EP0275886B1 - Machine d'emballage avec revolver de séchage - Google Patents

Machine d'emballage avec revolver de séchage Download PDF

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Publication number
EP0275886B1
EP0275886B1 EP88100221A EP88100221A EP0275886B1 EP 0275886 B1 EP0275886 B1 EP 0275886B1 EP 88100221 A EP88100221 A EP 88100221A EP 88100221 A EP88100221 A EP 88100221A EP 0275886 B1 EP0275886 B1 EP 0275886B1
Authority
EP
European Patent Office
Prior art keywords
drying
packs
mouthpiece
pockets
turret
Prior art date
Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
Expired - Lifetime
Application number
EP88100221A
Other languages
German (de)
English (en)
Other versions
EP0275886A2 (fr
EP0275886A3 (en
Inventor
Heinz Focke
Kurt Liedtke
Current Assignee (The listed assignees may be inaccurate. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation or warranty as to the accuracy of the list.)
Focke and Co GmbH and Co KG
Original Assignee
Focke and Co GmbH and Co KG
Priority date (The priority date is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the date listed.)
Filing date
Publication date
Application filed by Focke and Co GmbH and Co KG filed Critical Focke and Co GmbH and Co KG
Publication of EP0275886A2 publication Critical patent/EP0275886A2/fr
Publication of EP0275886A3 publication Critical patent/EP0275886A3/de
Application granted granted Critical
Publication of EP0275886B1 publication Critical patent/EP0275886B1/fr
Anticipated expiration legal-status Critical
Expired - Lifetime legal-status Critical Current

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Classifications

    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B65—CONVEYING; PACKING; STORING; HANDLING THIN OR FILAMENTARY MATERIAL
    • B65B—MACHINES, APPARATUS OR DEVICES FOR, OR METHODS OF, PACKAGING ARTICLES OR MATERIALS; UNPACKING
    • B65B61/00—Auxiliary devices, not otherwise provided for, for operating on sheets, blanks, webs, binding material, containers or packages
    • B65B61/002—Auxiliary devices, not otherwise provided for, for operating on sheets, blanks, webs, binding material, containers or packages for drying glued or sealed packages
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B65—CONVEYING; PACKING; STORING; HANDLING THIN OR FILAMENTARY MATERIAL
    • B65C—LABELLING OR TAGGING MACHINES, APPARATUS, OR PROCESSES
    • B65C1/00—Labelling flat essentially-rigid surfaces
    • B65C1/04—Affixing labels, e.g. wrap-around labels, to two or more flat surfaces of a polyhedral article

