EP0162372A2 - Ski, en particulier ski de fond - Google Patents

Ski, en particulier ski de fond Download PDF

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Publication number
EP0162372A2
EP0162372A2 EP85105629A EP85105629A EP0162372A2 EP 0162372 A2 EP0162372 A2 EP 0162372A2 EP 85105629 A EP85105629 A EP 85105629A EP 85105629 A EP85105629 A EP 85105629A EP 0162372 A2 EP0162372 A2 EP 0162372A2
Authority
EP
European Patent Office
Prior art keywords
ski
ski according
measuring device
gear
country
Prior art date
Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
Granted
Application number
EP85105629A
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German (de)
English (en)
Other versions
EP0162372B1 (fr
EP0162372A3 (en
Inventor
Klaus Dr. Hölzl
Current Assignee (The listed assignees may be inaccurate. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation or warranty as to the accuracy of the list.)
TMC Corp
Original Assignee
TMC Corp
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Filing date
Publication date
Application filed by TMC Corp filed Critical TMC Corp
Publication of EP0162372A2 publication Critical patent/EP0162372A2/fr
Publication of EP0162372A3 publication Critical patent/EP0162372A3/de
Application granted granted Critical
Publication of EP0162372B1 publication Critical patent/EP0162372B1/fr
Anticipated expiration legal-status Critical
Expired - Lifetime legal-status Critical Current

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    • A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
    • A63—SPORTS; GAMES; AMUSEMENTS
    • A63C—SKATES; SKIS; ROLLER SKATES; DESIGN OR LAYOUT OF COURTS, RINKS OR THE LIKE
    • A63C5/00—Skis or snowboards
    • A63C5/06—Skis or snowboards with special devices thereon, e.g. steering devices
    • A63C5/07—Skis or snowboards with special devices thereon, e.g. steering devices comprising means for adjusting stiffness

