EP0226167B1 - Procédé de pliage de matériau allongé ainsi que machine pour exécuter ce procédé - Google Patents

Procédé de pliage de matériau allongé ainsi que machine pour exécuter ce procédé Download PDF

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Publication number
EP0226167B1
EP0226167B1 EP86117135A EP86117135A EP0226167B1 EP 0226167 B1 EP0226167 B1 EP 0226167B1 EP 86117135 A EP86117135 A EP 86117135A EP 86117135 A EP86117135 A EP 86117135A EP 0226167 B1 EP0226167 B1 EP 0226167B1
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EP
European Patent Office
Prior art keywords
bending
machine according
fixtures
bending machine
drive
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Expired - Lifetime
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EP86117135A
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German (de)
English (en)
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EP0226167A3 (en
EP0226167A2 (fr
Inventor
Helmut Dipl.-Ing. Dischler
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Individual
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Priority to AT86117135T priority Critical patent/ATE82883T1/de
Publication of EP0226167A2 publication Critical patent/EP0226167A2/fr
Publication of EP0226167A3 publication Critical patent/EP0226167A3/de
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    • BPERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B21MECHANICAL METAL-WORKING WITHOUT ESSENTIALLY REMOVING MATERIAL; PUNCHING METAL
    • B21FWORKING OR PROCESSING OF METAL WIRE
    • B21F1/00Bending wire other than coiling; Straightening wire
    • BPERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B21MECHANICAL METAL-WORKING WITHOUT ESSENTIALLY REMOVING MATERIAL; PUNCHING METAL
    • B21DWORKING OR PROCESSING OF SHEET METAL OR METAL TUBES, RODS OR PROFILES WITHOUT ESSENTIALLY REMOVING MATERIAL; PUNCHING METAL
    • B21D11/00Bending not restricted to forms of material mentioned in only one of groups B21D5/00, B21D7/00, B21D9/00; Bending not provided for in groups B21D5/00 - B21D9/00; Twisting
    • B21D11/10Bending specially adapted to produce specific articles, e.g. leaf springs
    • B21D11/12Bending specially adapted to produce specific articles, e.g. leaf springs the articles being reinforcements for concrete
    • BPERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B21MECHANICAL METAL-WORKING WITHOUT ESSENTIALLY REMOVING MATERIAL; PUNCHING METAL
    • B21DWORKING OR PROCESSING OF SHEET METAL OR METAL TUBES, RODS OR PROFILES WITHOUT ESSENTIALLY REMOVING MATERIAL; PUNCHING METAL
    • B21D7/00Bending rods, profiles, or tubes
    • B21D7/02Bending rods, profiles, or tubes over a stationary forming member; by use of a swinging forming member or abutment
    • B21D7/022Bending rods, profiles, or tubes over a stationary forming member; by use of a swinging forming member or abutment over a stationary forming member only