Definitions

  • the invention relates to a packaging machine for cuboid-shaped, glue-jointed packs, in particular cigarette packs, with a folding turret for producing the packs and with a downstream drying turret for temporarily receiving the fully folded pack in drying bags which are arranged at a small distance from one another on the circumference of the drying turret .
  • Drying revolvers are used in connection with packaging machines when it comes to the production of packaging with glue connections, for example in the production of cigarette packs.
  • the aim is to enable the packs to remain in the drying turret for as long as possible so that the glue connections can set sufficiently and the shape of the packaging is stabilized.
  • EP-A 0 149 822 shows such a drying turret.
  • the drying turret is arranged downstream of a folding turret, with a pocket of the drying turret being assigned to each pack.
  • the pockets are arranged in the radial plane.
  • the non-generic FR-A 1 123 063 relates to a device for packaging cigarette groups in a soft-cup type cigarette pack.
  • the cigarette group is lightly compressed in the pockets of a feed conveyor and then transferred into the pockets of a folding turret.
  • the pockets of the feed turret are arranged at a large distance from one another on the circumference thereof. Such an arrangement of the pockets is unsuitable for a dry turret, since such a turret has too few pockets.
  • the object of the invention is to further develop and improve a packaging machine in relation to the area of drying the glue connections in such a way that the packs are accommodated in drying pockets of the drying turret for a sufficiently long time, but nevertheless a considerable one Output on packaging can be managed.
  • drying pockets lying next to one another in the radial plane, a high capacity is achieved possible with specified size of the drying turret.
  • the adjacent drying pockets are separated from each other by a common thin partition, so that the drying turret can be optimally used.
  • the freshly glued packs are optimally kept in shape during the drying process.
  • the drying pockets are open at both ends in the axial direction, so that the packs can be inserted and ejected in the same direction.
  • the packages are fed through a horizontal feed conveyor to an insertion station in which the packages lie horizontally.
  • the packs are then pushed into the drying pockets lying side by side in pairs, due to the relative position of the same in a plane slightly below the horizontal central plane of the drying turret rotating in an upright plane.
  • the packs are transported in the drying turret along a conveying path of approximately 270 ° and are therefore in the drying pockets for a relatively long time.
  • the packs are ejected when the two drying pockets are aligned in the vertical plane.
  • measures according to the invention are taken to apply closure marks or tax marks to the upper end faces of the packs pointing forward in the pushing direction when the packs are pushed into and / or ejected from them.
  • support members for the closure or control marks are arranged between the feed conveyor and the drying turret or between the drying turret and a discharge conveyor for the packs. The packs are pushed through mouthpiece openings in the carrier organs, taking the closure mark or tax stamp with them.
  • the device shown in the drawings deals with the manufacture or completion of cuboid packs 10, in particular cigarette packs of the soft cup type.
  • Such packs mainly consist of a blank made of paper or cardboard. Folding tabs that completely or partially cover one another are connected to one another by glue.
  • tubular flaps 11 and 12 are connected to one another by gluing in the region of a narrow, upright side wall of the pack 10.
  • the drying turret 13 is part of a packaging machine.
  • Part of a folding turret 14 is shown schematically in FIG. 1. This is provided with pockets for receiving one pack each and with folding members which carry out 10 folds on the blank during the transport of the packs.
  • the packs 10 are transferred from the folding turret 14 to a transfer turret 15, which takes over the packs 10 in the area of a horizontal main plane 16.
  • the transfer turret 15 is provided along the circumference with pack receptacles 17, which are open on the side lying forward in the conveying direction.
  • the packs 10 therefore automatically enter the pack receptacle 17 due to the rotary movement of the transfer turret 15.
  • a radially movable side wall 18 is extended from the retracted position to a holding position for fixing the package 10 on the open side of the pack receptacle 17.
  • the pack 10 is held by suction bores 19 against sliding out of the pocket of the transfer turret 15 thus created.
  • the packs 10 are transferred to a feed conveyor 20 running in a horizontal plane by venting the suction bores 19 and by pulling the side wall 18 radially backwards.
  • the packs 10 are fed through this to a loading station 21 for the drying turret 13.
  • the feed conveyor 20 is designed as a pawl conveyor with driver pawls 23 arranged at a distance from one another on an endless conveyor chain 22. These are arranged on the conveyor chain 22 in such a way that a pack 10 rests on fixed lateral conveyor rails 24 on the rear side of the driver pawl 23 is detected.
  • the packs 10 are first conveyed at a distance from one another due to the spacing of the driver pawls 23 from one another. In an area facing the loading station 21, however, the packs 10 are jammed in a sealed position next to one another.
  • the feed conveyor 20 is designed for this purpose in a special way, namely with the features of the conveyor of DE patent P 12 99 239.
  • the driver pawls 23 are accordingly pivotally mounted on the conveyor chain 22 against elastic pressure.
  • the elastic pressure is sufficient to transport the packs 10 on the conveyor rail 24.
  • the driver pawls 23 are pivoted backwards due to the increased pressure.
  • the driver pawls 23 now run underneath the row of packs 10 until they come free of them and into the normal position, namely the driver position swing back the elastic pressure.
  • the movement of the driver pawls 23 from the driver position into one below the packs 10 can be seen from FIG. 3.
  • the feed conveyor 20 is provided above the packs 10 with an upper wall 52 which exerts a retaining force on the packs 10.
  • this is designed as a brush strip with a brush 53 pointing downward, which abuts the packs 10.
  • the drying revolver 13 is provided with drying pockets 25 and 26 all around. Each serves to hold a pack 10. As can be seen, two drying pockets 25, 26 are arranged directly next to one another in a common plane of the drying turret 13. The two drying pockets 25, 26 are separated from each other only by a thin partition 27.