Definitions

  • the invention relates to a ski, in particular a cross-country ski, the bending stiffness and / or curvature of which is adjustable.
  • a known ski of this type (see FR-PS 1,304,880) consists either of a metal hollow profile in which a sheet metal strip running in the longitudinal direction of the ski is adjustably mounted perpendicular to the running surface of the ski, or of two straps which are separated from one another by a layer of rubber-elastic material are.
  • slotted screws or slotted cap nuts are provided to change the flexural rigidity of the ski, which have to be adjusted by hand. Such an adjustment can easily lead to errors, since the snow conditions may change. change even while driving. It is therefore practically impossible to always set the correct value for the flexural rigidity of the ski.
  • the object of the invention is to bring about a preferably automatic optimization of the rigidity or curvature of the ski in different snow conditions and with different physical constitution, different weights and running styles of the users. In doing so, it uses the optimization principle of the trial and error method.
  • this method essentially consists in measuring the ski while running in a certain setting according to criteria essential for running, then adjusting its setting by a predetermined step and in the new setting again according to the the same criteria is measured. By comparing the results of the two measurements, it can be determined whether the adjustment of the ski has improved or worsened its running properties.
  • the ski will continue to be adjusted in the same direction, but if it deteriorates, the direction of the ski adjustment will be reversed and the adjustment step reduced, e.g. halved.
  • This procedure leads to a gradual optimization of the ski and continues until a further adjustment of the ski does not lead to any significant improvement in its running properties. Because of the reduction in the adjustment step that occurs with every change in the direction of the ski adjustment, it will generally suffice to specify a certain number of changes in the direction of the adjustment after which the optimization process can be terminated.
  • the object is achieved according to the invention primarily by an electronic computing device powered by a power source, which is connected to at least one measuring device or additionally to at least one electrical signal transmitter, which can be actuated preferably by the foot of the skier, and which has a display device, in particular for a Manual actuation, and / or a drive device for setting the flexural rigidity and / or curvature, if necessary only its control, is or are connected downstream.
  • FIG.l shows a block diagram of a first embodiment.
  • FIGS. 2 is a diagram illustrating the course of the pressure exerted by the skier on a ski during a cross-country step.
  • 2a is a longitudinal section through a ski, the pressure sensor of which is in the form of a capacitive pressure plate arranged approximately in the middle third
  • FIG. 2a is a side view of a cross-country ski, the top of which carries an acceleration sensor.
  • 3 shows a block diagram of a further embodiment.
  • a cross-country ski is shown in side view, which carries a signal generator and a watch on its top.
  • FIG. 5 shows part of a block diagram which is intended for cross-country skis according to FIGS. 6 and 7.
  • 6 and 7 illustrate in section or in side view two further variants of a ski according to the invention, in which the former also carries a capacitive pressure plate in addition to a button actuated by the foot of the skier, and the latter carries an accelerometer. 8-10, a gear is shown, which is used to adjust the ski, etc.
  • Figure 3 is a section along the line VIII-VIII in Figure 9
  • Figure 9 is a section along the line IX-IX in Figure 8
  • Figure 10 is a view in the direction of the arrow X in Figure 8.
  • FIGS. 8a and 9a show the connection of such a transmission to a ski, the tread of which is adjustable in the central part of the ski relative to the supporting ski body; 8b and 9b show the transmission in connection with a ski, the bending stiffness and / or curvature of which can be adjusted by a bending beam integrated in the ski.
  • Figures 8a, 8b and 9a, 9b correspond to the sections according to Figures 8 and 9.
  • Figures 11-13 show different embodiments of skis with a bending beam, etc. 11 shows a vertical longitudinal central section through a first embodiment and FIGS. 12 and 13 cross sections through a second and a third embodiment.
  • Fig.l shows a first embodiment of a block diagram in which a measuring device 100 is connected to a computing device 001, which is indicated by dash-dotted lines and is described below.
  • a buffer memory 101 is connected downstream of the measuring device 100 as the first component of the computing device 001.
  • a link 102 for curve analysis to which a step counter 103, which counts the number of cross-country steps, is assigned.
  • a line leads from the step counter 103 to a changeover switch 104, which, controlled by the step counter, feeds two memories 105 and 106.
  • the values stored in the two memories 105 and 106 are compared in a comparator 107, and the result is sent to a computer 108.
  • the computer 108 calculates the direction and the step size of the adjustment to be carried out Ski.
  • a link 109 is connected to the computer 108, which recognizes whether the direction of the new ski adjustment to be carried out corresponds to that of the previous one or not - the use of this link will be explained further below - and on the other hand a digital-to-analog converter which is no longer associated with the computing device 110 connected.
  • a line leads from the latter via an amplifier 111 to an actuator 112 or to a display device 113.