Definitions

  • the invention relates to a bending machine for bending strand-like material, in particular wires, pipes, cables, profiles or the like, with two bending apparatuses arranged next to one another at a distance, each having at least two bending pressure pieces and drives for moving at least one of the bending pressure pieces essentially transversely to Have material, the drives are designed to work in opposite directions.
  • Bending machines currently in use are described in DE-OS 16 52 822 and DE-PS 537 904. They have two or more bending apparatuses next to each other, each with two bending pressure pieces. In the bending machine according to the first-mentioned document, the distance between the bending apparatuses can also be adjusted so that bends with different distances from one another can be produced.
  • Another bending machine is known from DE-GM 18 81 368, which has a bending apparatus with roller-shaped bending pressure pieces. Furthermore, roller guides are provided for the wire to be bent.
  • a bending principle is used in the bending machines described above, in which the material to be bent is bent around one of the bending pressure pieces by applying a bending force.
  • the inner bending radius then corresponds to the radius of the bending pressure piece.
  • Large bending radii in the order of magnitude of the respective bending apparatus and above cannot be produced with this bending principle.
  • the bending pressure pieces must be exchanged for other bending pressure pieces with the corresponding radius in order to produce different bending radii.
  • FR-A-832 536 there are various embodiments of Bending machines of the type mentioned at the outset are disclosed, in which the strand-like material is deformed into an arc between two bending apparatuses arranged at a distance from one another, each with two bending pressure pieces.
  • the bending apparatuses can be rotated in opposite directions with the aid of a drive and thus act essentially transversely to the material with the aid of the bending pressure pieces.
  • the drives have worm gears that engage in the outer jacket of the bending apparatus and, on the other hand, cable pulls.
  • the bending apparatuses are arranged in a stationary manner, while in the embodiments according to FIGS. 4 and 5 they are guided so as to be movable towards one another.
  • the rod-shaped material is clamped on the bending pressure pieces together with a bending template made of resilient material.
  • the pipe to be bent should be filled with material, for example sand or the like, or with a liquid in order to distribute the loads on the pipe more evenly.
  • bending machines shown in FR-A-832 536 are partly inoperative, or clean and reproducible bends cannot be achieved without the use of additional aids, such as bending templates or fillings. These may be the reasons why the bending principle on which this bending machine is based - as far as is known - was no longer taken up in other publications, but rather that all publications which subsequently became known deal with the bending principle described at the outset.
  • the invention has for its object to design a bending machine of the type mentioned so that extremely clean and reproducible bends can be achieved with it, and without the use of additional aids.
  • the bending pressure pieces each have a freely rotatable jacket. Due to the roller-shaped configuration of the bending pressure pieces, the material to be bent is kept free of any further forces, since the material can slip between the bending pressure pieces during bending. In this way, only turning or bending moments are impressed during the bending process, and it is avoided that other forces act. The result of this is that the material bends out freely and evenly in the space between the two bending apparatuses.
  • the object can also be achieved in that at least one of the bending devices is guided so that it can move freely, so that only bending moments are applied.
  • the distance between the bending devices can decrease in accordance with the progress of the bending process due to the free mobility of at least one of the bending devices.
  • the free mobility can also be replaced by a positive guide to reduce the distance between the bending devices in accordance with the progress of the bending process and in accordance with a movement sequence which occurs with freely movable bending devices, so that in this case too, only bending moments are applied.
  • Both embodiments are particularly suitable for bending material with a rough surface, such as structural steel, because this material would hardly slide between the two bending pressure pieces according to the first-mentioned solution. The occurrence of additional forces is avoided by the relative movement of the two bending devices during the bending process.
  • the bending apparatus If the same bending radii are always to be produced with the bending machine according to the first-mentioned solution, it is sufficient for the bending apparatus to have a fixed distance from one another. If this distance can be changed, it is possible to produce different bending radii accordingly. This can be done in that the bending apparatus can be fixed at different intervals.