  • the drying pockets 25, 26 are mounted in the drying turret 13 in such a way that the cuboid packs 10 with an upper end wall 28 point forward in the direction of insertion.
  • a large front face 29 is directed upwards or downwards.
  • the narrow side walls 18, in the area of which, according to the exemplary embodiment in FIG. 3, a glue is attached, are directed laterally and accordingly determine the width or height of the drying pockets 25, 26.
  • the relative position of the packs 10 described here corresponds to that on the feed conveyor 20 and in the area of the loading station 21.
  • the two adjacent drying pockets 25, 26 of a pocket group extend in a plane which is directed at a very small angle to the radial plane of the drying turret 13. This scale-like relative position of the pairs of drying pockets 25, 26 enables optimum use of the space of the drying turret 13 with a given diameter.
  • the drying pockets 25, 26 are adjacent to the outer edge.
  • the loading station 21 is located at a distance below the horizontal main plane 16, namely where two drying pockets 25, 26 lying next to each other are aligned in a horizontal plane.
  • Two packs 10 lying next to one another are pushed here simultaneously into the two assigned drying pockets 25, 26 by a common double slide 30.
  • the depth of the drying pockets 25, 26 in the axial direction is dimensioned such that the packs 10 protrude slightly from the drying pockets 25, 26 on both sides, namely in the region of the end wall 28 and in the region of an opposite base 31, that is to say about the construction of the drying turret 13 protrude.
  • the drying revolver is conveyed on by one cycle, in the embodiment of FIG. 1 counterclockwise.
  • the packs 10 therefore remain within a (cyclical) rotation range of approximately 270 ° in the drying pockets 25, 26. These are heated in order to accelerate the setting or curing of the glue spots.
  • the packs 10 reach the area of an ejection station 32. This is determined in that the drying pockets 25, 26 are aligned here in a vertical plane. On the way from the loading station 21 to the ejection station 32, the packs 10 are kept in format in the precisely dimensioned drying pockets 25, 26.
  • a part-circular guide wall 33, 34 is arranged outside the loading station 21 and the extension station 32 on both sides of the drying turret 13. These are fixed in place, with such a distance from the facing side surfaces of the drying turret 13 that the packs 10 are moved along the guide walls 33, 34 with a very short distance from the end wall 28 and bottom 31. Any shaping accuracy is compensated for by the guide walls 33, 34.
  • the two packs 10 are simultaneously conveyed out of the dry bags 25, 26, one above the other in an upright plane, by an ejector 35 out of both bags onto an intermediate platform (not shown) and are fed from there to a removal conveyor 36 by transverse displacement.
  • this consists of two conveyor belts 37, 38 running on both sides of the movement path of the packs 10, the conveying strands of which clampingly take up and convey the row of packs 10 between them.
  • the packs 10 are pushed into the area between the conveying strands of the conveyor belts 37, 38 by a slide 39 which is reciprocated in the horizontal direction.
  • the insertion of the packs 10 into the dry bags 25, 26 and the ejection from these can be connected by attaching a closure mark 40 or a control mark 41 in the region of the end wall 28. This is possible because the packs 10 are ejected in one and the same direction with the front end wall 28 into the drying pockets 25, 26.
  • the closure mark 40 or control mark 41 running across the end wall 28 is applied during the insertion or during the extension phase.
  • the closure mark 40 can already be attached when the packs 10 are being conveyed into the drying turret 13.
  • a ready holder for two closure marks 40 is arranged in the gap-shaped space between the feed conveyor 20 and the drying turret 13.
  • This consists of a mouthpiece disk 42 with two rectangular mouthpiece openings 43, 44. These are rectangular formed, approximately in the size of the cross section of the package 10.
  • Transversely in front of the mouthpiece openings 43, 44 the closure mark 40 is arranged in the center in an upright position.
  • the closure marks 40 lying in front of the mouthpiece openings are taken along, which are placed in a U-shape around the end wall 28 and the adjacent front or rear wall. The packs 10 accordingly enter the drying pockets 25, 26 with the correctly attached closure mark 40.
  • the closure marks 40 are removed from a suitably designed magazine 54 with a plurality of bobbins 55 positioned one after the other.
  • the closure marks as strips provided with an adhesive on one side are successively separated from continuous web material.
  • a fault extension station 45 is formed in the region of the rotational path of the drying turret 13. This is in a position above the main plane 16, in which the adjacent drying pockets 25, 26 are also in a horizontal orientation. Separate push-out plungers 46, 47 are assigned to the two drying pockets 25, 26 in this area. These are controlled by a cigarette testing device, not shown, which checks the packs 10 or cigarette groups for defective cigarettes at a suitable point, in particular in the area of the folding turret 14. The relevant package is then ejected in the area of the fault ejection station 45, specifically for one or the other drying bag 25, 26.
  • a rotatingly driven mouthpiece disk 48 is arranged in a vertical plane between the drying turret 13 and the discharge conveyor 36 or a platform assigned to it. This has four pairs of adjacent mouthpiece openings 49, 50 distributed along the circumference, in such a way that after a quarter turn, two of the mouthpiece openings 49, 50 are arranged one above the other in the vertical plane and on the movement path of the packs 10 when they are ejected from the dry bags 25, 26 are aligned. The two packs 10 are accordingly moved through the mouthpiece openings 49, 50.
  • control marks 41 are arranged on the mouthpiece disk 48 transversely to the mouthpiece openings 49, 50 and overlap them centrally.
  • the control marks with the free side having an adhesive bear against the end wall 28 and the adjoining regions of the front sides of the pack.
  • the control marks 41 are accordingly attached in the correct position before the packs 10 reach the conveyor 36.
  • the mouthpiece disk 48 is moved on by a quarter circle.
  • the respective upper, horizontally directed mouthpiece openings 49, 50 are provided with control marks 41 in the relative position described.
  • the tax stamps are taken from an upright stamp magazine 51.