  • the member 109 is followed by a counter 114 for the number of changes in direction of the adjusting device and a comparator 115 for comparing this number with a preset value of changes in direction.
  • the link 102 for curve analysis is also connected to an evaluation link 116, the structure of which is explained below.
  • the buffer memory 101, the element 102 for curve analysis, the step counter 103 for the cross-country skiing steps, the evaluation element 116 and the counter 114 are connected to one another via lines.
  • the first embodiment of the evaluation element 116 which is connected to the element 102 for curve analysis, comprises an integrator 120, which is connected to a changeover switch 121, which optionally supplies the determined values to a third memory 122 or a fourth memory 123. Both memories 122 and 123 are connected to the inputs of a quotient former 124, the output of which leads to the changeover switch 104.
  • the integrator 120, the changeover switch 121 and the quotient generator 124 are connected to the current source 118 via the on / off element 117.
  • the second embodiment of the evaluation element 116 consists of two integrators 125 and 126, which are connected in series, the second integrator 126 being connected to the changeover switch 104. Also In this embodiment, the two integrators 125 and 126 are connected to the power source via the on / off element 117.
  • the pressure force P that the runner exerts on the ski is plotted over time T.
  • the repulsion takes place between the times T 1 and T 2 and the sliding takes place between the times T 3 and T 4.
  • the time T 4 is also the beginning of a new cross-country skiing step T 1 ' .
  • Pi is the weight of the skier that is on the ski while sliding.
  • FIG. 2a and 2b show two variants of a ski according to the invention.
  • the ski according to FIG. 2a is designated in its entirety by 10. It has a ski body 11 and a tread 12. Between the tread 12 and the ski body 11, approximately in the middle third of the ski 10, there is a flat pressure sensor, etc. a capacitive pressure plate 13, for example made of rubber-elastic material.
  • the ski 20 according to FIG. 2b which has a ski body 21 and a tread 22, is equipped with an acceleration sensor 23 which is arranged on the top of the ski.
  • the measuring device 100 which can either be the pressure sensor located in the tread or the acceleration sensor attached to the ski
  • the course of the pressure exerted on the ski or the acceleration of the ski is measured Dependence on time determined over a certain period of time.
  • These measurement curves are then stored in the buffer memory 101.
  • the step cycle is determined by mathematically determining the periodicities of the curves, which are analogous to those of the curve shown in FIG. If it is for further evaluation of the Curves are required, the times T I to T4, which characterize the push-off and sliding phase of a cross-country skiing step, can be determined in the link 102.
  • the steps of the runner determined in this way are counted in the counter 103 until a predetermined number of steps has been reached.
  • the counter 103 thus also determines those times between which the curves stored in the buffer 101 are to be evaluated.
  • the result of the evaluation for a predetermined number of cross-country steps which makes a statement about the quality of a setting of the ski, is then switched to the memory 105 via the switch 104, the result of the next series of cross-country steps which corresponds to a new ski setting, the memory 106 supplied etc.
  • the values from the two memories 105 and 106 are then compared with each other in the comparison member 107 before each new ski adjustment.
  • the computer 108 determines whether the last adjustment of the ski has produced a good or bad result for the running behavior. Depending on the direction and the step size of the next adjustment of the ski is - determined and controlled in accordance with the adjusting member 112.
  • an on / off element 117 which switches off the computing and measuring device or at least the adjusting element 112 when in the counter 114, which detects the number of changes in direction Adjustments registered, a predetermined number of changes in direction is exceeded.
  • This or in a similar way, ensures that the optimization process ends automatically when the change in the running properties of the ski becomes smaller than the personal running fluctuations of the cross-country skier due to the ever smaller adjustment steps.
  • the optimization process is automatically started again if the measuring and computing device operating continuously or intermittently is strong Deviation from the optimal value of the last measurement series.
  • the on / off switch 117 could be equipped with a clockwork.
  • the areas of the pressure curve over time, which correspond to pulses, are determined in the integrator 120 and then fed to the changeover switch 121, which stores the impulses of the repulsion phase in the memory 122 and those of the sliding phase in the memory 123 (cf. the previous explanations relating to FIG. 2).
  • the values are supplied to the quotient generator 124 from these two memories 122 and 123. The greater the ratio of the impulses during the push-off phase to those during the gliding phase for a cross-country step or a series of cross-country steps, the more efficient the ski.
  • the circuit according to Fig.lb is used.
  • the integral of the acceleration over time gives the speed and the integral of the speed over time gives the path, which is used as a criterion for the optimization of the ski in this exemplary embodiment.
  • the link 102 for curve analysis is connected to the first integrator 125 and this is again connected to the second integrator 126.
