EP0254208B1 - Mélanges d'agents tensio-actifs peu moussants et/ou anti-mousse et leur utilisation - Google Patents

Mélanges d'agents tensio-actifs peu moussants et/ou anti-mousse et leur utilisation Download PDF

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Publication number
EP0254208B1
EP0254208B1 EP87110283A EP87110283A EP0254208B1 EP 0254208 B1 EP0254208 B1 EP 0254208B1 EP 87110283 A EP87110283 A EP 87110283A EP 87110283 A EP87110283 A EP 87110283A EP 0254208 B1 EP0254208 B1 EP 0254208B1
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EP
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Prior art keywords
weight
iii
alkyl
foam
general formula
Prior art date
Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
Expired - Lifetime
Application number
EP87110283A
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German (de)
English (en)
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EP0254208A3 (en
EP0254208A2 (fr
Inventor
Karl-Heinz Dr. Schmid
Adolf Asbeck
Detlev Stanislowski
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BASF Personal Care and Nutrition GmbH
Original Assignee
Henkel AG and Co KGaA
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Priority to AT87110283T priority Critical patent/ATE68519T1/de
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Publication of EP0254208A3 publication Critical patent/EP0254208A3/de
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Publication of EP0254208B1 publication Critical patent/EP0254208B1/fr
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Classifications

    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C11—ANIMAL OR VEGETABLE OILS, FATS, FATTY SUBSTANCES OR WAXES; FATTY ACIDS THEREFROM; DETERGENTS; CANDLES
    • C11D—DETERGENT COMPOSITIONS; USE OF SINGLE SUBSTANCES AS DETERGENTS; SOAP OR SOAP-MAKING; RESIN SOAPS; RECOVERY OF GLYCEROL
    • C11D1/00—Detergent compositions based essentially on surface-active compounds; Use of these compounds as a detergent
    • C11D1/66—Non-ionic compounds
    • C11D1/825—Mixtures of compounds all of which are non-ionic
    • C11D1/8255—Mixtures of compounds all of which are non-ionic containing a combination of compounds differently alcoxylised or with differently alkylated chains
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C11—ANIMAL OR VEGETABLE OILS, FATS, FATTY SUBSTANCES OR WAXES; FATTY ACIDS THEREFROM; DETERGENTS; CANDLES
    • C11D—DETERGENT COMPOSITIONS; USE OF SINGLE SUBSTANCES AS DETERGENTS; SOAP OR SOAP-MAKING; RESIN SOAPS; RECOVERY OF GLYCEROL
    • C11D1/00—Detergent compositions based essentially on surface-active compounds; Use of these compounds as a detergent
    • C11D1/66—Non-ionic compounds
    • C11D1/72—Ethers of polyoxyalkylene glycols
    • C11D1/721—End blocked ethers
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C11—ANIMAL OR VEGETABLE OILS, FATS, FATTY SUBSTANCES OR WAXES; FATTY ACIDS THEREFROM; DETERGENTS; CANDLES
    • C11D—DETERGENT COMPOSITIONS; USE OF SINGLE SUBSTANCES AS DETERGENTS; SOAP OR SOAP-MAKING; RESIN SOAPS; RECOVERY OF GLYCEROL
    • C11D3/00—Other compounding ingredients of detergent compositions covered in group C11D1/00
    • C11D3/0005—Other compounding ingredients characterised by their effect
    • C11D3/0026—Low foaming or foam regulating compositions
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C11—ANIMAL OR VEGETABLE OILS, FATS, FATTY SUBSTANCES OR WAXES; FATTY ACIDS THEREFROM; DETERGENTS; CANDLES
    • C11D—DETERGENT COMPOSITIONS; USE OF SINGLE SUBSTANCES AS DETERGENTS; SOAP OR SOAP-MAKING; RESIN SOAPS; RECOVERY OF GLYCEROL
    • C11D1/00—Detergent compositions based essentially on surface-active compounds; Use of these compounds as a detergent
    • C11D1/66—Non-ionic compounds
    • C11D1/72—Ethers of polyoxyalkylene glycols
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C11—ANIMAL OR VEGETABLE OILS, FATS, FATTY SUBSTANCES OR WAXES; FATTY ACIDS THEREFROM; DETERGENTS; CANDLES
    • C11D—DETERGENT COMPOSITIONS; USE OF SINGLE SUBSTANCES AS DETERGENTS; SOAP OR SOAP-MAKING; RESIN SOAPS; RECOVERY OF GLYCEROL
    • C11D1/00—Detergent compositions based essentially on surface-active compounds; Use of these compounds as a detergent
    • C11D1/66—Non-ionic compounds
    • C11D1/722—Ethers of polyoxyalkylene glycols having mixed oxyalkylene groups; Polyalkoxylated fatty alcohols or polyalkoxylated alkylaryl alcohols with mixed oxyalkylele groups

