EP0124055B1 - Antenne active adhérant au pare-brise d'un véhicule pour toutes les sortes de polarisation - Google Patents

Antenne active adhérant au pare-brise d'un véhicule pour toutes les sortes de polarisation Download PDF

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Publication number
EP0124055B1
EP0124055B1 EP84104520A EP84104520A EP0124055B1 EP 0124055 B1 EP0124055 B1 EP 0124055B1 EP 84104520 A EP84104520 A EP 84104520A EP 84104520 A EP84104520 A EP 84104520A EP 0124055 B1 EP0124055 B1 EP 0124055B1
Authority
EP
European Patent Office
Prior art keywords
aerial
amplifier
windscreen
active
metallic frame
Prior art date
Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
Expired - Lifetime
Application number
EP84104520A
Other languages
German (de)
English (en)
Other versions
EP0124055A3 (en
EP0124055A2 (fr
EP0124055B2 (fr
Inventor
Heinz Prof. Dr. Ing. Lindenmeier
Gerhard Prof. Dr. Ing. Flachenecker
Jochen Dr. Ing. Hopf
Current Assignee (The listed assignees may be inaccurate. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation or warranty as to the accuracy of the list.)
Fuba Automotive GmbH and Co KG
Original Assignee
Fuba Automotive GmbH and Co KG
Hans Kolbe and Co
Priority date (The priority date is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the date listed.)
Filing date
Publication date
Family has litigation
First worldwide family litigation filed litigation Critical https://patents.darts-ip.com/?family=6197618&utm_source=google_patent&utm_medium=platform_link&utm_campaign=public_patent_search&patent=EP0124055(B1) "Global patent litigation dataset” by Darts-ip is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 International License.
Application filed by Fuba Automotive GmbH and Co KG, Hans Kolbe and Co filed Critical Fuba Automotive GmbH and Co KG
Publication of EP0124055A2 publication Critical patent/EP0124055A2/fr
Publication of EP0124055A3 publication Critical patent/EP0124055A3/de
Application granted granted Critical
Publication of EP0124055B1 publication Critical patent/EP0124055B1/fr
Publication of EP0124055B2 publication Critical patent/EP0124055B2/fr
Anticipated expiration legal-status Critical
Expired - Lifetime legal-status Critical Current

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Classifications

    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01Q—ANTENNAS, i.e. RADIO AERIALS
    • H01Q1/00—Details of, or arrangements associated with, antennas
    • H01Q1/12—Supports; Mounting means
    • H01Q1/1271—Supports; Mounting means for mounting on windscreens
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01Q—ANTENNAS, i.e. RADIO AERIALS
    • H01Q23/00—Antennas with active circuits or circuit elements integrated within them or attached to them