Landscapes

  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
  • Wrapping Of Specific Fragile Articles (AREA)
  • Package Closures (AREA)

Claims (6)

  1. Empaqueteuse pour paquets parallélépidipédiques (10) présentant des joints de colle, en particulier paquets de cigarettes, comportant un revolver de pliage (14) pour la confection des paquets (10) et un revolver de séchage (13) placé en aval de celui-ci et destiné à recevoir temporairement le paquet (10) entièrement plié dans des poches de séchage (25, 26) placées à faible distance les unes des autres sur le pourtour du revolver de séchage (13), caractérisée par les caractéristiques suivantes :
    a) deux poches de séchage (25, 26) destinées à recevoir chacune un paquet (10) sont placées immédiatement l'une à côté de l'autre dans des plans radiaux ou dans des plans faisant un petit angle avec le plan radial,
    b) ces poches de séchage (25, 26) sont ouvertes en direction axiale à leurs deux extrémités,
    c) les poches de séchage (25, 26) voisines en direction radiale sont séparées par une cloison mince commune (27).
  2. Empaqueteuse selon la revendication 1, caractérisée par le fait que les paquets (10) peuvent être, deux par deux (dans le cas de deux poches de séchage (25, 26) situées l'une à côté de l'autre, enlevés en direction axiale d'un plan horizontal, en particulier d'un transporteur d'alimentation horizontal (20) s'étendant à côté du revolver de séchage (13) et introduits dans des poches de séchage (25, 26) se trouvant en position horizontale.
  3. Empaqueteuse selon l'une des revendications 1 et 2, caractérisée par le fait que les paquets (10) peuvent être transportés par le revolver de séchage (13) le long d'une trajectoire d'environ 270° et, à un poste d'expulsion (32), en être expulsés avec orientation verticale des poches de séchage (25, 26) à vider.
  4. Empaqueteuse selon la revendication 1 et un ou plusieurs des autres revendications, caractérisée par le fait que les paquets (10), à leur introduction dans les poches de séchage (25, 26), passent par un embouchure, plus précisément par des ouvertures embouchures (43, 44) d'une plaque à embouchures (42) placée entre le transporteur d'alimentation (20) et le revolver de séchage (13), une vignette de fermeture dirigée transversalement (40) qui se place en travers de la paroi frontale (28) du paquet (10) étant placée sur le côté entrée de chacune des ouvertures embouchures (43, 44).
  5. Empaqueteuse selon la revendication 1 et une ou plusieurs des autres revendications, caractérisée par le fait que, dans la zone du poste d'expulsion (32) entre le revolver de séchage (13) et un transporteur d'évacuation (36) pour les paquets (10), est disposée une embouchure, en particulier une plaque à embouchures tournante (48) présentant plusieurs ouvertures embouchures (49, 50) disposées par paires par lesquelles les paquets (10) peuvent passer lors de leur expulsion des poches de séchage (25, 26), des vignettes fiscales (51) placées chacune devant une des ouvertures embouchures (49, 50) pouvant être, avec appui en U sur la face frontale (28), jointes aux paquets (10).
  6. Empaqueteuse selon la revendication 5, caractérisée par le fait que la plaque à embouchures (48) présente quatre ouvertures embouchures (49, 50) disposées réparties par paires qui peuvent être amenées successivement, par des rotations d'un quart de cercle de la plaque à embouchures (48), dans une position correspondant aux poches de séchage (25, 26) au poste d'expulsion (32).
EP88100221A 1987-01-22 1988-01-11 Machine d'emballage avec revolver de séchage Expired - Lifetime EP0275886B1 (fr)