Definitions

  • Aqueous cleaning agents for use in commerce and industry in particular those for cleaning metal, glass, ceramic and plastic surfaces, generally contain active ingredients which are able to counteract undesirable foam development.
  • the use of low-foam or foam-suppressing surfactant auxiliaries in particular is due in most cases to the fact that the contaminants detached from the substrates to be cleaned and accumulating in the cleaning baths act as foaming agents. This has a particular effect on high-speed cleaning machines, for example in machine bottle cleaning systems, or in applications in which the cleaning liquor is sprayed onto the surfaces to be cleaned under high pressure, for example in spray cleaning.
  • addition products of alkylene oxides to organic compounds which have — preferably several — reactive hydrogen atoms in the molecule have long been used as low-foaming or foam-suppressing additives with a surfactant effect.
  • addition products of propylene oxide onto aliphatic polyalcohols see DE-PS 12 80 455 and DE-PS 16 21 592
  • aliphatic polyamines see DE-PS 12 89 597 and DE-PS 16 21 593
  • addition products of ethylene oxide and propylene oxide on aliphatic polyamines, especially ethylenediamine see DE-PS 19 44 569) proven in practice.
  • these alkylene oxide addition products also have the alkali stability which is usually required for use in commercial and industrial cleaning agents.
  • the compounds in this class are not sufficiently biodegradable to meet the applicable legal regulations (RVO on the Detergent Act).
  • the present invention is based on the object of finding foam-suppressing or foam-suppressing auxiliaries with a surfactant character, the application properties of which are at least equal to those of the prior art, but which also have the required biodegradability.
  • the invention intends to provide means of the type mentioned which can also be used effectively in the low temperature range below approximately 50 ° C., which has hitherto been difficult to master even with the best relevant auxiliaries.
  • DE-OS 33 15 951 describes end-capped polyethylene glycol ethers which can be used with advantage in the fields of application described and which are also biodegradable. In practical use, however, it has been shown that these compounds from the cited published patent develop their best activity at temperatures of about 50 ° C., while improvements in the foaming behavior in the temperature range below appear particularly desirable when cleaning processes are used which are derived from the Mechanics of the process measures used particularly favor foam formation.
  • surfactant mixtures described below are already effective in the temperature range from +10 ° C., but at the same time open up the possibility of safely mastering any foam problems that may arise.
  • Wetting agent mixtures of the type according to the invention and described below can thus, for example, overcome difficulties which arise when cold starting bottle cleaning systems.
  • the surfactant mixtures according to the invention can also advantageously be used as low-foaming wetting agents for high-pressure spray cleaners which can be cold sprayed.
  • the proportions by weight of components I to III are preferably within the following quantitative ranges: Compounds of the general formula I 50 to 80% by weight Compounds of the general formula II 10 to 25% by weight Compounds of general formula III 0 to 20 wt .-%.
  • the radical R1 in the compounds of the general formula I means in the preferred embodiment a straight-chain or branched alkyl radical or alkenyl radical having 12 to 18 carbon atoms, while the preferred radical R2 in these compounds of the general formula I means the butyl radical.
  • the preferred meaning for the radical R3 is a straight-chain or branched alkyl radical having 12 to 14 carbon atoms, while the preferred chain length for the radical R4 in the compounds of the general formula III is 16 to 18 carbon atoms.
  • residues R1, R3 and R4 are residues of corresponding longer-chain alcohols, whereby in a further preferred embodiment of the invention it applies that alcohol cuts, as they occur in the synthesis of such alcohols in practice, are particularly suitable, in which case at least the majority of the concrete Individual components present in these alcohol cuts correspond to the specified C number ranges.
  • Corresponding synthetic alcohols, but in particular corresponding fatty alcohols or fatty alcohol mixtures are suitable, as are obtained in a known manner from the conversion of natural fats and / or oils.
  • n is a number from 3 to 7 means.
  • Corresponding fatty alcohols and / or oxo alcohols of the stated carbon number can be used individually or in a mixture as the starting material for the preparation of these polyglycol ethers of the formula I. These alcohols are reacted with ethylene oxide in a molar ratio of from 1: 3 to 1: 7, and the hydroxyl groups present in the reaction product obtained are then etherified.
  • the reaction with ethylene oxide takes place under the known alkoxylation conditions, preferably in the presence of suitable alkaline ones Catalysts.
  • the etherification of the free hydroxyl groups is preferably carried out under the known conditions of Williamson's ether synthesis with straight-chain or branched C4 to C8 alkyl halides, for example with n-butyl iodide, sec-butyl bromide, tert-butyl chloride, amyl chloride, tert-amyl bromide, n -Hexyl chloride, n-heptyl bromide and n-octyl chloride.