Definitions

  • the invention relates to an active windshield antenna for motor vehicles for VHF and LMK radio reception according to the preamble of claim 1.
  • the antenna due to the integration into the vehicle body, meets vehicle-specific requirements such as mechanical robustness, long service life, easy installation, avoidance of unnecessary air swirling much better than the standard rod antenna.
  • Active windshield antennas with the properties described above are known for example from DE-GM 78 08 489.
  • a motor vehicle antenna which is designed according to this prior art, in the case of vertically or circularly polarized waves, types of polarization such as those e.g. are frequently used in the USA for VHF broadcasting, only provides extremely unsatisfactory reception powers, while the reception powers in the FM range with horizontal polarization and in the LMK range are at least equivalent to those of the standard antenna.
  • Another disadvantage is the position of the antenna amplifier that is predetermined for the antenna to function properly. A change in the antenna configuration shown in Figure 1 of DE-GM 78 08 489 by changing the connection point leads to poorer reception properties, particularly in the FM range.
  • the invention is based on the object of realizing an active windshield antenna according to the preamble of claim 1, the reception power of which has good reception properties both in the case of horizontally and also in the case of vertically and circularly polarized VHF reception field and in the vertically polarized LMK range, and the requirement being met should also be that the mounting point for the amplifier near the metal frame can be freely chosen with regard to vehicle-specific aspects.
  • An antenna arrangement has also become known (FR-A-2 513 021) which, although it is a two-band antenna, is not an active antenna of the type described.
  • This known antenna arrangement is always composed of two sections, namely a section for frequency modulation (FM) and a section for amplitude modulation (AM), these two sections being connected to one another in series. The sections are separated by an inductor, the inductor acting as an open circuit for the FM range and a short circuit for the AM range.
  • the known antenna arrangement is therefore not able to achieve the described task without this separation by the inductance, namely to achieve the desired reception results. It is also essential that an antenna amplifier, as required by an active antenna, is not present in this known antenna arrangement. This also contradicts a solution to the task described.
  • Such an antenna has the particular advantage of delivering very good reception results with horizontal as well as with vertical and circular polarization in the FM range.
  • the antenna according to the invention delivers good results in all types of polarization.
  • FR-A-2 513 021 there is a significant difference in the omission of the division of the antenna configuration into a conductor section for the FM range and one for the AM range, with the advantage thereby achieved of the uniformity of the antenna conductors for FM and AM reception.
  • the location for the antenna connection point and the amplifier is predetermined by vehicle-specific constraints.
  • the constraints often result from the assembly sequence in the manufacture of the motor vehicle and from the requirement that the antenna amplifier be exchangeable and retrofitted.
  • the reception properties that can be achieved are largely independent of the specified installation location.
  • a comparison of the conductor or wire length with a view to adapting to the current vehicle body or windshield opening is largely unproblematic with the given conductor configuration.
  • Fig. 1 shows the front window of the vehicle with a view from the passenger compartment.
  • the antenna amplifier 5 is attached in the vicinity of the metal frame 2 and is connected at its ground point to the metal frame of the windshield via the connection 8 (input connection).
  • the antenna amplifier 5 has at its input a branching of the transmission paths for signal components from the FM frequency range and the LMK frequency range.
  • a signal branch is e.g. known from DE-PS 21 15 657 or from DE-PS 21 66 898 or DE-PS 19 19 749.
  • the transmission path for the LMK frequency range contains an amplifier with a high-impedance input impedance, as is e.g. is known from DE-PS 20 21 331 or DE-PS 25 54 828 or DE-PS 25 54 829.
  • the circuit for branching the signals does not load the input impedance of the LMK amplifier in the LMK frequency range with a low impedance, so that the input impedance of the overall amplifier 5 in the LMK frequency range is overall high impedance.
  • the output line 6 of the antenna amplifier 5 is led to a receiver 7.
  • the first input terminal 3 of the antenna amplifier 5 is connected to the one end of the antenna conductor 4a, 4b via the shortest possible connecting line.
  • the interaction of the conductor configuration given by the antenna conductors 4a and 4b with the LMK amplifier 10 is explained below.
  • the conductor 4b makes the essential contribution to reception. In the interest of good reception in the LMK area, the conductor 4b should not be chosen too short and if possible use the full pane height. Although the reception field strength in the lower part of the conductor 4b is opposite to the field strength in the upper part 4a, the full conductor length is preferable from the point of view of the LMK reception due to the associated increased capacitance.
