623A (ko) 1988-10-10
ATE118118T1 (de) 1995-02-15
DE3705260A1 (de) 1988-09-01
US4901049A (en) 1990-02-13
EP0279368A3 (en) 1989-11-15
YU46104B (sh) 1992-12-21
JPS63252376A (ja) 1988-10-19
ES2067449T3 (es) 1995-04-01
YU31988A (en) 1990-08-31
EP0279368A2 (fr) 1988-08-24
DE3852896D1 (de) 1995-03-16
TR24131A (tr) 1991-03-29

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