Applications Claiming Priority (2)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
DE19873701768 DE3701768A1 (de) 1987-01-22 1987-01-22 Verpackungsmaschine mit trockenrevolver
DE3701768 1987-01-22

Publications (3)

Publication Number Publication Date
EP0275886A2 EP0275886A2 (fr) 1988-07-27
EP0275886A3 EP0275886A3 (en) 1989-12-27
EP0275886B1 true EP0275886B1 (fr) 1993-12-01

Family

ID=6319299

Family Applications (1)

Application Number Title Priority Date Filing Date
EP88100221A Expired - Lifetime EP0275886B1 (fr) 1987-01-22 1988-01-11 Machine d'emballage avec revolver de séchage

Country Status (6)

Country Link
US (1) US4840007A (fr)
EP (1) EP0275886B1 (fr)
JP (1) JP2511091B2 (fr)
BR (1) BR8800215A (fr)
CA (1) CA1327518C (fr)
DE (2) DE3701768A1 (fr)

Families Citing this family (25)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
DE3736403A1 (de) * 1987-10-28 1989-05-11 Focke & Co Vorrichtung zum stabilisieren und trocknen von quaderfoermigen packungen
DE3835290C2 (de) * 1988-10-15 1998-02-05 Focke & Co Verfahren und Vorrichtung zum Anbringen von Banderolen an Packungen
DE3940296A1 (de) * 1989-06-24 1991-01-10 Focke & Co Produktionsanlage fuer die herstellung von grosseinheiten in der form von kartonierten gebinden aus gruppen von kleinpackungen von papiertaschentuechern
DE3931309C1 (fr) * 1989-09-20 1990-12-06 Maschinenfabrik Alfred Schmermund Gmbh & Co, 5820 Gevelsberg, De
DE3941601A1 (de) * 1989-12-16 1991-06-20 Schmermund Maschf Alfred Zigarettenverpackungsmaschine
JPH046032A (ja) * 1990-04-13 1992-01-10 Gurafuiko:Kk 磁気ディスク用ラベル自動貼付装置
EP0473320A1 (fr) * 1990-08-15 1992-03-04 Philip Morris Products Inc. Appareil et méthode pour former des boites à couvercle articulé pour cigarettes
IT1244399B (it) * 1990-12-03 1994-07-11 Gd Spa Metodo e dispositivo per l'applicazione di fascette di sigillo su pacchetti.
DE4213555C1 (fr) * 1992-04-24 1993-07-29 Benz & Hilgers Gmbh, 4000 Duesseldorf, De
US5501065A (en) * 1992-04-24 1996-03-26 Benz & Hilgers Gmbh Apparatus for packaging individual objects, especially foodstuff packages
DE4300149A1 (de) * 1993-01-08 1994-07-14 Focke & Co Vorrichtung zum Herstellen von Zigaretten-Packungen
IT1279221B1 (it) * 1994-01-20 1997-12-09 Gd Spa Metodo e macchina impacchettatrice per la formazione di pacchetti doppi per sigarette
CN1079765C (zh) * 1995-03-23 2002-02-27 吉第联合股份公司 包装产品的方法和设备
IT1306254B1 (it) * 1995-05-05 2001-06-04 Gd Spa Metodo e macchina per l'impacchettamento di prodotti
DE19539417A1 (de) * 1995-10-24 1997-04-30 Focke & Co Vorrichtung zum Herstellen von insbesondere Zigaretten-Verpackungen
DE19641151A1 (de) * 1996-10-07 1998-04-09 Focke & Co Weichbecher-Verpackung sowie Verfahren und Vorrichtung zum Herstellen derselben und anderer Verpackungen
IT1299323B1 (it) * 1998-01-27 2000-03-16 Gd Spa Macchina condizionatrice per pacchetti di sigarette.
DE19814932A1 (de) * 1998-04-03 2001-01-11 Focke & Co Zigarettenpackung sowie Verfahren und Vorrichtung zum Herstellen derselben
IT1299982B1 (it) * 1998-04-22 2000-04-04 Gd Spa Metodo per la realizzazione di pacchetti di sigarette ed impianto per l'attuazione di tale metodo.
ITBO20040589A1 (it) * 2004-09-22 2004-12-22 Gd Spa Metodo e unita' per applicare un'etichetta ad un articolo
WO2007044837A2 (fr) * 2005-10-07 2007-04-19 Cdream Corporation Systeme de chargement d'espaceurs destine a des dispositifs a emission de champ
DE102008029929A1 (de) * 2008-06-26 2009-12-31 Focke & Co.(Gmbh & Co. Kg) Verfahren und Vorrichtung zum Herstellen von Packungen
DE102009050035A1 (de) * 2009-10-20 2011-04-21 Focke & Co.(Gmbh & Co. Kg) Vorrichtung zum Speichern von (Zigaretten-)Packungen
JP5944789B2 (ja) * 2012-08-21 2016-07-05 理想科学工業株式会社 封入封緘装置
DE102014012968A1 (de) * 2014-09-08 2016-03-10 Focke & Co. (Gmbh & Co. Kg) Verfahren und Vorrichtung zur Formstabilisierung von Packungen