  • the bending pressure pieces can be moved transversely to the material in a simple and known manner with the aid of a rotary drive.
  • the bending pressure pieces can be arranged on a turntable.
  • Linear drives are to be understood in particular as hydraulic or pneumatic cylinders or also spindle drives or the like.
  • each bending apparatus has its own, separately reversible drive. This opens up the possibility of being able to drive the axes of rotation not only in opposite directions, but also in the same direction, or even just one of the axes of rotation. In this way, various bends can be produced.
  • the above-mentioned forced guidance of the bending apparatuses can be designed in a simple manner as a pivoting device to which the bending apparatuses are attached, the pivoting devices being pivotable relative to one another via at least one drive.
  • the swivel devices can each as two guide links can be formed, each forming a four-bar arch. It is useful that the guide links each run parallel to each other and also have the same length, so that the respective four-bar arch forms a parallelogram.
  • a simple construction results when the guide links are articulated on the bending apparatus in the axes of the bending pressure pieces.
  • a guide link of the one bending device should be synchronized with a guide link of the other bending device via a transmission.
  • This can be done in a simple manner by means of two meshing gears or gear segments.
  • the gearwheel transmission is particularly simple if one of the guide links is mounted in the pivot axis of the associated four-bar link, that is, its articulation point only executes a rotary movement.
  • the two four-bar arches can be moved in a simple manner, they should be suspended from a pivotably mounted drive link, preferably in a V-shaped arrangement with pivot axes lying close to one another.
  • the free ends of the drive link can then be coupled to the drive motor.
  • the drive motor acting on one of the link connections.
  • both bending devices are only over actuates a drive motor, which is particularly advantageous for training as a hand-held device, since this saves weight.
  • the drive motor can then be designed, for example, as a pressure cylinder with a return spring.
  • Other drives such as, for example, electrical or, in exceptional cases, hydraulic drives are also possible.
  • each bending apparatus may be expedient for one bending pressure piece of each bending apparatus to lie in the axis of rotation, that is to say it serves only as an abutment. In this case, only one of the bending pressure pieces is moved transversely to the material to be bent.
  • the distance between the bending pressure pieces of a bending apparatus should also be adjustable in order to further improve the adaptability.
  • the bending pressure pieces taper conically towards their free ends. This opens up the possibility of inserting the material to be bent between the bending pressure pieces without play. In this way, the same bending results can be achieved at the same angles of rotation regardless of the thickness of the material.
  • the invention provides that a pressure piece is arranged between the bending apparatus, which prevents the formation of a circular arc, so that a U-bend can be made with a straight connection between the corner bends.
  • the bending machine (1) shown in Figures (1) and (2) has a table top (2) with welded-on feet (3, 4).
  • the table top (2) has a straight slot (5) in which two bending devices (6, 7) are easily displaceable, but non-rotatably. This is done by means of two rollers (8, 9) or (10, 11) arranged symmetrically to the central axis, the diameter of which corresponds to the width of the slot (5).
  • a rotary drive is provided in each of the bending apparatuses (6, 7), for example an electric motor with a gear or a hydraulic motor. Both drive a shaft (12) or (13), at their free ends Turntable (14) or (15) is attached. There are two bending pressure pieces (16, 17) and (18, 19) on the turntables (14, 15), which extend parallel to the axes of rotation of the shafts (12, 13). They each consist of an axis (20, 21) or (22, 23) connected to the turntable (14) or (15) and a roller (25, 26) or (27, 28) attached to it. The rollers (25, 26) and (27, 28) are rotatable about the axes (20, 21) and (22, 23).
  • Figures (3) and (4) show the main operating modes of the bending machine (1) according to Figures (1) and (2), namely in a top view of the two bending devices (6, 7) and their turntables ( 14, 15) with the bending pressure pieces (16, 17) or (18, 19).
  • the table top (2) is omitted for the sake of clarity.
  • the turntables (14, 15) are in the position shown in FIG. (2), so that a material to be bent, for example a wire (29), is inserted between the bending pressure pieces (16, 17) or (18, 19) can be. If the two turntables (14, 15) are driven simultaneously and in opposite directions, as can be seen in FIGS. (3) and (4) by indicating the arrows C, D, E, F, the bending pressure pieces (16, 17) or (18, 19) is moved essentially transversely against the wire (29) and thus a bending moment is applied to the wire (29) so that the wire (29) begins to bend freely.