  • a line leads from this to the changeover switch 104, which supplies series of, for example ten, cross-country skiing steps of successive different ski settings to the memory 105 or 106.
  • Fig.3 Another embodiment to solve the task is shown in Fig.3 in the block diagram.
  • Measuring device 200 which is preferably a watch
  • an electrical signal transmitter 230 which can preferably be a switching element which can be actuated by the foot of the skier.
  • the measuring device 200 and the signal generator 230 are connected to a computing device 002.
  • the signal generator 230 is on the one hand operatively connected to the counter 203 for the number of cross-country steps and on the other hand to the measuring device 200.
  • the use of a separate signal generator 230 makes it possible to dispense with a buffer memory, a link for curve analysis and an evaluation link, and to derive the periods of repulsion phase and sliding phase directly from the movement of the skier's foot.
  • a second line is also connected to the computer 208, which leads to the link 209 for recognizing a change in direction in the change to be carried out compared to the previous adjustment and further to the counter 214 for the number of changes in direction and to the comparison link 215 in which the determined number of changes in direction is included a default value is compared.
  • components 200, 203 and 215 are connected to power source 218 via on / off link 217.
  • a ski is shown as an example in FIG.
  • the ski 30 is characterized in that a pedal 35 is arranged on its upper side below the heel of the ski boot 36, under which a button 34 is located. Furthermore, a measuring device 33 is located on the ski 30 in Shape of a clock.
  • the time of, for example, ten cross-country skiing steps serves as a criterion for ski optimization: the longer this time, the stronger the push-off and the longer the sliding step is on average, the more efficient the associated ski setting is for the corresponding runner.
  • FIG.5. Another block diagram is shown in Fig.5.
  • a measuring device 300 and a signal transmitter 330 are present, to which a computing device 003 is connected.
  • the measuring device 300 is followed by the evaluation element 316 and the signal generator 330 is the counter 303 for the number of cross-country steps.
  • One line leads from the counter 303 and from the evaluation element 316 to a changeover switch 304, to which two memories 305 and 306 are connected.
  • the outputs of these memories 305 and 306 are connected to the comparison element 307.
  • the circuit corresponds to that of FIG. 1 or 3 away from this comparator 307, so that there is no need to go into further details.
  • the evaluation element 316 is configured corresponding to FIG. 1a or 1b.
  • Fig. 6 shows a longitudinal section through a ski 40 which, in addition to a capacitive pressure plate 43, which is mounted between the ski body 41 and the tread 42, carries on its top a button 44 which is actuated by a pedal 45 which is below the heel of the ski boot 46 is arranged.
  • the embodiment according to FIG. 7 differs from this embodiment in that an acceleration sensor 143 is provided on the ski 140, in the region of the cross-country binding, as a measuring device.
  • the remaining formation of the ski 140 corresponds to the previous one. It also has a button 144 on the top, which is actuated by a pedal 145, which is articulated below the heel of the ski boot 146 on the top of the ski.
  • the gradual, preferably automatic optimization of the ski to the requirements of the cross-country skier takes place in the last-mentioned embodiments in the manner already described above.
  • the adjustments required to optimize the ski can be carried out manually, semi-automatically or fully automatically. When operated manually, the adjustment is carried out in accordance with the value displayed by the display device 113, 213. Devices can be used for semi or fully automatic actuation, some examples of which are shown in FIGS. 8 to 13 and are described below.
  • the reversible reversing gear shown in FIGS. 8-10 has a housing 50 which is closed by a cover 51.
  • an internally threaded ring gear 52 is accommodated, which effects the adjustment of the bending stiffness or curvature of the ski via a screw spindle 53 (FIGS. 8 and 9).
  • a shaft 54 is mounted in a bore in the parting plane 50a of the housing 50, on which two bevel gears 55 and 55 'are fastened, one of which is in engagement with the ring gear 52 during the adjustment process.
  • two collars 54a are provided, between which the end of a shift fork 56 is located.
  • This shift fork 56 is pivotable on a bearing block 50b of the housing 50 about a vertical axis 50c.
  • Two solenoids 57 which are fastened to bearing blocks 58 on the bottom of the housing 50, serve to pivot the shift fork 56 in both directions.
  • the shaft 54 is acted upon by compression springs, not shown, which endeavor to always hold the shaft in its central position.
  • the two ends 54b of the shaft 54 protruding from the housing 50 are designed in the manner of star spline shafts. These ends 54b are supported in bearing blocks 50d, which are formed in one piece with the base plate of the housing 50.
  • a pedal is designated, which is under the influence of a spring and is in the Fig.8-10 in depressed position. It is U-shaped in the area of the shaft 54 (see Fig. 8).
  • Each leg of the pedal 59 has a bore into which a ring 60 is inserted, which has two pawls 61, 62 on its inside, which are pivoted against the axis of the bore by springs, not shown.
  • a ratchet wheel 63 which is assigned to the two pawls 61, 62, is slidably mounted on each end 54b of the shaft 54.
  • the tread 70 is connected to the slave body 71 in an elastically liftable manner in the region of the middle third of the ski length via a rubber membrane 72.
  • a flat reinforcement element 73 is attached to the rubber membrane 72.