  • This contribution is due to the high concentration of the electric field lines in the vicinity of the metal frame 2, which brings about a noticeable improvement in reception even when the conductor 4a is at a small distance from the metal frame 2. This makes it possible to choose the distance A of this conductor 4a from the metal frame 2 so small that it does not significantly impair the driver's or passenger's view and the design of the windshield. Distances A significantly less than 10mm between the conductor 4a and the metal frame 2 should, however, be avoided.
  • the pane opening 1 enclosed by the conductive frame 2 can be regarded approximately as a slot radiator, which can be optimally excited by a wave with an electrical field strength vector oriented in the direction of the vertical line of symmetry 9.
  • a resonance-like increase in the field strength along the line of symmetry 9 occurs when the width of the window opening corresponds to approximately half a wavelength, as is usually the case with cars customary today.
  • field components in the direction of the symmetry line 9, which excite the disk resonance are present because of the pane inclined in the vehicle.
  • a conductor or wire structure such as the conductor part 4b is therefore strongly coupled to the receiving field.
  • the coupling of the conductor part 4a can be changed via the distance A, small distances A between the conductor 4a and the frame 2 resulting in low power consumption from the field and large distances A leading to higher power consumption from the field.
  • the distance A can therefore also be used to change the ratio of the contributions to reception by the conductor parts 4a and 4b in the FM range.
  • the available output power of the structure can be optimized by varying the distance 11 between the end of the vertical conductor part 4b and the frame 2, the maximum possible length often being found to be the optimal length for all polarizations.
  • the distance 11 should not be less than approx. 2 mm.
  • the optimal distance 11 between the end of the conductor part 4b and the frame 2 must be found by the fact that for different distances 11 through longer measurement runs with statistical travel routes, the mean antenna output voltage resulting from the input resistance of a measurement receiver structure under investigation compared to the average output voltage of the reference antenna is determined. After measuring the impedance of the conductor or wire structure, this voltage across a load resistor that is not matched to the power must then be converted to the available average output power, that is to say to the power that would have been achievable with a respective power-matched load.
  • the optimum distance 11 is when this available signal power is at a maximum, the value of the impedance of the conductor or wire structure itself being almost insignificant, since low-loss transformation circuits can be used in the antenna amplifier 5 within the transmission path for the FM frequency range 13.
  • Such transformation circuits are expediently to be designed such that noise adaptation for the input transistor is achieved if an active, amplifying three-pole element such as a field effect transistor or a bipolar transistor is used in the transmission path 13, or it is necessary to adapt the power to the characteristic impedance of the connecting cable 6 to the receiver 7, if the transmission path 13 is passive.
  • Fig. 2 shows an advantageous embodiment of the invention, in which the antenna amplifier 5 and the antenna connector are located near the lower right corner of the metal frame and the break point 12 is located near the upper horizontal part of the metal frame and the conductor 4a parallel to right and to the horizontal upper part of the metal frame.
  • the amplifier is mounted in the area of the dashboard, an area in which there is often enough space and which is usually also easily accessible for retrofitting an antenna or for replacing the antenna amplifier. It is also advantageous at this installation location that only a relatively short connecting cable to the receiver is required.
  • FIG. 4 shows an embodiment of the invention with the same mounting point for the amplifier as in FIG. 2, but with a minimized conductor or wire length on the disk and, compared to the structure according to FIG. 2, a simple geometry of the conductor arrangement with only a single break point , which results in cost advantages in production.
  • the risk of interference coupling from the engine compartment to the antenna structure is greater in an embodiment according to FIG. 4 because of the closer proximity of the conductor part 4a to the interference sources such as the ignition. Therefore, such a structure can preferably only be used for vehicles with good interference suppression.
  • Fig. 3 shows a likewise advantageous attachment of the amplifier in the upper right corner of the metal frame, an area in which there is often enough space for the antenna amplifier in the right spar or under the vehicle headlining.
  • the connecting cable can often simply be led down under the plastic cover with which the metal bar is clad.
  • the conductor or wire structure itself has the same advantages as the structure according to FIG. 4, namely the advantage of simplicity and that of inexpensive production, but is not at risk with regard to the coupling in of motor faults.