  • the compounds of the general formulas II and III are likewise prepared in a manner known per se by reacting the starting alcohols or alcohol mixtures with ethylene oxide and propylene oxide (compounds of the general formula II) or with propylene oxide (compounds of the general formula III) under the known alkoxylation conditions .
  • biodegradability of the surfactant mixtures according to the invention is, according to the legal determination methods (OECD screening test, OECD, Paris 1976 (26181)), over 80% BiAS decrease with BOD / COD values of greater than 60%.
  • the invention relates to the use of the low-foam or foam-suppressing surfactant mixtures described at the outset in the context of cleaning agents which are to be used in particular for the aqueous-surfactant cleaning of hard surfaces.
  • the area of such cleaning processes is particularly affected here, in which increased foam loading is to be expected due to the mechanics used and / or the impurity to be removed, in particular here mechanical cleaning processes, such as spray cleaning or other washing or rinsing processes cleaning with high-pressure application, are suitable.
  • the wetting agent mixtures according to the invention are used in cleaning agents which are also intended for use at washing temperatures below 50 ° C., in particular in the range from approximately 10 to 50 ° C.
  • cleaning agent comprises on the one hand the ready-to-use aqueous solutions of the corresponding active ingredient components, but on the other hand also the concentrates and / or solid active ingredient mixtures intended for the preparation of the application solutions.
  • the general details of the prior art apply here in detail.
  • cleaning agents for machine bottle cleaning or generally for spray or high-pressure cleaning contain, in addition to wetting agents, other common components, namely builders and complexing agents, alkalis or acids, corrosion inhibitors and possibly also antimicrobial agents and / or organic solvents.
  • Possible wetting agents are, in addition to the wetting agent mixtures described according to the invention, nonionic surface-active substances, such as polyglycol ethers, which are obtained by adding ethylene oxide to alcohols, in particular fatty alcohols, alkylphenols, fatty amines and carboxamides, and anionic wetting agents, such as alkali metal, amine and alkylolamine salts of Fatty acids, alkylsulfuric acids, alkylsulfonic acids and alkylbenzenesulfonic acids into consideration.
  • nonionic surface-active substances such as polyglycol ethers, which are obtained by adding ethylene oxide to alcohols, in particular fatty alcohols, alkylphenols, fatty amines and carboxamides
  • the builders can contain alkali metal orthophosphates, polymer phosphates, silicates, borates, carbonates, polyacrylates and gluconates as well as citric acid, nitrilotriacetic acid, Ethylenediaminetetraacetic acid, 1-hydroxyalkane-1,1-diphosphonic acid, aminotri (methylenephosphonic acid) and ethylenediaminetetra- (methylenephosphonic acid), phosphonoalkane polycarboxylic acids such as e.g. B. contain phosphonobutane tricarboxylic acid and alkali metal salts of these acids.
  • the cleaning agents can contain organic solvents, for example alcohols, gasoline fractions and chlorinated hydrocarbons, and free alkylolamines.
  • the ready-to-use solutions can be slightly acidic to strongly alkaline.
  • the surfactant mixtures to be used according to the invention are added to the cleaning agents in amounts such that their concentration in the ready-to-use solutions is 10 to 2500 ppm, preferably 50 to 500 ppm.
  • the substance mixtures according to the invention are compared with the substance mixtures from the comparative examples. It shows that the substance mixtures according to the invention are almost always better Antifoam behavior show than the materials from the comparative examples.
  • a product can only be used in practice if it also has a satisfactory emulsifying power.
  • the surfactants or surfactant mixtures to be determined are emulsified in 1% by weight aqueous sodium hydroxide solution at room temperature in each case in an amount of 0.1 to 1% by weight of surfactant. Only products that do not frame here are suitable for practical use.
  • aqueous sodium hydroxide solution 300 ml of a 1% strength by weight aqueous sodium hydroxide solution are heated to 20 ° C. in a double-walled 2 liter measuring cylinder. This solution is mixed with 0.1 ml of the surfactant or surfactant mixture to be determined with a defoaming and / or foam-suppressing effect. With the help of a peristaltic pump, the liquid is pumped at a circulation rate of 4 l / min. The test liquor is approx.
  • test foam A 1% by weight aqueous solution of the triethanolamine salt of tetrapropylene benzosulfonate is used as the test foam. This is metered in at intervals of one minute in amounts of 1 ml each of the liquor in circulation. The resulting total volume of foam and liquid is determined. The longer the time it takes to reach the 2,000 ml mark in the measuring cylinder due to the total volume of the liquid and foam phases, the better the foam-inhibiting effect of the surfactant material used. In Examples 1 to 6 below, the respective corresponding numerical values for this point in time are given in minutes or in ml of test foamers. At the same time, the emulsifying power is assessed as previously described. In the evaluation, a distinction is made between the 3 evaluations: good, still satisfactory, inadequate.
  • Iron surfaces were cleaned at 30 - 40 ° C with a 1.5% by weight solution of the cleaning agent (pH 8.5). With a good cleaning effect, no disruptive foam development occurred.