  • the lower, flange-like end region of the screw spindle 53 passing through the ski body 71 is anchored in this stiffening element 73 by means of retaining flanges 74.
  • the holding flanges 74 are firmly connected to the stiffening element 73, for example riveted.
  • FIGS. 8b and 9b Another variant of the adjustment is shown in FIGS. 8b and 9b, in which a cavity 81a is recessed in the interior of the ski body 81 provided with a tread 80, in which a bending beam 82 is accommodated.
  • the screw spindle 53 'screwed into the internal thread of the ring gear 52 and partially penetrating the ski body 81 has at its lower end region a square recess running in the axial direction.
  • a push rod 82a which is embodied in a complementary manner and extends from the bending beam 82, slidably engages in this, whereby the screw spindle 53 ', secured against rotation with respect to the ski body 81, is adjustable in the axial direction.
  • the lower end of the screw spindle 53 ' can be approximated more or less to the bending beam 82, or can even be braced against it, as a result of which the ski becomes softer or harder during running, or its curvature changed.
  • the operation of the drive device according to FIGS. 8 and 9 is as follows: depending on the signal emerging from the actuator 112, 212, the shift fork 56 in FIG. 8 is shifted either to the right or to the left. As a result, either the left or the right drive bevel gear 55 or 55 ′ comes into engagement with the ring gear 52. If the pedal 59 is now depressed by the foot of the cross-country skier, the screw spindle 53 connected to the ring gear 52 is moved up or down, as a result of which the ski is adjusted in its bending stiffness or curvature. This adjustment takes place until the command 112.212 comes from the command not to make any further adjustment. In this case, the power supply to the solenoids 57 causing the displacement of the shaft 54 is interrupted and the shaft 54 returns to its normal (waste) position shown in FIG. 8 under the influence of the previously compressed compression spring.
  • FIGS. 11 to 13 show examples of fully automatically controlled skis that can be adjusted via an electric motor controlled by the actuator 112, 212.
  • the ski shown in longitudinal section according to Fig.ll is designated in its entirety with 400.
  • a cavity 401 is recessed in its interior, which is covered by an upper flange 402 on its upper side and on its lower side is delimited by a lower chord 403 and in which a bending beam 404 is accommodated.
  • the bending beam 404 On its upper side, the bending beam 404 carries a pin 405, to which a slide 406 is assigned.
  • the latter is equipped with an inclined surface and is guided in guide rails (not shown) on the underside of the upper flange 402 in the longitudinal direction of the ski.
  • the slider On the side opposite the inclined surface with respect to the longitudinal extension of the slider 406, the slider carries a toothed rack 407 into which a pinion 408 engages, the shaft of which is mounted in the upper chord 402 and is driven by an electric motor 409.
  • this electric motor 409 By means of this electric motor 409, the distance of the pin 405 from the inclined surface of the slider 406 changes, or a tensioning of the bending beam 404 with respect to the ski 400 can be achieved.
  • a ski shown in cross-section according to FIG. 12, which is denoted by 500 likewise has in its interior a cavity 501, which is closed on its upper side by an upper flange 502 and on its underside by a lower flange, not shown, and one in cavity disposed bending beam 504, which proceedings- a pin 505.
  • a rotary valve 506 provided which carries on its underside a Wendelfläc h e, which is intended to rest on the pin 505 here.
  • the rotary slide valve 506 is seated on a shaft 506a which is mounted in the upper belt 502 and carries a gearwheel 507 at its upper end which projects from the upper belt and meshes with a pinion 508.
  • This pinion 508 is fixed on the shaft of an electric motor 509.
  • the gear 507 and the pinion 508 are accommodated in a housing 510 fastened to the upper belt 502 in order to protect them from the influences of the environment.
  • FIG. 13 A similar embodiment of a ski 600 is also shown in cross section in FIG. 13.
  • This ski 600 also has a cavity 601 in which a bending beam 604 is accommodated.
  • a housing 610 which carries an electric motor 609, is in turn attached to the upper flange 602. This drives a gear 607 via a pinion 608.
  • the bore of the gearwheel 607 is provided with an internal thread, into which a hollow threaded bushing 611 is screwed.
  • This threaded bushing 611 has one that extends in the direction of the bushing axis.
  • Square recess in which a pin 612 with a square cross section is slidably mounted, which is fastened to the bending beam 604.
  • the threaded bushing 611 is adjustable in the axial direction, but is secured against rotation with respect to the ski 600. If the electric motor 609 is switched on, the gear 607 is rotated via the pinion 608, which leads to an axial adjustment of the threaded bushing 611. As a result, the bending stiffness and, by tightening the bending beam, the curvature of the Ski 600 can be changed.
  • the adjustment mechanism shown in FIG. 13, driven by the electric motor 609, can of course also control a ski with a tread part that can be lifted off the ski body.
  • the sheet-like pressure sensor shown in FIG. 2a can be replaced by one or more point-like pressure sensors.
  • the measuring device configured as a clock according to FIGS. 3 and 4 can also be provided as a component of the computing device, for example by using the clock generator present in it at the same time for measuring the relevant time period.
  • the pedal and button in all three versions according to FIGS. 4, 6 and 7 could also be arranged in the ball area of the shoe.