  • the distance between the two turntables (14, 15) automatically shortens until the U-shape shown in FIG. (4) is reached.
  • the bending radius depends on the distance between the turntables (14, 15) at the start of the bending process.
  • the bend of the wire (29) can also be produced with a fixed distance between the two turntables (14, 15).
  • the fact that the distance between the turntables (14, 15) can no longer change during the bending process is replaced by the fact that the rollers (25, 26) and (27, 28) allow the wire (29) to slide out accordingly , provided the wire (29) is relatively smooth.
  • a pure bending moment is impressed on the wire (29), i. H. there are no additional forces.
  • the bending radius then depends on the previously set distance between the two turntables (14, 15).
  • Figure (5) shows another bending machine (32) as it is particularly suitable for a portable hand-held device that can be used, for example, on construction sites. It has a base plate (33) which carries a hydraulic cylinder (34) in which a piston (35) with an upwardly projecting piston rod (36) is guided. The lower side of the piston (35) in this view can be pressurized via an opening (37). A return spring (38) acts on the other side of the piston (35) and tends to push the piston (35) down again when the pressure is released.
  • the upper, free end of the piston rod (36) is connected to an articulated connection (39) of two V-shaped pressure plates (40, 41).
  • the pressure lugs (40, 41) are in turn connected to the other ends via articulated connections (42, 43) with two drive levers (44, 45) which run in the manner of an upturned V and are attached to the base plate (33) by bolts ( 46, 47) are rotatably mounted.
  • the pressure plates (40, 41) are pushed up and thereby pivot the drive levers (44, 45) in the direction of the arrows K, L around the bolts (46, 47).
  • Two guide links (48) and (49) are also freely rotatably mounted on the bolts (46, 47).
  • a further guide link (50, 51) each runs parallel to it, which is articulated at one end on the drive levers (44) or (45) approximately in the middle between the bolts (46) or (47) and the articulated connections (42) or (43) are hung.
  • the guide links (48, 50) and (49, 51) are articulated at their other ends to a bending device (52, 53). In this way, the guide links (48, 50) with the bending device (52) and the guide links (49, 51) with the bending device (53) kinematically form four-articulated arches, which with the aid of the drive levers (44, 45) move towards or away from each other can be pivoted.
  • the bending apparatuses (52, 53) each consist of a turntable (54, 55) with bending pressure pieces (56, 57, 58, 59) that are perpendicular to the plane of the drawing.
  • the respective upper bending pressure pieces (57, 58) are composed of a stud (60) or (61) and a roller (62, 63) placed over them, while the respective lower bending pressure pieces ( 56, 59) consist of only one stud (65, 66). All four stud bolts (60, 61, 65, 66) protrude from the rear.
  • the guide links (48, 49, 50, 51) are articulated to these projections.
  • a downward sagging of the wire (69) then occurs between the bending apparatuses (52, 53), the bending angle depending on the pivoting angle of the drive lever (44, 45).
  • the desired bending radius is determined by the distance between the two bending devices (52, 53) at the beginning of the bending process. The larger it is, the larger the bending radius that arises during the bending process.
  • wires can be produced with the desired bending angle and radius without having to change anything on the bending machine (32) itself.
  • the bending machine (70) shown in FIG. (6) has a table top (71) which has a straight slot (72) Has.
  • Two bending devices (73, 74) are easily displaceable, but non-rotatably guided in this slot (72). This can be done in the same way as in the embodiment of Figures (1) and (2).
  • the bending apparatus (73) on the left in this view has a bending pressure piece (75) attached to it, serving as an abutment, and a further bending pressure piece (76) arranged at a distance from it.
  • the latter is attached to the free end of a piston rod (77) extending transversely to the slot (72), the other end of which is attached to a piston (79) guided in a hydraulic cylinder (78).
  • the hydraulic cylinder (78) is fixed in place on the bending apparatus (73).
  • the right-hand bending apparatus (74) in this view also has two bending pressure pieces (80, 81) which are arranged at a distance from one another and are each seated at the free ends of piston rods (82, 83) which extend transversely to the slot (72) extend and are guided by pistons (84, 85) in hydraulic cylinders (86, 87). The latter are attached to the bending apparatus (74) in a stationary manner.
  • the bending machine (70) shown in Figure (6) can of course also be designed so that it has two of the bending devices (73) or two of the bending devices (74) - each in a mirror-image version.