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  • Details Of Aerials (AREA)
  • Support Of Aerials (AREA)

Claims (9)

1. Antenne active de pare-brise pour des véhicules automobiles, pour la réception radio en ondes ultra-courtes, en ondes courtes, en ondes moyennes et longues,
qui est formée du cadre métallique (2) du pare-brise (1) du véhicule automobile et d'un fil d'antenne rapporté sur ou dans le pare-brise (1) et constitué d'au moins deux parties sensiblement rectilignes reliées entre elles, parties dont au moins l'une est parallèle au cadre métallique (2),
qui comprend un amplificateur d'antenne (5), comportant deux raccords d'entrée (3, 8) et un conducteur de sortie (6), disposé au voisinage du cadre métallique (2),
dans laquelle celle des extrémités du fil d'antenne qui est adjacente à l'amplificateur d'antenne (5), est reliée au premier raccord d'entrée (3) de l'amplificateur d'antenne (5), le deuxième raccord d'entrée (8) de l'amplificateur d'antenne (5) est relié au cadre conducteur (2) qui entoure le pare-brise, et le conducteur de sortie (6) de l'amplificateur d'antenne (5) est raccordé au récepteur,
caractérisée en ce que :
la partie (4a) du fil d'antenne, qui s'étend parallèlement au cadre métallique (2) à une première distance (A) de celui-ci, fait un coude en un point (12), qui est-à l'intersection de cette partie (4a) avec l'axe de symétrie verticale (9) du cadre (2),
en ce que le prolongement (4b) du fil d'antenne s'étend le long de l'axe de symétrie (9) au moins sur un quart de la hauteur du pare-brise (1), jusqu'à une deuxième distance (11), de la partie opposée du cadre métallique (2),
en ce que l'amplificateur d'antenne (5) présente des circuits séparés (10, 13) pour la transmission des ondes courtes, moyennes et longues et pour celle des ondes ultra-courtes,
en ce que le circuit (10) transmettant les ondes courtes, moyennes et longues est constitué d'un quadripôle de transmission qui possède, à son entrée, un amplificateur pour les ondes courtes, moyennes et longues, comportant une impédance d'entrée très élevée dans ce domaine,
et en ce que l'impédance d'entrée de l'amplificateur d'antenne (5) est très élevée dans le domaine des ondes courtes, moyennes et longues.
2. Antenne active de pare-brise suivant la revendication 1, caractérisée en ce que la deuxième distance (11) entre l'extrémité de la partie de conducteur (4b) dont le tracé suit l'axe de symétrie (9) et le cadre, est telle que, à une des extrémités du fil d'antenne (4a), la puissance disponible du signal présente un maximum dans le domaine des ondes ultra-courtes pour un champ de réception à polarisation circulaire.
3. Antenne active de pare-brise suivant la revendication 1 ou la revendication 2, caractérisée en ce que la partie de conducteur (4b), dont le tracé suit l'axe de symétrie (9), est dirigée, depuis le voisinage du point de coude (12), presque jusqu'à la partie horizontale, opposée, du cadre métallique (2) et en ce que la deuxième distance (11) est d'au moins 2 mm.
4. Antenne active de pare-brise suivant l'une quelconque des revendications 1 à 3, caractérisée en ce que la première distance (A) est choisie plus grande que 1 cm et plus petite que 7 cm.
5. Antenne active de pare-brise suivant l'une quelconque des revendications 1 à 4, caractérisée en ce que l'amplificateur d'antenne (5) et l'une des extrémités du fil d'antenne sont disposés au voisinage de l'un des coins inférieurs du cadre métallique (2) et en ce que le point de coude (12) se trouve au voisinage de la partie horizontale supérieure du cadre métallique (2) (figure 2).
6. Antenne active de pare-brise suivant l'une quelconque des revendications 1 à 4, caractérisée en ce que l'amplificateur d'antenne (5) et l'une des extrémités du fil d'antenne sont disposés au voisinage de l'un des coins supérieurs du cadre métallique (2) et en ce que le point de coude (12) se trouve au voisinage de la partie horizontale supérieure du cadre métallique (2) (figure 3).
7. Antenne active de pare-brise suivant l'une quelconque des revendications 1 à 4, caractérisée en ce que l'amplificateur d'antenne (5) et l'une des extrémités du fil d'antenne sont disposés au voisinage de l'un des coins inférieurs du cadre métallique (2) et en ce que le point de coude (12) se trouve au voisinage de la partie horizontale inférieure du cadre métallique (2) (figure 4).
8. Antenne active de pare-brise suivant l'une quelconque des revendications 1 à 7, caractérisée en ce que le circuit transmettant le signal en ondes ultra-courtes (13) comporte au moins un tripole actif d'amplification, le premier tripole actif étant, à l'aide d'un réseau à pertes faibles situé en amont, adapté, pour un bruit minimum, à l'impédance du fil d'antenne, à son extrémité de raccordement (4a).
9. Antenne active de pare-brise suivant l'une quelconque des revendications 1 à 7, caractérisée en ce que le circuit transmettant le signal en ondes ultra-courtes (13) est constitué d'un réseau d'adaptation à pertes faibles, et en ce qu'il y a adaptation de puissance entre l'une des extrémités du fil d'antenne (4a) et le conducteur de sortie (6) de l'amplificateur d'antenne (5).
EP84104520A 1983-04-28 1984-04-20 Antenne active adhérant au pare-brise d'un véhicule pour toutes les sortes de polarisation Expired - Lifetime EP0124055B2 (fr)

Applications Claiming Priority (2)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
DE3315458 1983-04-28
DE19833315458 DE3315458A1 (de) 1983-04-28 1983-04-28 Aktive windschutzscheibenantenne fuer alle polarisationsarten

Publications (4)

Publication Number Publication Date
EP0124055A2 EP0124055A2 (fr) 1984-11-07
EP0124055A3 EP0124055A3 (en) 1987-05-27
EP0124055B1 true EP0124055B1 (fr) 1992-10-21
EP0124055B2 EP0124055B2 (fr) 1997-07-23

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ID=6197618

Family Applications (1)

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EP84104520A Expired - Lifetime EP0124055B2 (fr) 1983-04-28 1984-04-20 Antenne active adhérant au pare-brise d'un véhicule pour toutes les sortes de polarisation

Country Status (4)

Country Link
US (1) US4602260A (fr)
EP (1) EP0124055B2 (fr)
DE (2) DE3315458A1 (fr)
ES (1) ES8506943A1 (fr)

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Also Published As

Publication number Publication date
DE3315458A1 (de) 1984-11-08
ES531970A0 (es) 1985-08-01
DE3315458C2 (fr) 1988-06-30
EP0124055A3 (en) 1987-05-27
ES8506943A1 (es) 1985-08-01
EP0124055A2 (fr) 1984-11-07
US4602260A (en) 1986-07-22
EP0124055B2 (fr) 1997-07-23
DE3485958D1 (de) 1992-11-26

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