Classifications

• • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
  • C11—ANIMAL OR VEGETABLE OILS, FATS, FATTY SUBSTANCES OR WAXES; FATTY ACIDS THEREFROM; DETERGENTS; CANDLES
  • C11D—DETERGENT COMPOSITIONS; USE OF SINGLE SUBSTANCES AS DETERGENTS; SOAP OR SOAP-MAKING; RESIN SOAPS; RECOVERY OF GLYCEROL
  • C11D1/00—Detergent compositions based essentially on surface-active compounds; Use of these compounds as a detergent
  • C11D1/66—Non-ionic compounds
  • C11D1/72—Ethers of polyoxyalkylene glycols
  • C11D1/721—End blocked ethers
• • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
  • C11—ANIMAL OR VEGETABLE OILS, FATS, FATTY SUBSTANCES OR WAXES; FATTY ACIDS THEREFROM; DETERGENTS; CANDLES
  • C11D—DETERGENT COMPOSITIONS; USE OF SINGLE SUBSTANCES AS DETERGENTS; SOAP OR SOAP-MAKING; RESIN SOAPS; RECOVERY OF GLYCEROL
  • C11D1/00—Detergent compositions based essentially on surface-active compounds; Use of these compounds as a detergent
  • C11D1/66—Non-ionic compounds
  • C11D1/825—Mixtures of compounds all of which are non-ionic
  • C11D1/8255—Mixtures of compounds all of which are non-ionic containing a combination of compounds differently alcoxylised or with differently alkylated chains
• • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
  • C11—ANIMAL OR VEGETABLE OILS, FATS, FATTY SUBSTANCES OR WAXES; FATTY ACIDS THEREFROM; DETERGENTS; CANDLES
  • C11D—DETERGENT COMPOSITIONS; USE OF SINGLE SUBSTANCES AS DETERGENTS; SOAP OR SOAP-MAKING; RESIN SOAPS; RECOVERY OF GLYCEROL
  • C11D3/00—Other compounding ingredients of detergent compositions covered in group C11D1/00
  • C11D3/0005—Other compounding ingredients characterised by their effect
  • C11D3/0026—Low foaming or foam regulating compositions
• • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
  • C11—ANIMAL OR VEGETABLE OILS, FATS, FATTY SUBSTANCES OR WAXES; FATTY ACIDS THEREFROM; DETERGENTS; CANDLES
  • C11D—DETERGENT COMPOSITIONS; USE OF SINGLE SUBSTANCES AS DETERGENTS; SOAP OR SOAP-MAKING; RESIN SOAPS; RECOVERY OF GLYCEROL
  • C11D1/00—Detergent compositions based essentially on surface-active compounds; Use of these compounds as a detergent
  • C11D1/66—Non-ionic compounds
  • C11D1/72—Ethers of polyoxyalkylene glycols
• • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
  • C11—ANIMAL OR VEGETABLE OILS, FATS, FATTY SUBSTANCES OR WAXES; FATTY ACIDS THEREFROM; DETERGENTS; CANDLES
  • C11D—DETERGENT COMPOSITIONS; USE OF SINGLE SUBSTANCES AS DETERGENTS; SOAP OR SOAP-MAKING; RESIN SOAPS; RECOVERY OF GLYCEROL
  • C11D1/00—Detergent compositions based essentially on surface-active compounds; Use of these compounds as a detergent
  • C11D1/66—Non-ionic compounds
  • C11D1/722—Ethers of polyoxyalkylene glycols having mixed oxyalkylene groups; Polyalkoxylated fatty alcohols or polyalkoxylated alkylaryl alcohols with mixed oxyalkylele groups