Citations (2)

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Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
FR1123063A (fr) * 1954-04-21 1956-09-17 S I B Sa Machine automatique multiple rotative pour empaqueter les cigarettes
EP0233470A2 (fr) * 1986-02-19 1987-08-26 Focke & Co. (GmbH & Co.) Dispositif pour stocker des paquets (de cigarettes)

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US3590556A (en) * 1968-01-05 1971-07-06 Heinz Focke Machine for packing of cigarettes in soft packets
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US4179864A (en) * 1976-07-22 1979-12-25 Focke & Pfuhl Apparatus for setting and shaping glued cigarette packs
DE2643600C2 (de) * 1976-09-28 1983-08-11 Otto Hänsel GmbH, 3000 Hannover Vorrichtung zur vollautomatischen Herstellung von Sammelpackungen, sogenannten Stangenpackungen, aus einzeln verpackten Süßwarenteilen
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DE3046065C2 (de) * 1980-12-06 1984-11-29 Maschinenfabrik Alfred Schmermund Gmbh & Co, 5820 Gevelsberg Bodenfaltungspacker
DE3400650A1 (de) * 1984-01-11 1985-07-18 Focke & Co, 2810 Verden Verpackungsmaschine fuer packungen mit durch klebung verbundenen faltlappen
DE3512611A1 (de) * 1985-04-06 1986-10-16 Focke & Co (GmbH & Co), 2810 Verden Verfahren und vorrichtung zum verpacken von insbesondere zigaretten

Patent Citations (2)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
FR1123063A (fr) * 1954-04-21 1956-09-17 S I B Sa Machine automatique multiple rotative pour empaqueter les cigarettes
EP0233470A2 (fr) * 1986-02-19 1987-08-26 Focke & Co. (GmbH & Co.) Dispositif pour stocker des paquets (de cigarettes)

Also Published As

Publication number Publication date
JPS63191713A (ja) 1988-08-09
JP2511091B2 (ja) 1996-06-26
EP0275886A2 (fr) 1988-07-27
BR8800215A (pt) 1988-08-30
US4840007A (en) 1989-06-20
DE3885910D1 (de) 1994-01-13
CA1327518C (fr) 1994-03-08
DE3701768A1 (de) 1988-08-04
EP0275886A3 (en) 1989-12-27

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