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  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
  • Bending Of Plates, Rods, And Pipes (AREA)
  • Wire Processing (AREA)

Claims (16)

  1. Machine de pliage pour plier un matériau allongé, en particulier des fils métalliques, des tubes, des câbles, des profilés ou objets similaires, présentant deux appareils de pliage (6, 7 ; 52, 53) agencés en juxtaposition à distance et comportant, à chaque fois, au moins deux organes presseurs de pliage (16, 17, 18, 19 ; 56, 57, 58, 59) et des entraînements (34) pour imprimer des mouvements à au moins l'un respectif des organes presseurs de pliage (16, 17, 18, 19 ; 56, 57, 58, 59), pour l'essentiel transversalement par rapport au matériau (29 ; 69 ; 88), les entraînements étant réalisés pour fonctionner dans des sens opposés,
    caractérisée par le fait que les organes presseurs de pliage (16, 17, 18, 19 ; 56, 57, 58, 59) possèdent respectivement une enveloppe (25, 26, 27, 28 ; 62, 63) pouvant tourner librement.
  2. Machine de pliage pour plier un matériau allongé, en particulier des fils métalliques, des tubes, des câbles, des profilés ou objets similaires, également selon la revendication 1, présentant deux appareils de pliage (6, 7 ; 52, 53 ; 73, 74) agencés en juxtaposition à distance et comportant, à chaque fois, au moins deux organes presseurs de pliage (16, 17, 18, 19 ; 56, 57, 58, 59 ; 75, 76, 80, 81) et des entraînements pour imprimer des mouvements à au moins l'un respectif des organes presseurs de pliage (16, 17, 18, 19 ; 56, 57, 58, 59 ; 75, 76, 80, 81), pour l'essentiel transversalement par rapport au matériau (29, 69 ; 88), les entraînements étant réalisés pour fonctionner dans des sens opposés, et au moins l'un des appareils de pliage (6, 7 ; 52, 53 ; 73, 74) étant guidé avec mobilité, par rapport à l'autre, dans un plan perpendiculaire aux axes (12, 13),
    caractérisée par le fait qu'au moins l'un des appareils de pliage (6, 7 ; 52, 53 ; 73, 74) est guidé avec libre mobilité, de telle sorte qu'exclusivement des couples de flexion soient imposés.
  3. Machine de pliage pour plier un matériau allongé, en particulier des fils métalliques, des tubes, des câbles, des profilés ou objets similaires, également selon la revendication 1,
    présentant deux appareils de pliage (6, 7 ; 52, 53 ; 73, 74) agencés en juxtaposition à distance et comportant, à chaque fois, au moins deux organes presseurs de pliage (16, 17, 18, 19 ; 56, 57, 58, 59 ; 75, 76, 80, 81) et des entraînements pour imprimer des mouvements à au moins l'un respectif des organes presseurs de pliage (16, 17, 18, 19 ; 56, 57, 58, 59 ; 75, 76, 80, 81), pour l'essentiel transversalement par rapport au matériau (29, 69 ; 88), les entraînements étant réalisés pour fonctionner dans des sens opposés, et au moins l'un des appareils de pliage (6, 7 ; 52, 53 ; 73, 74) étant guidé avec mobilité, par rapport à l'autre, dans un plan perpendiculaire aux axes (12, 13),
    caractérisée par le fait qu'un guidage forcé (48, 50 ; 49, 51 ; 34) est prévu pour diminuer la distance comprise entre les appareils de pliage (52, 53) en concordance avec la progression lors du processus de pliage, et en concordance avec un processus moteur qui s'ajuste, lorsque les appareils de pliage (52, 53) sont guidés avec libre mobilité, de telle sorte qu'exclusivement des couples de flexion soient imposés.
  4. Machine de pliage selon la revendication 1,
    caractérisée par le fait que les appareils de pliage (6, 7) peuvent être verrouillés à demeure à des distances différentes.
  5. Machine de pliage selon l'une des revendications 1 à 4,
    caractérisée par le fait que les appareils de pliage (6, 7 ; 52, 53) sont munis d'un entraînement en rotation.
  6. Machine de pliage selon l'une des revendications 1 ou 4,
    caractérisée par le fait qu'au moins l'un respectif des organes presseurs de pliage est relié à un entraînement linéaire (78, 86, 87).
  7. Machine de pliage selon la revendication 3,
    caractérisée par le fait que le guidage forcé est réalisé sous la forme d'un dispositif pivotant (48, 50 ; 49, 51) sur lequel les appareils de pliage (52, 53) sont installés, les dispositifs pivotants (48, 50 ; 49, 51) pouvant pivoter, l'un par rapport à l'autre, par l'intermédiaire d'au moins un entraînement (34).
  8. Machine de pliage selon la revendication 7,
    caractérisée par le fait que les dispositifs pivotants sont respectivement conçus sous la forme de deux biellettes de guidage (48, 50 ; 49, 51) qui matérialisent, à chaque fois, un arceau à quatre articulations.
  9. Machine de pliage selon la revendication 8,
    caractérisée par le fait que les biellettes de guidage (48, 50 ; 49, 51) s'étendent à chaque fois parallèlement l'une à l'autre, et présentent la même longueur.
  10. Machine de pliage selon la revendication 8 ou 9,
    caractérisée par le fait que les biellettes de guidage (48, 50 ; 49, 51) sont articulées, sur les appareils de pliage (52, 53), en coïncidence avec les axes des bras de pliage (56, 57, 58, 59).
  11. Machine de pliage selon les revendications 8 à 10,
    caractérisée par le fait qu'une biellette de guidage (48) de l'un (52) des appareils de pliage est synchronisée, par l'entremise d'un engrenage (67, 68), avec une biellette de guidage (49) de l'autre appareil de pliage (53).
  12. Machine de pliage selon l'une des revendications 8 à 11,
    caractérisée par le fait que l'une respective des biellettes de guidage (48, 49) est montée sur l'axe de pivotement (46, 47) de l'arceau associé à quatre articulations.
  13. Machine de pliage selon l'une des revendications 8 à 12,
    caractérisée par le fait que chaque arceau à quatre articulations est suspendu à une biellette d'entraînement (44, 45) montée à pivotement.
  14. Machine de pliage selon la revendication 13,
    caractérisée par le fait que les biellettes d'entraînement (44, 45) s'étendent en forme de V, avec des axes de pivotement (46, 47) étroitement rapprochés l'un de l'autre.
  15. Machine de pliage selon la revendication 13 ou 14,
    caractérisée par le fait que les extrémités libres des biellettes d'entraînement (44, 45) sont accouplées à un moteur d'entraînement (34).
  16. Machine de pliage selon la revendication 15,
    caractérisée par le fait que les biellettes d'entraînement (44, 45) sont articulées sur deux attaches de pression (40, 41) reliées l'une à l'autre, de manière articulée, en formant un quadrilatère articulé, le moteur d'entraînement (34) agissant sur l'une (39) des liaisons d'articulation.
EP86117135A 1985-12-13 1986-12-09 Procédé de pliage de matériau allongé ainsi que machine pour exécuter ce procédé Expired - Lifetime EP0226167B1 (fr)