Definitions

• the invention relates to the novel use of low-foam or foam-suppressing and biodegradable surfactants and surfactant mixtures in detergents and cleaning agents, in particular rinse aids for machine dishwashing with good wetting and draining action against hard surfaces.
• the invention gives particular advantages when cleaning molded parts made of plastics.
• the rinse aid must be as low-foaming as possible.
• anionic surfactants such as higher molecular weight alkyl sulfates or alkyl or alkyl aryl sulfonates, are known to have a strong tendency to foam and are therefore not suitable for this use, nonionic surfactants based on ethylene oxide adducts with fatty alcohols, alkylphenols or polypropylene glycols of relatively high molecular weights are preferred in practice .
• nonionic alkoxylation products which are sparingly water-soluble at rinsing temperatures, such as, for example, ethylene oxide adducts with higher alcohols, alkylphenols or amines with a low degree of ethoxylation or corresponding adducts of ethylene oxide and propylene oxide or propylene oxide and ethylene oxide.
• ethylene oxide adducts with higher alcohols, alkylphenols or amines with a low degree of ethoxylation or corresponding adducts of ethylene oxide and propylene oxide or propylene oxide and ethylene oxide have no wetting effect at application temperatures and therefore represent a burden on the rinse aid.
• plastic dishes e.g. made of polypropylene or polycarbonate.
• plastic tableware e.g. made of the plastic "Makrolon”
• low-foaming surfactants have an insufficient wetting ability. If, on the other hand, good wetting surfactants such as fatty alcohol ethoxylates are used, they do not meet the technically necessary requirements for low foam.
• the invention relates to the use of end group-capped in a first embodiment Alkyl or alkenyl polyethylene glycol ethers of the general formula (I) R1-O- (CH2CH2O) n -R2 (I) in the R1 a straight-chain or branched alkyl and / or alkenyl radical with 8 to 18 carbon atoms, R2 an alkyl radical with 8 to 14 carbon atoms and n a number from 20 to 40 mean, as a low-foam and / or foam-suppressing surfactant component in aqueous dishwashing detergents and cleaning agents with a particularly high wetting action compared to solid plastics.
• a particularly important area of use for these nonionic surfactant components of the general formula (I) in the sense of the invention is the area of rinse aids already mentioned at the beginning with improved wetting action compared to solid plastic surfaces, but at the same time less or less foam formation.
• Compounds of the general formula (I) which are preferably used according to the invention contain, as the radical R2, an alkyl radical having 8 to 10 and in particular 10 carbon atoms.
• the preferred value for n is a number from 25 to 35.
• surfactant components of the general formula (I) selected surfactant mixtures which are distinguished by particularly good properties in the specified field of use.
• component (A) the compounds of the general formula (I) are referred to as component (A), which are mixed with one or more of the Ten sid components B-1 to B-3 are used.
• These mixture components B-1 to B-3 correspond to the compounds of the general formulas (II), (III) and (IV) given below.
• surfactant mixtures for use in detergents and cleaning agents, in particular in rinse aid with a high wetting action compared to solid plastics, but with reduced foaming are described, which are characterized by the content of (A) alkyl or alkenyl polyethylene glycol ethers of the general formula (I) in admixture with (B) at least one of the following nonionic alkyl or alkenyl polyethylene glycol ether surfactant components of the general formulas (II) to (IV), in which each R1 has the meaning given for the formula (I), (B-1) compounds of the general formula (II) in the mean, (B-2) compounds of the general formula (III) R1-O- (CH2CH2O) c -R4 (III) in the R4 an alkyl radical with 4 to 8 carbon atoms and c a number from 7 to 12 mean, (B-3) compounds of the general formula (IV) R1-O- (CH2CH2O) d -
• the invention relates to surfactant mixtures of the type specified, which are characterized in that they are mixtures of alkyl or alkenyl polyglycol ethers of the general formulas (I) and (II) in a mixing ratio of 50:50 to 20:80 parts by weight (I): (II) included.