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EP85105629A 1984-05-18 1985-05-08 Ski, en particulier ski de fond Expired - Lifetime EP0162372B1 (fr)

Applications Claiming Priority (2)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
AT0165784A AT383037B (de) 1984-05-18 1984-05-18 Ski
AT1657/84 1984-05-18

Publications (3)

Publication Number Publication Date
EP0162372A2 true EP0162372A2 (fr) 1985-11-27
EP0162372A3 EP0162372A3 (en) 1987-01-21
EP0162372B1 EP0162372B1 (fr) 1990-01-03

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Family Applications (1)

Application Number Title Priority Date Filing Date
EP85105629A Expired - Lifetime EP0162372B1 (fr) 1984-05-18 1985-05-08 Ski, en particulier ski de fond

Country Status (5)

Country Link
US (1) US4740009A (fr)
EP (1) EP0162372B1 (fr)
JP (1) JPS6156673A (fr)
AT (1) AT383037B (fr)
DE (1) DE3575077D1 (fr)

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AT387336B (de) * 1986-06-23 1989-01-10 Tyrolia Freizeitgeraete Langlaufbindung
WO1997011756A1 (fr) * 1995-09-29 1997-04-03 Active Control Experts, Inc. Materiel de sport adaptable
US5779257A (en) * 1995-12-06 1998-07-14 Marker Deutschland Gmbh Automatic damping/stiffening system
DE19744344C1 (de) * 1997-10-07 1999-04-08 Andreas Dr Hahn Sportgerät
US6086490A (en) * 1995-09-29 2000-07-11 Active Control Experts, Inc. Baseball hat
US6102426A (en) * 1997-02-07 2000-08-15 Active Control Experts, Inc. Adaptive sports implement with tuned damping
US6196935B1 (en) 1995-09-29 2001-03-06 Active Control Experts, Inc. Golf club
US6345834B1 (en) 1995-09-29 2002-02-12 Active Control Experts, Inc. Recreational snowboard
US7080849B2 (en) 2002-01-14 2006-07-25 Head Sport Ag Ski, method of stiffening the ski and method of manufacturing the ski
US7160286B2 (en) 2000-08-01 2007-01-09 Head Sport Ag Racket with self-powered piezoelectric damping system

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FR2657533B1 (fr) * 1990-01-29 1992-04-03 Salomon Sa Ski de fond pour patinage.
FR2675392B1 (fr) * 1991-04-22 1995-06-23 Salomon Sa Dispositif d'amortissement pour ski.
FR2678517B1 (fr) * 1991-07-04 1993-10-15 Salomon Sa Perfectionnement pour dispositif d'amortissement pour ski.
US5284357A (en) * 1991-11-01 1994-02-08 Tinkler Michael R Apparatus and method for damping deflections and vibrations in skis
FR2701215B1 (fr) * 1993-02-05 1995-04-14 Salomon Sa Perfectionnement pour dispositif d'amortissement pour ski et ski équipé d'un tel dispositif.
US6095547A (en) * 1995-08-01 2000-08-01 K-2 Corporation Active piezoelectric damper for a snow ski or snowboard
US5775715A (en) * 1995-08-01 1998-07-07 K-2 Corporation Piezoelectric damper for a board such as a snow ski or snowboard
US5826909A (en) * 1996-09-20 1998-10-27 Mountain Dynamics, Inc. Relocatable electronic ski camber sensor
GB0129588D0 (en) * 2001-12-11 2002-01-30 Reactec Ltd Improvements in or relating to skis
DE102006035274B4 (de) * 2006-07-31 2008-07-03 Technische Universität Dresden Faserverbundbauteil mit einer Sensor- und Anzeigeeinheit
US9305120B2 (en) 2011-04-29 2016-04-05 Bryan Marc Failing Sports board configuration
US11896368B2 (en) 2016-08-31 2024-02-13 Apple Inc. Systems and methods for determining swimming metrics
US20190076063A1 (en) * 2017-09-11 2019-03-14 Apple Inc. Systems and methods of ski activity detection
CN109999476A (zh) * 2019-01-30 2019-07-12 深圳东博士科技有限公司 一种四轮滑板的控制方法及四轮滑板
US11937904B2 (en) 2019-09-09 2024-03-26 Apple Inc. Detecting the end of cardio machine activities on a wearable device