Priority Applications (1)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
AT86117135T ATE82883T1 (de) 1985-12-13 1986-12-09 Verfahren zum biegen von strangfoermigem material sowie biegemaschine zur durchfuehrung dieses verfahrens.

Applications Claiming Priority (2)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
DE3544056 1985-12-13
DE19853544056 DE3544056A1 (de) 1985-12-13 1985-12-13 Biegemaschine

Publications (3)

Publication Number Publication Date
EP0226167A2 EP0226167A2 (fr) 1987-06-24
EP0226167A3 EP0226167A3 (en) 1988-11-23
EP0226167B1 true EP0226167B1 (fr) 1992-12-02

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Application Number Title Priority Date Filing Date
EP86117135A Expired - Lifetime EP0226167B1 (fr) 1985-12-13 1986-12-09 Procédé de pliage de matériau allongé ainsi que machine pour exécuter ce procédé

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Country Link
US (2) US4798073A (fr)
EP (1) EP0226167B1 (fr)
JP (1) JP2534245B2 (fr)
AT (1) ATE82883T1 (fr)
CA (1) CA1336877C (fr)
DE (2) DE3544056A1 (fr)
ES (1) ES2037005T3 (fr)

Cited By (1)

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CN105215103A (zh) * 2015-09-24 2016-01-06 安徽省宁国市天成科技发展有限公司 一种u形加热管连续加工设备

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CA1336877C (fr) 1995-09-05
US4890469A (en) 1990-01-02
JPS62187524A (ja) 1987-08-15
DE3544056A1 (de) 1987-06-25
EP0226167A3 (en) 1988-11-23
DE3687221D1 (de) 1993-01-14
EP0226167A2 (fr) 1987-06-24
ATE82883T1 (de) 1992-12-15
US4798073A (en) 1989-01-17
ES2037005T3 (es) 1993-06-16
JP2534245B2 (ja) 1996-09-11

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