• mixture component (A) in admixture with the non-end-capped polyethylene glycol ethers of the general formula (IV) - component B-3.
• the mixture components B-1 and / or B-2 are also additionally present in the surfactant mixture according to the invention or used according to the invention.
• a particularly preferred object of the invention accordingly contains the nonionic surfactant components in the following proportions 10 to 40% by weight, preferably 15 to 25% by weight of compounds of the general formula (I) 10 to 40% by weight, preferably 15 to 30% by weight of compounds of the general formula (IV) 20 to 80% by weight, preferably 45 to 65% by weight of compounds of the general formulas (II) and / or (III).
• Mixture components from the class of cosurfactants B-1 to B-3 which are particularly preferred are the following types of compounds: Compounds of general formula (II): C12 / 14-3EO-6PO Compounds of the general formula (III): C12 / 18-10EO-C4 Compounds of general formula (IV): C12 / 14-30EO
• the invention relates to low-foaming detergents and / or cleaning agents, in particular rinse aids for machine dishwashing in the home and business, with improved wetting properties compared to plastics based on a preferably aqueous solution of nonionic surfactants from the class of alkyl and / or alkenyl Polyethylene glycol ether, where, in addition to the surfactants or surfactant mixtures described above, these agents can, if desired, contain customary mixture components, such as solubilizers, hydrotropic substances, agents for preventing limescale, fragrances and / or dyes and, if appropriate, further auxiliaries.
• Aqueous rinse aids of this type in particular are described in principle in the publications DE-OS 35 12 120 and 35 30 303 mentioned at the outset. In order to complete the disclosure of the invention, the essential details are listed again below.
• the alkyl polyethylene glycol ethers used according to the invention are used in the rinse aid in a concentration of 5 to 80, preferably 25 to 50% by weight, and preferably in an aqueous solution.
• solubilizing substances such as mono- or polyvalent alkanols (e.g. ethanol, propanol, isopropanol, ethylene glycol, propylene glycol) - preferably in amounts of about 5 to 20% by weight, based on the total rinse aid.
• mono- or polyvalent alkanols e.g. ethanol, propanol, isopropanol, ethylene glycol, propylene glycol
• Hydrotropic substances such as the alkali metal salts of low molecular weight alkylbenzenesulfonic acids, sodium cumene sulfonate, sodium xylene sulfonate or sodium toluenesulfonate, are also effective.
• the amounts of the solubilizing and / or hydrotropic substances can be between 0 and 40% by weight, based on the total rinse aid.
• 0 to 40 preferably 10 to 35% by weight, based on the total rinse aid, of complexing agents, such as, for example, citric acid, tartaric acid, glycolic acid and / or a commercial technical mixture of succinic acid, glutaric acid and adipic acid (Sokalan DCS (R) from BASF) can be used.
• complexing agents such as, for example, citric acid, tartaric acid, glycolic acid and / or a commercial technical mixture of succinic acid, glutaric acid and adipic acid (Sokalan DCS (R) from BASF
• Binc AM 2-phosphonobutane-1,2,4-tricarboxylic acid
• the application concentration ions can also be lower and be 0 to 10, preferably 2 to 7% by weight, based on the total rinse aid.
• customary color, fragrance and preservatives can be added in the customary manner for use in rinse aids.
• fatty alcohols such as n-octanol, n-decanol, n-dodecanol, n-tetradecanol, n-hexadecanol, n-octadecanol and / or unsaturated components such as n-octadecene can be used as starting material for the preparation of the polyglycol ethers of the general formula (I) 9,10-ol (oleyl alcohol) but also alcohols of the stated carbon number of other origin, for example oxo alcohols, can be used individually or in a mixture.
• the fatty alcohols described above are advantageously reacted with ethylene oxide in a molar ratio of 1:20 to 1:40 and in particular in molar ratios of about 1:25 to 1:35 and then etherified Hydroxy groups present in the reaction product obtained at least partially.
• the reaction with ethylene oxide takes place under the known alkoxylation conditions, preferably in the presence of suitable alkaline catalysts.
• the etherification of the free hydroxyl groups is preferably carried out under the known conditions of Williamson's ether synthesis with straight-chain and / or branched C8 to C14 alkyl halides, the use of appropriate alkyl chlorides being particularly suitable.