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DE2014935A1 (de) * 1970-03-26 1971-10-07 Agerer, Luitpold, 8501 Ruckersdorf Zusatzvorrichtung fur Ski Sicher heitsbindungen
FR2340750A1 (fr) * 1976-02-10 1977-09-09 Salomon & Fils F Fixation de securite pour ski a circuit electrique ou electronique
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DE2833393A1 (de) * 1978-07-29 1980-02-07 Guenther Schmidt Ski mit veraenderbaren fahreigenschaften
FR2510898A1 (fr) * 1981-08-06 1983-02-11 Look Sa Fixation de ski a affichage electronique de la durete de declenchement
DE8301597U1 (fr) * 1983-06-23 Popek, Karel, Dipl.-Ing., 8000 Muenchen, De

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FR2363342A1 (fr) * 1976-09-02 1978-03-31 Salomon & Fils F Fixation de securite pour ski
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DE8301597U1 (fr) * 1983-06-23 Popek, Karel, Dipl.-Ing., 8000 Muenchen, De
FR1304880A (fr) * 1961-11-02 1962-09-28 Ski avec résistance variable à la flexion
DE2014935A1 (de) * 1970-03-26 1971-10-07 Agerer, Luitpold, 8501 Ruckersdorf Zusatzvorrichtung fur Ski Sicher heitsbindungen
FR2340750A1 (fr) * 1976-02-10 1977-09-09 Salomon & Fils F Fixation de securite pour ski a circuit electrique ou electronique
FR2369853A1 (fr) * 1976-11-04 1978-06-02 Salomon & Fils F Fixation de securite pour ski
DE2833393A1 (de) * 1978-07-29 1980-02-07 Guenther Schmidt Ski mit veraenderbaren fahreigenschaften
FR2510898A1 (fr) * 1981-08-06 1983-02-11 Look Sa Fixation de ski a affichage electronique de la durete de declenchement

Cited By (12)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
AT387336B (de) * 1986-06-23 1989-01-10 Tyrolia Freizeitgeraete Langlaufbindung
WO1997011756A1 (fr) * 1995-09-29 1997-04-03 Active Control Experts, Inc. Materiel de sport adaptable
US5857694A (en) * 1995-09-29 1999-01-12 Active Control Experts, Inc. Adaptive sports implement
US6086490A (en) * 1995-09-29 2000-07-11 Active Control Experts, Inc. Baseball hat
US6196935B1 (en) 1995-09-29 2001-03-06 Active Control Experts, Inc. Golf club
US6345834B1 (en) 1995-09-29 2002-02-12 Active Control Experts, Inc. Recreational snowboard
US6485380B2 (en) 1995-09-29 2002-11-26 Active Control Experts, Inc. Sports implement
US5779257A (en) * 1995-12-06 1998-07-14 Marker Deutschland Gmbh Automatic damping/stiffening system
US6102426A (en) * 1997-02-07 2000-08-15 Active Control Experts, Inc. Adaptive sports implement with tuned damping
DE19744344C1 (de) * 1997-10-07 1999-04-08 Andreas Dr Hahn Sportgerät
US7160286B2 (en) 2000-08-01 2007-01-09 Head Sport Ag Racket with self-powered piezoelectric damping system
US7080849B2 (en) 2002-01-14 2006-07-25 Head Sport Ag Ski, method of stiffening the ski and method of manufacturing the ski

Also Published As

Publication number Publication date
ATA165784A (de) 1986-10-15
JPS6156673A (ja) 1986-03-22
US4740009A (en) 1988-04-26
AT383037B (de) 1987-05-11
EP0162372B1 (fr) 1990-01-03
EP0162372A3 (en) 1987-01-21
DE3575077D1 (de) 1990-02-08

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