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  • Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
  • Organic Chemistry (AREA)
  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Chemical Kinetics & Catalysis (AREA)
  • Oil, Petroleum & Natural Gas (AREA)
  • Wood Science & Technology (AREA)
  • Life Sciences & Earth Sciences (AREA)
  • Detergent Compositions (AREA)
  • Organic Low-Molecular-Weight Compounds And Preparation Thereof (AREA)
  • Manufacture Of Porous Articles, And Recovery And Treatment Of Waste Products (AREA)
  • Compositions Of Macromolecular Compounds (AREA)
  • Emulsifying, Dispersing, Foam-Producing Or Wetting Agents (AREA)
  • Polyurethanes Or Polyureas (AREA)
  • Agricultural Chemicals And Associated Chemicals (AREA)

Claims (3)

1. Mélanges d'agents tensio-actifs peu moussants ou anti-mousse à base d'éthers de polyalcoylèneglycol d'alcool à longue chaîne solubles dans l'eau et/ou émulsionnables dans l'eau, caractérisés en ce qu'ils renferment en mélange les composants suivants I, II et le cas échéant III dans les rapports quantitatifs mentionnés en % en poids rapportés au poids du mélange de I à III.
I) de 20 à 80 % en poids d'éthers de polyéthylèneglycol de formule générale I

        R₁ - O - (CH₂CH₂O)n - R₂   (I)

   dans laquelle
   R₁ signifie un radical alcoyle ou alcenyle à chaîne droite ou ramifiée ayant de 8 à 18 atomes de carbone,
   R₂ signifie un radical alcoyle ayant de 4 à 8 atomes de carbone et
   n est un nombre allant de 3 à 7
II) de 10 à 40 % en poids d'éther mixte d'alcoylpolyalcoylèneglycol de formule générale II
Figure imgb0007
    dans laquelle
   R₃ signifie un radical alcoyle à chaîne droite ou ramifiée ayant de 8 à 18 atomes de carbone
   n est un nombre de 1 à 3
   y est un nombre de 3 à 6
ainsi que
III) de 0 à 40 % en poids d'éther d'alcoyl (poly) propylèneglycol de formule générale III
Figure imgb0008
    dans laquelle
   R₄ signifie un radical alcoyle ou alcenyle à chaîne droite ou ramifié ayant de 16 à 22 atomes de carbone et
   z est un nombre de 1 à 3.
2. Mélanges d'agents tensio-actifs selon la revendication 1, caractérisés en ce que les composants I à III se présentent dans les rapports de mélange suivants :
I)   50 à 80 % en poids
II)   10 à 25 % en poids
III)    0 à 20 % en poids
3. Utilisation des mélanges d'agents tensio-actifs selon les revendications 1 et 2 dans les agents de nettoyage aqueux qui conviennent en particulier pour la mise en oeuvre dans le domaine du nettoyage à la machine par pulvérisation ou sous haute pression à des températures en dessous de 50°C.
EP87110283A 1986-07-24 1987-07-16 Mélanges d'agents tensio-actifs peu moussants et/ou anti-mousse et leur utilisation Expired - Lifetime EP0254208B1 (fr)

Priority Applications (1)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
AT87110283T ATE68519T1 (de) 1986-07-24 1987-07-16 Schaumarme und/oder schaumdaempfende tensidgemische und ihre verwendung.

Applications Claiming Priority (2)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
DE3625078 1986-07-24
DE3625078 1986-07-24

Publications (3)

Publication Number Publication Date
EP0254208A2 EP0254208A2 (fr) 1988-01-27
EP0254208A3 EP0254208A3 (en) 1989-07-05
EP0254208B1 true EP0254208B1 (fr) 1991-10-16

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Country Status (7)

Country Link
US (1) US4780237A (fr)
EP (1) EP0254208B1 (fr)
JP (1) JP2533555B2 (fr)
AT (1) ATE68519T1 (fr)
CA (1) CA1305640C (fr)
DE (1) DE3773781D1 (fr)
ES (1) ES2026494T3 (fr)

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Publication number Publication date
EP0254208A3 (en) 1989-07-05
EP0254208A2 (fr) 1988-01-27
US4780237A (en) 1988-10-25
JP2533555B2 (ja) 1996-09-11
CA1305640C (fr) 1992-07-28
JPS6335697A (ja) 1988-02-16
ATE68519T1 (de) 1991-11-15
ES2026494T3 (es) 1992-05-01
DE3773781D1 (de) 1991-11-21

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