• alkyl halide and alkali in an approximately stoichiometric ratio to about twice the stoichiometric excess, so that molar ratios of the ethoxylated alcohol to the alkyl halide in the range from about 1.0: 0.9 to 1.0: 2.0 are particularly suitable.
• the invention relates in a further embodiment to a process for the production of low-foaming rinse aids for machine dishwashing in the home and business, this process being characterized in that surfactants or surfactant mixtures of the type specified are prepared and the reaction product obtained with water and / or mixes the other auxiliaries mentioned.
• the wetting capacity of the surfactant mixtures listed in the examples was determined using the following method: In a plastic tub 40 cm long, 28 cm wide and 12 cm high, 3 l of water with a water hardness of 16 ° dH and a temperature of 65 ° C are poured. 2.4 g of the surfactant mixtures given in the examples are dissolved in this amount of water. Before this liquid cools down, a Makrolon plastic plate with a diameter of 24 cm is completely immersed in this solution and left in this surfactant solution for about 30 seconds. The plate is then pulled out and already assessed visually when it is pulled out. It is evaluated how quickly the water film still adhering to the plastic plate when it is pulled out of the cleaning solution tears open, which leads to dry spots on the plate being visible.
• the rating number is 100%.
• a rating of 60% means here conditions that after this time only 60% of the plate surface is covered by a film of water. The higher this rating number for one of the surfactant mixtures given in the examples, the better its wetting power.
• the foam-suppressing effect of the antifoams listed in the examples was tested using the following test method: In 500 ml of water with a water hardness of 16 ° dH, 1 g of whole egg is whisked homogeneously and 1.5 g of the dishwasher cleaner "Topmat intensive" (brand name from Henkel) is dissolved. This liquid is then poured into a double-walled measuring cylinder of 2,000 ml and heated to 40 ° C. After the test temperature has been reached, 0.25 g of the low-foam surfactant mixture given in the examples is added to this amount of liquid. With the help of a laboratory hose pump, this solution is sucked from the bottom of the measuring cylinder with a glass tube.
• the liquid is returned to the measuring cylinder via a second tube, the lower end of which ends at the height of the upper edge of the measuring cylinder.
• the liquid is pumped around at a circulation rate of 4 l / min and falls back into the measuring cylinder. This pumping around the liquid creates foam. After 1, 2, 3, 4, 5, 7 and 10 min pumping time, the volumes given in the examples are read, which have formed from foam and liquid after these times.
• Coconut alcohol is a linear saturated fatty alcohol with a C chain distribution of approximately 70% C12 and 30% C14.
• the surfactant mixture consists of 50% by weight coconut alcohol-3EO-6PO 50% by weight coconut alcohol-5EO-4PO Valuation number network assets: 30%.
• the surfactant mixture consists of 70% coconut alcohol-3EO-6PO 30% coconut alcohol-30EO Valuation number network assets: 80%

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• Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
• Life Sciences & Earth Sciences (AREA)
• Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
• Chemical Kinetics & Catalysis (AREA)
• Oil, Petroleum & Natural Gas (AREA)
• Wood Science & Technology (AREA)
• Organic Chemistry (AREA)
• Detergent Compositions (AREA)

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Publications (1)

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Cited By (10)

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Citations (3)

• 1988
  • 1988-05-27 DE DE3818062A patent/DE3818062A1/de not_active Withdrawn
• 1989
  • 1989-05-18 WO PCT/EP1989/000544 patent/WO1989011525A1/fr not_active Application Discontinuation
  • 1989-05-18 EP EP89108903A patent/EP0343503A1/fr not_active Withdrawn
  • 1989-05-18 JP JP1505477A patent/JPH03504613A/ja active Pending
  • 1989-05-18 EP EP89906075A patent/EP0415988A1/fr active Pending
  • 1989-05-26 ZA ZA894027A patent/ZA894027B/xx unknown

Patent Citations (3)

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